{"id":65495,"date":"2021-11-04T01:45:59","date_gmt":"2021-11-04T06:45:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495"},"modified":"2021-11-04T01:46:40","modified_gmt":"2021-11-04T06:46:40","slug":"1946-1980-yillari-arasinda-turkiye-siyasetinde-ermeni-algisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495","title":{"rendered":"1946-1980 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Siyasetinde Ermeni Alg\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

T\u00dcRKAY SAL\u0130M NEFES<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi T\u00fcrkiye siyasetinde gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klara dair olumsuz ton i\u00e7eren konu\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n hedefi Ermenilerdi. Bu s\u00fcreci ASALA ter\u00f6r\u00fc, soyk\u0131r\u0131m tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Dink cinayeti gibi yurti\u00e7i ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 bir\u00e7ok dinamik \u015fekillendirdi.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu\u00a0makalenin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0<\/a>iki ara\u015ft\u0131rma 1946 ve 1980 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda meclis \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda siyasi parti s\u00f6zc\u00fclerinin Ermeni kelimesi ge\u00e7en t\u00fcm konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 analiz ediyor (Nefes, 2021a, 2021b). \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalarda elde edilen bulgular Ermeniler hakk\u0131ndaki olumsuz siyasi alg\u0131 hakk\u0131nda iki \u00f6nemli noktaya i\u015faret etmekte: (1) g\u00fcvenlik tehditleri ile ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalarda siyasi partilerin Ermeniler hakk\u0131nda olumsuz ifadeleri oransal olarak artmakta; (2) bu konu\u015fmalarda milletvekilleri Ermenileri genellikle d\u00fc\u015fman bir d\u0131\u015f grup olarak yaftalamakta. Bu yaz\u0131 k\u0131sa bir teorik \u00e7er\u00e7eve \u00e7izdikten sonra makalenin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131lan metoda de\u011finiyor ve ard\u0131ndan toplanan veriler de\u011ferlendiriliyor.<\/p>\n

Teorik \u00e7er\u00e7eve ve metot<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131klara dair olumsuz alg\u0131 ve \u00f6nyarg\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan \u00f6nemli sosyolojik perspektiflerden biri sosyal konum teorisi (group position theory<\/em>). Bu perspektife g\u00f6re \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu olu\u015fturan grup \u00fcyeleri \u00e7e\u015fitli ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131 kendilerine hak olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor ve di\u011fer topluluklardan tehdit alg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131nda ayr\u0131mc\u0131 bir dile y\u00f6neliyor. Yani, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temel nedeni insanlar\u0131n sosyal konumlar\u0131n\u0131 koruma istekleri (Blumer 1958). Sosyal konum teorisini baz alan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fcye say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin artmas\u0131 ve k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fen ekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131racak ko\u015fullar olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Sosyal konum teorisi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de g\u00fcncel m\u00fclteci kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 dili bu fakt\u00f6rlere dayanarak a\u00e7\u0131klayabilir. Di\u011fer yandan, sosyal konum teorisi tarihsel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel fakt\u00f6rlerin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Quillian (1996) Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nde 1950 ve 1960\u2019lardaki insan haklar\u0131 hareketinin Amerika\u2019da Afrika k\u00f6kenli Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n nas\u0131l alg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde etkileri oldu\u011funu iddia ediyor.<\/p>\n

