{"id":59515,"date":"2020-10-13T01:52:03","date_gmt":"2020-10-13T06:52:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=59515"},"modified":"2020-10-13T01:52:03","modified_gmt":"2020-10-13T06:52:03","slug":"1910lardan-1970lere-edirnede-mulksuzlestirme-ve-turklestirme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=59515","title":{"rendered":"1910\u2019lardan 1970\u2019lere Edirne\u2019de m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ve T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ferda Balancar<\/a><\/span> <\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
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\u0130lkay \u00d6z\u2019\u00fcn \u2018M\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ve T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme: Edirne \u00d6rne\u011fi\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kendisi de Edirneli olan \u00d6z\u2019\u00fcn kitab\u0131 1910\u2019lardan 1970\u2019lere kadar Edirne\u2019de Rumlar\u0131n, Ermenilerin ve son olarak da Yahudilerin tasfiye ve m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirilme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini s\u00fcreklilik i\u00e7inde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. \u00d6z\u2019le kitab\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak, genelde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6zelde ise Edirne\u2019de d\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne sermayenin \u2018yerli ve milli\u2019 hale nas\u0131l getirildi\u011fini konu\u015ftuk.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n
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G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar yap\u0131lan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 tasfiye s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini konu alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla ilgili olarak, \u201cBu t\u00fcrden olaylar\u0131 genellikle kimlik \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme politikalar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lan olaylar\u0131n ekonomi politi\u011fi ve kapitalist birikim politikalar\u0131yla ilintisidir\u201d diyorsunuz. Kitab\u0131 hen\u00fcz okumam\u0131\u015f olanlar i\u00e7in k\u0131saca bunu a\u00e7ar m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?\u00a0<\/strong>
\nSermaye, ulus, devlet \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturur ve kapitalist ulus devlet olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bu \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yap\u0131 sayesinde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kapitalist birikim rejimini benimseyen bir siyasi iktidar\u0131n en ba\u015fta halletmesi gereken sorunlardan biri sermaye birikimidir ki, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki siyasi iktidarlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorun da buydu. Siyasi iktidar yeri geldi\u011finde s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 dayayabilece\u011fi kendi \u2018yerli ve milli\u2019 burjuva-k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131 in\u015fa edebilmek ad\u0131na sermaye birikimine ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Bu a\u015famada yoksun oldu\u011fu bu birikimi \u2018\u00f6teki\u2019 yaratarak veya mevcut \u2018\u00f6tekileri\u2019 daha da marjinalle\u015ftirip \u015feytanla\u015ft\u0131rarak m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirilmelerine imk\u00e2n sa\u011flar. \u015eeytanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan\/\u00f6tekile\u015ftirilen bir toplumsal grubun m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirilmesi daha kolay ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Bu durum sadece 20. y\u00fczy\u0131la \u00f6zg\u00fc de de\u011fildir. Kapitalizm ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk andan itibaren daima \u00f6tekiler yaratm\u0131\u015f ve bunlar\u0131 m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirerek ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu ilkel birikimi elde etmi\u015ftir ve var oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece de bu b\u00f6yle devam edecektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin 15. ve 16. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda K\u0131ta Avrupas\u0131\u2019nda alternatif bir ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imi sunan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n cad\u0131 addedilerek \u015feytanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131\/ \u00f6tekile\u015ftirilmeleri cad\u0131 avlar\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getirmi\u015f; katliamlar\u0131 m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ve \u2018\u00e7itleme\u2019 (\u00e7evreleme; topraklar\u0131 \u00e7evreleyerek \u00e7iftlik yaratma) s\u00fcre\u00e7leri takip etmi\u015ftir. Keza hemen ard\u0131ndan Amerika\u2019daki yerlileri \u00f6tekile\u015ftirme ve m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri de K\u0131ta Avrupas\u0131\u2019ndaki s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci devletlere muazzam bir ilkel birikim sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buralardaki s\u00fcreci H\u0131ristiyanla\u015ft\u0131rma ve m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme olarak niteleyebiliriz. