{"id":62285,"date":"2021-04-07T04:49:40","date_gmt":"2021-04-07T09:49:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=62285"},"modified":"2021-04-07T04:49:42","modified_gmt":"2021-04-07T09:49:42","slug":"bir-kitabin-anlattiklari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=62285","title":{"rendered":"Bir kitab\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Mahir \u00d6zkan<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n
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\"\"Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f olan \u201c1914 \u00d6ncesi Ermeni K\u00f6y Hayat\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 kitap Hem\u015fin kimli\u011fi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, soru soran, ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapan herkesin ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bir kaynak. Kitab\u0131n yazarlar\u0131 tarih\u00e7i Mary Kilbourne Matossian ve halkbilimci Sussie Hoogasian Villa. Yazarlar yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklardan elde ettikleri verilerin yan\u0131nda, kitab\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda Van\u2019dan Bursa\u2019ya, Kayseri\u2019den Harput\u2019a, Zeytun\u2019dan Amasya\u2019ya kadar farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f olan 48 ki\u015fiyle, 1960\u2019lar\u0131n sonu ve 1970\u2019lerin ba\u015flar\u0131nda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere dayand\u0131r\u0131yorlar.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Bu kitap Hem\u015fin k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan neden \u00f6nemli?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Hem\u015finliler son 30-40 y\u0131la kadar neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle bir k\u00f6yl\u00fc toplumuydu. Gurbet\u00e7ilik gelene\u011fi nedeniyle yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlere g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f Hem\u015finliler bulunmakla birlikte toplumun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu ge\u00e7imini tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kla sa\u011fl\u0131yordu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Hem\u015finlilerin ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131, dili, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc k\u00f6y ve yayla alan\u0131nda kendini var ediyordu. \u00dclkemizde kapitalizmin geli\u015fmesine paralel olarak Hem\u015finliler de \u201cmodernle\u015fme ve kentle\u015fme\u201dden nasibini ald\u0131. Ancak h\u00e2l\u00e2 k\u00f6yl\u00fc ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n izleri ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel unsurlar\u0131 haf\u0131zalarda tazeli\u011fini koruyor. Turistik-nostaljik bi\u00e7imler alm\u0131\u015f olsa da eski gelenekler \u0131srarla ya\u015fat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

H\u0131ristiyan Ermeniler bu \u201cmodernle\u015fme ve kentle\u015fme\u201d s\u00fcrecini Hem\u015finlilerden tamamen farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde ya\u015fad\u0131lar. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminden itibaren Ermenilerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehirlerde modern e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Ermenice edebiyat geli\u015fti. E\u011fitimdeki ve edebiyattaki geli\u015fim dile de yans\u0131d\u0131. Ermenicedeki yabanc\u0131 dillerden ge\u00e7mi\u015f kelimelerin yerini b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda Ermenice k\u00f6kenli kelimeler almaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ermenice edebiyat\u0131n geli\u015fiminden ve e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131ndan mahrum olan Hem\u015fince ise bir konu\u015fma dili olarak bu s\u00fcrecin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kald\u0131. Yani kentli bir Ermeninin dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ile Hem\u015finlinin dili ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu kitapta bu a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmemi\u015f halini g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. Kitapta \u00e7ocukluklar\u0131 \u00fclkemizdeki k\u00f6ylerinde ge\u00e7mi\u015f anlat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 sayesinde \u2013\u0130stanbullu, hi\u00e7 k\u00f6y g\u00f6rmemi\u015f Ermeni arkada\u015flar\u0131n da bilmedikleri\u2013 Ermeni k\u00f6yl\u00fc hayat\u0131na ili\u015fkin baz\u0131 unsurlar\u0131 bulabilirsiniz. Bu sayede bug\u00fcn \u00fclkemizde maalesef g\u00f6rme \u015fans\u0131m\u0131z kalmam\u0131\u015f olan Ermeni k\u00f6yl\u00fc ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 ile Hem\u015fin ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rabilirsiniz. Olduk\u00e7a hacimli olan kitaptan sizin i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u00f6rnekler sunaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 \u00f6rnekler\u2026<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Neden Hem\u015fincede ka\u015f\u0131k (kedal) kelimesi var da \u00e7atal i\u00e7in bir kelime yok: \u201cVosginaz Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n aktar\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re, k\u0131rsal kesimde \u00e7atal kullanana pek rastlanmazd\u0131\u201d. (s.46)<\/p>\n

