{"id":62346,"date":"2021-04-12T02:32:20","date_gmt":"2021-04-12T07:32:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=62346"},"modified":"2021-04-12T02:32:20","modified_gmt":"2021-04-12T07:32:20","slug":"harutyun-amira-bezciyan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=62346","title":{"rendered":"Harutyun Amira Bezciyan"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Her y\u0131l Kutsal Surp Zadig (Paskalya) Yortusu geldi\u011finde, Surp Asdvadzadzin Patriklik Katedrali\u2019ndeki Surp Badarak sonras\u0131, HARUTYUN AM\u0130RA BEZC\u0130YAN, kilise k\u00fclliyesi i\u00e7erisinde bulunan mezar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda an\u0131l\u0131r. Ertesi Pazar ise, bizzat kendi giri\u015fimleriyle in\u015fa edilen Kumkap\u0131 D\u0131\u015f\u0131 S. Harutyun Kilisesi\u2019nin y\u0131ll\u0131k kutlamalar\u0131 vesilesiyle an\u0131lmaya devam eder.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Patrikli\u011fimizin \u201cLraper\u201d b\u00fclteni, bu vesileyle, Harutyun Amira Bezciyan\u2019\u0131 an\u0131yor ve onu tan\u0131tan metni y\u0131llar sonra tekrar sizlerle payla\u015f\u0131yor. Patrikli\u011fimizin din g\u00f6revlilerinden Rahip Hovagim Seropyan\u2019\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve y\u0131llar \u00f6nce \u201cD\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne \u0130stanbul Ansiklopedisi\u201d (K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Tarih Vakf\u0131 ortak yay\u0131n\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 1994, cilt 2., sayfa 223-224), daha sonra ise \u201cYa\u015famlar\u0131 ve yap\u0131tlar\u0131yla Osmanl\u0131lar Ansiklopedisi\u201dnde (Yap\u0131 Kredi K\u00fclt\u00fcr Sanat Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul, 1999, cilt I., sayfa 321-322) \u201cVa\u011far\u015fag Seropyan\u201d imzas\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanan Harutyun Amira Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n biyografisini sizlerle payla\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

Bu vesileyle hat\u0131rlatmak isteriz ki, daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiye ula\u015fmak isteyenler, Patrikli\u011fimiz yay\u0131n\u0131 olan \u201cHarutyun Amira Bezciyan\u201d kitab\u0131ndan da yararlanabilirler.<\/p>\n

LRAPER<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2013<\/p>\n

BEZC\u0130YAN, HARUTYUN<\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u0130stanbul, Yenikap\u0131, 10 Nisan 1771 \u2013 \u0130stanbul, Ortak\u00f6y, 3 Ocak 1834)<\/p>\n

Kazaz Artin veya Artin Amira Bezciyan. Hassa Darphane Emini, hay\u0131rsever, Sultan II. Mahmud\u2019un dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131<\/p>\n

\u0130lk\u00f6\u011frenimini Kumkap\u0131\u2019daki Ermeni ilkokulu Mayr Varjaran\u2019da (Bezciyan Okulu) tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra babas\u0131 ile ipek ticaretine ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden Kazaz s\u0131fat\u0131 ile an\u0131l\u0131r. 1802\u2019de ipek ticareti tekelini alan D\u00fczyan ailesi ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken Osmanl\u0131 saray mensuplar\u0131 ile tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. II. Mahmud\u2019un mali ve ki\u015fisel dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131, yak\u0131n dostu oldu. Sarayda Ermeni toplumunun bir \u00e7e\u015fit temsilcisi durumuna geldi.<\/p>\n

28 May\u0131s 1807\u2019de Kabak\u00e7\u0131 Mustafa Ayaklanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda yeni\u00e7eriler az\u0131nl\u0131klardan birer zenginin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp mallar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131na karar verdiklerinde, Ermenilerden ekmek\u00e7iba\u015f\u0131 nizam ustas\u0131 Harutyun Amira Noradunkyan\u2019\u0131, Katolik Ermeniler\u2019den Hovhannes \u00c7elebi D\u00fczyan\u2019\u0131, Rumlardan Todoraki\u2019yi, Musevilerden de t\u00fcccar Musa\u2019y\u0131 se\u00e7erler. Bezciyan ki\u015fisel \u00e7abalar\u0131yla bu infaz\u0131 \u00f6nler.<\/p>\n