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de \u0130TC (\u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti) ve ard\u0131ndan gelen h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin benimsedi\u011fi politikalar T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme ve m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirmeyi bir arada i\u00e7ermi\u015ftir. Bunlar rejimin politikalar\u0131n\u0131n iki aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. \u2018Yabanc\u0131, tehlikeli, milli g\u00fcvenli\u011fe tehdit, g\u00fcvenilmez\u2019 unsurlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli zor y\u00f6ntemlerle tasfiye edilmeleri bu politikan\u0131n T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme aya\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri Yahudi, Rum ve Ermeniler gibi H\u0131ristiyan topluluklar i\u00e7in M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 da i\u00e7erirken Bo\u015fnak, Arnavut gibi g\u00f6\u00e7menler ve K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirmeyi i\u00e7erir. Bu politikan\u0131n di\u011fer aya\u011f\u0131 olan m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ise bu \u00f6tekilerin topraklar\u0131ndan kopar\u0131lmalar\u0131, m\u00fclklerinin tasfiye edilmesi, mallar\u0131na el konulmas\u0131 ve bunun \u00fczerinden \u2018yerli ve milli\u2019 burjuva\/k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva unsurlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu ilkel birikimin elde edilmesini i\u00e7erir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 bazen \u2018s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u2019, \u2018kovulma\u2019, \u2018tehcir\u2019, \u2018m\u00fcbadele\u2019 bazen de \u2018vergi\u2019 \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ama birbirleri aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 bir ili\u015fki vard\u0131r. San\u0131r\u0131m kapitalizmde \u00f6tekile\u015ftirme m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirmenin habercisi ve ayn\u0131 zamanda kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Kitab\u0131n giri\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden diyorsunuz ki, \u201cEdirne\u2019de ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Yahudilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 mand\u0131rac\u0131l\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Ailemin de bir mand\u0131ras\u0131 vard\u0131. Bu yetmezmi\u015f gibi ailemin i\u015fletmesinin kurulu\u015f tarihi 1935\u2019ti. Yoksa? \u0130\u015fte beni bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya motive eden \u015fey buydu. Ar\u015fiv ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m sonucunda bu sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 da buldum.\u201d Bunu a\u00e7ar m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z? Sorunun cevab\u0131 neydi?<\/strong>
\nGalatasaray \u00dcniversitesi siyaset bilimi y\u00fcksek lisans\u0131nda \u2018T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Kimlik ve Vatanda\u015fl\u0131k\u2019 dersini al\u0131rken F\u00fcsun \u00dcstel gayrim\u00fcslim kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 olaylardan bahsetmi\u015fti. Konu Trakya Olaylar\u0131\u2019na gelmi\u015fti. 1934 Temmuz\u2019unda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olaylarda Yahudiler mal m\u00fclklerini b\u0131rakarak veya de\u011ferinin alt\u0131nda satarak Trakya\u2019y\u0131 terk etmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n ev, d\u00fckk\u00e2n ve topraklar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrk e\u015fraf alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yahudilerin Trakya ve \u00f6zellikle Edirne\u2019de yo\u011fun olarak u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flerden biri de mand\u0131rac\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131. O ana kadar Trakya Olaylar\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ya duymam\u0131\u015f ya da duymu\u015f olsam bile pek \u00f6nemsememi\u015ftim san\u0131r\u0131m. Ancak ailemin bir peynir i\u015fletmesine sahip oldu\u011fu ve bunun da kurulu\u015f y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 1935 oldu\u011funu akl\u0131ma getirdi\u011fimde kafamda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir soru i\u015fareti olu\u015fmu\u015ftu. Marksist bir sosyal bilimci aday\u0131 olarak ailemin ilkel birikimini Yahudilerin m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirmesi yoluyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirip ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmedi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmem ve gerekirse bununla hesapla\u015fmam laz\u0131md\u0131. \u00dcstel\u2019e tezimi bu konuda yazmak istedi\u011fimi s\u00f6yledim ve kabul etmesinin ard\u0131ndan ki\u015fisel bir sorgulama da olan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. Aile b\u00fcy\u00fckleriyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde ailemin Bulgaristan g\u00f6\u00e7meni oldu\u011funu ilk olarak Meri\u00e7 k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bir k\u00f6ye yerle\u015fip ard\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131ya, Yunanistan\u2019a ge\u00e7ti\u011fini sonras\u0131nda burada da tutunamay\u0131p 1930\u2019lar\u0131n sonuna do\u011fru Edirne merkeze yerle\u015fti\u011fi malumat\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131m. Yani bu olaylar s\u0131ras\u0131nda ailem Edirne\u2019de de\u011filmi\u015f. Yine de ben bu malumatla yetinemezdim, tapu ar\u015fivinde de bunun izini s\u00fcrmeye karar verdim. Olaylar s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve takip eden y\u0131llarda bir\u00e7ok Bulgaristan ve Yunanistan g\u00f6\u00e7meni ailenin Yahudi m\u00fclklerini elde ettiklerine tapu ar\u015fivindeki belgelerde denk gelirken ailemin ismine bu tarihlerdeki kay\u0131tlarda rastlamad\u0131m. \u0130simlerine tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda ilk rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m tarih 1950\u2019lerdi. Ald\u0131klar\u0131 topraklar da muhtemelen g\u00f6\u00e7 ettikleri Balkanlardaki yerlerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan Rum emv\u00e2l-i metrukeleriydi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde yap\u0131lan s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kadar\u0131yla Balkanlar ve Kafkasya\u2019dan g\u00f6\u00e7 eden M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topluluklar aras\u0131nda da \u00f6zellikle Gayrim\u00fcslimlerden kalan mal m\u00fclk\u00fcn b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesi konusunda anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar ve yer yer gerilimler, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar oluyor. Edirne, K\u0131rklareli, \u00c7anakkale gibi \u015fehirlerde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda da benzer gerilimlere rastlad\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131?<\/strong>