Sosyal konum teorisinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ermeni alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayabilmesi i\u00e7in tehdit alg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne almak gerekir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tarihsel tehdit olarak bilinen \u00f6nemli bir kavram Sevr Sendromu: d\u0131\u015f mihraklar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin alt\u0131n\u0131 oymak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli komplolar kurdu\u011fu iddias\u0131 (G\u00f6cek 2011). Sendrom Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f d\u00f6neminde yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu sava\u015flar\u0131n ve toprak kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131<\/a>\u011f\u0131 bir travman\u0131n d\u0131\u015favurumu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bu yaz\u0131ya dayanak olan iki ara\u015ft\u0131rmada (Nefes, 2021a, 2021b) Sevr sendromunun Ermeni alg\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine etkilerine dikkat edildi.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ayn\u0131 metodu meclisin farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerini anlamak i\u00e7in takip etti. Y\u00f6ntem temel olarak ben ve bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma asistan\u0131n\u0131n bu d\u00f6nemlerde meclis tutanaklar\u0131nda Ermeni kelimesinin ge\u00e7ti\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcn konu\u015fmalardan bir veri seti haz\u0131rlamas\u0131na dayanmakta. \u00dc\u00e7 genel kategori \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde b\u00fct\u00fcn konu\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rd\u0131k: (a) Konu\u015fmac\u0131n\u0131n Ermeni kelimesini olumsuz kullan\u0131p kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131; (b) Milletvekilinin siyasi partisi; (c) Konu\u015fman\u0131n hangi konuda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6zellikle, tehdit alg\u0131s\u0131 ile alakal\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131. Ard\u0131ndan, iki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 meclisteki siyasi parti konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 bu kategorilere g\u00f6re ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 kodlay\u0131p ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015fkenlerde %80 oran\u0131 \u00fczerinde ayn\u0131 kodlamay\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n bulgular\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rece nesnel olarak de\u011ferlendirdik. Bug\u00fcne kadar konu \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6znel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin analizlerine dayand\u0131. Bu yaz\u0131<\/a>ya konu olan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar metodolojik olarak iki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine anla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 analizlere dayanan ilk \u00f6rnekler olarak bu konudaki akademik birikime katk\u0131da bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

1946-1960 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda Meclis Konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda Ermeni Alg\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

27 May\u0131s askeri darbesiyle sona eren bu d\u00f6nem \u00e7ok partili d\u00f6nemin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u0131llar\u0131na denk geliyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, modern T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de meclis \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda Ermeni alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 rakip siyasi partilerin konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda ilk kez g\u00f6zlemleyebildi\u011fimiz bir d\u00f6nem. Ayr\u0131ca, gayrim\u00fcslim topluluklar\u0131 ilgilendiren 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl 1955\u00a0Pogromu<\/a>\u00a0gibi \u00f6nemli olaylar\u0131 ve de siyasi \u0130slam\u0131n T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi \u00fczerindeki artan etkisini bu d\u00f6nemde g\u00f6zlemliyoruz.<\/p>\n

Ermeni kelimesi mecliste milletvekilleri taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenlik tehditleri, e\u011fitim, k\u00fclt\u00fcr, g\u00fcncel siyasi olaylar, sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemi, su\u00e7 ve adalet sistemi \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan toplam 55 konu\u015fmada ge\u00e7mekte. Konu\u015fmalardan 21 tanesinde milletvekilleri Ermeniler hakk\u0131nda olumsuz g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ifade ediyor. Tablo 1\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi \u00fczere olumsuz alg\u0131 ulusal g\u00fcvenlikle ilgili siyasi konu\u015fmalarda daha \u00e7ok ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Milletvekilleri Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131, 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ermeni olaylar\u0131 ve de o d\u00f6nemde alg\u0131lanan kom\u00fcnizm tehlikesi ile alakal\u0131 konu\u015furken Ermenileri d\u00fc\u015fman olarak tasvir ediyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, CHP Milletvekili Kas\u0131m Ener Milli M\u00fccadele y\u0131llar\u0131nda Adana\u2019ya dair \u015funu ifade ediyor: \u201c1920 de Frans\u0131z i\u015fgalinde Adana\u2019da Ermenilerle Frans\u0131zlar te\u015friki mesai yaparak b\u00fcy\u00fck zul\u00fcmler ve korkular tevlit ederlerken o zaman T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Atat\u00fcrk bizim cephede de Sinan Pa\u015fa ismi kulaklar\u0131m\u0131zda dola\u015f\u0131yordu.\u201d Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik konusundaki 13 tart\u0131\u015fmadan 12\u2019sinde Ermeni alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olumsuz olmas\u0131 bu konunun olumsuz alg\u0131yla olan niceliksel ili\u015fkisini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tart\u0131\u015fma konusu<\/strong><\/td>\nOlumsuz alg\u0131 i\u00e7eren konu\u015fma say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\nToplam konu\u015fma say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u00fclt\u00fcr<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Adalet<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcncel Siyaset<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u011fitim<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ekonomi<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toplam<\/strong><\/td>\n21<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Tablo 1. Ermeniler hakk\u0131nda olumsuz alg\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015fma konular\u0131na da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 (1946-1960)<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle, bulgular g\u00fcvenlik tehditlerine dair parlamento konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n Ermenilerin olumsuz alg\u0131s\u0131 ile ili\u015fkisine i\u015faret ediyor. Birincisi, milletvekilleri Ermeni toplumunu sadece g\u00fcvenlikle ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalarda d\u00fc\u015fman olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Di\u011fer konularda toplulu\u011fun bireysel \u00fcyelerini bazen \u00f6v\u00fcyor bazen k\u0131n\u0131yorlar. \u0130kincisi, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Ermenilerle uzun s\u00fcreli bir m\u00fccadele ya\u015fayan Seyhan y\u00f6resinden milletvekilleri bu d\u00f6neme at\u0131fta bulunarak Ermenilerin d\u00fc\u015fman oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor. Son olarak, siyasi parti \u00fcyeli\u011fi Ermenilerin alg\u0131s\u0131nda herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yaratm\u0131yor. Bu da alg\u0131lanan g\u00fcvenlik tehditlerinin siyasi parti \u00fcyeli\u011finden daha \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6r oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor.<\/p>\n

