{"id":62368,"date":"2021-04-13T01:43:43","date_gmt":"2021-04-13T06:43:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=62368"},"modified":"2021-04-13T01:43:43","modified_gmt":"2021-04-13T06:43:43","slug":"izmirli-yahudiler-ve-birinci-juderia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=62368","title":{"rendered":"\u0130zmirli Yahudiler ve Birinci Juderia"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ferda Balancar<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
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Siren Bora\u2019n\u0131n kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Birinci Juderia: \u0130zmir\u2019in Eski Yahudi Mahallesi\u2019 kitab\u0131 \u0130zmir Musevi Cemaati Vakf\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 ve G\u00f6zlem Yay\u0131n\u2019\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fiyle yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u0130zmir Musevi Cemaati Vakf\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u0130zmirli Yahudilerin tarihine ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne odaklanan bir serinin ilk kitab\u0131 olan eserde, \u0130zmir\u2019in ilk Yahudi mahallesinin tarihi 17. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ele al\u0131n\u0131yor. \u0130zmir ve \u00e7evresi \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitaplarla tan\u0131nan Dr. Siren Bora ile d\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne \u0130zmir\u2019i ve \u0130zmir Yahudi toplumunu konu\u015ftuk.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Birinci Juderia g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz \u0130zmir\u2019inde olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f bir alana tekab\u00fcl ediyor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu alanda Yahudi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan geriye neler kalm\u0131\u015f durumda?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hakl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z,\u00a0 Birinci Juderia olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f bir alana tekab\u00fcl ediyor. \u00dcstelik bug\u00fcn, \u0130zmir\u2019in en i\u015flek ve en kalabal\u0131k ticaret b\u00f6lgesi \u00fczerinde yer al\u0131yor. S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fim alan, Basmane\u2019den Kadifekale eteklerine, Kadifekale eteklerinden Havra Soka\u011f\u0131 Pazar\u0131\u2019na oradan da Kemeralt\u0131 Caddesi\u2019ne kadar uzan\u0131yor. Antik kentin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgede, hem Smyrna Agoras\u0131 arkeolojik kaz\u0131 alan\u0131; hem de \u0130zmir\u2019in \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc ve \u00e7ok dinli toplumsal tarihini vurgulayan camiler, kiliseler ve sinagoglar mevcut. Ayr\u0131ca lokantalar\u0131, otelleri, k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezlerini, envai \u00e7e\u015fit g\u0131dan\u0131n ve giysinin toptan ya da perakende sat\u0131\u015fa sunuldu\u011fu d\u00fckkanlar\u0131 da ilave edelim.\u00a0 Bu b\u00f6lge, \u0130zmir kentinin kalbinin tekleyerek de olsa, h\u00e2l\u00e2 att\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, bu alanda Yahudi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan geriye kalan en \u00f6nemli mekanlardan biri, Havra Soka\u011f\u0131 Pazar\u0131. \u0130zmir\u2019de ya\u015fay\u0131p da Havra Soka\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan haberi olmayan tek bir ki\u015fi bulamazs\u0131n\u0131z diyebilirim. Ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evresinde yer havralardan alan soka\u011f\u0131n, 400 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihi bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi var. Zaman\u0131nda Yahudilere ait d\u00fckkanlar\u0131, \u015faraphaneleri ve meyhaneleri bar\u0131nd\u0131ran 136 metre uzunlu\u011fundaki bu sokakta, bug\u00fcn bal\u0131k, peynir, helva ve sebze satan d\u00fckkanlar yer al\u0131yor. Bir de 1895\u2019te Halifa Politi taraf\u0131ndan kurulan \u015farap fabrikas\u0131na ait b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yap\u0131 mevcut. Tarihsel ge\u00e7mi\u015fi g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilip, sadece Ak\u0131n Pasaj\u0131 ad\u0131yla restore edilmekte olan yap\u0131n\u0131n giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerindeki kilit ta\u015f\u0131nda, \u0130brani takvimiyle 5660 (1900) tarihi h\u00e2l\u00e2 yaz\u0131l\u0131.<\/p>\n

