{"id":60375,"date":"2020-11-30T04:50:25","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T09:50:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=60375"},"modified":"2020-11-30T04:50:25","modified_gmt":"2020-11-30T09:50:25","slug":"bir-kent-bir-toplum-bir-tarih-izmir-ermenileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=60375","title":{"rendered":"Bir kent, bir toplum, bir tarih: \u0130zmir Ermenileri"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Narod Siranu\u015f Minasyan ile \u0130zmir Ermeni toplumunu konu\u015ftuk. Minasyan, \u201c\u0130lk izlerine 1261 y\u0131l\u0131nda rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0130zmir Ermenileri, 1922 B\u00fcy\u00fck Yang\u0131n ile sadece kentteki varl\u0131klar\u0131 de\u011fil civar illerde ve yerle\u015fim yerlerinde de maalesef yok olmu\u015ftur\u201d dedi.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Berken D\u00f6ner<\/strong><\/p>\n

DUVAR \u2013<\/strong>\u00a0Narod Siranu\u015f Minasyan, \u0130zmir Ermeni toplumundan geriye kalan de\u011ferli ailelerden birinin \u00fcyesi. \u0130zmir ve K\u0131y\u0131 Ege \u00fczerine \u00f6nemli bir k\u00fct\u00fcphaneye sahip. Onunla ne zaman kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fsam hep \u0130zmir konu\u015fur. Ya nadir bir \u0130zmir haritas\u0131na ula\u015fman\u0131n heyecan\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131r -ki ayak\u00fcst\u00fc son kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131zda s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti\u011fi \u2018Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6nemi \u0130zmir Planlar\u0131 ve Haritalar\u0131\u2019 kitab\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131- ya da \u0130zmir\u2019e ait bir efemeran\u0131n pe\u015finde Kad\u0131k\u00f6y sahaflar\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131ml\u0131yordur. \u00d6yle ya \u0130zmir\u2019de vaftiz olmu\u015f, sevgili babas\u0131, uzun y\u0131llar Bayrakl\u0131 Saint Antuan Kilisesi\u2019nde diyakon olarak din adaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revinde bulunmu\u015f. Gelin \u0130zmir Ermeni toplumunu bir de Narod Siranu\u015f Minasyan\u2019dan dinleyelim.<\/p>\n

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Berken D\u00f6ner ve Narod Siranu\u015f Minasyan<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Osmanl\u0131 idaresinde \u0130zmir, Ayd\u0131n Vilayeti \u0130dari Ba\u015fkenti olarak ge\u00e7iyor. \u0130zmir Ermenileri bu yap\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde nerede yer al\u0131yordu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130zmir\u2019in yak\u0131n zamanlara dek dayanan tarihinin en ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ve geni\u015f sunumlar\u0131, g\u00fcncel literat\u00fcr verileri ve bir\u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 gezginlerin kaleme ald\u0131klar\u0131 yaz\u0131nsal hat\u0131ralar ve \u00f6zellikle de liman \u015fehri olmas\u0131ndan m\u00fctevellit ticari yaz\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7erisinde genelde 16. yy\u2019dan itibaren g\u00f6zde bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm g\u00f6sterir. K\u00f6rfez\u2019in iki yan\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kanatlar\u0131yla M.\u00d6. 3000 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk yerle\u015fim yeri olan Bayrakl\u0131\u2019s\u0131yla do\u011fusunda Kar\u015f\u0131yaka\u2019s\u0131 (Cordelio) k\u0131y\u0131 d\u00fczl\u00fckleri ile k\u00f6rfezin \u00f6te taraf\u0131nda Hatay ( M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131), Buca ( Bugia) ve Karata\u015f (Melantia) Tepeleri ile, Kadifekale (Pagos Da\u011f\u0131) ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck da\u011fs\u0131ralar\u0131 ile \u00e7evrili bir kent konumuyla \u2018Ege\u2019nin incisi\u2019dir. \u0130zmir, 18. yy\u2019dan ba\u015flayarak \u00e7okk\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc demografik yap\u0131s\u0131 ile bamba\u015fka bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm sergiliyordu. Kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmleriyle farkl\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri ile kenti olu\u015fturan mahalleler de kentin simgesel g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0131\u015fa