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\u00dcmit Kurt<\/strong><\/p>\n Devlet, m\u00fclk devirlerini tamamlamak i\u00e7in 1920\u2019lerden itibaren, Gaziantep Belediyesi ve Gaziantep Defterdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla mezatlar d\u00fczenlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak mezatlar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00f6stermelik oluyor, birilerinin ganimetleri zimmetine ge\u00e7irmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor, bu s\u00fcreci resm\u00ee kisveye b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Hatta 1930\u2019dan 1935\u2019e kadar, bu s\u00f6zde al\u0131m sat\u0131m i\u015flemleri Gaziantep Gazetesi\u2019nde duyuruluyordu.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Ben F\u0131rat Nehri\u2019nin 56 kilometre bat\u0131s\u0131nda, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye-Suriye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n 45 kilometre kuzeyinde bulunan ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u2018Ay\u0131ntab\u2019 ad\u0131yla bilinen Gaziantep\u2019te, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015f\u0131 olarak d\u00fcnyaya geldim. \u00c7okdilli bir evde b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ancak yaln\u0131zca T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011fretilen bir \u00e7ocuk olarak, \u2018ezen ulus\u2019 modelinin canl\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fiydim; bu durum e\u011fitim hayat\u0131m boyunca b\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n Orta Do\u011fu Teknik \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden mezun olduktan sonra Ankara\u2019dan memlekete, anne ve babam\u0131n yan\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcm. Bunalt\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131caklar\u0131n bast\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, evde pinekleyerek ge\u00e7irdi\u011fim o g\u00fcnlerden birinde, telefonun sesiyle uykumdan uyand\u0131m. Arayan, eski bir arkada\u015f\u0131md\u0131. \u201cNerelerdesin \u00dcmit? Ka\u00e7 zaman oldu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmedik. Kayac\u0131k\u2019ta \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir yer var bildi\u011fim, gel, orada bulu\u015fup aray\u0131 kapatal\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n Antep\u2019te do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, hatta liseyi bitirene kadar Antep\u2019ten \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f olmama ra\u011fmen \u2018Kayac\u0131k\u2019 kelimesi bana hi\u00e7bir \u015fey ifade etmiyordu. \u015eehrin hi\u00e7 gitmedi\u011fim, hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey bilmedi\u011fim semtlerinden birinin ad\u0131yd\u0131 yaln\u0131zca. \u0130ki yan\u0131nda s\u0131ra s\u0131ra ta\u015f evlerin bulundu\u011fu, insan\u0131 her \u015feyin daha yal\u0131n oldu\u011fu zamanlara g\u00f6t\u00fcren, dar bir sokaktayd\u0131m. \u2018Modernle\u015fmi\u015f\u2019 Antep\u2019i istila eden y\u00fcksek, beton y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 apartmanlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f bu mahalle, geleneksel mimarisiyle bir serap gibiydi. Bana ait olmayan bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fin nostaljisine kap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.<\/p>\n Nihayet Papir\u00fcs Cafe\u2019yi buldum. O geleneksel binalardan birindeydi. Sokaktaki evlerin \u00e7o\u011fu gibi o da, \u015fehrin \u2018restorasyon\u2019u s\u00fcrecinde kafeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130\u00e7eri girerken, g\u00f6rkemli kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131na oyulmu\u015f birka\u00e7 harf tak\u0131ld\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcme. Bilmedi\u011fim bir yaz\u0131yd\u0131; Osmanl\u0131ca oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n \u0130\u00e7eride bir kez daha nutkum tutuldu. Geni\u015f bir avlu, iki yan\u0131nda merdivenlerle \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lan iki b\u00fcy\u00fck oda\u2026 Antika mobilyalar, Floransa\u2019daki katedrallerin tavanlar\u0131 gibi freskler ve kalem i\u015fleriyle s\u00fcslenmi\u015f y\u00fcksek tavanlar\u2026 Bir nevi tarih r\u00f6ntgencili\u011fiydi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m, ya\u015fayan bir m\u00fczeye ad\u0131m atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m \u00e2deta.