![\"\"](\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/sal-360x208.jpg\")
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u00f6y koruculuk sisteminin, PKK \u00e7evrelerince Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f versiyonu olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fini biliyoruz\u2026<\/p>\nG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u00f6y koruculuk sisteminin, PKK \u00e7evrelerince Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f versiyonu olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fini biliyoruz\u2026<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrd milliyet\u00e7i \u00e7evrelerin, Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131na dair de\u011ferlendirmeleri genellikle olumsuzdur.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrtlerin birle\u015fip ulusal bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir engel olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri kurumu,<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrtlerin ulusal geli\u015fimini geciktirdi\u011fi<\/p>\n
A\u015firet\u00e7ili\u011fi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi\u011fi<\/p>\n
Mezhepsel, etnik ve dinsel \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckledi\u011fi<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrd toplumunun ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na zarar verdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle sert bir dille ele\u015ftirirler.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdistan Gazetesi\u2019nden \u00e7ok daha sert bir tonda ele\u015ftirilerini dillendirenlerden Nuri Dersimi, alaylar\u0131 T\u00fcrklere kulluk eden soysuzlar olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcrd \u015fair Cegerxw\u00een; kan d\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fc Yeni\u00e7erilere benzetti\u011fi alaylar\u0131, J\u00f6n T\u00fcrkleri korkutan cahil ve fakir K\u00fcrtler olarak vasfetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kadri Cemil Pa\u015fa da an\u0131lar\u0131nda, Birinci Cihan Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda Cibran ve Hasenan K\u00fcrd Hamidiyesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve fakat onlardan K\u00fcrd milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in bekledi\u011fi ilgi ve al\u00e2kay\u0131 g\u00f6remedi\u011fini yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130smail Be\u015fik\u00e7i alaylar\u0131, sadece K\u00fcrdlerle Ermeniler aras\u0131 de\u011fil, K\u00fcrd a\u015firetlerinin kendi aralar\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da derinle\u015ftiren bir yap\u0131, feodalizmi g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren bir kurum olarak de\u011ferlendirmi\u015f ve bu kurnaz politikas\u0131 \u00fczerinden Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019i ele\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131 ordusunda subayl\u0131k da yapm\u0131\u015f olan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131-yazar Mehmed Emin Zeki Beg; Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 alaylar\u0131n e\u011fitim, te\u00e7hizat ve madd\u00ee gereksinimleriyle yeterince ilgilenmedi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle ele\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Kemal Burkay, \u0130smail Be\u015fik\u00e7i ve Bazil Nikitin de alaylar\u0131 asker\u00ee e\u011fitim, disiplin ve te\u00e7hizat a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece yetersiz g\u00f6ren Osmanl\u0131 sadrazam\u0131 Said Pa\u015fa ile hemfikirdirler. (Nihat Karademir, Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid ve K\u00fcrtler, N\u00fbbihar yy.)<\/p>\n
Hamidiye albay\u0131 olan Haydaran A\u015firet reisi K\u00f6r H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n torunu Kemal S\u00fcphanda\u011f\u2019\u0131n, kendi kitab\u0131na B\u00fcy\u00fck Osmanl\u0131 Entrikas\u0131 Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 ismini vermesini de nazara ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Nezan Kendal\u2019den Cel\u00e2l Temel\u2019e kadar nice K\u00fcrd siyaset\u00e7i, ayd\u0131n ve yazar\u0131n Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131 K\u00fcrd milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015fimine engel olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleyebiliriz\u2026<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u00f6y koruculuk sisteminin, PKK \u00e7evrelerince Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f versiyonu olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fini biliyoruz\u2026<\/p>\n
Cumhuriyet devrinin T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7isi ve devlet\u00e7i kesimleri ise K\u00fcrd milliyet\u00e7i \u00e7evrelerin z\u0131dd\u0131na olarak, K\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini ba\u015flat\u0131p geli\u015ftiren bir siyas\u00ee hamle olarak kabul ettikleri Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 \u00fczerinden Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019i adeta topa tutmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