vurmaktayd\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Alsancak (Punta)\u2019tan ba\u015flayarak Karata\u015f\u2019a do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Levanten (Frenk), Rum, Ermeni ve T\u00fcrk mahalleleri t\u0131pk\u0131 bir boyun s\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn zarif boncuklar\u0131 gibi s\u0131ralan\u0131rken, Kadifekale , Karata\u015f, Hatay ve G\u00fczelyal\u0131 (Klazomenia, Klizman) da bu s\u00fcslemenin son ve ek halkalar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. \u0130zmir Ermenileri ile ilgili ilk yaz\u0131l\u0131 kay\u0131tlara 1261 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bizans \u0130mparatoru Mihail Paleologos ile Cenova aras\u0131nda imzalanan bir ticaret antla\u015fmas\u0131nda rastlan\u0131r. \u0130zmir Ermenileri\u2019nin ilk yerle\u015fim yeri olan Kadifekale, kentin en y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Polonyal\u0131 Simeon\u2019un \u2018Tarihte Ermeniler\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda Kadifekale\u2019de ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin 100 hane oldu\u011funu, biri kale i\u00e7inde di\u011feri kale d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmak \u00fczere iki kiliseye sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. 1500\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llara do\u011fru Kadifekale\u2019den gelerek, Meles Nehri \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilen Kervan K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na yerle\u015fen Ermeniler HAYNOTS yani (Ermeni Yerle\u015fimi) Mahallesi\u2019ni kurdular. 16. ve 17. yy\u2019da ya\u015fanan Celali \u0130syanlar\u0131 sonucunda Anadolu Nah\u00e7\u0131van, Karaba\u011f ve Erivan\u2019dan gelen yakla\u015f\u0131k 1000 aile ve yine 17. yy\u2019da \u0130ran H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 I. \u015eah Abbas\u2019\u0131n G\u00fcney Kafkasya\u2019da g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi bask\u0131lar sonucu ka\u00e7arak \u0130zmir\u2019e gelen Ermeniler ile Haynots n\u00fcfusu art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. 18. yy\u2019da yine \u00f6zellikle Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019dan gelen Ermeniler ile say\u0131 daha fazla \u00e7o\u011falm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Foto\u011fraftakiler soldan sa\u011fa Eftig\u00a0Minasyan, Siranu\u015f Aleksanyan Minasyan, Krikor Minasyan, Hagop Minasyan ve Hilda Minasyan Lostar\u00a0\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Smyrna\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 Ermenileri ve Ermeni olmayanlar nas\u0131l bir birliktelik i\u00e7indeydi? Bu anlamda \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun di\u011fer kentlerinden hangi y\u00f6nleriyle ayr\u0131l\u0131yordu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde dahi kentsel d\u00fczen konusunda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir yerle\u015fim d\u00fczeni i\u00e7inde T\u00fcrk, Levanten (Frenk), Rum, Musevi ve Ermeni Mahalleleri\u2019nin, kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc toplumsal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, dinsel yap\u0131lar\u0131 vard\u0131. Halklar g\u00fcnl\u00fck, sosyal anlamda \u00f6zel bir devinim sergilemekteydiler. Ger\u00e7i liman ticaretinin ekseriyetle Bat\u0131l\u0131lar\u0131n tekelinde olmas\u0131 zaman zaman yerel halkla sorunlar ya\u015fanmas\u0131na sebebiyet verse de zaman i\u00e7erisinde bu sorunlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fmalarla giderildi\u011fi bilinmektedir. \u0130zmir\u2019in \u00f6nemli bir liman kenti olmas\u0131 ticari anlamda etnik yap\u0131s\u0131 farkl\u0131 olan insanlar\u0131n da birbirleri ile olan sosyal ili\u015fkilerini olumlu y\u00f6nde etkilemi\u015ftir. \u015eunu diyebilirim ki, farkl\u0131 etnik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131lara sahip olan bu toplumlar\u0131n uyum i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeleri, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun ba\u015fkenti olan \u0130stanbul\u2019dan sonra bu hususta ikinci s\u0131rada yer almaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Baba taraf\u0131n\u0131zdan \u0130zmirli\u2019siniz. Sizin i\u00e7in bu kentin \u00f6neminin olduk\u00e7a fazla oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Aileniz