<\/p>\n Memleketime ve atalar\u0131ma dair bir gurur hissiyle, binan\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fi hakk\u0131nda bir \u015feyler \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in sahibiyle konu\u015fmaya karar verdim. Niyetim, s\u00f6ze mek\u00e2n\u0131 \u00f6verek ba\u015flamakt\u0131 ama \u201cMerak ettim de, buray\u0131 kimden ald\u0131n\u0131z acaba? Sizden \u00f6nce kim varm\u0131\u015f burada?\u201d deyiverdim.<\/p>\n \u201cErmeniler varm\u0131\u015f buralarda\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130htiyatl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, binan\u0131n dedesinden miras olarak kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. O g\u00fcn orada i\u00e7ti\u011fim kahve epey sertti herh\u00e2lde; sorular\u0131mla biraz daha s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131m adam\u0131: \u201cPeki dedeniz kimden sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f buray\u0131?\u201d Biraz teredd\u00fct ettikten sonra, kafas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmadan, m\u0131r\u0131ldanarak \u201cErmeniler varm\u0131\u015f buralarda\u201d dedi. O \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131kla art arda sorular d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcverdi a\u011fz\u0131mdan: \u201cNe Ermeni\u2019si? Ne diyorsunuz? Ermeniler mi varm\u0131\u015f Gaziantep\u2019te?\u201d Kafas\u0131n\u0131 sallayarak onaylad\u0131 ama mu\u011flak cevaplar\u0131 sinirime dokunmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u201cE, ne olmu\u015f peki o insanlara? Nereye gitmi\u015fler?\u201d diye sordum bu kez. Umursamaz bir tav\u0131rla cevap verdi: \u201cGitmi\u015fler.\u201d<\/p>\n Otob\u00fcsle eve d\u00f6nerken, yol boyunca, Ermenilerin \u2013ya da herhangi birinin\u2013 bu kadar g\u00fczel bir m\u00fclk\u00fc nas\u0131l terk edip ba\u015fkalar\u0131na b\u0131rakabildi\u011fi sorusu d\u00f6n\u00fcp durdu zihnimde. Biraz naiftim \u2013 kendi memleketinde Ermenilerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bihaber, 22 ya\u015f\u0131nda, \u00fcniversite mezunu bir cahil\u2026<\/p>\n Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra, evin, Antep\u2019in en varl\u0131kl\u0131 ve \u00f6nde gelen ailesinin mensuplar\u0131ndan \u0130ran Fahri Konsolosu Nazar Nazaretyan\u2019a ait oldu\u011funu, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kendisinin, ard\u0131ndan o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n ve torunlar\u0131n\u0131n bu evde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendim. O harfler Osmanl\u0131ca de\u011fil Ermeniceydi; evi in\u015fa ettiren Kara Nazar A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n soyad\u0131 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 kap\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131na. Y\u0131llar sonra, ailenin en gen\u00e7 \u00fcyesi \u015eu\u015fan\u2019la da tan\u0131\u015fma \u015fans\u0131na da eri\u015fecektim. B\u00fcy\u00fckannesi 1915\u2019te, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, hen\u00fcz 1 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken tehcir edilmi\u015f olan \u015eu\u015fan Han\u0131m nezaket g\u00f6sterip, benimle Antep aksan\u0131yla T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015facakt\u0131.<\/p>\n O bina benim i\u00e7in art\u0131k Papir\u00fcs Cafe de\u011fil, Kara Nazar A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n, Nazaretyanlar\u0131n evi, b\u00fcy\u00fckanne \u015eu\u015fan\u2019\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu ev. \u201cHerkes iki\u015fer tane alacak\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Antep Harbi olarak da bilinen 1921-1922 T\u00fcrk-Frans\u0131z Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, bir \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131rtkan \u015fehri dola\u015f\u0131p, sava\u015fa kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerin Tuz Han\u0131\u2019na \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurur. E\u015fraftan Ali Be\u015fe de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok Antepli davete icabet eder. Bir adam, gelenlere iki\u015fer iki\u015fer i\u00e7eri al\u0131nacaklar\u0131n\u0131, buna uygun \u015fekilde s\u0131raya girmelerini s\u00f6yler. Be\u015fe, s\u0131ras\u0131 geldi\u011finde i\u00e7eri girer ve bir kilimin \u00fczerine konmu\u015f birtak\u0131m anahtarlar g\u00f6r\u00fcr. G\u00f6revli, emreder bir tonla \u201cHerkes iki\u015fer tane alacak\u201d der. Kilimin \u00fczerinde madalyonlar da vard\u0131r. Be\u015fe \u015f\u00f6yle bir bakar, \u201cBunun i\u00e7in