1960-1980 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda Meclis Konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda Ermeni Alg\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130kinci Cumhuriyet olarak da an\u0131lan bu d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye \u00fc\u00e7 askeri darbe ve iki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z darbe denemesi ya\u015fand\u0131 (Z\u00fcrcher 2004). 27 May\u0131s 1960 darbesinden bir y\u0131l sonra yeni anayasa yay\u0131mland\u0131 ve iki meclisli bir parlamento olu\u015ftu. Bu d\u00f6nemde Ermeni alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendiren olaylar aras\u0131nda soyk\u0131r\u0131m tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 alanda ilk kez Uruguay\u2019in 1965 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki tan\u0131mas\u0131yla birlikte daha g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale gelmesi ve ASALA\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrk diplomatlar\u0131 ve ailelerini hedef alan ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 say\u0131labilir. \u0130laveten, K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta Rumlar ve T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma 1974 askeri m\u00fcdahalesi ile sonu\u00e7land\u0131 ve bunun gayrim\u00fcslim vatanda\u015flar\u0131n alg\u0131s\u0131nda olumsuz etkileri oldu. Bu minvalde, yurti\u00e7inde sol ve sa\u011f gruplar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Mecliste 1960-1980 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan konu\u015fmalarda Ermeni kelimesinin ge\u00e7ti\u011fi 164 konu\u015fma bulduk. Tablo 2\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi \u00fczere bu konu\u015fmalar\u0131n %70\u2019inde (116 konu\u015fma) milletvekilleri olumsuz yorumlar yap\u0131yor. Olumsuz betimlemeler i\u00e7eren konu\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00fcvenlik ve d\u0131\u015f ili\u015fkilerle ilgili olup, bunu ekonomi, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve siyasetle ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalar izlemekte. \u00d6rne\u011fin, CHP milletvekili Memduh Eksi \u015f\u00f6yle uyar\u0131yor: \u201cYurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, Ermeni \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle Rumlar\u0131n Ulusumuz aleyhine yapt\u0131klar\u0131 haks\u0131z ve al\u00e7ak\u00e7a propagandalar\u0131 dost d\u00fcsman herkes bilmektedir. Bu sak\u00eem propagandalara tarih\u00ee olaylar ve ulus\u00e7a ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fimiz son K\u0131br\u0131s Bar\u0131\u015f Harek\u00e2ti neden olarak g\u00f6sterilmekte.\u201d<\/p>\n

