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T\u00fcrkiye\u00b4nin k\u0131sa antisemitizm tarih\u00e7esinde kimi zaman \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren olaylarla sonu\u00e7lanan \u00b4\u00f6teki\u00b4 d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hem tarihsel hem toplumsal k\u00f6kenlerin incelerken, bu y\u00f6ndeki ki\u015fisel tarihimi de payla\u015fmak istiyorum.\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Erdo\u011fan M\u0130TRAN\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Varl\u0131k Vergisi\u2019nden sonra, \u00f6zellikle Milli \u015eef d\u00f6nemini sona ermesinin ve \u00e7ok partili sisteme ge\u00e7ilmesinin getirdi\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc ortamda T\u00fcrk Yahudileri on sorunsuz y\u0131l ge\u00e7irir.<\/p>\n 1955\u2019te kamuoyu g\u00fcndemine\u00a0K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrklerine<\/a>\u00a0yap\u0131lan bask\u0131lar oturur.\u00a0K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk\u2019t\u00fcr Derne\u011fi<\/a>nin\u00a0\u201cYa Taksim Ya \u00d6l\u00fcm\u201d<\/em>\u00a0sloganlar\u0131 ses getirmeye ba\u015flar; eyl\u00fcl ba\u015flar\u0131nda,\u00a0\u0130stanbul<\/a>\u2018daki Rum az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n toplad\u0131klar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019taki\u00a0ENOS\u0130S<\/a>\u00a0\u00e7etelerine g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi iddia edilir, ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde Taksim\u2019de Yunan gazeteleri yak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n 6 Eyl\u00fcl 1955\u2019te radyoda 13.00 b\u00fclteninde\u00a0Atat\u00fcrk<\/strong>\u2018\u00fcn Selanik\u2019teki evinde bomba patlamas\u0131yla ilgili haber yay\u0131mlan\u0131r. DP yanl\u0131s\u0131 \u0130stanbul Ekspres gazetesi\u00a0\u201cAtam\u0131z\u0131n evi bombaland\u0131\u201d<\/em>\u00a0man\u015fetiyle ikinci bask\u0131 yapar. Ayn\u0131 bask\u0131da\u00a0K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk\u2019t\u00fcr Derne\u011fi<\/a>\u00a0Genel Sekreteri\u00a0K\u00e2mil \u00d6nal<\/strong>\u00a0\u201cMukaddesata el uzatanlara bunu \u00e7ok pahal\u0131ya \u00f6detece\u011fiz, \u00f6detece\u011fimizi alenen s\u00f6ylemekte de bir mahzur g\u00f6rm\u00fcyoruz\u201d<\/em>\u00a0diye yazar. Normal tiraj\u0131 20 bin civar\u0131nda olan \u0130stanbul Ekspres\u2019in 290 bin bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 gazete,\u00a0dernek \u00fcyelerince<\/a>\u00a0b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00a0\u0130stanbul<\/a>\u2019da halk\u0131 galeyana getirmek amac\u0131yla da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Derne\u011fin \u00f6nayak olmas\u0131, di\u011fer gen\u00e7lik \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, meslek kurulu\u015flar\u0131,\u00a0DP<\/a>\u00a0te\u015fkilat\u0131, baz\u0131 resmi ve gayri resm\u00ee makamlar\u0131n telkin ve te\u015fvikiyle o ak\u015fam benzersiz bir ya\u011fma ve y\u0131k\u0131m eylemi ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n \u0130leri tarihlerde resm\u00ee s\u00f6ylem olay\u0131n, bomba haberi dahil, manip\u00fclasyon oldu\u011funu kabullenerek eylemlerde halk\u0131n medya yoluyla \u015fi\u015firilerek galeyana getirildi\u011fini iddia eder. Ancak, iddia edildi\u011fi gibi, sald\u0131rganlar \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir g\u00fcruh de\u011fil, organize \u00fc\u00e7 gruptan olu\u015fmu\u015f bir tak\u0131md\u0131r: \u00d6nde slogan atan gen\u00e7ler; arkalar\u0131nda, sonras\u0131nda kamyonlarla kent d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan getirildikleri tespit edilen, ellerinde bir \u00f6rnek demir \u00e7ubuklarla sald\u0131rgan kitlesi, en arkada da aralar\u0131nda iyi giyimli han\u0131mlar\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu ya\u011fma ve talan grubu. Gayrim\u00fcslim ev ve i\u015fyerlerinin bir g\u00fcn \u00f6nceden i\u015faretlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131, askeriyenin olaylara seyirci kalmas\u0131 da ya\u015fananlar\u0131n planl\u0131 bir sald\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu ortaya koyar.