![\"\"](\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/\u0130stanbul-360x200.jpg\")
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E\u011fer bu proje ger\u00e7ekle\u015fseydi, belki de \u015fehiri\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan Levent ve Maslak gibi semtler bug\u00fcn hi\u00e7 olmayacak, buralarda y\u00fckselen g\u00f6kdelenler belki de Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y ve Bostanc\u0131 gibi \u015fehir i\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalarda yer alacakt\u0131.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Saro Dadyan<\/strong><\/p>\n On y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce sahafta buldu\u011fum, Pavesi isimli \u0130talyan bir mimar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015f K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131 An\u0131t\u0131, beni \u0130stanbul i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f, projelendirilmi\u015f, hatta baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131na da ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ama ger\u00e7ekle\u015f(e)memi\u015f di\u011fer mimari projeleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya y\u00f6neltti. Birka\u00e7 defa bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 bir kitaba d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeyi denedim ama neticede bu giri\u015fimler de projelerle ayn\u0131 kaderi payla\u015farak hayallerde kald\u0131. Neticede 2022 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcnlerinde \u0130BB K\u00fclt\u00fcr A\u015e. taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanarak \u201cHayallerde Kalan \u0130stanbul\u201d ismiyle okuyucuyla bulu\u015facaklar.<\/p>\n K\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde kalm\u0131\u015f; saraylar, k\u00f6pr\u00fcler, metrolar, meydanlar, kiliseler, camiler, an\u0131tlar, oteller ve daha ba\u015fka i\u015flevlerde bir\u00e7ok mimari eser; \u0130stanbul kadar renkli, \u00e7ok katmanl\u0131 ve \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc bir yap\u0131ya sahip. Kitap, kamuoyunun g\u00f6rece daha fazla bilgi sahibi oldu\u011fu Leonardo da Vinci\u2019nin 1502 tarihli Bo\u011faz K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc ve Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc projeleriyle ba\u015flayarak 1950\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019una de\u011fin uzan\u0131yor. Projelere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda acaba ger\u00e7ekle\u015fseydi nas\u0131l olurdu, bug\u00fcn nas\u0131l bir \u0130stanbul\u2019da ya\u015f\u0131yor, nas\u0131l bir \u015fehre uyan\u0131yor olurduk diye sormamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/p>\n 1875 y\u0131l\u0131nda, bug\u00fcn de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam eden Karak\u00f6y-Beyo\u011flu aras\u0131ndaki T\u00fcnel\u2019in in\u015fas\u0131, \u0130stanbul\u2019un bu ilk yeralt\u0131 t\u00fcneli, ba\u015fka bir\u00e7ok mimara, m\u00fchendise ve giri\u015fimciye ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcnel\u2019i in\u015fa eden Frans\u0131z M\u00fchendis Henri Gavand\u2019\u0131n t\u00fcm \u0130stanbul\u2019u derinden etkileyecek bir projesi daha vard\u0131 ama bu sefer \u015fans\u0131 yaver gitmedi.<\/p>\n T\u00fcnel projesinin ba\u015far\u0131yla neticelenmesinin ard\u0131ndan Gavand, \u00e7ok daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ve maliyetli bir projeyi Sultan II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019e \u00f6nerdi. Gavand\u2019\u0131n \u201cYeni \u015eehir\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi bu projeye g\u00f6re Hali\u00e7\u2019in hemen giri\u015finde yer alan ticari liman ve Hali\u00e7\u2019te bulunan asker\u00ee liman ile tersane art\u0131k modern ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilecek limanlar de\u011fillerdi.<\/p>\n K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece ve Ye\u015filk\u00f6y\u2019de iki yeni liman\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 tasarlan\u0131yordu fakat buralar da \u015fehre uzak mek\u00e2nlard\u0131. Yedikule ile Sarayburnu aras\u0131nda Marmara Denizi \u00fczerinde bir girinti bulunuyordu. Burada denizin doldurulmas\u0131yla tam anlam\u0131yla yeni bir \u015fehir elde edilebilirdi. Ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u0131y\u0131ya paralel in\u015fa edilecek dalga k\u0131ranla buras\u0131, ticari bir liman olarak tasarlanabilirdi.<\/p>\n Denizin doldurulmas\u0131yla kolayl\u0131kla 2 milyon 200 bin metrekarelik bir alan elde edilecek ve burada mevcut liman\u0131n iki kat\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde liman in\u015fa edilecekti. Bu dev te\u015febb\u00fcs Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya hem politik hem de ticari anlamda b\u00fcy\u00fck avantajlar sa\u011flayacak, Yeni \u015eehir\u2019in in\u015fas\u0131yla h\u00fck\u00fcmet Hali\u00e7\u2019i tamamen asker\u00ee liman olarak kullanabilecekti. Yeni \u015eehir\u2019de in\u015fa edilecek merkez\u00ee g\u00fcmr\u00fck ve her gemiden al\u0131nacak giri\u015f vergisi ile mevcut gelirler ikiye katlanacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n Mimar Pavesi\u2019nin projelendirdi\u011fi K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131 An\u0131t\u0131- \u0130stanbul 1900 Art Nouveau Mimarisi ve \u0130\u00e7 Mekanlar\u0131.