Kartal\u2019daki zamanla harap Surp N\u0131\u015fan Ermeni Kilisesi\u2019ni g\u00f6ren Harutyun Amira Bezciyan, D\u00fczyan ailesi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile onar\u0131m ferman\u0131\u00e7\u0131kart\u0131p, ki\u015fisel imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 ile kiliseyi onart\u0131r. Onar\u0131m\u0131 Kumkap\u0131\u2019daki Surp Asdvadzadzin Kilisesi (Patriklik Katedrali) mimarlar\u0131ndan Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 Devlet Usta yapar. Kilise ile birlikte onar\u0131lan biti\u015fi\u011findeki okul halen Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Kilisenin bah\u00e7esine bir de \u00e7e\u015fme in\u015fa ettirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

D\u00fczyanlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile saray m\u00fcbayaac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00fckselen Bezciyan ileri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sayesinde saray\u0131n ve Darphane\u2019nin mali bak\u0131mdan k\u00f6t\u00fcye gitti\u011fini g\u00f6rerek g\u00f6revinden istifa eder. Entrika sonucu D\u00fczyan ailesi tutuklan\u0131r. Bu arada hassa mimar\u0131 Krikor Amira Balyan\u2019\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Darphane, Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n denetim ve y\u00f6netimine teslim edilir. D\u00fczyan ailesinin idamdan kurtulan \u00fcyelerinin hayat\u0131n\u0131 yine Bezciyan kurtar\u0131r. Katolikli\u011fe ba\u011flanan Ermenilerin, Gregoryenli\u011fe d\u00f6nmelerinde \u00f6nderli\u011fi yine Bezciyan yapar. 18 Nisan 1820\u2019de b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00f6renle katolik mezhebine d\u00f6nen din adamlar\u0131 da Ermeni Kilisesi\u2019ne kabul edilirler. Uzun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler sonucunda hem din adam\u0131, hem de sivil bir\u00e7ok Katolik Ermeninin, Ermeni Kilisesi\u2019ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc her ne kadar sevin\u00e7le kar\u015f\u0131lansa da baz\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ho\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. Ermeni ve Katolik kiliseleri aras\u0131ndaki antla\u015fma baz\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Ermeni Kilisesi\u2019nin Katolik Kilisesi himayesine girmesi olarak de\u011ferlendirilerek, \u00f6zellikle Katolik bir din adam\u0131 \u00f6nderli\u011finde halk galeyana getirilir. Patrikhane istila edilir, tevkifler vuku bulur. Be\u015f ki\u015finin ba\u015f\u0131 vurulur. Halk\u0131n \u00f6nde gelenleri \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlere s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrler. Bezciyan ise Limni Adas\u0131\u2019na s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. S\u00fcr\u00fclmeden \u00f6nce teslim etti\u011fi hesaplar i\u00e7in takdir edilerek, Darphane\u2019deki g\u00f6revini ba\u015far\u0131 ve d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fckle yerine getirdi\u011fine, hesab\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00fcyle verdi\u011fine, buna ra\u011fmen sosyal faaliyetlerindeki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 uyar\u0131 amac\u0131yla bu cezaya mahk\u00fbm edildi\u011fine dair belge verilir.<\/p>\n

Bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7meden \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nen Bezciyan \u00f6nce ceb-i h\u00fcmayun, yani II. Mahmud\u2019un ki\u015fisel sarrafl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, daha sonra da tekrar Darphane y\u00f6neticili\u011fine getirilir. D\u00fczyanlar\u0131n sonunu haz\u0131rlayan Halet Efendi ve Yahudi as\u0131ll\u0131 \u0130shel s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde bo\u011fularak idam edilirler. Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla D\u00fczyan ailesinin s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki \u00fcyeleri affedilerek \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nerler.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131-Rus sava\u015f\u0131 sonunda (1833) zarar\u0131 \u00f6demek i\u00e7in buldu\u011fu \u201cmetal\u201d para sistemi nedeniyle II. Mahmud taraf\u0131ndan en y\u00fcksek ni\u015fan olan \u201cTasvir-i H\u00fcmayun\u201dla \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi.<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n gayrimenkul al\u0131m sat\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulan vak\u0131f sisteminin kurucusu da yine Bezciyan\u2019d\u0131r. Patrikhane b\u00fcnyesinde Evsizlere Yard\u0131m Sand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tesis ettirdi. Evkaf Naz\u0131r\u0131 Tahir Efendi\u2019nin \u00f6nerisiyle 1832\u2019de gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n gelirlerinin evkafa devri emredildiyse de, Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucunda bu emir kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sosyal etkinliklerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, son derece dindar biri olan Bezciyan, Patrikhane binas\u0131 (1823), Kumkap\u0131\u2019daki Patriklik Katedral kompleksi (\u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck ve \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kilise, derslik, havuz, odalar) (1829) ve Ortak\u00f6y\u2019deki Surp Asdvadzadzin Kilisesi in\u015faatlar\u0131n\u0131n ve e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Ey\u00fcp kiliseleri de onun sayesinde onar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hassa tersanesinde devlet taraf\u0131ndan d\u00f6rt duvar\u0131 ve \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131lan kilisenin in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 Bezciyan tamamlat\u0131r, t\u00fcm e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 bizzat al\u0131r ve din adam\u0131 tahsisi i\u00e7in Patriklik Kilisesi\u2019ne 5000 kuru\u015f vakfeder. Kilise kendi ad\u0131yla Surp Harutyun (Kutsal Dirili\u015f) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7anakkale\u2019deki kilisenin \u00e7evresini duvarla \u00e7evirtir. Gelibolu\u2019da yap\u0131lmakta olan kiliseye ba\u011f\u0131\u015fta bulunur. Edirne\u2019deki ve Malkara\u2019daki kiliselerin borcunu kapat\u0131r. Ermeni kiliselerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yard\u0131mlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Rum ve Katolik kiliselerine de yard\u0131m eder.<\/p>\n

Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n dini alanda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli i\u015flerden biri de Kud\u00fcs\u2019te \u0130sa\u2019n\u0131n bo\u015f mezar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki Ermeni Kilisesi\u2019nde her g\u00fcn ayin yap\u0131lmas\u0131na dair hatt-\u0131 h\u00fcmayun almas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