<\/p>\n 6 Eyl\u00fcl ak\u015fam\u0131 ba\u015flay\u0131p ertesi g\u00fcn s\u00fcren olaylarda ipin ucu ka\u00e7ar; sadece Rumlar\u0131n de\u011fil b\u00fct\u00fcn gayrim\u00fcslim i\u015f yerlerinin ve evlerinin hunharca tahrip edildi\u011fi barbarca bir eyleme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Bununla da kal\u0131nmaz, olaylar bedensel vah\u015fet \u00fczerinden fiilen bir pogroma evrilir. Kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6re 75 kilise, yedi ayazma, iki manast\u0131r, \u00e7ok say\u0131da mezar, yakla\u015f\u0131k 6000 i\u015fyeri, say\u0131s\u0131 belli olmayan ev tahribat ve ya\u011fmaya u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00e7ok say\u0131da kad\u0131n\u0131n tecav\u00fcze u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir papaz\u0131n zorla s\u00fcnnet edildi\u011fi de resmen kabul edilenler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bu \u015fiddetin bilan\u00e7osunun \u00e7ok daha vahim boyutlara eri\u015fme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu, ancak olaylar s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u201conlar bizden\u201d diyerek bir\u00e7ok gayrim\u00fcslimin ev ve i\u015fyerlerinin ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131n\u0131, yaralanma, tecav\u00fcz ve hatta hayati tehlike boyutuna ula\u015fabilecek bedensel sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 engellemi\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirtelim.<\/p>\n M\u00fcnferit olaylar<\/strong><\/p>\n M\u00fcteakip y\u0131llarda ciddi ve organize antisemit olaylar ya\u015fanmaz. Kitlesel olmasa da m\u00fcnferit, ama \u00f6nemli baz\u0131\u00a0olaylar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. A\u011fustos 2003\u2019te di\u015f hekimi\u00a0Yasef Yahya<\/strong>\u00a0bir ter\u00f6r \u00e7etesince Yahudi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in katledilir; 15 Kas\u0131m 2003\u2019te uluslararas\u0131 bir ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fczenledi\u011fi suikastta \u015ei\u015fli Beth \u0130srael ve Kuledibi\u2019ndeki Neve \u015ealom sinagoglar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bomba y\u00fckl\u00fc iki kamyonet infilak eder; alt\u0131s\u0131 Yahudi 25 ki\u015fi \u00f6l\u00fcr, 300\u2019den fazla ki\u015fi yaralan\u0131r. Gerek bu olaylarda gerek m\u00fcnferit antisemit davran\u0131\u015flarda d\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131\u00a0Tayyip Erdo\u011fan<\/strong>, sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 lanetler, uluslararas\u0131 ter\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131 ortak m\u00fccadele platformu olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtir.<\/p>\n \u0130srail-Filistin \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de geli\u015fen \u0130srail kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 atmosfer, \u0130srail ile T\u00fcrk Yahudileri aras\u0131nda ay\u0131r\u0131m yapamayan bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 tepkisine sebep olur. Bu \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun, T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 olan, do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fckleri bu \u00fclkeyi kendi vatanlar\u0131 bilen T\u00fcrk Yahudilerini iyi tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla Filistin-\u0130srail konusunu da derinlemesine bilmedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek yetmez. Biz T\u00fcrk Yahudilerinin toplumun her kesimine a\u00e7\u0131larak, ula\u015farak kendimizi tan\u0131tmam\u0131z \u015fartt\u0131r. Tan\u0131tmak derken do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst ileti\u015fim kurmak bile senin \u2018\u00f6teki\u2019 de\u011fil, \u2018onun gibi biri\u2019 oldu\u011funu anlatmaya yeterli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ki\u015fisel tarih\u00e7em<\/strong><\/p>\n Buraya kadar\u0131n\u0131 internette ula\u015f\u0131labilen T\u00fcrk\u00e7e metinlerden al\u0131nt\u0131layarak haz\u0131rlad\u0131m. Bu noktadan itibaren bir T\u00fcrk Yahudi\u2019si olarak olaylara bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ki\u015fisel tarihimden al\u0131nt\u0131larla payla\u015fmak istiyorum.<\/p>\n B\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fckbabamlar ve dedemler Edirne\u2019den \u00c7orlu\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7t\u00fcklerine g\u00f6re, k\u00f6ken olarak Trakya Yahudi\u2019siyim. Hayat\u0131mda tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kad\u0131n babaannem Camila Mitrani gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta dul kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00c7orlu\u2019da var\u0131n\u0131 yo\u011funu satar, 13 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu Robert, bir-iki ya\u015f farkla Nisim ve Leon, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131z\u0131 Emili, karn\u0131nda tekne kaz\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 S\u00fcleyman ve \u00e7antas\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir miktar parayla 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelir. Yani Trakyal\u0131 ama, Trakya Olaylar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla haberi bile olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 4. Vak\u0131f Han\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir daire tutmu\u015f, evinde Anadolu\u2019dan \u00fcniversite okumaya gelen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman gen\u00e7lere bir ba\u015f\u0131na pansiyon i\u015fleterek hem ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f hem de \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmi\u015f. Bir ba\u015f\u0131na dedim \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6nceli\u011fi \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ona yard\u0131m etmeleri de\u011fil do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmeleriymi\u015f. Bunu da ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f; babamla b\u00fcy\u00fck amcam Nisim Alman Lisesini, halam Saint-Benoit Orta Okulunu bitirmi\u015f, gelece\u011fini f\u0131rsatlar \u00fclkesinde aramak isteyen Leon\u2019u Amerika\u2019ya vapur paras\u0131yla bir miktar har\u00e7l\u0131k vererek yollam\u0131\u015f. En k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck amcam da Galatasaray Lisesinden mezun olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n Sonu\u00e7ta T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin \u00e7ok d\u00fczg\u00fcn konu\u015fuldu\u011fu bir ailede do\u011fdum. 11 ayl\u0131kken annemi kaybetti\u011fimden, babam, babaannem ve dul halam taraf\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fcm. Evde b\u00fcy\u00fckler, aralar\u0131nda \u0130spanyolca konu\u015fsa da benimle hep T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fulurdu. 7-8 ya\u015flar\u0131ndayken kaybetti\u011fim babaannem bile, y\u0131llarca \u00fcniversitelilere hizmet verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, \u015fiveli ama do\u011fru T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015furdu. Ailecek iyi bir e\u011fitim almam istendi\u011finden ilkokulu \u015ei\u015fli Terakki\u2019de, orta ve liseyi Saint-Michel\u2019de okudum.<\/p>\n Fiilen ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f olsam da Nafia Askerleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir an\u0131m var. Annem 1941\u2019de hamileyken babam malum, yeniden asker. Annem, \u00fcst kat\u0131m\u0131zda ya\u015fayan, iyi kom\u015fuluk ili\u015fkileri olan albaya gidip neredeyse do\u011furmak \u00fczere oldu\u011funu, do\u011fumda yan\u0131nda olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kocas\u0131na izin almas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sormu\u015f. Albay da \u201cAl\u0131r\u0131m ama bir \u015fartla\u201d demi\u015f. \u201c\u00c7ocu\u011fun ad\u0131n\u0131 ben koyaca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d B\u00f6ylece babam do\u011fuma gelebilmi\u015f, benim ad\u0131m da Erdo\u011fan olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n Babam, annemin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra bir daha evlenmedi ama, yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 ve \u00e7ekici biri olarak epey ili\u015fkisi oldu\u011funu halamdan \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015fli\u011fim var. E\u011fitimli, k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc, ho\u015fsohbet bir adamd\u0131. Sert ve otoriter de\u011fildi, yol g\u00f6sterici a\u011fabey gibi davran\u0131rd\u0131. Pek \u00e7ok konuda laflasak da benimle siyasete hemen hi\u00e7 girmezdi. Hatta halam, nefret etti\u011fi \u201cel sodro \/ sa\u011f\u0131r\u201d diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0\u0130smet Pa\u015fa<\/strong>\u2019ya lanet okudu\u011funda ona k\u0131zg\u0131n k\u0131zg\u0131n bakard\u0131.<\/p>\n Halam, anlam veremedi\u011fim bu nefretinin nedenini orta okula ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131mda a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Varl\u0131k Vergisini, ailece be\u015f paras\u0131z kal\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, amcalar\u0131m\u0131n insan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00e7abalarla s\u0131f\u0131rdan ba\u015flay\u0131p yeniden konforlu bir ya\u015fam kurmay\u0131 ba\u015farmalar\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n Kirada da otursak Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 gibi nezih bir semtte, kaloriferi ve haftada iki kez s\u0131cak suyu olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir dairede ya\u015fayan, \u00fcst-orta s\u0131n\u0131f ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fcren bir ailenin, \u015f\u0131mart\u0131lmasa da genelde ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ocu\u011fu olarak, fukaral\u0131\u011f\u0131, insanlar\u0131n haks\u0131z olarak buna s\u00fcr\u00fcklendi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmek ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131n ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015foklar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn bir\u00e7ok sayg\u0131n