{"id":63236,"date":"2021-06-10T07:21:38","date_gmt":"2021-06-10T12:21:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=63236"},"modified":"2021-06-10T07:21:38","modified_gmt":"2021-06-10T12:21:38","slug":"dile-iliskin-insan-hakki-ya-da-insanliga-karsi-suc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=63236","title":{"rendered":"Dile ili\u015fkin insan hakk\u0131 ya da insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7*"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Anadilinin y\u00fcreklendirilmesi, yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ocu\u011fun dilini de\u011fil, topluluk i\u00e7indeki kimli\u011fini\/ki\u015fili\u011fini de geli\u015ftirir (\u00e7ocu\u011fun dilinin reddi, kendisinin de reddidir).<\/p>\n

Hal\u00fbk Sunat**<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00fcrt\u00e7e anadilinde e\u011fitim pedagojik de\u011fildir\u201d diyenlere\u2026<\/p>\n

Geni\u015f\u00e7e bir \u00e7ad\u0131rday\u0131z. E\u015fine, benzerine rastlanmas\u0131 pek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan, kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yasalar\u0131n anas\u0131ndan alan t\u00fcrl\u00fc-\u00e7e\u015fitli \u2018numara\u2019n\u0131n sergilendi\u011fi, geni\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7e bir \u00e7ad\u0131r. 21. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan uzan\u0131p \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 aralad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda ancak, tan\u0131k oluyorsunuz, telde gezenlere, ate\u015f yutanlara, sihirbazlara, hokkabazlara, eli \u00e7abuklara. \u00c7ok de\u011fi\u015fik, pek hareketli, epey heyecanl\u0131.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015far\u0131m bu \u00e7ad\u0131rda. Hastas\u0131y\u0131md\u0131r b\u00fct\u00fcn bu numaralar\u0131n. Ama mesela, son anayasam\u0131zda 66 ile ta\u00e7land\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir numaram\u0131z var ki, ben en \u00e7ok ondaki sihre, maharete hayran\u0131md\u0131r: \u201cT\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019ne vatanda\u015fl\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131 ile ba\u011fl\u0131 olan herkes T\u00fcrkt\u00fcr\u201d. Bu, altm\u0131\u015f alt\u0131n\u0131n numaras\u0131 odur ki, \u2018T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti\u2019 bile de\u011fil, \u2018T\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019ne, herhangi bir kimse (o kimse, Rum, Ermeni, yahut, Yahudi, K\u00fcrt, vs. olsun, fark etmez) \u2018vatanda\u015fl\u0131k\u2019 denilen o sihirli ba\u011f ile ba\u011flan\u0131r ba\u011flanmaz T\u00fcrk oluvermektedir. Baz\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinde, \u00fcst\u00fcne at\u0131lan \u00f6rt\u00fc \u00e7ekildi\u011finde, f\u0131rf\u0131r burunlu-ponpon kuyruklu tav\u015fana d\u00f6nen gen\u00e7 g\u00fczel k\u0131z numaras\u0131 olarak sergilense de, bizde and\u0131\u011f\u0131m h\u00e2li ile muteberdir. Her ne kadar, basit, kaba bir numara gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, enine-boyuna ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ki, muhte\u015fem bir gizemi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ben, bizi 66\u2019n\u0131n da erdemli gizemine ta\u015f\u0131yan 42\u2019den s\u00f6z etmek niyetindeyim, as\u0131l: \u201cT\u00fcrk\u00e7eden ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir dil, e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131na anadilleri olarak okutulamaz ve \u00f6\u011fretilemez. E\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131nda okutulacak yabanc\u0131 diller ile yabanc\u0131 dille e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim yapan okullar\u0131n t\u00e2bi olaca\u011f\u0131 esaslar kanunla d\u00fczenlenir. Milletleraras\u0131 antla\u015fma h\u00fck\u00fcmleri sakl\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Maarifin ve askeriyenin tedrisat tezg\u00e2h\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mi\u015f, her hal\u00fck\u00e2rda iyi aile \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olarak yeti\u015fmi\u015f, ta 1925 tarihli \u2018\u015eark Islahat Plan\u0131\u2019yla ba\u015flay\u0131p 12 Eyl\u00fcl darbesinin 1983\/2932 tarih ve say\u0131l\u0131 yasas\u0131 ile iyiden iyiye katmerlendirilmi\u015f \u2018K\u00fcrt\u00e7e kullanma yasa\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 fark\u0131nda bile olmadan kabullenmi\u015f \u00e7ad\u0131r ahalisi i\u00e7in, 42, numara bile de\u011fildir. Sihir, ard\u0131ndaki tarihten menkuld\u00fcr. \u2018Ne versen, gider,\u2019 sihri ile 42\u2019nin e\u015fi\u011fine dayananlar i\u00e7in, maddenin girizg\u00e2h\u0131ndaki, \u201cKimse, e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011frenim hakk\u0131ndan yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lamaz\u201d\u0131n yasa yap\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan f\u00fctursuzca dile getirilmi\u015fli\u011fi bile fuzulidir. O, oral\u0131 olmasa da, arkas\u0131ndan incisi d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr: \u201c\u00d6\u011frenim hakk\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131 kanunla tespit edilir ve d\u00fczenlenir\u201d. \u0130\u015fte, o d\u00fczenlemenin iradesi, \u2018T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir dil\u2026\u2019 k\u00fckremesidir ve, \u2018Milletleraras\u0131 antla\u015fma h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ile kay\u0131r\u0131lan \u2013maalesef!- \u2018yerli yabanc\u0131 gayr\u0131m\u00fcslimler\u2019 ve ecnebinin diline meftun \u2018Beyaz T\u00fcrkler\u2019 i\u00e7in tahsis edilecek imk\u00e2nlar bir yana konuldu\u011funda, muhatap, K\u00fcrtler ve K\u00fcrt\u00e7edir. Herkesin zaten T\u00fcrk oldu\u011fu bir yerde \u2013istisnalar\u0131n kaideyi bozmas\u0131na izin verilmeyecekse- e\u011fitim dilinin anadilimiz T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden ba\u015fka bir anadilinde olmas\u0131n\u0131 istemek de elbet abestir. Hele hele, 42, 66\u2019ya ba\u011flan\u0131rken, ikisinin elele, \u2018de\u011fi\u015ftirilemeyecek ve de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi teklif (dahi!) edilemeyecek\u2019 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden \u2018Atat\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi\u2019ne ulanacak olmalar\u0131, apayr\u0131 bir \u015f\u0131kl\u0131k vesilesidir. Kald\u0131 ki, t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcne at\u0131lacak \u00f6rt\u00fc, \u2018milleti ile b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez devlet\u2019 olma vasf\u0131 de\u011fil midir!<\/p>\n