<\/p>\n Henri Gavand, Yeni \u015eehir\u2019in kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 300 milyon frankl\u0131k bir b\u00fct\u00e7eye ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funu hesaplam\u0131\u015f, harcanan bu paran\u0131n artacak vergi ve depo gelirleriyle bu maliyetin kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131p kazanca ge\u00e7ilebilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n Projenin verildi\u011fi 1876 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Osmanl\u0131 politik hayat\u0131ndaki \u00e7alkant\u0131lar, hemen ard\u0131ndan 1878\u2019de ba\u015flayan 93 Harbi ve ya\u015fanan ma\u011flubiyet, muhtemelen Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netiminin Gavand\u2019\u0131n bu b\u00fcy\u00fck ve fazlas\u0131yla maliyetli projesini de\u011ferlendirmesine dahi imk\u00e2n vermemi\u015f ve \u0130stanbul\u2019un ilk metrosunu in\u015fa eden m\u00fchendisin bu projesi akim kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Gavand gibi t\u00fcm \u0130stanbul\u2019u; \u015fehrin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini de\u011fi\u015ftirecek bir ba\u015fka \u00f6neri de yine Frans\u0131z bir isimden Ferdinand Arnodin\u2019den geldi. 1900 y\u0131l\u0131nda Compagnie Internationale du Chemin de Fer de Bosphore \u015firketi vas\u0131tas\u0131yla tasar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 devrin padi\u015fah\u0131 II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019e takdim eden Frans\u0131z m\u00fchendis Arnodin, iki Bo\u011faz k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, k\u00f6pr\u00fclerle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7evre yollar\u0131n\u0131, kent i\u00e7i ve uluslararas\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131n\u0131 da tasarlayarak kent \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc kurguluyordu.<\/p>\n Arnodin\u2019in ilk k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc Sarayburnu ile \u00dcsk\u00fcdar aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilecek demir bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcyd\u00fc. Tasarlanan g\u00f6z al\u0131c\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla bu k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130stanbul\u2019un deniz giri\u015finde \u00e2deta \u201cg\u00f6rkemli bir kap\u0131\u201d etkisi yaratmas\u0131 bekleniyordu. Bir m\u00fchendislik harikas\u0131 olarak nitelendirilen k\u00f6pr\u00fc, denizden 130\u2019ar metre a\u00e7\u0131kta iki\u015fer ayak ve ortada bir ayak \u00fczerinde oturacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n Hamidiye K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc olarak isimlendirilen, Arnodin\u2019in hayal etti\u011fi ikinci k\u00f6pr\u00fc, belki de \u0130stanbul\u2019un ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyen projeleri aras\u0131nda g\u00f6rsel olarak en bilineni, hakk\u0131nda en \u00e7ok konu\u015fulan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130n\u015fa edilecek ilk k\u00f6pr\u00fc, uluslararas\u0131 tren ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, Asya ve Avrupa k\u0131talar\u0131 bu k\u00f6pr\u00fcyle birbirlerine ba\u011flan\u0131yor, Ba\u011fdat\u2019tan trene binip Paris\u2019te inme hayali daha 1900 y\u0131l\u0131nda halledilmi\u015f oluyordu. Kandilli ile Rumelihisar\u0131 aras\u0131na in\u015fa edilecek Hamidiye K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde de yine ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde rayl\u0131 sistem olacakt\u0131 fakat bu, \u015fehir i\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131mda kullan\u0131lacak ba\u011flant\u0131yd\u0131. K\u00f6pr\u00fcyle beraber Arnodin\u2019in haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evreyolu projesine g\u00f6re Bostanc\u0131 ile Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y aras\u0131nda t\u00fcm \u015fehri \u00e7evreleyen yay gibi bir \u00e7evreyolu olacakt\u0131. Arnodin\u2019in k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc sayesinde \u015fehir i\u00e7inde de iki k\u0131ta birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve on y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcregelen \u015fehir i\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 belki daha o tarihte \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olacakt\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, \u015fehirle\u015fmenin hangi eksende olaca\u011f\u0131, gelecekte hangi semtlerin imara a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 da tespit edilmi\u015f oluyordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, e\u011fer bu proje ger\u00e7ekle\u015fseydi, belki de \u015fehir i\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan Levent ve Maslak gibi semtler bug\u00fcn hi\u00e7 olmayacak, buralarda y\u00fckselen g\u00f6kdelenler belki de Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y