de Haynots\u2019da m\u0131 ya\u015fard\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni toplumunun bir arada ikamet etti\u011fi Haynots, 1500\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda 8000 n\u00fcfus ile kurulmu\u015f. Haynots Mahallesi zaman i\u00e7erisinde kendi kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131na kavu\u015fmu\u015f. \u0130lk yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n 17. yy\u2019da oldu\u011funu bildi\u011fimiz ve 1668 y\u0131l\u0131nda deprem sonucu hasar g\u00f6ren, 1845 \u0130zmir Yang\u0131n\u0131\u2019ndan sonra restore edilen, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130zmir Ermeni Toplumu\u2019nun dini ruhani reisli\u011fi ve katedrali olma \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip olan Surp Isdepanos Kilisesi bu mahalleye g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc veren \u00f6nemli yap\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. 1801 y\u0131l\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen ve g\u00f6r\u00fclen l\u00fczum \u00fczerine 1879 y\u0131l\u0131nda tekrar yap\u0131lan ve bah\u00e7esinde Hay\u0131rsever Hovhannes ve Hagop Ispartal\u0131yan Karde\u015fler\u2019in heykelleri olan ve Derder Soka\u011f\u0131\u2019nda ana giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131 bulunan Surp Krikor Lusavori\u00e7 Hastanesi de bu mahallededir. \u00dcstelik Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde kurulan ilk Ermeni Hastanesi olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131r. 1799 y\u0131l\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan ve 1825 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avedis Ekizyan ve Krikor Baboyan\u2019\u0131n maddi destekleriyle daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bina olarak in\u015fa edilen Surp Mesropyan Erkek Okulu , 1820 y\u0131l\u0131nda e\u011fitim hayat\u0131na ba\u015flayan, fakat 1845 y\u0131l\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130zmir Yang\u0131n\u0131\u2019nda yanan, 1849 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hovsep \u00c7elebi Yusufyan taraf\u0131ndan ta\u015f bina olarak yeniden in\u015fa edilen Surp H\u0131ripsimyants K\u0131z Okulu, Surp H\u0131ripsimyants K\u0131z Okulu \u00f6\u011frencilerinin kurdu\u011fu H\u0131ripsimyants Anaokulu da mahallenin de\u011ferli yap\u0131lar\u0131ndand\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki bu yap\u0131lar sayesinde Haynots, Ege Ermenileri\u2019nin merkezi konumunda olan bir yer. Ne yaz\u0131k ki Haynots 1845 B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130zmir Yang\u0131n\u0131\u2019ndan nasibini alm\u0131\u015f, mahallede bulunan 900 evden geriye sadece 37\u2019si sa\u011flam kalm\u0131\u015f. S\u00f6z konusu yang\u0131n esnas\u0131nda Surp Mesropyan Okulu ve Surp Isdepanos Ermeni Katedrali de yanm\u0131\u015f, ar\u015fivler yok olmu\u015f. Yang\u0131n sonras\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019dan g\u00f6nderilen iki mimar \u2018Mahalle\u2019yi yeniden \u015fekillendirerek, eski canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015flar. \u015eunu da belirtmek isterim ki \u0130zmir Ermenileri sadece Haynots\u2019ta de\u011fil Bornova, G\u00f6ztepe, Kar\u015f\u0131yaka, Konak, Karata\u015f, \u00d6demi\u015f, Bay\u0131nd\u0131r, Bergama, K\u0131n\u0131k ve Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde Ayd\u0131n iline il\u00e7e olarak ba\u011flanan Ku\u015fadas\u0131\u2019nda da ikamet etmekte olup, bu yerlerde de okul ve kiliselere sahiptiler.<\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u0130zmir Surp Isdepanos Ermeni Kilisesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu Haynots Mahallesi Surp Isdepannos Katedrali\u2019nde 10 Kas\u0131m 1916 y\u0131l\u0131nda Minasyan Ailesi\u2019nden Hagop ve Hovhannesyan Ailesi\u2019nden Zaruhi d\u00fcnya evine girerler. Bu evlilikten 1917 y\u0131l\u0131nda Krikor isimli bir \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olur. Dedem Krikor\u2019un babas\u0131 olan Hagop Dedem\u2019in Haynots\u2019ta bir evi ve bakkal d\u00fckkan\u0131 varm\u0131\u015f. Kendi h\u00e2llerinde ya\u015fay\u0131p giden aile b\u00fcy\u00fcklerim 1919 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk-Yunan geriliminde olduk\u00e7a sars\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar. Hagop Dedem \u00e7ok huzursuzmu\u015f. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131ndan korkarak, kenti terk etmeleri gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fler. \u0130stanbul Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\u2019e yerle\u015fmi\u015fler. Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\u2019e yerle\u015fmelerinde sonra iki o\u011fullar\u0131 daha olmu\u015f, Haygaram ve Minas. Dedem Krikor, \u00d6zel Aramyan \u0130lkokulu\u2019ndan mezun olmu\u015f. 1939 y\u0131l\u0131nda aslen Yaloval\u0131 ama 1919 \u015eam do\u011fumlu Babaannem Siranu\u015f Aleksanyan ile evlenmi\u015fler. Bu evlilikten Babam Hagop ve Halam Hilda d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015f. Babaannem Osmanl\u0131 Tiyatrosu sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan Harutyun-Siranu\u015f Aleksanyan \u00e7iftinin torunlar\u0131ndan. \u0130smini B\u00fcy\u00fckannesi Siranu\u015f\u2019tan alm\u0131\u015f. \u0130zmirli Krikor Dedem\u2019in seneler sonra Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\u2019de, bir zamanlar \u0130zmir Sporting Club\u2019da Minakyan Kumpanyas\u0131 ile \u00e7e\u015fitli tiyatro oyunlar\u0131 sergileyen Harutyun \u2013 Siranu\u015f Aleksanyan \u00e7iftinin torunlar\u0131 Siranu\u015f ile evlenmesi tesad\u00fcf m\u00fc? D\u00f6rt ya\u015f\u0131mda ata memleketim \u0130zmir\u2019de vaftiz olmam\u0131n benim i\u00e7in de\u011feri \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck. Vaftiz edildi\u011fim g\u00fcn\u00fcn her an\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum. Bug\u00fcn Babaannem Siranu\u015f\u2019un ismini ikinci isim olarak ben ta\u015f\u0131yorum. Hagop Dedem\u2019in ve Zaruhi B\u00fcy\u00fckannem\u2019in \u0130zmir Surp Isdepannos Kilisesi\u2019nde evlendiklerine dair kilise evlilik belgesi \u0130zmir ge\u00e7mi\u015fimle olan en b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u011flant\u0131m. Babam\u0131n g\u00f6rev gere\u011fi \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumda \u00e7ok fazla \u0130zmir\u2019de bulundum. \u0130zmir benim i\u00e7in ata memleketim demek, Rahmetli vaftiz babam Rahip Vincenzo Rino Succi demek. Enternasyonal Fuar Alan\u0131- K\u00fclt\u00fcrpark demek, Kar\u015f\u0131yaka, Konak ve Asans\u00f6r demek. Sel\u00e7uk demek. Bayrakl\u0131 Saint Antuan Kilisesi demek. \u0130zmir benim i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u015fey demek\u2026<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130zmir\u2019in toplumsal, ticari ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam\u0131 hakk\u0131nda neler s\u00f6yleyebiliriz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130zmir\u2019in toplumsal, ticari ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam\u0131nda T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Rumlar\u0131n, Levantenlerin, Musevilerin, Ermenilerin de b\u00fcy\u00fck pay ve kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 oldu. Liman ticareti konusunda \u0130zmirli Ermeniler etkinlik g\u00f6sterseler de Levantenlerin bu hususta \u00e7ok daha hareketli olduklar\u0131 kesin. Uzun s\u00fcre yan yana ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrk, Ermeni, Rum ve Levantenler yo\u011fun bir etkile\u015fim i\u00e7indeydiler. \u0130zmirli Ermeni ailelerin bana aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgilere g\u00f6re, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Basmane semtinde Ermenilerin basma at\u00f6lyelerine olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k rastlan\u0131yor. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, incir ve kuru \u00fcz\u00fcm paketleme at\u00f6lyeleri de yo\u011fun olarak Ermenilerin elindeymi\u015f. Uzun y\u0131llar ayn\u0131 kentte ya\u015fayan halklar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr etkile\u015fimi i\u00e7erisinde de olmalar\u0131 bence yads\u0131namaz. Kentte bulunan e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131nda sadece ait olduklar\u0131 cemaat veya topluluk mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 de\u011fil di\u011fer halklar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n da e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, bu ihtimal daha da kuvvetleniyor. Bir Ermeni \u00e7ocuk Rum Okulu\u2019nda e\u011fitim g\u00f6rebiliyor, bir Levanten \u00e7ocuk