{"id":68226,"date":"2022-04-27T04:46:30","date_gmt":"2022-04-27T09:46:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=68226"},"modified":"2022-04-27T04:46:30","modified_gmt":"2022-04-27T09:46:30","slug":"kurd-kadinlari-teali-cemiyeti-1919","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=68226","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti (1919)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Tarihte kurulan ilk K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n derne\u011fi olarak kabul edilen K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti, Osmanl\u0131\u2019daki di\u011fer kad\u0131n dernekleri gibi, aristokrat ailelerinden gelen kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulur. Babanzadeler, Bedirhaniler ve Cemilpa\u015fazadeler gibi sayg\u0131n aileler, siyasi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel sahada K\u00fcrt toplumunu derinden etkilerler. Cemiyet\u2019in ana gayesi, K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n entelekt\u00fcel d\u00fczeylerini geli\u015ftirmek, maddi durumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve toplumsal ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in onlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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Vahap Co\u015fkun<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n
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20\u2019nci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda yeni bir sayfan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 bellidir. Herkes bu tarihsel d\u00f6neme\u00e7te kendine iyi bir yer aramakta, haklar\u0131n\u0131n muhafazas\u0131n\u0131 ve mevkilerinin tahkimini ama\u00e7layan taleplerde bulunmaktad\u0131r. Etnik ve dini kimliklerde, gen\u00e7lerde, kad\u0131nlarda ve di\u011fer toplumsal katmanlarda siyasi hareketlilik had safhaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mesela 1908-1923 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019da 40\u2019a yak\u0131n kad\u0131n derne\u011fi faaliyet g\u00f6stermektedir. Rohat Alakom, bunlardan biri olan K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc anlat\u0131r. *<\/p>\n

1919\u2019da kurulan Cemiyet, uzun bir m\u00fcddet unutulmaya terk edilir. Mehmet Emin Bozarslan, J\u00een dergisinin 25 say\u0131dan olu\u015fan koleksiyonunu 1985-1988 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, be\u015f cilt halinde yay\u0131nlay\u0131nca, Cemiyet hakk\u0131ndaki ilk bilgiler g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olur. J\u00een\u2019in baz\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131ndaki Cemiyet\u2019e dair s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 yaz\u0131 ve \u015fiirler, Cemiyet\u2019e ili\u015fkin ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. 1989\u2019da Cemiyet\u2019in t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ve yay\u0131nlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201cAyr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kad\u0131nlar\u0131\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tarihte kurulan ilk K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n derne\u011fi olarak kabul edilen K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti, Osmanl\u0131\u2019daki di\u011fer kad\u0131n dernekleri gibi, aristokrat ailelerinden gelen kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulur. Babanzadeler, Bedirhaniler ve Cemilpa\u015fazadeler gibi sayg\u0131n aileler, siyasi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel sahada K\u00fcrt toplumunu derinden etkilerler. K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n\u00a0\u201cayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131nlar\u0131\u201d<\/em>\u00a0da,\u00a0\u201ckad\u0131nl\u0131k\u201d<\/em>\u00a0ve\u00a0\u201cK\u00fcrtl\u00fck\u201d<\/em>\u00a0kimliklerini birlikte ele alarak\u00a0\u201cilk K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini\u201d<\/em>\u00a0olu\u015ftururlar.<\/p>\n