Biz Hem\u015finliler d\u00f6\u015fek yerine do\u015fa\u011f deriz. \u015eehirli Ermeniler ango\u011fin der. Ama k\u00f6yl\u00fc Ermenilerin de do\u015fa\u011f\u0131 varm\u0131\u015f hem de y\u00fcn: \u201cHerkesin kendisine ait, y\u00fcnden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir do\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve kal\u0131n bir yorgan\u0131 olur\u2026\u201d (s.47)<\/p>\n

Ermeni k\u00f6yl\u00fcler bu\u011fday, nohut, m\u0131s\u0131r gibi tah\u0131llar\u0131n tanelerine \u201chadig\u201d derlerdi. (s.71)<\/p>\n

\u201cKimi zaman, ekme\u011fe acilen gereksinim duyuldu\u011funda, kad\u0131nlar \u2018sac hats\u2019 yani sac ekme\u011fi yapard\u0131\u201d. (s.73)<\/p>\n

\u201cYeni evliler eve geldi\u011finde, damat \u2018mada\u011f\u2019 (kurban) olarak bir koyun ya da horoz keserdi\u201d. (s.118)<\/p>\n

K\u00f6y d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnlerinde bizim h\u00e2l\u00e2 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir gelenek: \u201cEvde toplananlar hep birlikte yer i\u00e7er, e\u011flenirdi\u2026 Bu ziyafeti, damad\u0131n arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kendi aralar\u0131ndan se\u00e7tikleri biri idare ederdi\u201d. (s.118)<\/p>\n

Evlenip ailesinden ayr\u0131lan k\u0131z\u0131n ailesini ziyareti yani bizim \u201cdadants ertu\u015f\u201d (babaevine gitmek) burada \u201cmarants yertal\u201d (anneevine gitmek) olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. (s.121)<\/p>\n

Ay\u015fenur Kolivar\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6yledi\u011fi o me\u015fhur \u015fark\u0131daki \u201cnor hars ellim\u201d dile\u011fi Ermeni k\u00f6yl\u00fc k\u0131zlar\u0131 i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erliymi\u015f. Bizdeki gibi yeni evli kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bir \u201cnor harsnutyun \/ nor harsutin (yeni gelinlik)\u201d d\u00f6nemi oluyormu\u015f: \u201cNor harsnutyun \u00e2detleri k\u00f6ylerde \u00e7ok daha s\u0131k\u0131 bir \u015fekilde uygulan\u0131yordu\u201d (s.129). Nor harsutin gelenekleri aynen Hem\u015finlilerdeki gibidir. \u201cGelin kocas\u0131yla yaln\u0131z olduklar\u0131 zaman d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda konu\u015famazd\u0131. Yaln\u0131zca evde bulunan \u00e7ocuklarla konu\u015fabilirdi. Buna \u2018mun\u00e7 bahel\u2019 (dil saklama) denirdi. Genellikle gelin ilk \u00e7ocu\u011funu do\u011furduktan sonra evin b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc geline \u2018Konu\u015f k\u0131z\u0131m\u2019 der ve gelin konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flard\u0131.\u201d (s.130-131)<\/p>\n

Bizim \u2018ten\u00e7kap\u2019 dedi\u011fimiz gelenek de kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor: \u201cEvli kad\u0131nlar erkeklerin yan\u0131nda kesik koni \u015feklinde ba\u015fl\u0131klar takar sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u00fczlerinin burnundan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rterlerdi. (s.86)<\/p>\n

\u201c\u011eor\u011f enu\u015f\u201d da kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor: \u201cTarlalardan toplad\u0131klar\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131 tarlan\u0131n kenar\u0131nda \u00f6bekler halinde biriktirirlerdi\u201d. (s.184)<\/p>\n