Ermeni Okulu\u2019nda e\u011fitim g\u00f6rebiliyor\u2026 E\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131ndaki bu durum bence k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan kent i\u00e7in bir zenginlik kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f yazarlar\u0131m\u0131zdan Halit Ziya U\u015fakl\u0131gil\u2019in \u0130zmir Viyana M\u0131khitaryan Manast\u0131r\u0131 Koleji\u2019nde lise e\u011fitimini tamamlay\u0131p mezun olmas\u0131 buna bir \u00f6rnektir. Kentte ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm milletlerin kendilerine ait bas\u0131n-yay\u0131nlar\u0131, e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 ve sosyal alanlar\u0131 oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurursak, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlamdaki bu zenginlik do\u011fal olarak ticari ve sosyal hayat\u0131 da olumlu y\u00f6nde etkilemi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Kentin \u00f6nemli k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve \u00f6zellikle tiyatro g\u00f6sterileri merkezlerinden Pathe, Concordia ve Sporting Club\u2019\u0131 anmadan ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fim. Levantenlere ait olan bu yap\u0131lar bir bak\u0131ma t\u00fcm toplumlar\u0131n sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlamda ortak noktas\u0131yd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n


\n\u0130zmir tarihinde birka\u00e7 k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131 var. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bir b\u00fcy\u00fck olay var ki tarihsel s\u00fcrecin de\u011fi\u015fmesine neden olmu\u015f: \u0130zmir Yang\u0131n\u0131. \u0130zmir Ermenileri bu b\u00fcy\u00fck olay\u0131 nas\u0131l kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te nice depremler, salg\u0131nlar, yang\u0131nlar g\u00f6ren \u0130zmir i\u00e7in en sars\u0131c\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131 21 May\u0131s 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yunan \u0130\u015fgali ile ba\u015flayan ac\u0131 s\u00fcrecin son noktas\u0131, tarihi ve failleri netle\u015fmi\u015f kabul edilse de hen\u00fcz bir\u00e7ok konuda soru i\u015faretleri ile dolu olan 1922 B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130zmir Yang\u0131n\u0131. Yang\u0131n ile birlikte kent sadece huzurlu ve g\u00f6rkemli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fil, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, sosyal ve ticari anlamda bir\u00e7ok \u00f6\u011fesini ve en \u00f6nemlisi \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc demografik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. Has \u0130zmirli, Erdo\u011fan Lostar beyefendinin anlat\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re, okula gidebilmek i\u00e7in Kar\u015f\u0131yaka\u2019dan K\u00f6rfez\u2019in \u00f6te taraf\u0131na gelir ve yang\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinden korkarak ge\u00e7ermi\u015f. Y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f evler, e\u015fyalar, foto\u011fraflar\u2026 Ne zaman \u0130zmir\u2019e gitsem, bir zamanlar\u0131n Haynots\u2019u g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn K\u00fclt\u00fcrpark alan\u0131 olan yere giderim. \u0130\u00e7imden inanc\u0131mca sessizce dua eder ve kendi kendime sorar\u0131m. Acaba B\u00fcy\u00fckbabam\u0131n evi ve bakkal d\u00fckkan\u0131 neredeydi? Surp Isdepannos Kilisesi, Basmane s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na yak\u0131nm\u0131\u015f\u2026 \u2018Acaba \u015furas\u0131 olabilir mi?\u2019 Bunlar gibi nice sorular kafam\u0131n i\u00e7inde dola\u015f\u0131p durur. \u0130zmir Yang\u0131n\u0131 \u00fczerinden 98 sene ge\u00e7ti ama benim i\u00e7imde o yang\u0131n hi\u00e7 dinmedi\u2026<\/p>\n