Peki; 42\u2019ye kem g\u00f6zle bakanlara \u2018i\u00e7 bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n tehdidi\u2019 olarak bakan, ba\u015fka anadillerine itibarla kurulacak e\u011fitimin, \u2018ortak dili bozup tahrip edece\u011fi\u2019 inanc\u0131 ile \u2018bu konuda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmem bile,\u2019 diye hiddetlenen ba\u015fbakan\u0131n ve meseleye ba\u015fbakan gibi bakan \u00f6tekilerinin bulundu\u011fu [y\u0131l, 2010\u2019dur] \u00e7ad\u0131rdan ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 az \u00e7\u0131karal\u0131m, b\u00fct\u00fcn numaralar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fil, sadece 42\u2019de zikredilenleri, bir de \u2018\u00e7ad\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019 \u00e2lemde yoklayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\u2018\u0130kidilli \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n Anadili E\u011fitim A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Neden \u00d6nemlidir?\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde, Toronto \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Prof. Jim Cummins, k\u00fcreselle\u015fme olgusundan kalkarak, okullarda, farkl\u0131 dil, k\u00fclt\u00fcr, \u0131rk ve dinleri ile \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015fen \u00e7ocuklar ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini el al\u0131r. Verili duruma \u00fc\u00e7 tepki t\u00fcr\u00fc s\u00f6z konusudur: a. Fa\u015fist tepki: Ulusal kabul edilen de\u011ferler ortam\u0131na kat\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 ve katt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 reddedici, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 tav\u0131r (kaba reddecilikten, tecrit edici alanlara \u2013okullara- mahk\u00fbm etmeye); b. Sorun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc tepki: Farkl\u0131 olanlar\u0131n ve farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n okula ve topluma yedirilmesini (\u2018integration\/ \u2018assimilation\u2019), \u2018sorun\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlanan \u015feyin hallini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren tutum.<\/p>\n