Adalet Partisi milletvekili Yusuf Ziya Ayr\u0131m ise bir toprak talebinden bahsediyor: \u201c40 y\u0131l esaretten sonra, omuz omuza vererek, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman karde\u015fler olarak Kars\u2019ta ay y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131 bayra\u011f\u0131 dalgaland\u0131rd\u0131k; fakat baz\u0131 tohumlar\u0131n tekrar ye\u015fermeye y\u00fcz tuttu\u011funu m\u00fc\u015fahede etmi\u015f bulunuyoruz. Bu tohumlara b\u00fcy\u00fck maddi imk\u00e2nlar sa\u011flayan baz\u0131 kurulu\u015flar, g\u00fczel yurdumuza par\u00e7alamak gayreti i\u00e7erisindedirler, hatta Ermeniler toprak iste\u011finde bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.\u201d Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik konusundaki hitaplarda Ermenilerin olumsuz alg\u0131s\u0131na bir ba\u015fka \u00f6rnek ise MSP milletvekili Korkut \u00d6zal\u2019\u0131n konu\u015fmas\u0131nda mevcut: \u201cBug\u00fcn as\u0131rlarca bir arada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, i\u00e7tikleri su ayr\u0131 gitmemi\u015f, birbirleriyle kan bak\u0131m\u0131ndan entegre olmu\u015f sosyal bir T\u00fcrk toplumunu darmada\u011f\u0131n edecek birtak\u0131m etkiler var. Bu toplum as\u0131rlarca entegral ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, Ermeniler bile as\u0131rlarca burada bir \u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fcs, onlar dahi sulh i\u00e7inde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tart\u0131\u015fma konusu<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\nOlumsuz alg\u0131 i\u00e7eren konu\u015fma say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\nToplam konu\u015fma say\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik<\/td>\n65<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u0131\u015f \u0130li\u015fkiler<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ekonomi<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u00fclt\u00fcr<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u011fitim<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcncel Siyaset<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toplam<\/strong><\/td>\n116<\/td>\n164<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Tablo 2. Ermeniler hakk\u0131nda olumsuz alg\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015fma konular\u0131na da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 (1960-1980)<\/em><\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma 1960 ve 1980 aras\u0131 alg\u0131lanan g\u00fcvenlik ve diplomatik tehditler ile Ermenilerin meclis konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda olumsuz olarak resmedilmesiyle aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi ortaya koyuyor. Sevr Sendromu, ASALA, kom\u00fcnizm gibi resmi stat\u00fckoya y\u00f6nelik tehditler Ermeniler hakk\u0131ndaki olumsuz g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere verimli bir zemin sa\u011flamakta. Bulgular sosyal konum teorisinin ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa dair temel arg\u00fcman\u0131 olan insanlar\u0131n sosyal konumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve siyasal stat\u00fckoyu koruma isteklerini destekliyor.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 yerine<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Bu makalenin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar tehdit alg\u0131s\u0131 ve Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 olumsuz g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bildirme aras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ili\u015fki oldu\u011funu T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihinin \u00e7ok partili hayata ge\u00e7i\u015f sonras\u0131ndaki iki d\u00f6nemini inceleyerek tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonucu tehdit alg\u0131s\u0131 ile gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131k \u00fczerine olumsuz yakla\u015f\u0131mlar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin e\u015fit vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n gere\u011fi olarak k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7 veya d\u0131\u015f tehditlerin olas\u0131 bir i\u015fbirlik\u00e7isi olarak de\u011fil toplumun e\u015fit bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak g\u00f6recek ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131 olmayan bir bak\u0131\u015f gerekli.<\/p>\n

Pop\u00fcler bir komedi dizisinde Rober Hatemo hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lan saka ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 buna ilgin\u00e7 bir \u00f6rnek. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin pop\u00fcler bir dizisi olan Karde\u015f Pay\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, karakterlerden biri etkilemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kad\u0131na komedi unsuru olarak her zaman yabanc\u0131 m\u00fczik dinlemekle \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcp en sevdi\u011fi yabanc\u0131 sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n Rober Hatemo oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Hatemo bu \u015fakaya dedesinin kimlik kartlar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015farak bir yabanc\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ispatlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak tepki g\u00f6stermi\u015fti. Bu g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tepkinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u015fit vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n eksikli\u011fine i\u015faret eden bir vaka olarak not edilebilir, zira Hatemo T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131k \u00fcyesi olmasayd\u0131 muhtemelen bu \u015fakaya sadece g\u00fcl\u00fcp ge\u00e7erdi.<\/p>\n

Referanslar<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Blumer, H. (1958) \u2018Race prejudice as a sense of group position\u2019,\u00a0The Pacific Sociological Review, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 3\u20137.<\/em><\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u00e7ek, M. (2011)\u00a0The Transformation of Turkey: Redefining State and Society from the Ottoman Empire to the Modern Era, London: I. B. Tauris.<\/em><\/p>\n