Birinci Juderia\u2019da sinagoglar var. Bet Hillel Sinagogu, k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce Rav Pala\u00e7i An\u0131 Evi olarak restore edilip ziyarete a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Portugal Sinagogu, \u0130zmir Musevi Cemaati Vakf\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan bir protokolle Ege Gen\u00e7 \u0130\u015f adamlar\u0131 Derne\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan restore edilerek, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkinlik merkezi olarak kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Etz Hayim Sinagogu\u2019nun restorasyonu ise tamamlanmak \u00fczere. Onun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan Hevra (Talmud Tora) Sinagogu koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. Hevra Sinagogu\u2019nun yan\u0131nda biri tamamen y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan (Forasteros Sinagogu), di\u011ferleri ise sa\u011flam durumda \u00fc\u00e7 sinagog daha var (Neve \u015ealom, Senyora ve Algazi sinagoglar\u0131). Bir de \u0130ki\u00e7e\u015fmelik Caddesi \u00fczerinde yer alan \u00c7avez ailesi taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilmi\u015f Bikur Holim Sinagogu mevcut. \u00a0Ayr\u0131ca, \u2018Smyrna Agoras\u0131 Kaz\u0131 Alan\u0131\u2019 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde, \u0130zmir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi taraf\u0131ndan restore edilen Sabetay Tsevi Kortijosu var.<\/p>\n

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Bug\u00fcn \u0130zmir Yahudi toplumunun ne kadar\u0131 Birinci Juderia b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015f\u0131yor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn, Birinci Juderia olarak tan\u0131mlanan eski Yahudi mahallesinde ya\u015fayan tek bir Yahudi bulamazs\u0131n\u0131z. 1948\u2019e kadar b\u00f6lgede yo\u011fun bir Yahudi yerle\u015fimi mevcuttu. Ama \u0130srail Devleti\u2019nin kurulu\u015fundan sonra, Birinci Juderia\u2019dan \u0130srail\u2019e toplu g\u00f6\u00e7ler ba\u015flad\u0131. Hatta \u0130srail\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7 eden aileler nedeniyle, 1950\u2019lerde kentteki Yahudi n\u00fcfusu \u00fc\u00e7 bine kadar d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. G\u00f6\u00e7ler sadece \u0130srail\u2019e de\u011fildi. Avrupa ve Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131na gidenler de vard\u0131. Geride kalan son aileler ise, Karata\u015f\u2019a yani \u0130kinci Juderia\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131lar. 1948 ile 1950\u2019li y\u0131llar aras\u0131nda meydana gelen Yahudi g\u00f6\u00e7leri nedeniyle eski Yahudi mahallesi s\u00fcrekli kan kaybetti. Sonunda Birinci Juderia tamamen bo\u015fald\u0131 ve kimlik de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Yahudilerden bo\u015falan konutlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, \u00f6zellikle Yahudihaneler, Anadolu k\u00f6kenli M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk g\u00f6\u00e7menler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci Juderia Mahallesi bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130zmir\u2019de hangi b\u00f6lgeye denk d\u00fc\u015fmektedir? G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu alanda Yahudi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak neler vard\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130kinci Juderia; Karata\u015f, Karantina, G\u00f6ztepe ve Halil R\u0131fat Pa\u015fa aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgeyi kapsamaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu alanda iki adet sinagog var. Biri Karata\u015f Bet \u0130srail Sinagogu, di\u011feri ise Ro\u015f HaHar Sinagogu. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130zmir Yahudileri taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilen ve \u0130zmir kentine h\u00e2l\u00e2 hizmet etmekte olan iki yap\u0131 var. Bunlardan biri Karata\u015f Asans\u00f6r\u00fc; di\u011feri ise, Karata\u015f Hastanesi. \u00d6zellikle Karata\u015f\u2019taki Asans\u00f6r binas\u0131, bug\u00fcn \u0130zmir\u2019in d\u00fcnyaca tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f simgelerinden biri haline geldi.<\/p>\n