General Kenan Esengin, M.Salih San, S\u00fcleyman Sabri Pa\u015fa gibi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, K\u00fcrd kimli\u011finin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda iki Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131n\u0131 yani Sultan Selim ve Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019i k\u00f6t\u00fc sab\u0131kal\u0131 olarak kaydederler.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcnni Cibranl\u0131 A\u015fireti ile olan kan davalar\u0131n\u0131n da etkisiyle resmi ideolojinin K\u00fcrd kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 politikalar\u0131na alet olan Alevi Hormek a\u015firetinden Mehmet \u015eerif F\u0131rat da kitab\u0131nda Hamidiye sistemini, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Yavuz\u2019dan sonraki ikinci tarih\u00ee hatas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir. (Do\u011fu \u0130lleri ve Varto Tarihi, s.15,34,35,133)<\/p>\n
7 Aral\u0131k 1936 g\u00fcn\u00fc toplanan \u201cUmumi M\u00fcfetti\u015f Konferans\u0131\u201dnda konu\u015fan A\u011fr\u0131, Kars, Erzurum, Rize, Trabzon, G\u00fcm\u00fcshane ve \u00c7orum illerini kapsayan b\u00f6lgeden sorumlu \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Umumi M\u00fcfetti\u015f Tahsin Uzer, K\u00fcrt\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde kurulan Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 ile ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. (Aktaran; Nihat Karademir, age. U\u011fur Mumcu, K\u00fcrt Dosyas\u0131, s.153, Tekin Yay\u0131nevi)<\/p>\n
D\u00f6nemin kimi Osmanl\u0131 b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131 da Hamidiye sistemini K\u00fcrdleri e\u011fitip, \u00f6rg\u00fctleyerek isyanlara zemin haz\u0131rlayacak kayg\u0131s\u0131yla devletin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden bir organizasyon olarak okumu\u015flar.<\/p>\n
Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid, sonradan kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 siyas\u00ee an\u0131lar\u0131nda s\u00f6zkonusu ele\u015ftirilere, alaylar\u0131n fikir babas\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda kay\u0131nbiraderi olan Zeki Pa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 savunarak \u015f\u00f6yle cevap vermi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
\u201cK\u00fcrt alaylar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil etti\u011fim i\u00e7in, Avrupa gazeteleri ac\u0131 tenkitlerde bulunuyor ve bu alaylar\u0131n te\u015fkiliyle, \u015eark vilayetlerinde Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 vah\u015fice davrand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyorlar.. Her ne kadar pa\u015falar\u0131m\u0131zdan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da, \u2018K\u00fcrt Kazaklar\u0131\u2019 ile te\u015fkil etti\u011fimiz alaylara itiraz ettikleri bir hakikat ise de, fikir, Erzurum eski 4. Ordu Kumandan\u0131 Zeki Pa\u015fa\u2019ya ait oldu\u011fundan, bu meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131skanm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131na da del\u00e2let edebilir.<\/p>\n
Rusya ile harp vukuunda, disiplinli bir \u015fekilde yeti\u015ftirilen bu K\u00fcrt alaylar\u0131 bize \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck hizmetlerde bulundular. Zabit unvan\u0131 verdi\u011fimiz K\u00fcrt a\u011falar\u0131 yeni mevkileriyle \u00f6v\u00fcnecekler ve bir miktar zapt-u rapt alt\u0131na gireceklerdir.. Baz\u0131 K\u00fcrt a\u011falar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019a getirip memuriyete yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fim i\u00e7in tenkit edildi\u011fimi de biliyorum. Senelerdir H\u0131ristiyan Ermeniler naz\u0131r mevkilerini i\u015fgal etmi\u015flerdir. Bundan sonra da kendi di nimizden olan K\u00fcrtleri kendimize yakla\u015ft\u0131rmakta ne gibi zarar vard\u0131r? Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Bedirhano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 himaye etti\u011fim ve merkezde muhafaza etti\u011fim i\u00e7in, bunlar\u0131n memleketin huzurunu bozacaklar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenerek tenkit ediliyorum. Tenkit etsinler. Fakat ben kabul etti\u011fim K\u00fcrt politikalar\u0131nda do\u011fru yolda oldu\u011fum kanaatindeyim.\u201d (Siyas\u00ee Hat\u0131rat\u0131m, Derg\u00e2h yy. s.74,75. 1975)<\/p>\n
Anla\u015f\u0131lan; Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid, T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck politikas\u0131 ad\u0131na de\u011fil belki kendi itibar\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131 saltanat\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 hesab\u0131na, K\u00fcrd a\u015firetlerinin kendisine ve devlete olan sadakat ve ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 peki\u015ftiren bu projeye s\u0131cak bakm\u0131\u015f ve S\u00fcnni m\u00fcsl\u00fcman K\u00fcrdlerin devletle \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan ciddi menfaatlerine ra\u011fmen Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 sistemini onaylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Amerikal\u0131 profes\u00f6r Robert Olson; Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131n ve Mekteb-i A\u015firet-i H\u00fcmayun denilen A\u015firet Mektebi\u2019nin K\u00fcrd milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131y\u0131 tespit eden de\u011ferli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lardan biri.<\/p>\n