Nefes, T. S. (2021a) The relationship between perceived security threats and negative descriptions of Armenians in Turkish politics (1946\u20131960).\u00a0Nationalities Papers, 1-15.<\/em><\/p>\n

Nefes, T. S. (2021b) Explaining negative descriptions of Armenians in Turkish Parliamentary Speeches (1960-1980) via group position theory.\u00a0Quality & Quantity<\/em><\/p>\n

Quillian, L. (1996) \u2018Group threat and regional change in attitudes toward African-Americans\u2019,\u00a0American Journal of Sociology, vol. 102, no. 3, pp. 816\u2013860.<\/em><\/p>\n

Z\u00fcrcher, E. (2004)\u00a0Turkey: A Modern History. New York: I.B. Tauris.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Bu yaz\u0131 \u0130ngilizce dergilerde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f iki ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n bulgu ve metotlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetlemekte. Makalenin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 okumak veya referans vermek isteyenler \u015fu linklerden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara \u00fccretsiz ula\u015fabilir:\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0shorturl.at\/jDFX5 shorturl.at\/qvAPU<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkay Salim Nefes<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Ramon y Cajal Ara\u015ft\u0131rma G\u00f6revlisi, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC)Ara\u015ft\u0131rma G\u00f6revlisi, Oxford Internet Institute, Oxford \u00dcniversitesi<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.avlaremoz.com\/2021\/11\/03\/1946-1980-yillari-arasinda-turkiye-siyasetinde-ermeni-algisi\/<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00dcRKAY SAL\u0130M NEFES Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi T\u00fcrkiye siyasetinde gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klara dair olumsuz ton i\u00e7eren konu\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n hedefi Ermenilerdi. Bu s\u00fcreci ASALA ter\u00f6r\u00fc, soyk\u0131r\u0131m tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Dink cinayeti gibi yurti\u00e7i ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 bir\u00e7ok dinamik \u015fekillendirdi.\u00a0\u00a0 Bu\u00a0makalenin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0iki ara\u015ft\u0131rma 1946 ve 1980 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda meclis \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda siyasi parti s\u00f6zc\u00fclerinin Ermeni kelimesi ge\u00e7en t\u00fcm konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 analiz […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":65496,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n1946-1980 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Siyasetinde Ermeni Alg\u0131s\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1946-1980 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Siyasetinde Ermeni Alg\u0131s\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"T\u00dcRKAY SAL\u0130M NEFES Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi T\u00fcrkiye siyasetinde gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klara dair olumsuz ton i\u00e7eren konu\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n hedefi Ermenilerdi. Bu s\u00fcreci ASALA ter\u00f6r\u00fc, soyk\u0131r\u0131m tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Dink cinayeti gibi yurti\u00e7i ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 bir\u00e7ok dinamik \u015fekillendirdi.\u00a0\u00a0 Bu\u00a0makalenin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0iki ara\u015ft\u0131rma 1946 ve 1980 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda meclis \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda siyasi parti s\u00f6zc\u00fclerinin Ermeni kelimesi ge\u00e7en t\u00fcm konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 analiz […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-11-04T06:45:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-11-04T06:46:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2021\/11\/T\u00fcrkiye-Siyaseti.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"672\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"435\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495\",\"name\":\"1946-1980 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Siyasetinde Ermeni Alg\u0131s\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2021\/11\/T\u00fcrkiye-Siyaseti.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-11-04T06:45:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-11-04T06:46:40+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2021\/11\/T\u00fcrkiye-Siyaseti.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2021\/11\/T\u00fcrkiye-Siyaseti.png\",\"width\":672,\"height\":435},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"1946-1980 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Siyasetinde Ermeni Alg\u0131s\u0131\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/\",\"name\":\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?author=7\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"1946-1980 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Siyasetinde Ermeni Alg\u0131s\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=65495","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"1946-1980 Y\u0131llar\u0131 Aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Siyasetinde Ermeni Alg\u0131s\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"T\u00dcRKAY SAL\u0130M NEFES Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi T\u00fcrkiye siyasetinde gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klara dair olumsuz ton i\u00e7eren konu\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n hedefi Ermenilerdi. 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