\u2018a\u2019 ve \u2018b\u2019 yordam\u0131n\u0131 izleyenlerin, kendi me\u015frepleri dahilinde de olsa, nihayetinde, farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel gruplar\u0131n (toplumun kuytular\u0131na \u00e7ekilerek ya da kendi anadillerinden, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinden uzakla\u015farak) g\u00f6r\u00fclmez ve i\u015fitilmez olmalar\u0131n\u0131 dayatt\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r, Cummins\u2019e g\u00f6re. \u00d6zellikle de okul \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bu dayatman\u0131n, \u00e7ocuklar ve aileleri ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckleri ile ili\u015fkileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir \u2018y\u0131k\u0131m\u2019 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda uygun e\u011fitim ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gere\u011fi ba\u011flam\u0131nda \u00e7ocuk hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir \u2018\u015fiddet\u2019 oldu\u011funu saptamak da ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. Dilsel \u00c7e\u015fitlilik, Dile \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130nsan Hakk\u0131 ve Kendi Anadili Temelli \u00c7okdilli E\u011fitim \u2013veya, Dilsel Soyk\u0131r\u0131m, \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011fa Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7 ve Gezegenimizin ve Ya\u015fama Zenginliklerinin H\u0131zl\u0131 Tahribi ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, Tove Skutnabb-Kangas ise (ilgili meselede Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Forumu\u2019na katk\u0131 sunanlarla fikir birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde) \u015funu vurgular: \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fun belirleyici tercihleri ile anadillerinde e\u011fitimden yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ma\u011fduriyeti \u2013toplumbilimsel ve e\u011fitsel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerden kalk\u0131larak-, \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Su\u00e7unun Cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00d6nlenmesine \u0130li\u015fkin Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin (E793, 1948) be\u015f h\u00fckm\u00fcnden ikisini kar\u015f\u0131lar: \u2018Bir grubun \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 zorla \u00f6teki gruba dahil etmek\u2019 ve \u2018bir grubun \u00fcyelerine bedensel ve zihinsel olarak (vurgu, Skutnabb\u2019\u0131n) ciddi zarar vermek\u2019.<\/p>\n

Bu de\u011finilerden kalkarak, \u2018E ama onlar az\u0131nl\u0131k konumunda olanlar i\u00e7in, burada 20 milyon insandan s\u00f6z ediyoruz,\u2019 diye diklenenler \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Ben de onlara, onlar\u0131n, 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l sorunlar\u0131na (demokratik, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc, bilimsel serinkanl\u0131l\u0131kla) bakanlar\u0131n \u2018az\u0131nl\u0131k\u2019 i\u00e7in dertlenmelerinden dahi ibret almamaya yatk\u0131n numaralar\u0131n\u0131n \u2013ancak- \u00e7ad\u0131r g\u00f6sterilerine dahil olabilece\u011fini belirtmekle yetinirim.<\/p>\n