E\u011fitime de \u00f6nem veren Bezciyan, Beyo\u011flu\u2019ndaki k\u0131z okulunun (1826), Kumkap\u0131\u2019daki okulun (1828, bug\u00fcn Bezciyan Ortaokulu), Surp Arekelots Azkayin (1830), Bo\u011fosyan erkek (1832), Varvaryan k\u0131z (1832), Topkap\u0131\u2019daki Bezciyan (1832), Ey\u00fcp\u2019teki karma (1832) okullar\u0131n\u0131n da kurucusudur. Ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131, fakat bitti\u011fini g\u00f6remedi\u011fi en \u00f6nemli eseri olan Kazl\u0131\u00e7e\u015fme\u2019deki Surp P\u0131rgi\u00e7 Hastanesi (1834, Yedikule Ermeni Hastanesi) bug\u00fcn de hizmetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7abas\u0131 ve maddi deste\u011fiyle Patrikhane binas\u0131 in\u015fa edilir (1823), Balatl\u0131 Kevork Tbir Der Hovhannesyan\u2019\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Fars\u00e7adan Ermenice\u2019ye s\u00f6zl\u00fck ve Venedik M\u0131khitarist Rahipler Toplulu\u011fu\u2019nun Ermenice s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yay\u0131nlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bezciyan \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, II. Mahmud\u2019un \u00f6zel ferman\u0131 ile Kumkap\u0131\u2019daki Surp Asdvadzadzin (Meryem Ana) Patriklik Katedrali\u2019nin Surp Harutyun \u015eapeli\u2019ne g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Bezciyan \u0130stanbul Ermenileri aras\u0131nda hay\u0131rseverlik ve hizmet sembol\u00fc haline gelmi\u015ftir. Onun ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131m, tarihe \u201cBezciyan emaneti\u201d, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ya\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 parlak d\u00f6nem ise \u201cBezciyan D\u00f6nemi\u201d diye ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bibliografya: Bedros Garabedyan, Hi\u015fadagaran Haryuramya Hopelyani Artiv Azkayin Anzukagan Parerar Yer\u00e7angahi\u015fadag Harutyun Amira Bezciyani Medzanun Himnatir Kumkap\u0131i Tursi Bo\u011fosyan-Varvaryan Yergser Varjarani (Kumkap\u0131 D\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bo\u011fosyan-Varvaryan Karma Okulu\u2019nun B\u00fcy\u00fck Kurucusu E\u015fsiz Hay\u0131rsever M\u00fcteveffa Harutyun Amira Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n Y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc Y\u0131l\u0131 An\u0131 Kitab\u0131), \u0130st., 1933, sy. 17-40; Avedis Berberyan, Badmutyun Hayots (Ermeni Tarihi), ist., 1871; Hagop Varjabedyan, Haryuramya Hopelyan Vera\u015finutyan Badriarkanisd Mayr Yege\u011fetzvuys Kumkapui (Kumkap\u0131\u2019daki Patriklik Kilisesi\u2019nin Yeniden in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc Y\u0131l\u0131), \u0130st., 1928, sy. 35-45; Karnig Isdepanyan, Gensakragan Pararan (Biyografi S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc), cilt 3, Erivan, 1990, sayfa 256-257; Ba\u015fepiskopos Ma\u011fakya Ormanyan, Azkabadum, cilt III, Kud\u00fcs, 1927, kolon 3435-3437, b\u00f6l\u00fcm 2350 ve 2353; Haygagan Sovedagan Hanrakidaran (Sovyet Ermeni Ansiklopedisi), IX. cilt, Erivan, 1983, sayfa 224; Vahan K. Zartaryan, Hi\u015fadagaran (An\u0131 Kitab\u0131), \u0130st., 1912, cilt 2, sayfa 369-371; Isdepan Papazyants, Gensakrutyun Harutyun Bezciyan Azkayin Anzukagan Parerari (E\u015fsiz Hay\u0131rsever Harutyun Bezciyan\u2019\u0131n biografisi), Jamanak gazetesi, \u0130st., 1863, s. 1-26; Kevork Pamuk\u00e7iyan, yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015f notlar.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/TRArmenianPatriarchate\/posts\/1819911448168730<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Her y\u0131l Kutsal Surp Zadig (Paskalya) Yortusu geldi\u011finde, Surp Asdvadzadzin Patriklik Katedrali\u2019ndeki Surp Badarak sonras\u0131, HARUTYUN AM\u0130RA BEZC\u0130YAN, kilise k\u00fclliyesi i\u00e7erisinde bulunan mezar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda an\u0131l\u0131r. Ertesi Pazar ise, bizzat kendi giri\u015fimleriyle in\u015fa edilen Kumkap\u0131 D\u0131\u015f\u0131 S. Harutyun Kilisesi\u2019nin y\u0131ll\u0131k kutlamalar\u0131 vesilesiyle an\u0131lmaya devam eder. Patrikli\u011fimizin \u201cLraper\u201d b\u00fclteni, bu vesileyle, Harutyun Amira Bezciyan\u2019\u0131 an\u0131yor ve onu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":62347,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-unluler"],"yoast_head":"\nHarutyun Amira Bezciyan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=62346\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Harutyun Amira Bezciyan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Her y\u0131l Kutsal Surp Zadig (Paskalya) Yortusu geldi\u011finde, Surp Asdvadzadzin Patriklik Katedrali\u2019ndeki Surp Badarak sonras\u0131, HARUTYUN AM\u0130RA BEZC\u0130YAN, kilise k\u00fclliyesi i\u00e7erisinde bulunan mezar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda an\u0131l\u0131r. 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