(Hamid Bozarslan ve Bask\u0131n Oran da bu paralelde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f beyan etmi\u015flerdir.)<\/p>\n
Olson; K\u00fcrd milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin geli\u015fimi s\u00fcrecindeki en \u00f6nemli a\u015famalardan biri olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Hamidiye Sisteminin S\u00fcnni K\u00fcrdler aras\u0131ndaki dayan\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirip K\u00fcrdlere \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f sava\u015f tecr\u00fcbesi kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalarda farkl\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerle tan\u0131\u015fma f\u0131rsat\u0131 verdi\u011fini ve askeri teknolojiyi kullanma \u00f6zg\u00fcvenini de a\u015f\u0131layarak K\u00fcrd milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi\u011fini savunmu\u015ftur. (Robert Olson, K\u00fcrt Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini Kaynaklar\u0131, \u00d6z-ge yay\u0131nlar\u0131)<\/p>\n
Azad\u00ee\u2019nin kurucular\u0131ndan miralay Cibranl\u0131 Halid Beg ve birinci kurucu meclisde Bitlis milletvekili Yusuf Ziya, A\u011fr\u0131 Direni\u015fi\u2019nin sembol ismi \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa, Hasenanl\u0131 R\u0131za Halid, Mil\u00eeli \u0130br\u00e2him Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n<\/p>\n
Hamidiye sisteminde yeti\u015fmi\u015f K\u00fcrdlerin \u00f6nemli mill\u00ee ve dini fig\u00fcrlerinden olmalar\u0131 bu tezi destekler niteliktedir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrd ve Arap gibi toplumlar\u0131n a\u015firetlerini vah\u015fet ve bedevilikten kurtarmak gibi modernist bir misyona, \u00fcstenci bir \u00fcsluba da sahip Mekteb-i H\u00fcmayun\u2019da devletten maa\u015f alarak okuyan Arab, K\u00fcrd, Arnavut gen\u00e7lerinin 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k e\u011fitim m\u00fcfredat\u0131n\u0131 tamamlay\u0131p okuldan mezun olduktan sonra kimilerinin a\u015firet b\u00f6lgelerine d\u00f6n\u00fcp subay, kaymakam veya \u00f6\u011fretmen olarak atand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da Harbiye ve M\u00fclkiye gibi \u00fcst okullarda \u00f6\u011frenimlerine devam ettiklerini biliyoruz.<\/p>\n
\u0130stanbul\u2019daki iki \u00f6nemli K\u00fcrd \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcnden biri olup 1912\u2019de kurulan K\u00fcrd Talebe Cemiyeti H\u00eav\u00ee\u2019de aktif olan gen\u00e7lerin belirgin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n bu okulun \u00f6\u011frencileri oldu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1892\u2019de kurulup 1907\u2019de kapat\u0131lan bu A\u015firet Mektebinin \u00f6nemi biraz daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Mektebin lehinde ve fakat alaylar\u0131n aleyhinde yazan d\u00f6nemin K\u00fcrdistan Gazetesi\u2019nin yan\u0131nda, Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in e\u011fitim alan\u0131ndaki bu at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ciddiye al\u0131p de\u011ferli bulanlardan biri de me\u015fhur K\u00fcrd alimi Bedi\u00fczzaman Se\u00eed\u00ea Kurd\u00ee\u2019dir.<\/p>\n
O\u2019nun Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131\u2019na dair yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ise gazeteden farkl\u0131 olarak tekd\u00fcze olmay\u0131p \u015fartl\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u00f6yle ki;<\/p>\n
\u2026 (devam\u0131 haftaya)<\/p>\n
artigercek.com<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u00f6y koruculuk sisteminin, PKK \u00e7evrelerince Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f versiyonu olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fini biliyoruz\u2026 K\u00fcrd milliyet\u00e7i \u00e7evrelerin, Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131na dair de\u011ferlendirmeleri genellikle olumsuzdur. K\u00fcrtlerin birle\u015fip ulusal bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir engel olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri kurumu, K\u00fcrtlerin ulusal geli\u015fimini geciktirdi\u011fi A\u015firet\u00e7ili\u011fi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi\u011fi Mezhepsel, etnik ve dinsel \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckledi\u011fi K\u00fcrd toplumunun ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na zarar verdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle sert […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":63226,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n