Pek \u00e7ok kaynakta \u201cErmeni Ayd\u0131nlanma Hareketi\u201dnin \u0130stanbul\u2019dan \u00f6nce \u0130zmir \u2018de ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunulur. Bu konuda neler s\u00f6yleyebiliriz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2018Ermeni Ayd\u0131nlanma Hareketi\u2019 i\u00e7erisinde (ki bu konu bir\u00e7ok uzman taraf\u0131ndan \u2018Ermeni R\u00f6nesans\u0131\u2019 olarak da tan\u0131mlan\u0131r) \u0130zmir bu konuda \u0130stanbul\u2019dan \u00f6ncelikli bir konuma sahiptir. Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde 1840-1887 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan ilk Ermenice gazete olan \u2018Ar\u015faluys Araradyan\u2019 \u0130zmir\u2019de yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra 1854- 1855 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan \u2018Tutag Haygazyan Dergisi\u2019, 1862 y\u0131l\u0131nda sadece on iki b\u00f6l\u00fcm yay\u0131nlanan \u2018Haverjahars ( Sonsuz Ya\u015fam Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131) Dergisi\u2019, 1871-1909 ve 1919-1922 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan, Mamuryan Matbaas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sahibi Metdeos Mamuryan \u00f6nderli\u011finde \u2018Arevelyan Mamul (Do\u011fu Bas\u0131n\u0131) Dergisi,\u2019 Ermenice harflerle T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak yay\u0131nlanan \u2018\u0130zmirli Gazetesi\u2019 \u0130zmir Ermeni bas\u0131n\u0131na ait yay\u0131nlardan sadece birka\u00e7\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0130zmir Ermeni Mahallesi Haynots\u2019un Basmane taraf\u0131nda kalan k\u0131sm\u0131 ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde olmayan Boyac\u0131 Deresi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ayd\u0131nlanma s\u00fcrecinde var olan e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra (Ki bu e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 daha \u00f6nce bahsettiklerimle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil, \u0130zmir\u2019in di\u011fer semt ve il\u00e7elerinde ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin de e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 var. \u00d6rne\u011fin Kar\u015f\u0131yaka Sahakyan-Vartuhyan Okulu, Karata\u015f Vartanyan Okulu, \u00d6demi\u015f Vartuhyan K\u0131z Okulu ve Lusavori\u00e7yan Erkekler Okulu bu kurumlardan sadece birka\u00e7\u0131.) \u0130zmir Ermeni Matbaac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ayd\u0131nlanmaya b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ek. \u00d6zellikle bu konuda 1851-1893 tarihleri aras\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u2018Dedeyan Karde\u015fler Matbaas\u0131\u2019 yay\u0131nlad\u0131klar\u0131 tiyatro ve roman \u00e7evirileri (ilk ba\u015fta Shakespeare olmak \u00fczere) ile \u0130zmir k\u00fclt\u00fcr tarihine \u00e7ok \u015feyler kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6steri sanatlar\u0131 konusunda ise \u0130zmir Ermenileri\u2019ne ait ilk tiyatro oyunu La Locandiera olup 1836 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mesropyan Okulu \u00f6\u011frencileri taraf\u0131ndan \u0130talyanca olarak oynanm\u0131\u015f. 1862 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130zmir\u2019de kurulan ve 1864 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar etkin faaliyet g\u00f6steren Vaspuragan Tiyatrosu kendi kulvar\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir yere sahiptir. Vaspuragan Tiyatrosu sadece Ermenice de\u011fil, \u0130talyanca, Frans\u0131zca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e temsiller de vermi\u015flerdir. Vaspuragan Tiyatrosu\u2019nun sergiledi\u011fi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e oyunlar i\u00e7erisinde Hocan\u0131n Tela\u015f\u0131, Mahcubiyetin M\u00fckafat\u0131, Odun-K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 isimli eserler de yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tiyatro\u2019nun T\u00fcrk\u00e7e temsiller de vermesinden m\u00fctevellit kentin T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 i\u00e7erisinden de tiyatro sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk isim Mehmet \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey\u2019dir. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra 1890 y\u0131l\u0131nda Benliyan Efendi, \u0130zmir\u2019e yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve Osmanl\u0131 Tiyatro Kumpanyas\u0131 ismiyle bir tiyatro kurmu\u015ftur. R\u0131dvan Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019da tiyatrolar\u0131 yasaklamas\u0131ndan sonra Mardiros M\u0131nakyan\u2019\u0131n kurdu\u011fu ve ba\u015f oyuncular\u0131 Hekimyan Han\u0131m ve Harutyun Aleksanyan olan Osmanl\u0131 Dram Kumpanyas\u0131 ile \u0130zmir\u2019e gelerek temsiller vermi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6nem i\u00e7erisinde \u0130zmir\u2019de matbaac\u0131, \u00e7evirmen ve yazar olan Madteos Mamuryan, gazeteci ve edit\u00f6r \u011eugas Baltazaryan, dilbilimci ve \u00e7evirmen Mesrob Nubaryan, gazeteci, yazar ve pedagog Isdepan Vosganyan, gazeteci ve \u00e7evirmen Krikor \u00c7ilingiryan, e\u011fitimci ve gazeteci Margos A\u011fapegyan gibi bir\u00e7ok fikir adamlar\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlamda \u0130zmir\u2019e \u00e7ok \u015fey katan isimlerden sadece birka\u00e7\u0131. \u0130zmir Ermeni Katolik Cemaati\u2019nde ise Viyana M\u0131khitarist rahiplerinin kurdu\u011fu, Ayd\u0131n\u2019da 1919 Yunan \u0130\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda , \u0130zmir\u2019de 1922\u2019de \u0130zmir Yang\u0131n\u0131\u2019nda yok olan e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 sayesinde kente k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel olarak olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli katk\u0131larda bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0130zmir Ermenilerinden geriye ne kald\u0131? \u0130zmir\u2019in Ermenileri nerede, nas\u0131l ya\u015f\u0131yorlar?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lk izlerine 1261 y\u0131l\u0131nda rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0130zmir Ermenileri, 1922 B\u00fcy\u00fck Yang\u0131n ile sadece kentteki varl\u0131klar\u0131 de\u011fil civar illerde ve yerle\u015fim yerlerinde de maalesef yok olmu\u015ftur. Yang\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131nda sa\u011f kalmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131p, ka\u00e7abilen bir\u00e7ok Ermeni, Yunanistan ve Arjantin\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015flerdir. Bu ba\u011flamda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yerli \u0130zmir Ermenileri\u2019nin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilemez. \u0130stanbul\u2019un kaos ve karma\u015f\u0131k ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131ndan ka\u00e7an kalabal\u0131k bir Ermeni n\u00fcfusu yak\u0131n zamanda \u0130zmir ve civar yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131na yerle\u015ftiler. Bunun tarihsel bir \u00f6nemi oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011filim. Biraz daha turistik, g\u00fcndelik bir tutum. Dilerim ki bar\u0131\u015f dolu nice g\u00fcnler ata memleketim \u0130zmir\u2019imin olsun. Bu vesileyle t\u00fcm \u0130zmir halk\u0131n\u0131 selaml\u0131yor, \u00e7okk\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc toplum \u00fczerine bir an olsun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye davet ediyorum.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.gazeteduvar.com.tr\/bir-kent-bir-toplum-bir-tarih-izmir-ermenileri-haber-1505770<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Narod Siranu\u015f Minasyan ile \u0130zmir Ermeni toplumunu konu\u015ftuk. Minasyan, \u201c\u0130lk izlerine 1261 y\u0131l\u0131nda rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0130zmir Ermenileri, 1922 B\u00fcy\u00fck Yang\u0131n ile sadece kentteki varl\u0131klar\u0131 de\u011fil civar illerde ve yerle\u015fim yerlerinde de maalesef yok olmu\u015ftur\u201d dedi. Berken D\u00f6ner DUVAR \u2013\u00a0Narod Siranu\u015f Minasyan, \u0130zmir Ermeni toplumundan geriye kalan de\u011ferli ailelerden birinin \u00fcyesi. \u0130zmir ve K\u0131y\u0131 Ege \u00fczerine \u00f6nemli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":60376,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,33,71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60375","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-izmir","category-mulakatlar"],"yoast_head":"\nBir kent, bir toplum, bir tarih: \u0130zmir Ermenileri - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=60375\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bir kent, bir toplum, bir tarih: \u0130zmir Ermenileri - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Narod Siranu\u015f Minasyan ile \u0130zmir Ermeni toplumunu konu\u015ftuk. Minasyan, \u201c\u0130lk izlerine 1261 y\u0131l\u0131nda rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0130zmir Ermenileri, 1922 B\u00fcy\u00fck Yang\u0131n ile sadece kentteki varl\u0131klar\u0131 de\u011fil civar illerde ve yerle\u015fim yerlerinde de maalesef yok olmu\u015ftur\u201d dedi. 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