ayd\u0131n\u0131 ve entelekt\u00fcel yazar\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 resmi gerek\u00e7esine dayanarak, d\u00f6nemin y\u00f6netimini hakl\u0131 bulmakta \u0131srar ederler. Bilgili ve e\u011fitimli insanlar\u0131n\u00a0<\/strong>Saraco\u011flu\u2019nun bas\u0131na kapal\u0131 CHP toplant\u0131s\u0131nda vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 as\u0131l sebepten haberdar olmad\u0131klar\u0131na inanmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir ki ben de al\u0131nt\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f konu\u015fma metnini gizli belgelerden de\u011fil Vikipedi\u2019den ald\u0131m. Ama sorun, sava\u015fan bir d\u00fcnyada, ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 \u00e7ekilen bir d\u00f6nemde varl\u0131kl\u0131 kesimden bir destek vergisi tahsil edilmesi de\u011fil; sorun verginin as\u0131l gerek\u00e7esinde, uygulamadaki \u00fcrk\u00fcn\u00e7 ay\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131kta, haks\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n ve ay\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tahsil\u00e2tlarda sistematik olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde ve bunun bir s\u00fcrg\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esi olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Durum herkesin ula\u015fabilece\u011fi belgelerle tescil edilmi\u015fken Varl\u0131k Vergisi ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na arka \u00e7\u0131kman\u0131n en az\u0131ndan suiniyet oldu\u011fu kanaatindeyim.<\/p>\n Verginin \u201cpara ve servet onlarda, bunlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek halk\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mesi gerekir\u201d olan as\u0131l amac\u0131n\u0131n, Nazi s\u00f6ylemiyle t\u0131pat\u0131p uyu\u015fmas\u0131 bir yana, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyet\u2019inin neredeyse 20. kurulu\u015f y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fbakan\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131klar i\u00e7in \u2018yabanc\u0131\u2019 ifadesini kullanabilmesi, T\u00fcrk olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmesi utan\u00e7 vericidir. Ayr\u0131ca, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn millet kavram\u0131 ve laiklik ilkelerine kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f anayasal bir su\u00e7tur.<\/p>\n Genelde yazlar\u0131 ailecek o zamanlar \u015fehrin \u00f6b\u00fcr ucunda kalan Suadiye\u2019ye yazl\u0131\u011fa giderdik. Rum, Ermeni, Yahudi ya da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduklar\u0131n\u0131n laf\u0131 bile ge\u00e7meyen, herkesin birbirine sayg\u0131 ve sevgiyle ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131, bug\u00fcn torunlar\u0131ma anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131mda masals\u0131 ve \u00fctopik bir \u00f6yk\u00fc gibi dinledikleri bir ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131. Bir 7 Eyl\u00fcl sabah\u0131 \u201cinan\u0131lmaz olaylar olmu\u015f\u201d diye gelen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kar\u015f\u0131 kom\u015fumuzun otomobiliyle Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\u2019e gitti\u011fimizde, sava\u015ftan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f gibi duran bir \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya girdik. 14 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir yeniyetme olarak, g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerime inanmadan, inansam da anlamadan, bir bilimkurgu filmini izler gibi r\u00fcyada gibi dolan\u0131rken, vitrin camlar\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00fc\u00e7 koltu\u011fu parampar\u00e7a bir berber d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne geldik. Bizi getiren abi d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde tabureye oturmu\u015f, bo\u015f bo\u015f bakan adama, \u201cYorgo, iyi misin?\u201d diyerek sar\u0131ld\u0131 ve a\u011flamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. O anda izledi\u011fimin r\u00fcya de\u011fil, \u00fcrk\u00fcn\u00e7 bir karabasan oldu\u011funu anlad\u0131m.