Hem\u015finlilerde g\u00fcne\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan bez bebekle kap\u0131 kap\u0131 gezilerek yiyecekler toplanan bu s\u0131rada \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u00f6zlerle g\u00fcne\u015f i\u00e7in dua edilen rit\u00fcelin ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ya\u011fmur i\u00e7in yap\u0131yorlarm\u0131\u015f. Bizim ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z b\u00f6lgeye bak\u0131nca ya\u011fmur duas\u0131n\u0131n, g\u00fcne\u015f duas\u0131na d\u00f6nmesi san\u0131r\u0131m normal. (s.186)<\/p>\n

Yine bizde de g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir gelenek: \u201cEvin \u00fcyelerinden biri ayr\u0131 bir ev kurdu\u011fu zaman, yeni evin oca\u011f\u0131 ilk evin oca\u011f\u0131ndan al\u0131nan ate\u015fle yak\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131\u201d. (s.187)<\/p>\n

Ni\u015fanl\u0131 g\u00f6rme<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Hem\u015finlilerde \u00fczerine \u00e7ok hik\u00e2yeler anlat\u0131lan, zaman zaman komik maceralara konu olmu\u015f bir gelenek vard\u0131r: Ne\u015fanlu desnu\u015f (ni\u015fanl\u0131 g\u00f6rme). Eskiden birka\u00e7 y\u0131l\u0131 bulan ni\u015fanl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemleri olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n bir uygulamayd\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde ni\u015fanl\u0131lar\u0131n yaln\u0131z kalmalar\u0131 ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lanmazd\u0131. Ancak ni\u015fanl\u0131lar da genellikle k\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ilerle bir \u015fekilde yaln\u0131z kalman\u0131n yolunu bulurlard\u0131. Ancak yakalanmak, dayak hatta \u00f6l\u00fcm riski bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bu gelenek Ermeni k\u00f6y hayat\u0131nda da kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor: \u201cErkek, ni\u015fan yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bile k\u0131z\u0131 yaln\u0131zca ailesinin yan\u0131ndayken g\u00f6rebilirdi; bazen de bir \u015fekilde kom\u015fular\u0131n g\u00f6z yummas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131p k\u0131z\u0131 kendi evinde yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131nayken g\u00f6rmeyi ba\u015farabilirdi\u201d. (s.108)<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n sonunda ayr\u0131ca \u015fark\u0131 ve mani \u00f6rnekleri verilmi\u015f. Bu mani ve \u015fark\u0131lardan anl\u0131yoruz ki Hem\u015fincede kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yabanc\u0131 dillerden Ermeniceye girmi\u015f baz\u0131 kelimeler yaz\u0131l\u0131 literat\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yerlerine Ermenice kelimeler gelmi\u015f olsa da s\u00f6zl\u00fc edebiyatta kullan\u0131l\u0131yor: \u201cIsel iken\/asel iken (der iken), meydan, boz vb.\u201d<\/p>\n

Hem\u015finlilerde de kutlanan vartavar\/vartivor \u015fenliklerine dair kitaptaki bir mani ile bitirelim:<\/p>\n

Ay vartavar, vartavar<\/em><\/p>\n

Vartavar\u0131n baht\u0131 var<\/em><\/p>\n

Vartavara gidenin<\/em><\/p>\n

Yedi yerde taht\u0131 var.<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/jinepsgazetesi.com\/2021\/04\/bir-kitabin-anlattiklari\/?fbclid=IwAR0hkRBSxmY2gFisoOXBLQmujAe1xIBHMM_X38qQ5pGhY7-I_Q8ojTapFMg\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mahir \u00d6zkan Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f olan \u201c1914 \u00d6ncesi Ermeni K\u00f6y Hayat\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 kitap Hem\u015fin kimli\u011fi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, soru soran, ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapan herkesin ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bir kaynak. Kitab\u0131n yazarlar\u0131 tarih\u00e7i Mary Kilbourne Matossian ve halkbilimci Sussie Hoogasian Villa. Yazarlar yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklardan elde ettikleri verilerin yan\u0131nda, kitab\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda Van\u2019dan Bursa\u2019ya, Kayseri\u2019den Harput\u2019a, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":62286,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,64,54,70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-hemsin-ve-hemsinliler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\nBir kitab\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=62285\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bir kitab\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mahir \u00d6zkan Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f olan \u201c1914 \u00d6ncesi Ermeni K\u00f6y Hayat\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 kitap Hem\u015fin kimli\u011fi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, soru soran, ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapan herkesin ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bir kaynak. 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