ve Bostanc\u0131 gibi \u015fehir i\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalarda yer alacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n Gavand ve Arnodin gibi Frans\u0131z isimlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Fossati, Barbaroni, Perpignani gibi bir\u00e7ok \u0130talyan ismin de sayfalar tutan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015f projesi mevcut. Fakat bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda en zengin listeye sahip olan Art Nouveau tarz\u0131n\u0131n en se\u00e7kin \u00f6rneklerini \u0130stanbul\u2019a arma\u011fan eden Raimondo D\u2019Aronco. \u0130stanbul\u2019da bir\u00e7ok an\u0131tsal yap\u0131 in\u015fa eden mimar\u0131n; Rasathane, M\u00fcze, Karakol, Mezbahane ve el\u00e7ilik saraylar\u0131 gibi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015f de bir\u00e7ok projesi var. Dahas\u0131 ilk ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyen yap\u0131s\u0131, \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelmesine sebep olan ve bu \u015fehir i\u00e7in planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk yap\u0131, Ziraat ve Sanayi Sergi Saray\u0131.<\/p>\n 1893 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sultan II. Abd\u00fclhamid, \u0130stanbul\u2019da Ziraat ve sanayiye odaklanacak uluslararas\u0131 bir fuar\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesine karar verdi. \u0130stanbul Ziraat ve Sanayi Sergi Saray\u0131\u2019n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in Y\u0131ld\u0131z Saray\u0131\u2019nda \u00f6zel bir komisyon kuruldu. Komisyon karar\u0131nca bu kal\u0131c\u0131 serginin o s\u0131rada fazla yerle\u015fimin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015ei\u015fli\u2019ye in\u015fa edilmesi, fuara ula\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7in de Beyo\u011flu\u2019ndan \u015ei\u015fli\u2019ye uzanan bir rayl\u0131 sistemin in\u015fas\u0131na karar verildi.<\/p>\n Fuar\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130talyan B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Luigi Avogadro di Collobiano vas\u0131tas\u0131yla, Torino Sergisi\u2019nin mimar\u0131 Raimondo D\u2019Aronco\u2019ya ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ve kendisi \u0130stanbul\u2019a davet edildi. D\u2019Aronco \u0130stanbul\u2019a vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda zaten bir\u00e7ok mimar\u0131n in\u015fa olunacak fuarla ilgili projeler haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bunun \u00fczerine padi\u015fahtan m\u00fcsaade isteyerek hemen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flayan mimar, 25 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde kendi projelerini haz\u0131rlayarak 29 A\u011fustos 1893\u2019te sultana takdim etti ve \u015ei\u015fli\u2019ye in\u015fa olunacak olan \u0130stanbul Ziraat ve Sanayi Saray\u0131\u2019n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 Mimar Raimondo D\u2019Aronco\u2019ya verildi.<\/p>\n Her \u015fey yolunda giderken ve art\u0131k sergi saray\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131na ba\u015flanacakken hi\u00e7 beklenmeyen bir \u015fey oldu. 10 Temmuz 1894 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019un tarihindeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck depremlerden biri ya\u015fand\u0131 ve ba\u015fta kamusal yap\u0131lar olmak \u00fczere \u0130stanbul\u2019un d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck hasarlar meydana geldi. B\u00f6ylesi bir ortamda yeni bir in\u015faata giri\u015fmekten vazge\u00e7ilerek eldeki t\u00fcm mimarlar ve imk\u00e2nlar hasar g\u00f6ren yap\u0131lar\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131na sevk edildi. Nitekim Raimondo D\u2019Aronco da bu mimarlardan biriydi ve her ne kadar sergi saray\u0131n\u0131 in\u015fa edememi\u015f olsa da uzun y\u0131llar \u0130stanbul\u2019da kalarak Sultan II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in saltanat\u0131 boyunca \u0130stanbul\u2019da art nouveau tarz\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc oldu, saray mimar\u0131 unvan\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131 ve bir\u00e7ok yap\u0131 in\u015fa etti.<\/p>\n https:\/\/www.birgun.net\/haber\/hayallerde-kalan-istanbul-367318\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" E\u011fer bu proje ger\u00e7ekle\u015fseydi, belki de \u015fehiri\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan Levent ve Maslak gibi semtler bug\u00fcn hi\u00e7 olmayacak, buralarda y\u00fckselen g\u00f6kdelenler belki de Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y ve Bostanc\u0131 gibi \u015fehir i\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalarda yer alacakt\u0131. Saro Dadyan On y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce sahafta buldu\u011fum, Pavesi isimli \u0130talyan bir mimar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015f K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131 An\u0131t\u0131, beni \u0130stanbul i\u00e7in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":65940,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-istanbul"],"yoast_head":"\n