mi kurtard\u0131k biz Antep\u2019i? \u0130ki anahtar, bir de teneke par\u00e7as\u0131 i\u00e7in mi? Eyvallah\u201d deyip \u00e7\u0131kar. Anla\u015f\u0131lan o ki, \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 hak etti\u011fi fikrindedir. Kilimin \u00fczerindekiler, metruk Ermeni evlerinin anahtarlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Be\u015fe, Ermenilerin tehciri ve m\u00fclklerinin tasfiye edilmesinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131. O d\u00f6nemde Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ba\u015f\u0131nda olan \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019yle ve \u0130stanbul\u2019un siyasi se\u00e7kinleriyle yak\u0131n temas h\u00e2lindeydi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn de g\u00fcvenini kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda ve cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde n\u00fcfuzunu korudu. Hen\u00fcz emekleme a\u015famas\u0131ndaki ulus devletin Gaziantep\u2019te bir giri\u015fimci s\u0131n\u0131f olu\u015fturma \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n 1922\u2019den 1928\u2019e kadar, Ermenilere ait evlerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 hay\u0131r i\u015fleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131; devlet ve Antep Belediyesi taraf\u0131ndan, T\u00fcrk-Frans\u0131z Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda meskenlerini kaybeden M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ailelere, bedelsiz olarak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Bir Anteplinin anlat\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, bu yoksul ailelere k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya da bak\u0131ms\u0131z evler verilmi\u015fti. 15 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken Antep\u2019ten ayr\u0131lmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131p ailesiyle birlikte Halep\u2019e yerle\u015fen Harutyun Nazaryan\u2019\u0131n babas\u0131na ait olan ev de, 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu \u015fekilde el de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Nazaryan, an\u0131lar\u0131nda olay\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor:<\/p>\n \u201cBiz evden ayr\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce, sabah\u0131n erken saatlerinde, bir devlet memuru, yan\u0131nda iki kad\u0131nla birlikte avlumuza girdi. Adam dedi ki, \u2018Siz Ay\u0131ntab\u2019\u0131 terk etmekte oldu\u011funuzdan, bu han\u0131mlar\u0131n evleri de muharebeler ve bombard\u0131man esnas\u0131nda y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan, ayr\u0131ca devlet ve yerel idare Ay\u0131ntab\u2019dan ayr\u0131lman\u0131za m\u00fcsaade etmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan, sizin evinize de, di\u011fer bo\u015f evlere de ba\u015fkalar\u0131 yerle\u015fecek.\u2019 Kad\u0131nlara, harap olan evlerinin ka\u00e7 odal\u0131 oldu\u011funu da sordu. Bu \u015fekilde, evimiz i\u015fgal edilen evler listesine kaydedildi.\u201d<\/p>\n Geri kalan m\u00fclkler de yeniden isk\u00e2n edilen yeni g\u00f6\u00e7menler aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Sava\u015f\u0131 takip eden birka\u00e7 y\u0131l boyunca, Ermenilerin metruk evlerine ve arazilerine g\u00f6\u00e7menler ve muhacirlerin yerle\u015ftirilmesine devam edildi. 17 A\u011fustos 1924\u2019te M\u00fcb\u00e2dele, \u0130mar ve \u0130sk\u00e2n Vek\u00e2leti \u0130sk\u00e2n \u015eubesi taraf\u0131ndan Gaziantep Valili\u011fi\u2019ne \u00e7ekilen telgrafta, vilayette daha \u00f6nce 19.500 Ermeni\u2019nin mukim oldu\u011fu, bu n\u00fcfusun oradan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan onlara ait evler ve arazilerde \u00e7ok say\u0131da muhacirin bar\u0131nabilece\u011fi bildiriliyor, muhacir ailelerin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na uygun \u015fekilde s\u00f6z konusu m\u00fclklere yerle\u015ftirilmesi emrediliyordu. Ermenilere ait araziler ve meskenlerin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6\u00e7menlere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ta 1928\u2019e kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Kars\u2019tan g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Hasan Efendi\u2019nin Gaziantep\u2019e yerle\u015fmek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvuru, 3 Kas\u0131m 1925\u2019te D\u00e2hiliye Vek\u00e2leti taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmi\u015f ve 7 Kas\u0131m\u2019da, Valili\u011fe, eldeki metruk m\u00fclklerden birinin Hasan Efendi