Elbette bu, K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kamusal alana ilk giri\u015fleri de\u011fildir. Cemiyet\u2019in kurulmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce de K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar farkl\u0131 mecralarda seslerini duyurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar; kad\u0131n derneklerinde boy g\u00f6sterir, dergilerde yaz\u0131lar yazarlar. Mesela, Bedirhani ailesinin kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n, 1913\u2019ten itibaren \u0130stanbul\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan Kad\u0131nlar D\u00fcnyas\u0131 dergisinde yaz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar. Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan \u00f6nce kurulan K\u00fcrt Talebe \u2013 H\u00eav\u00ee Cemiyeti\u2019nin yay\u0131n organlar\u0131 Roj\u00ee Kurd ve Hetaw\u00ee Kurd dergilerinde K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n yaz\u0131lar\u0131na yer verilir.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemin K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131ndan Abdullah Cevdet, bir\u00e7ok makalesinde toplumlar\u0131n geli\u015fmesinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ve analar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgular.\u00a0\u201cBizler manen babalar\u0131m\u0131zdan ziyade annelerimizin hayat uzant\u0131s\u0131y\u0131z\u201d\u00a0<\/em>diyen Cevdet, \u0130shak Sukuti ile birlikte Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019da erkeklerin ve k\u0131zlar\u0131n beraber gidebilece\u011fi bir okul a\u00e7ar. Kad\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunan K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda mesele iki y\u00f6nl\u00fc olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Bir yandan kad\u0131nlar, ulusal m\u00fccadeleye seferber edilmek istenir. Ulusal uyan\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in topumun her katman\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler vard\u0131r.\u00a0\u201cGelece\u011fin ve ulusun \u00f6\u011fretmenleri\u201d<\/em>\u00a0kad\u0131nlardan beklenen de, ulusal kurtulu\u015fun bir neferi olarak ya\u015fam boyu s\u00fcrecek bir m\u00fccadele vermeleridir. Di\u011fer yandan da kad\u0131nlar\u0131n maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 bask\u0131lar g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00fcrdl\u00fck i\u00e7in \u015feref olan bu kutlu kurulu\u015f\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

1918\u2019in sonlar\u0131nda J\u00een dergisinin \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve K\u00fcrdistan Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131, K\u00fcrtlerin taleplerinin kamuoyuna aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda t\u00fcm kesimleri hareketlendirir. Kad\u0131nlar da bu s\u00fcrece dahil olurlar ve haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlay\u0131p May\u0131s 1919\u2019da kendi kurulu\u015flar\u0131yla sahnedeki yerlerini al\u0131rlar. K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin kurulu\u015funu ilk haber veren Memduh Selim\u2019dir. Selim, 26 May\u0131s\u2019ta yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ama 4 Haziran\u2019da J\u00een\u2019in 20\u2019nci say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, Cemiyet\u2019in kurulu\u015fundan duydu\u011fu sevinci payla\u015f\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir dernek a\u00e7an \u0130stanbul\u2019daki han\u0131mlar\u0131m\u0131za, K\u00fcrdl\u00fck i\u00e7in \u015feref olan bu kutlu kurulu\u015flar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ne kadar \u015f\u00fckran bor\u00e7lu olsak yeridir.\u201d\u00a0<\/em>(s. 27)<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrdistan Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti ile K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131 ba\u011flar vard\u0131r. Hatta baz\u0131 kaynaklar, K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin K\u00fcrdistan Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin bir alt ya da yan kurulu\u015fu oldu\u011funu ve onun himayesinde kuruldu\u011funu belirtirler. T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde kurucular\u0131n kim oldu\u011fu bilgisi yer almaz ama eldeki bilgiler Cemiyet\u2019in olu\u015fumuna Yamulki, Handanzade, Babanzade, Bedirhani ve Zapsu ailelerinin kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

Cemiyet\u2019in ana gayesi, K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n entelekt\u00fcel d\u00fczeylerini geli\u015ftirmek, maddi durumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve toplumsal ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in onlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle Bat\u0131\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen 600 bin K\u00fcrd\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar da Cemiyet\u2019in ilgi alan\u0131ndad\u0131r. Cemiyet, muhacir K\u00fcrt yetim \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 acil bir vazife olarak addeder. Ama\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda Cemiyet; para toplamak, kitap ve bro\u015f\u00fcr yay\u0131nlamak, okuma salonlar\u0131 ve kitapl\u0131klar a\u00e7mak gibi faaliyetlerde bulunur.<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00fcrd s\u00f6z\u00fcnden d\u00f6nmez\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cemiyet\u2019te iki kad\u0131n\u0131n ismi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar: \u0130lki, muar\u0131zlar\u0131nca\u00a0\u201cNemrut Mustafa Pa\u015fa\u201d<\/em>\u00a0olarak mimlenen S\u00fcleymaniyeli Mustafa Yamulki\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131 Encum Yamulki\u2019dir. 1896\u2019da Kars\u2019ta Osmanl\u0131 Konsolosu olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Mustafa Pa\u015fa, 1922\u2019de \u015eeyh Mahmud Berzenci\u2019nin \u00f6nderli\u011finde kurulan K\u00fcrt H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nde E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. 20 Haziran 1919\u2019da Cemiyet\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 vesilesiyle verilen mevlitte Yamulki bir konu\u015fma yapar ve konu\u015fma metni J\u00een\u2019de\u00a0\u201cBir Hitabe\u201d<\/em>\u00a0ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yay\u0131nlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201cDerne\u011fin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na ko\u015farak gelen sayg\u0131de\u011fer han\u0131mlar\u0131m\u0131z ve karde\u015flerimiz, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yard\u0131m\u0131 yapacaklar\u0131na ve K\u00fcrdl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in ne yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyorsa teredd\u00fcts\u00fcz yapacaklar\u0131na K\u00fcrd s\u00f6z\u00fc \u00fczerine s\u00f6z veriler. \u2018K\u00fcrd s\u00f6z\u00fcnden d\u00f6nmez\u2019 c\u00fcmlesi, \u00f6teden beri bir atas\u00f6z\u00fc olmu\u015ftur. Ben kan\u0131lar\u0131mla inan\u0131yorum ki, K\u00fcrd her \u015feye s\u00f6z vermez, fakat vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u00f6zden de kesinlikle d\u00f6nmez.\u201d\u00a0<\/em>(s.31-32)<\/p>\n