\"\u0130kinci<\/div>\n
\u0130kinci Juderia’dan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

Birinci Juderia ve \u0130kinci Juderia mahalleleri aras\u0131nda tarihsel olarak s\u0131n\u0131fsal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, farkl\u0131l\u0131klar var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ki mahalle aras\u0131nda, sadece fark de\u011fil, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir u\u00e7urum mevcut diyebilirim. 1880\u2019lerden itibaren \u0130kinci Juderia\u2019ya yerle\u015fen aileler cemaatin zengin s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131yd\u0131. Alliance Isra\u00e9lite Universelle\u2019in modern okullar\u0131nda e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonra i\u015f hayat\u0131na at\u0131l\u0131p zenginle\u015fen ve Yahudi burjuva s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan Yahudiler de 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda onlara dahil oldu. K\u0131sacas\u0131 Birinci Juderia\u2019dan ayr\u0131lanlar\u0131n, \u2018\u00e7o\u011funlukla\u2019 hem zengin hem de e\u011fitimli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Demek ki geride kalanlar, yoksul Yahudi ailelerdi. Pek \u00e7o\u011fu yahudihanelerde ve \u2018kortijo\u2019larda ya\u015f\u0131yordu. \u00d6te yandan, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011finde Almanya, Rusya ve Polonya\u2019dan \u0130zmir\u2019e gelen yoksul A\u015fkenaz Yahudileri, sadece Birinci Juderia\u2019da kalacak yer buldu. Osmanl\u0131 k\u00f6kenli olmayan g\u00f6\u00e7menler, Birinci Juderia\u2019da kalan cahil, yoksul ve fanatik Sefarad Yahudilerine Siyonizmi i\u015flediler. Ama Sefarad Yahudileri i\u00e7in Siyonizm, asla bir ideal olmad\u0131. Sadece, yoksulluktan ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f yoluydu.\u00a0 B\u00f6ylece Birinci ve \u0130kinci Juderia iki gruba ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Taraflardan biri, Birinci Juderia\u2019daki Irgatpazar\u0131 grubuydu ve Siyonizm sempatizan\u0131yd\u0131.\u00a0 Di\u011feri ise, Karata\u015f Yahudileriydi ve Siyonizm kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131yd\u0131.\u00a0 Alliance Isra\u00e9lite Universelle\u2019in t\u00fcm Osmanl\u0131 kentlerindeki temsilcilerinin, Paris\u2019teki merkez b\u00fcroya yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektuplar, Alliance\u2019\u0131n Siyonist etkinliklere muhalefetini dile getiriyordu. Hatta, Siyonist\u2013Alliance \u00e7eki\u015fmesi, adeta, Sefarad-A\u015fkenaz \u00e7eki\u015fmesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu \u00e7eki\u015fmenin \u0130zmir\u2019deki uzant\u0131s\u0131, \u2018Alliance\u2019 destek\u00e7isi Karata\u015f grubu ile \u2018Osmanl\u0131 olmayan Yahudilerin eseri\u2019 olan Siyonist Irgatpazar\u0131 grubu aras\u0131ndayd\u0131. Yahudi burjuvas\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fim yeri olan Karata\u015f grubu Frans\u0131zca konu\u015furken; daha \u00e7ok yoksullar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Irgatpazar\u0131 grubu Judeo \u0130spanyol dilini kullanmaktayd\u0131. Karata\u015f\u2019ta oturan Alliance grubunun ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u011fitim \u00e7a\u011fda\u015fken; Irgatpazar\u0131 grubunun ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u011fitim, geleneksel e\u011fitimdi.<\/p>\n

1922 \u0130zmir Yang\u0131n\u0131\u2019nda Birinci Juderia etkilenmemi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen yang\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u0130zmir\u2019den b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Yahudi g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011freniyoruz. Bunun nedenleri nelerdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