<\/p>\n Bir ayakkab\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131 imalathanesi sahibi babam, liseden mezun oldu\u011fumda onunla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131 beklerken, \u00fcniversite okumaya niyetli oldu\u011fumu duyunca epey \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131 ama, her zamanki gibi \u201csen bilirsin\u201d dedi. Hi\u00e7bir zaman, hi\u00e7bir yerde, hi\u00e7 kimseden Yahudi oldu\u011funu gizlememi\u015f biri olarak Teknik \u00dcniversite y\u0131llar\u0131mda \u00e7o\u011funlukla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman arkada\u015flar\u0131m\u0131n ay\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmedim. Asl\u0131nda, okulun ilk haftas\u0131nda, \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrk\u00e7esinin bulu\u015fturdu\u011fu biri Yahudi, ikisi Rum, dokuzu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman 12 ki\u015fi, be\u015f sene boyunca hi\u00e7 ayr\u0131lmayan s\u0131k\u0131 bir grup kurmu\u015f ve kendimizi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu Anadolu k\u00f6kenli kalan 170 \u00f6\u011frencisinden bir miktar soyutlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Hepsi de zeki ve arkada\u015f canl\u0131s\u0131 bu \u00e7ocuklardan tabii ki uzak durmad\u0131k; T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi bizim kadar d\u00fczg\u00fcn konu\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in onlar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsemedik ama itiraf etmem gerekir ki, bilin\u00e7alt\u0131m\u0131zda onlar\u0131 bir miktar \u00f6tekile\u015ftirdik.<\/p>\n \u00dcniversite y\u0131llar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n O y\u0131llarda bir ba\u015fka ay\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k hik\u00e2yem var; evi Ta\u015fk\u0131\u015fla\u2019ya y\u00fcr\u00fcme mesafesindeki tek ki\u015fi oldu\u011fum i\u00e7in, yak\u0131n arkada\u015flar\u0131m ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in s\u0131k s\u0131k bize gelirdi. Halac\u0131\u011f\u0131m da sistemi kapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131; evde her ak\u015fam 8-10 ki\u015fiyi doyuracak kumanya bulundururdu. Bu durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle okula uzak semtlerde oturan arkada\u015flardan bir\u00e7o\u011fu, hafta sonu ve tatillerde \u0131srarla evlerine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lard\u0131. B\u00f6ylece okul d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda samimi dostluklar kurdu\u011fum birka\u00e7 arkada\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131. Okula ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00fcnlerde tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m, \u00e7ok iyi anla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m Ersin de onlardan biriydi. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131fa gelmi\u015ftik, okulda iyi ili\u015fkilerim olan, ancak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 samimi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir arkada\u015f ders aras\u0131nda yan\u0131ma gelerek \u00f6zel bir \u015fey konu\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. \u201cSen Ersin\u2019le \u00e7ok samimisin. Okul d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor musun?\u201d diye sordu. Ben \u201cTabii ki\u201d deyince \u201cAman evine gitme, onlar Alev\u00ee ne yemeklerini ye ne de sular\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7\u201d dedi. \u201cSana su getirirken barda\u011fa parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sokar\u201d diye ekleyince g\u00fclmeye ba\u015flad\u0131m. Sinirlenip \u201cSalak, anlamad\u0131n galiba, suya soktu\u011fu, on birinci parma\u011f\u0131\u201d dedi. \u201cOn birinci parma\u011f\u0131\u201d intikal etmem biraz zaman ald\u0131, sonras\u0131nda da g\u00fcleyim mi k\u0131zay\u0131m m\u0131 karar veremedim. O g\u00fcn Ersin okulda de\u011fildi; ertesi g\u00fcn ona olanlar\u0131 anlat\u0131m. G\u00fclmeye ba\u015flad\u0131, \u201cAsl\u0131nda hep mum s\u00f6nd\u00fc z\u0131rvas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ederler, b\u00f6ylesini ilk defa duyuyorum\u201d deyip \u201cmum s\u00f6nd\u00fc\u201d \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de anlatt\u0131. Yar\u0131m saat g\u00fcl\u00fcp e\u011flendikten sonra ciddile\u015ferek, \u201cAlev\u00ee olmam konusunda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsun?\u201d diye sordu. \u201cNe d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnece\u011fim ki\u201d dedim; \u201cAlev\u00ee nedir bilmem, d\u00fcn ilk defa o salaktan duydum, benim Yahudili\u011fim nas\u0131l aram\u0131zda sorun olmad\u0131ysa, senin Alevili\u011fin de, her ne ise, sayg\u0131 duyaca\u011f\u0131m, ama ilgi alan\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir durum. Sen her \u015feyden \u00f6nce can dostum Ersin\u2019sin\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdim.<\/p>\n Samimi oldu\u011fumu biliyordu ama, olas\u0131l\u0131kla kimli\u011finin o taraf\u0131n\u0131 gizlemesini gerektiren \u00e7ok bask\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, o g\u00fcne kadar hi\u00e7 \u00f6tekile\u015ftirme ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131\u015f olan benim rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131m onda yoktu. Bir s\u00fcre sonra \u201cSorgulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyorum ama ne oldu\u011fumuzu ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sana g\u00f6stermek isterim; bunun i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fcklerimden izin de ald\u0131m. Kabul edersen seni bir \u2018Cem\u2019e g\u00f6t\u00fcrmek isterim\u201d dedi. Merak\u0131mdan \u00e7ok, onu rahat ettirmek i\u00e7in kabul ettim. Birka\u00e7 gece sonra Ersin\u2019in pe\u015finden, bir evde biraz da gizli kapakl\u0131 yap\u0131lan t\u00f6rene gittim. 20 ya\u015f\u0131nda hen\u00fcz yeniyetmelikten \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f biri olarak, bizi misafir eden ya\u015fl\u0131 dedenin sonras\u0131nda, son derece ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 kurallara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f, kad\u0131n ve erkeklerin birlikte yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu\u00a0ibadet<\/a>in, yaln\u0131zca dinsel nitelikli bir toplant\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ruhen yenilenme, y\u0131kanma, toplumsal ve bireysel bir sorgulanma oldu\u011funu anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Cem\u2019 t\u00f6reni ya\u015fam\u0131m boyunca unutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m m\u00fcthi\u015f heyecan verici bir olaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n Bu t\u00f6rene tepkimle iyice rahatlayan Ersin\u2019le yak\u0131n dostlu\u011fumuz mezuniyetimize kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ben askere, o ise Almanya\u2019daki akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na gitti. 60 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u015fimdiki ileti\u015fim olanaklar\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in maalesef birbirimizden kopmu\u015f olduk.<\/p>\n Yedek subayl\u0131k s\u00fcrecimde \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u0130stihkam Okulunda, okul sonras\u0131 Edirne \u0130stihkam Taburunda herhangi bir ay\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131m. Ancak, terhisime yak\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fck komutan\u0131, yedek subaylar\u0131n doldurdu\u011fu, orduda kalmak isteyip istemedi\u011fimizi belirtece\u011fimiz belgeyi verirken \u201cBunu dolduruver, nas\u0131l olsa evet de hay\u0131r da desen fark etmeyecek\u201d deyince, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019sinin \u00e7a\u011fc\u0131l anayasalar\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131klara kanunla, din, dil, \u0131rk ve inan\u00e7 fark\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeksizin e\u015fit vatanda\u015f haklar\u0131 verse de ta 1923\u2019ten kalan kimi \u00e7a\u011f d\u0131\u015f\u0131 yasaklar\u0131n, art\u0131k yasal olmamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n h\u00e2len k\u0131smen uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark ettim.<\/p>\n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan T\u00fcrk ilim, bilim insanlar\u0131, teknokratlar, hekimler vs. devlet \u00fcniversitelerine, okullar\u0131na ve hastanelerine kadrolu olarak al\u0131nmakta ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 tek bir gayrim\u00fcslim devlet memuru T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 yoktur. E\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim \u015fartlar\u0131 uygun oldu\u011funda M\u00fcslim ya da gayrim\u00fcslim her vatanda\u015f\u0131n orduya yedek subay olarak al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00e7ok uzun y\u0131llardan beri m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr ki ben bunu 60 y\u0131l \u00f6nce de yapabildim. M\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr de neredeyse 100 y\u0131ldan beri orduya muvazzaf subay olarak tek bir gayrim\u00fcslim T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 girebildi\u011fini duymu\u015f de\u011filim.<\/p>\n Sonu\u00e7 olarak kendi \u00fclkemde, hem meslek icab\u0131, hem 20 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131nd\u0131r sinema, 11 y\u0131ld\u0131r da tiyatro izlenimlerini yazan biri olarak, tan\u0131d\u0131k ve arkada\u015f ortam\u0131m b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlukla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011fu halde, T\u00fcrk ve Yahudi olarak fiili bir \u00f6tekile\u015ftirme durumunu ya\u015famadan 80 ya\u015f\u0131ma geldim. Ancak ben ya\u015famasam da ya\u015fayanlar\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f, kimi ya\u015fanana tan\u0131k olmu\u015f biri olarak ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131 ve ki\u015fisel izlenimlerimi payla\u015fmak istedim.<\/p>\n Din, dil, \u0131rk, cinsiyet, cinsel kimlik fark\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zetilmedi\u011fi bir d\u00fcnyada ya\u015famak umuduyla.<\/p>\n