Yamulki hakk\u0131ndaki bilgiler s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Kesin olan, 1924\u2019te babas\u0131n\u0131n iste\u011fi \u00fczerine t\u0131p tahsili yapmak \u00fczere Fransa\u2019ya gitti\u011fi, 1928\u2019de bu \u00fclkenin en eski t\u0131p kurumu olan Paris T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nde doktora \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir Frans\u0131z \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi ile evlendi\u011fi ve bir o\u011flunun oldu\u011fudur.<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de biz sizden elli y\u0131l gerideyiz\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cemiyet\u2019le birlikte ismi en \u00e7ok an\u0131lan ikinci kad\u0131n ise \u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n e\u015fi Emine Han\u0131m\u2019d\u0131r. 1919\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan \u0130stiklal gazetesinde, \u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Paris\u2019te ya\u015fayan e\u015fi Emine Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin ba\u015fkanl\u0131k \u00f6nerisini kabul etti\u011fine dair bir haber \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

\u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n K\u00fcrd Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nce Paris\u2019te s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine K\u00fcrt temsilcisi olarak se\u00e7ilmesi, do\u011fal olarak ailenin kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 da etkiler, onlar\u0131n da kamusal alanda aktif bir pozisyon almalar\u0131na neden olur. Mamafih, Emine Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n Cemiyet\u2019in ba\u015fkan\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda, salt \u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n e\u015fi olmas\u0131 yatmaz. O, Fransa\u2019dan \u00f6nce ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019te yoksullara yard\u0131m, kad\u0131n hareketi ve bar\u0131\u015f \u00e7abalar\u0131 gibi \u00fc\u00e7 alanda bilinen ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u0130sve\u00e7 gazetelerine konu olan bir isimdir.<\/p>\n

Emine Han\u0131m, 11 y\u0131l ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019te en \u00e7ok kad\u0131nlar\u0131n durumu \u00fczerine kafa yorar; bu \u0130skandinav \u00fclkesi ile Osmanl\u0131\u2019daki kad\u0131nlar\u0131n durumunu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130sve\u00e7\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretmenine, hay\u0131flanarak\u00a0\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de biz sizden elli y\u0131l gerideyiz\u201d<\/em>\u00a0der. Ona g\u00f6re, bir toplumun geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n o toplumda etkin bir konumda olmalar\u0131 gerekir:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130sve\u00e7 yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde en geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclke olmal\u0131, o zaman kapal\u0131 ya\u015famdan kurtulmak ve erkeklere elimiz uzatarak, beraberce insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n soylu ama\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etmek arzusu bizde daha da artmaktad\u0131r.\u201d\u00a0<\/em>(s.54)<\/p>\n

1908\u2019de Paris\u2019e yerle\u015fen Emine Han\u0131m, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019nin bask\u0131 y\u00f6netime kar\u015f\u0131 verdi\u011fi demokratik m\u00fccadelede e\u015fi \u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck destek\u00e7isi ve yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olur. Tar\u0131k Zafer Tunaya, 1909\u2019da \u015eerif Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan kurulan Islahat-\u0131 Esasiye-i Osmaniye F\u0131rkas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (Osmanl\u0131 Anayasal Reformlar Partisi) a\u011f\u0131r toplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Emine Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 da sayar.<\/p>\n