1922 Yang\u0131n\u0131, \u0130zmir\u2019i harabeye \u00e7evirdi. Evet, Birinci Juderia yang\u0131ndan etkilenmedi. Ama yang\u0131n b\u00f6lgesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fletme ve ma\u011faza sahibi olan Yahudiler vard\u0131. Ve onlar maddi zarara u\u011frad\u0131lar. \u00d6te yandan, kentin i\u015fgalden kurtar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnlerdeki \u2018kaos\u2019, pek \u00e7ok Yahudi ailenin pani\u011fe kap\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olsa gerek. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Yahudi hastanesi ve Yahudi okullar\u0131n\u0131n idaresinden sorumlu olan y\u00f6netici kadronun dahi, Avrupa\u2019ya ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. 12 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan Cemaat Y\u00f6netim Kurulu\u2019nun \u00fcyelerinden sadece \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc kentte kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu arada, \u0130zmir \u00e7evresindeki yerle\u015fim merkezlerinden (Manisa, Kasaba, Ayd\u0131n ve Nazilli) \u0130zmir\u2019e yo\u011fun bir Yahudi g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn oldu\u011funu da g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fim yerle\u015fim yerlerinde ya\u015fayan Yahudiler, mahalleleri tamamen yand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130zmir\u2019e gelip s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Say\u0131lar\u0131 15 bini bulan Bat\u0131 Anadolu g\u00f6\u00e7menleri, \u00f6nce ge\u00e7ici olarak \u0130zmir sinagoglar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirildiler. Ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yeniden kurabilecek maddi olanaklara sahip olanlar kentte kald\u0131; di\u011ferleri ise Bat\u0131 Avrupa ya da G\u00fcney Amerika \u00fclkelerine g\u00f6\u00e7 etti.<\/p>\n

1948\u2019de \u0130srail\u2019in kurulu\u015funun ard\u0131ndan 1960\u2019lara kadar \u0130zmir Yahudi n\u00fcfusunun \u00fc\u00e7te ikisi \u0130srail\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7 ediyor. Bunda \u0130srail\u2019in gelece\u011fine duyulan inanc\u0131n elbette \u00f6nemli bir pay\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ekonomik, sosyal nedenler, o y\u0131llarda \u0130zmir\u2019de ya\u015fananlar\u0131n bu kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7te ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkili olmu\u015f?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bence k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6nemi. D\u00f6nemin iki \u00f6nemli adaletsiz uygulamas\u0131 var ki; bunlar, kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc tetikledi. Bunlardan ilki Yirmi Kur\u2019a \u0130htiyat. Di\u011feri ise, Varl\u0131k Vergisi. \u00a01941\u2019de ya\u015flar\u0131 20 ile 45 aras\u0131ndakiler, ihtiyat olarak askere al\u0131nmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Ba\u015fta \u0130stanbul, \u0130zmir ve Trakya\u2019daki kentler olmak \u00fczere pek \u00e7ok Yahudi, askerli\u011fini yapm\u0131\u015f olsa dahi ko\u015fulsuz olarak askere \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Askere al\u0131nanlara, farkl\u0131 kuma\u015flardan dikilmi\u015f farkl\u0131 giysiler verildi ve geri planda istihdam edildiler. Onurla askerlik g\u00f6revini ifa etmeye giden T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir ay\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bir yanda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrkler, \u00f6te yanda gayrim\u00fcslimler. 27 Temmuz 1942 tarihinde Yirmi Kur\u2019a \u0130htiyatlar terhis edildi. B\u00f6ylece 14 ay s\u00fcren zorunlu askerlik d\u00f6nemi de tamamen sona erdi.\u00a0 Fakat geri d\u00f6nen Yahudiler, k\u0131rg\u0131nd\u0131. Onurlar\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