Evet; bu yaz\u0131 i\u00e7inde ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en (ve ge\u00e7emeyen) akl\u0131 selim sahibi medeni insanlar\u0131n (y\u0131llar\u0131n bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, g\u00f6zlem ve verilerinden kalkarak) \u00f6nerdikleri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yol ve y\u00f6nlendirici vurgular\u0131 ise \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u2018Dile \u0130li\u015fkin \u0130nsan Hakk\u0131\u2019 ile de uyumlu olarak, an\u0131lan durumlarda, en \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc, s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n, devlet okullar\u0131nda (paras\u0131z), kendi anadillerinde ilkokul e\u011fitimi (en az 6, tercihen 8 y\u0131l olmak \u00fczere) almalar\u0131d\u0131r; 2. Okulun ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklar anadilleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan k\u0131r\u0131lgand\u0131r; anadillerini kolayl\u0131kla yitirebilirler; 3. Temel e\u011fitim anadilinde verilirken, ayr\u0131 bir ders olarak \u2018resmi\u2019 dil, yeterli uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan ikidilli bir \u00f6\u011fretmen taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011fretilmelidir (ana dilinin yerine de\u011fil, ikinci dil olarak); 4. \u0130kidillik, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n dilsel geli\u015fimi ve e\u011fitimleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zenginle\u015ftirici bir imk\u00e2nd\u0131r; 5. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n anadillerindeki geli\u015fim d\u00fczeyi, ikinci bir dilin geli\u015fiminin de temel belirleyenidir (Goethe \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201cYaln\u0131zca bir dil bilen asl\u0131nda o dili de bilmiyordur\u201d); 6. Anadilinin y\u00fcreklendirilmesi, yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ocu\u011fun dilini de\u011fil, topluluk i\u00e7indeki kimli\u011fini\/ki\u015fili\u011fini de geli\u015ftirir (\u00e7ocu\u011fun dilinin reddi, kendisinin de reddidir); 7. Kendi anadilinde e\u011fitime tan\u0131nan \u00f6nem ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n daha sonra resmi dilde (ya da bir ba\u015fka dilde) alacaklar\u0131 akademik e\u011fitimdeki geli\u015fmelerini ketlemez, destekler; 8. Anadilinde temel e\u011fitim ve \u00e7okdillilik, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n bili\u015fsel yetilerini ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 kimliklerini geli\u015ftirir; 9. Anadilinde temel e\u011fitim hakk\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ile edinilecek kazan\u00e7lar, yaln\u0131zca o anadilinin sahipleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, toplumun geneli a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da (manevi duru\u015f, toplumsal bar\u0131\u015f ve iktisadi bak\u0131mlardan) bir kazan\u00e7t\u0131r. (Grin, s\u00f6z konusu duyarl\u0131\u011fa ili\u015fkin yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n, aksi durumun yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi siyasi \u00e7alkant\u0131lara y\u00f6nelik g\u00fcvenlik kayg\u0131l\u0131 harcamalardan daha masrafl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anar \u2013ki, \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6zellikle, reddedilemeyecek bir ger\u00e7ekliktir); 10. Farkl\u0131l\u0131klara ya\u015fam alan\u0131 a\u00e7an dilsel zenginlik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, ayn\u0131 zamanda, canl\u0131 \u00e7evre ve genel k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan, gezegenimizle kurdu\u011fumuz ili\u015fkinin de zenginle\u015ftiricisidir (da\u011f\u0131n, derenin, tepenin ad\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren \u00e7ad\u0131r numaralar\u0131 bu ba\u011flamda de\u011ferlendirilmelidir).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Nihayetinde; \u00e7ad\u0131r i\u00e7inde kalmaya ve bildik numaralarla \u00f6m\u00fcr t\u00fcketmeye, y\u0131llara yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f y\u00fczlerce bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na burun k\u0131v\u0131rmaya meyyal ahaliyi, \u0130spanya, Bel\u00e7ika, Galler gibi \u00f6rneklere hi\u00e7 de\u011fil, Etiyopya, Burkina Faso, Peru, Bolivya, Vietnam, Hindistan, Irak K\u00fcrdistan\u0131, Papua Yeni Gine, Eritre, Nijerya, Guatemala, Mali, vs\u2019de olan bitene kulak kabartmaya davet etmekle yetinmek isterim.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u0130lk kez, 8 Ekim 2010\u2019da Radikal\/ \u2018Yorum\u2019 sayfas\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ve anadillerinde savunma ve e\u011fitim hakk\u0131 talebiyle \u00f6l\u00fcme yatanlara ithaf edilmi\u015fti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      **Psikiyatr\/psikanalist<\/p>\n

      hyetert.org<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Anadilinin y\u00fcreklendirilmesi, yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ocu\u011fun dilini de\u011fil, topluluk i\u00e7indeki kimli\u011fini\/ki\u015fili\u011fini de geli\u015ftirir (\u00e7ocu\u011fun dilinin reddi, kendisinin de reddidir). Hal\u00fbk Sunat** \u201cK\u00fcrt\u00e7e anadilinde e\u011fitim pedagojik de\u011fildir\u201d diyenlere\u2026 Geni\u015f\u00e7e bir \u00e7ad\u0131rday\u0131z. E\u015fine, benzerine rastlanmas\u0131 pek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan, kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yasalar\u0131n anas\u0131ndan alan t\u00fcrl\u00fc-\u00e7e\u015fitli \u2018numara\u2019n\u0131n sergilendi\u011fi, geni\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7e bir \u00e7ad\u0131r. 21. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan uzan\u0131p \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 aralad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda ancak, tan\u0131k oluyorsunuz, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":63237,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nDile ili\u015fkin insan hakk\u0131 ya da insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7* - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=63236\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dile ili\u015fkin insan hakk\u0131 ya da insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7* - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Anadilinin y\u00fcreklendirilmesi, yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ocu\u011fun dilini de\u011fil, topluluk i\u00e7indeki kimli\u011fini\/ki\u015fili\u011fini de geli\u015ftirir (\u00e7ocu\u011fun dilinin reddi, kendisinin de reddidir). 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