\u201cBiraz daha yukar\u0131ya bakarsak bir kad\u0131nlar saltanat\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n hak ve hukuk y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015flerinde, bir\u00e7ok K\u00fcrt erke\u011fi onlara e\u015flik eder. \u015eerif Pa\u015fa, bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. Daha 1908\u2019de, kendisiyle yap\u0131lan s\u00f6yle\u015fide, \u015eerif Pa\u015fa kad\u0131nlar ve feminizm konusunda \u00f6nemli a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunur:<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de epeyce feminizm var. E\u015fim, en gayretli feministler aras\u0131nda ve T\u00fcrkiyeli kad\u0131nlar \u00e7ok bilgili. Bat\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc konusunda san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha fazla \u015feyler biliyorlar. Kad\u0131n hareketinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gelecek var. Kad\u0131nlar daha konu\u015fmad\u0131 ama onlar bunu ba\u015faracak.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(s. 54)<\/p>\n

Memduh Selim, Abd\u00fcrrahim Rahmi, Aziz Yamulki ve Mevlanzade R\u0131fat gibi K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 da, yaz\u0131lar\u0131 ve tav\u0131rlar\u0131yla kad\u0131nlar\u0131n yanlar\u0131nda olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir, Cemiyet\u2019in kurulu\u015funa y\u00fcrekten bir destek sunarlar. Memduh Selim, J\u00een\u2019in 14\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131nda kad\u0131n meselesini tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r. K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte \u00f6zg\u00fcr olduklar\u0131n\u0131 savunan Selim\u00a0\u201cBiraz daha yukar\u0131ya bakarsak bir kad\u0131nlar saltanat\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz\u201d\u00a0<\/em>der.<\/p>\n

Serbesti\u2019yi y\u00f6neten Mevlanzade R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n e\u015fi Ulviye Meylan 1913\u2019ten 1921\u2019e kadar Kad\u0131nlar D\u00fcnyas\u0131 adl\u0131 gazeteyi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. R\u0131fat, Serbesti\u2019de kad\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na yer verirken; e\u015fi Ulviye Han\u0131m da gazetesinde K\u00fcrt aristokrat ailelerinin kad\u0131nlar\u0131na alan a\u00e7ar ve buradan edinilen tecr\u00fcbeler sonraki y\u0131larda Cemiyet\u2019in kurulu\u015funa kaynak te\u015fkil eder. Azizi Yamulki bir yaz\u0131, Abdurrahim Rahmi (Zapsu) de bir \u015fiirle Cemiyet\u2019in kurulu\u015funu kutlar.<\/p>\n

\u201cAferin, y\u00fczlerce kez aferin! Bizi onurland\u0131rd\u0131n\u0131z\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ne yaz\u0131k ki Cemiyet\u2019in \u00f6mr\u00fc uzun olmaz. 11 Haziran 1920 tarihli gazeteler, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin bir \u00e7at\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct olan K\u00fcrd Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verdi\u011fini bildirirler. K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin de kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir bu haber. Derne\u011fin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul\u2019u terk etmek zorunda kalan Yamulki Ailesi, S\u00fcleymaniye\u2019ye d\u00f6ner. S\u00fcleymaniye, dernek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yeni merkezi olur.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Yamulki liderli\u011finde bir grup K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131n\u0131 K\u00fcrdistan Cemiyeti ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019daki ilk K\u00fcrt derne\u011fini kurar. Yamulki\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131 Zehra ve gelini G\u00fczide Han\u0131m, K\u00fcrdistan\u2019a d\u00f6nd\u00fcklerinde kad\u0131n ve k\u0131zlar\u0131n e\u011fitimi i\u00e7in kollar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131varlar. K\u0131zlar\u0131n e\u011fitimi i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan okulun m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6nce G\u00fczide Han\u0131m, sonra Zehra Han\u0131m yapar. Okulda \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapan ve \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131zlar\u0131n e\u011fitimine adayan Fatma Muhyettin, an\u0131lar\u0131nda Day\u00eek (Anne) adl\u0131 bir oyun sergilediklerini anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201cOkulu kapat\u0131p perdeleri a\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Fatma Muhyettin, S\u00fcleymaniye \u015fehrindeki kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bir hafta boyunca bu piyesi g\u00f6rmeye geldiklerini s\u00f6yler. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, erkek kesimin de be\u011fenisini al\u0131r. Bir g\u00fcn yolda y\u00fcr\u00fcrken birisinin s\u0131rt\u0131na hafif\u00e7e vurdu\u011funu belirten Fatma Muhyettin d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, zaman\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019da kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fcnl\u00fc K\u00fcrt \u015fairi P\u00eeremerd\u2019i g\u00f6r\u00fcr ve onun kendisini \u2018Aferin, y\u00fczlerce kez aferin! Bizi onurland\u0131rd\u0131n\u0131z\u2019 bi\u00e7iminde tebrik etti\u011fini s\u00f6yler.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(s. 62)<\/p>\n