12 Kas\u0131m 1942 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Varl\u0131k Vergisi Kanunu ile, \u0130zmir\u2019de Varl\u0131k Vergisi m\u00fckelleflerinin say\u0131s\u0131 belirlendi. Toplam 349 vergi m\u00fckellefinin 156\u2019s\u0131 Yahudi\u2019ydi. 1943\u2019\u00fcn ilk ay\u0131nda Varl\u0131k Vergisi borcunu \u00f6demeyen m\u00fckelleflerin ev e\u015fyalar\u0131 haczedilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. \u00a0Varl\u0131k Vergisi borcundan dolay\u0131 e\u015fyalar\u0131 sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan m\u00fckelleflerin adlar\u0131 ve adresleri bas\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla halka duyuruldu. Cezal\u0131 \u00f6deme s\u00fcresinin sonunda, vergi borcunu \u00f6demeyen m\u00fckellefler hakk\u0131nda bir yandan haciz i\u015flemleri yap\u0131l\u0131rken; \u00f6te yandan, kamplara ve i\u015f merkezlerine sevkleri konusu g\u00fcndeme getirildi. Toplama kamp\u0131 olarak merkezde B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Salep\u00e7io\u011flu Hanlar\u0131, Buca, Tepecik, Karantina ve Kar\u015f\u0131yaka\u2019da birer bina belirlendi. Uygulamalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda, bu binalardan sadece Tepecik Kemer\u2019deki bina kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Kemer Toplama Kamp\u0131na be\u015f ayr\u0131 kafile ile g\u00f6nderilen bor\u00e7lular aras\u0131nda, 82 Yahudi vergi m\u00fckellefi vard\u0131. Asl\u0131nda Sara\u00e7o\u011flu h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kanunu \u00e7\u0131karma gerek\u00e7esi son derece makuld\u00fc. Sava\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131nda karaborsa \u00f6nlenemiyordu. Temel g\u0131da maddelerinin fiyatlar\u0131ndaki s\u00fcrekli art\u0131\u015f ve onlara ula\u015fman\u0131n zorlu\u011fu halk\u0131 bunaltm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bizim Varl\u0131k Vergisi olarak bildi\u011fimiz Fevkalade Kazan\u00e7lar Vergilendirilmesi Kanunu\u2019nun \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131\u015f amac\u0131 da yeni kaynak aray\u0131\u015f\u0131yd\u0131. Ancak M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk ile gayrim\u00fcslim vatanda\u015flar aras\u0131ndaki verginin tahakkukuna ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131m adaletsizli\u011fe yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ayn\u0131 yerde, ayn\u0131 i\u015fi yapan iki ki\u015fiden gayrim\u00fcslim olan, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk olandan 20 kat daha fazla vergiye t\u00e2bi tutulmu\u015ftu. \u00dclkenin maddi sorunlar\u0131, bir avu\u00e7 insan\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u00fcklenmi\u015fti. B\u00f6ylece pek \u00e7ok Yahudi mal\u0131n\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve can\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, \u00fclkelerinden k\u0131rg\u0131n ayr\u0131ld\u0131lar. 1955\u2019te meydana gelen 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl Olaylar\u0131 ise, hem \u0130zmir\u2019den hem de \u00fclkeden ayr\u0131lan Yahudi ailelerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/25546\/izmirli-yahudiler-ve-birinci-juderia\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ferda Balancar\u00a0 Siren Bora\u2019n\u0131n kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Birinci Juderia: \u0130zmir\u2019in Eski Yahudi Mahallesi\u2019 kitab\u0131 \u0130zmir Musevi Cemaati Vakf\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 ve G\u00f6zlem Yay\u0131n\u2019\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fiyle yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u0130zmir Musevi Cemaati Vakf\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u0130zmirli Yahudilerin tarihine ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne odaklanan bir serinin ilk kitab\u0131 olan eserde, \u0130zmir\u2019in ilk Yahudi mahallesinin tarihi 17. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ele al\u0131n\u0131yor. \u0130zmir ve \u00e7evresi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":62369,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,33,54,71,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-izmir","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130zmirli Yahudiler ve Birinci Juderia - 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