ve ailesine mesken olarak verilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde talimat yollanm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n Mezatlar d\u00fczenlenir<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00fcrk-Frans\u0131z Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan, yerel e\u015fraf, Ermenilere ait b\u00fcy\u00fck evleri f\u00fctursuzca ya\u011fmalad\u0131. Garuc Karamanukyan\u2019\u0131n kona\u011f\u0131na, 1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ali Api\u2019nin eline ge\u00e7ti. Birka\u00e7 kez el de\u011fi\u015ftiren konak 1985\u2019te Antepli i\u015f insan\u0131 Hasan S\u00fczer taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131p restore ettirildi; daha sonra, Hasan S\u00fczer Etno\u011frafya M\u00fczesi olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na ba\u011f\u0131\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n Devlet organlar\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 ki\u015filer de, konumlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak durumdan faydalanabiliyorlard\u0131. Antep Merkez Komitesi mensuplar\u0131 ve Kuv\u00e2-yi Milliye\u2019nin finans\u00f6rlerinden Ahmed Hur\u015fid Bey ve Nuri Patpatz\u00e2de, baz\u0131 Ermeni m\u00fclklerine el koydu. Ahmet Hur\u015fid Bey, 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda sahiplendi\u011fi, Pirenyan\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck evi i\u00e7in sonradan, bir mezatta sembolik bir para \u00f6dedi. Patpatz\u00e2de ise 1923\u2019te Hagop Bezciyan ve Harutyun A\u011fyan\u2019\u0131n evlerini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n Devlet, m\u00fclk devirlerini tamamlamak i\u00e7in 1920\u2019lerden itibaren, Gaziantep Belediyesi ve Gaziantep Defterdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla mezatlar d\u00fczenlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak mezatlar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00f6stermelik oluyor, birilerinin ganimetleri zimmetine ge\u00e7irmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor, bu s\u00fcreci resm\u00ee kisveye b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Hatta 1930\u2019dan 1935\u2019e kadar, bu s\u00f6zde al\u0131m sat\u0131m i\u015flemleri Gaziantep Gazetesi\u2019nde duyuruluyordu. \u0130lanlarda m\u00fclk adedi, sat\u0131\u015f tarihi, saati, m\u00fclk\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k konumu, t\u00fcr\u00fc, lira cinsinden de\u011feri ve en \u00f6nemlisi, \u00f6nceki sahibi belirtiliyor, ancak al\u0131c\u0131lara dair herhangi bir bilgi verilmiyordu. Bu mezatlarda, \u00f6rne\u011fin, 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Hanna K\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcyan\u2019\u0131n 250 lira de\u011fer bi\u00e7ilen arsas\u0131 30 liraya; Avedis Nacaryan\u2019\u0131n 60 lira de\u011fer bi\u00e7ilen arsas\u0131 10 liraya; 1935 y\u0131l\u0131nda Zenop Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n 216 lira de\u011fer bi\u00e7ilen d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 150 liraya; Abraham Babikyan\u2019\u0131n ger\u00e7ek de\u011feri \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek olan \u00fcz\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131 15 liraya sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n B\u00f6lge e\u015fraf\u0131ndan baz\u0131 ki\u015filer, metruk m\u00fclklerin fiyat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in i\u015fbirli\u011fi yaparak, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn se\u00e7kin ailelerinin bir\u00e7o\u011funun bunlar\u0131 komik fiyatlara sat\u0131n al\u0131p servetlerini b\u00fcy\u00fctmesine olanak sa\u011flad\u0131. Mezatla sat\u0131lan m\u00fclklerin al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olan Daiz\u00e2de Mahmut\u2019un hik\u00e2yesi dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Antep\u2019in \u00f6nde gelen varl\u0131kl\u0131 ailelerinden birine mensup olan Daiz\u00e2de Mahmut, 1921\u20131924 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Gaziantep Ticaret Odas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. 