\u0130lk kad\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olan K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan 27 y\u0131l sonra, 13 Mart 1946\u2019da \u0130ran K\u00fcrdistan\u0131\u2019nda Mahabad \u015fehrinde K\u00fcrdistan Demokratik Kad\u0131nlar Birli\u011fi kurulur. Derne\u011fin kurulu\u015fundan bir hafta \u00f6nce Mahabad K\u00fcrt Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ba\u015fkan\u0131 Qaz\u00ee Muhammed\u2019in e\u015fi Mine Han\u0131m taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir konferans d\u00fczenlenir. K\u00fcrt-Sovyet K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi\u2019nde yap\u0131lan ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6neticilerin e\u015flerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7ok say\u0131da kad\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretmen ve \u00f6\u011frencinin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu konferans, 8 Mart\u2019a denk getirilir. Bu, K\u00fcrdistan\u2019daki ilk Kad\u0131nlar G\u00fcn\u00fc kutlamas\u0131 say\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran\u2019da 1946\u2019da \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar, 1952\u2019de Irak\u2019ta K\u00fcrt Kad\u0131nlar Birli\u011fi ve 1977\u2019de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Devrimci Demokrat Kad\u0131nlar Derne\u011fi ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir araya gelir ve haklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterirler. Ezc\u00fcmle, 1919\u2019da K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti ile \u00e7al\u0131nan maya, K\u00fcrt toplumunda tutar. Zira \u0130stanbul\u2019da ilk ad\u0131m\u0131n at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden itibaren, K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 modern ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc m\u00fccadele, kimi zamanlar kesintiye u\u011frasa da bir s\u00fcreklilik kazan\u0131r, faaliyet sahalar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlenir ve farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalara ta\u015f\u0131narak yay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015faret fi\u015fe\u011fini K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti\u2019nin \u00e7akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 o m\u00fccadele bug\u00fcn de devam ediyor, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck talepleri tatmin edilmedik\u00e7e de duraca\u011fa benzemiyor.<\/p>\n

* Rohat Alakom,\u00a0K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti (1919)<\/em>, Avesta Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2019.<\/p>\n

Perspektif<\/em>, 24.04.2020<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.perspektif.online\/kurd-kadinlari-teali-cemiyeti-1919\/<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/serbestiyet.com\/featured\/kurd-kadinlari-teali-cemiyeti-1919-90387\/\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tarihte kurulan ilk K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n derne\u011fi olarak kabul edilen K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti, Osmanl\u0131\u2019daki di\u011fer kad\u0131n dernekleri gibi, aristokrat ailelerinden gelen kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulur. Babanzadeler, Bedirhaniler ve Cemilpa\u015fazadeler gibi sayg\u0131n aileler, siyasi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel sahada K\u00fcrt toplumunu derinden etkilerler. Cemiyet\u2019in ana gayesi, K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n entelekt\u00fcel d\u00fczeylerini geli\u015ftirmek, maddi durumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve toplumsal ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in onlara […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":68227,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68226","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nK\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti (1919) - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=68226\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti (1919) - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tarihte kurulan ilk K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n derne\u011fi olarak kabul edilen K\u00fcrd Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Te\u00e2li Cemiyeti, Osmanl\u0131\u2019daki di\u011fer kad\u0131n dernekleri gibi, aristokrat ailelerinden gelen kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulur. Babanzadeler, Bedirhaniler ve Cemilpa\u015fazadeler gibi sayg\u0131n aileler, siyasi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel sahada K\u00fcrt toplumunu derinden etkilerler. 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