1923\u2019te Gaziantep Belediyesi\u2019nin sat\u0131\u015fa sundu\u011fu, Garabed Nazaretyan\u2019a ait evi o sat\u0131n ald\u0131. Nazaretyan o tarihte art\u0131k hayatta de\u011fildi, ancak \u0130ran vatanda\u015f\u0131 olan k\u0131zlar\u0131, bu sat\u0131\u015fa \u0130ran El\u00e7ili\u011fi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla resm\u00ee olarak itiraz etti. Bunun \u00fczerine el\u00e7ilik, 5 \u015eubat 1923\u2019tei Hariciye Komiserli\u011fi \u0130stanbul \u015eubesi\u2019ne sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u00f6zl\u00fc bir talep iletti. Sat\u0131\u015f prosed\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yasalara ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funun ve m\u00fclk\u00fcn ger\u00e7ek sahiplerine iade edilmesi gerekti\u011finin de belirtildi\u011fi bu talep daha sonra Hariciye Vek\u00e2leti\u2019ne iletildi ancak sonu\u00e7 al\u0131namad\u0131. \u0130tiraza ra\u011fmen sat\u0131\u015f i\u015flemi tamamland\u0131.<\/p>\n Eskiden Nazaretyan ailesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Daiz\u00e2de Mahmut, varl\u0131kl\u0131 bir t\u00fcccar oldu ve konak 1965\u2019te jandarma karakolu olarak kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere askeriyeye ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanana kadar orada ya\u015fad\u0131. Daiz\u00e2de ailesi, 1967 y\u0131l\u0131nda askeriyenin bo\u015faltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 evi \u015fimdiki sahibi, toptanc\u0131 ve emlak\u00e7\u0131 Abd\u00fclkadir Kimyaz\u00e2de\u2019ye (bug\u00fcn \u2018Kimya\u2019 soyad\u0131yla biliniyor) satt\u0131. Bina 1980\u2019lere kadar mesken, depo ve kurutma odas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131; 1990\u2019larda ise, Kimya ailesi taraf\u0131ndan, y\u0131k\u0131k d\u00f6k\u00fck h\u00e2liyle kiraya verildi. 2000\u2019lerin ilk on y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda kadar yurt olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra restore edilen ve Kimya ailesine mensup sekiz sahibi olan bina, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Papir\u00fcs Cafe\u2019ye ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Daiz\u00e2de Mahmut, Nazaretyan\u2019\u0131n Antep\u2019teki ba\u015fka m\u00fclklerini de sat\u0131n ald\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin, sonradan B\u00fcy\u00fck Pasaj olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve h\u00e2len \u015fehrin merkezinde bulunan Kara Nazar Han\u0131, devlet m\u00fclk\u00fc olarak Gaziantep Defterdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na aktar\u0131ld\u0131 ve nominal fiyat\u0131yla Mahmut Daiz\u00e2de\u2019ye sat\u0131ld\u0131. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra, 1934\u2019te d\u00fczenlenen bir mezatta, Mahmut Daiz\u00e2de\u2019nin o\u011flu \u0130hsan Dai, \u015fehrin Ermeni n\u00fcfusunun \u00f6nde gelen isimlerinden Sarkis Kracyan\u2019\u0131n evini sat\u0131n ald\u0131. Atanagan Okulu ne oldu?<\/strong><\/p>\n Bir ba\u015fka \u00f6rnek de, Ermenilerin \u015fehri terk etmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Mill\u00ee Emlak\u2019a devredilen Atenagan Okulu ve Surp Bedros (\u0130kinci Katolik) Kilisesi\u2019nin binalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu binalar 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u00f6zel emriyle Veli\u00e7 \u0130plik ve Dokuma Fabrikas\u0131\u2019na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp, \u015fehirde bir giri\u015fimci ve kapitalist s\u0131n\u0131f yaratma \u00e7abalar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda, gen\u00e7 bir Antepli olan Cemil Alevli\u2019ye verilecekti.<\/p>\n \u2018Sosyal sermayesi\u2019 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bat\u0131l\u0131 e\u011fitim, \u2018risk sermayedar\u0131\u2019 ise Atat\u00fcrk olan Alevli, Antep\u2019in Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemindeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck tekstilcisi h\u00e2line geldi. Tekstil i\u015fini Ermenilerden \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fini gizlemeyip, \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle ifade etti: \u201c\u00c7ocuklu\u011fumdan beri, okula gidip gelirken, mahallemizdeki Ermenilerin dokuma tezg\u00e2hlar\u0131nda saatlerce \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Ermeni dokumac\u0131lar\u0131n k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, sar\u0131, ye\u015fil, mavi ve beyaz\u0131n farkl\u0131 tonlar\u0131ndaki iplikleri bir araya getirerek muhte\u015fem kuma\u015flar yaratmalar\u0131n\u0131 hayranl\u0131kla izlerdim.\u201d<\/p>\n Gaziantep\u2019te tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn kurucusu olarak bilinen Alevli, sonralar\u0131 CHP\u2019ye girdi ve 1941\u2019den 1946\u2019ya kadar partinin Gaziantep \u0130l Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, 1946\u20131950 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda CHP milletvekili olarak Meclis\u2019te g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131. Fabrikas\u0131, 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda restore edildikten sonra resm\u00ee olarak \u00d6mer Ersoy K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. \u00d6mer ve Mahmut Ersoy karde\u015fler de Ermenilerden kalan binalar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015f, \u00f6nceden Ermenilerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tepeba\u015f\u0131 mahallesinde \u2018Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131z\u00e2deler Mahmut and \u00d6mer Mensucat\u2019 ad\u0131yla bir y\u00fcn fabrikas\u0131 kurup 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcretime ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Do\u011fma b\u00fcy\u00fcme Antepli ve \u015fehrin tarihini ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f biri olarak, Ermenilerin, eskiden kom\u015fular\u0131 olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar taraf\u0131ndan fiziksel ve maddi olarak yok edili\u015finin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na v\u00e2k\u0131f\u0131m. Anlatt\u0131klar\u0131m, yerel tarihin \u00f6tesinde, genel olarak Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n tarihine dair de fikir verebilir.<\/p>\n Hayatta kalan Ermenilerin, ya\u015famlar\u0131na, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine, varl\u0131klar\u0131na ve sosyal stat\u00fclerine y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar nedeniyle ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 travma ve ac\u0131lar, ar\u015fivlerdeki mektuplarda, telgraflarda ve m\u00fclk listelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclemiyor. Eski kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131n bencil, ahlakd\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u2018temel g\u00fcd\u00fcler\u2019iyle a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 onulmaz yaralar, y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir h\u00e2l\u00e2 kan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\nArkada\u015f\u0131m \u201cPapir\u00fcs Cafe\u2019de bulu\u015fal\u0131m\u201d deyip bana yol tarifi verdi. Kayac\u0131k\u2019a giden bir belediye otob\u00fcs\u00fcne bindim. Otob\u00fcsten indi\u011fimde i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm atmosfer beni \u00f6ylesine b\u00fcy\u00fcledi ki, zavall\u0131 arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bekletme pahas\u0131na, yan sokaklarda dola\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. Afallam\u0131\u015ft\u0131m; \u201cNeredeyim ben? Neresi buras\u0131?\u201d diye soruyordum kendime.<\/p>\n
\n\u201cMal sahibi, m\u00fclk sahibi, hani bunun ilk sahibi?\u201d diye bir s\u00f6z vard\u0131r. Antepli Ermeniler evlerinden, mahallelerinden ve do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fckleri \u015fehirden s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp at\u0131ld\u0131. Sahip olduklar\u0131 maddi ve mek\u00e2nsal varl\u0131klar el de\u011fi\u015ftirdi ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu kamula\u015ft\u0131rma, Ermenilerin m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirilmesi s\u00fcreciyle, benim \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumun ge\u00e7ti\u011fi homojen T\u00fcrk \u015fehri olu\u015ftu. Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn varl\u0131kl\u0131 ailelerinin servetleri, Ermeniler soyularak ve bir\u00e7ok durumda kom\u015fular katledilerek edinildi. Hem ta\u015fa kaz\u0131nan, hem de kanla yaz\u0131lan bu fahi\u015f pazarl\u0131k, T\u00fcrk toplumunun hi\u00e7 de sa\u011flam olmayan temellerini olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n
\nDr. Avedis Cebeciyan\u2019a ait bir evin m\u00fclkiyetini, Antep\u2019in en varl\u0131kl\u0131 sanayici ailesi olan Konuko\u011fullar\u0131 ald\u0131. Ailenin 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda Gaziantep B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019ne ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ev, iki y\u0131l sonra Gaziantep Atat\u00fcrk An\u0131 M\u00fczesi olarak halka a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Nazaretyanlar\u0131n evlerinden biri, 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda Konuko\u011flu Vakf\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bug\u00fcn \u2018Anadolu Evleri\u2019 ad\u0131yla hizmet veren butik otel, 1915\u2019e kadar Hagop Aslanyan\u2019\u0131n ailesine aitti.<\/p>\n