\nA\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 Edirne\u2019deki muhacir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topluluklar aras\u0131nda bu t\u00fcrl\u00fc gerilimlere ara\u015ft\u0131rmamda rastlamad\u0131m. Tabii bu konu \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131m ama \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilmem m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. 1923-1960 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin en fazla isk\u00e2n edildi\u011fi il Edirne\u2019ydi. 889.042 g\u00f6\u00e7menden 84.946\u2019s\u0131 yani yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak y\u00fczde 10\u2019u Edirne\u2019ye yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015fti. Bu g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin de y\u00fczde 97,5\u2019i Yunanistan, Bulgaristan, Romanya ve Yugoslavya gibi Balkan \u00fclkelerinden gelmi\u015flerdi. S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011finiz gerilimler Balkan g\u00f6\u00e7menleri aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Balkan g\u00f6\u00e7menleri benzer bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve co\u011frafya i\u00e7erisinden geldikleri i\u00e7in birbirine yak\u0131n topluluklard\u0131r. Keza tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan g\u00f6rebildi\u011fim kadar\u0131yla devlet Milli Emlak arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7o\u011funlukla Bulgaristan, Yunanistan, Romanya g\u00f6\u00e7menlerine Rum, Ermeni ve Yahudi emv\u00e2l-i metrukelerini ya bedelsiz ya da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bedellerle da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015f, olas\u0131 ma\u011fduriyet ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca aralar\u0131nda bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma geli\u015fmemesinde Trakya Umumi m\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011finin kurulmas\u0131, merkezinin Edirne\u2019de olmas\u0131 ve buran\u0131n isk\u00e2n, imar, iktisat, ula\u015f\u0131m sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeye y\u00f6nelik ad\u0131mlar at\u0131lmas\u0131 da etkiliydi. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bu muhacirler elbette kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinden unsurlar\u0131 da katarak Edirnelilik\/T\u00fcrkl\u00fck kimli\u011fine uyum sa\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Tabii ki bu kimli\u011fin in\u015fas\u0131nda Yahudilerin etkisi b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Trakya iktisad\u0131 \u00fczerinde h\u00e2kimiyetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Yahudilerin tasfiyesi ve milli iktisad\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi gibi ticaretin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk unsurlar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mesi i\u00e7in y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen politikalar Edirnelilik\/T\u00fcrkl\u00fck kimli\u011fini peki\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcm bunlar Edirne\u2019deki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6\u00e7menler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 engellemi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\"\u0130lkay<\/div>\n
\u0130lkay \u00d6z<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

Tarih\u00e7i \u00dcmit Kurt\u2019un \u2018Antep 1915\u2019 kitab\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimiz kadar\u0131yla, Antep\u2019te yerel e\u015fraf Ermeni tehciri konusunda merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmetten adeta daha hevesli. Mal m\u00fclk nedeniyle Antep\u2019teki Ermenilerin tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n Antep\u2019i terk etmesi yerel e\u015fraf\u0131n \u00e7ok istedi\u011fi bir \u015fey. Merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmet ise Ermeni tehcirinin kapsam\u0131n\u0131n daha dar tutulmas\u0131ndan yana gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Edirne\u2019de de benzeri bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ten s\u00f6z edebilir miyiz?<\/strong>
\nBence de benzer bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ten Edirne i\u00e7in de s\u00f6z edilebilir. \u2018Ermeni Tehciri\u2019yle yerel e\u015fraf hem do\u011frudan hem de dolayl\u0131 fayda sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sebeple geride kalan halk i\u00e7in \u2018Tehcir\u2019in kendisi olmasa bile iktisadi-toplumsal sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok arzuland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Keza burada bir parantez a\u00e7arak h\u00fck\u00fcmet yetkilileri taraf\u0131ndan Edirne\u2019nin \u2018Tehcir\u2019 kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u2018resmi olarak\u2019 \u201cTehcir\u201din Edirne\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fini hat\u0131rlatal\u0131m. Tabii ki resmi olarak var olmayan bu \u2018Tehcir\u2019 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n Edirne\u2019deki Ermeni n\u00fcfusunun nas\u0131l ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda onlarcas\u0131na rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z emv\u00e2l-i metrukelerinin nas\u0131l ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamak zor. Yerel e\u015fraf\u0131n \u2018Tehcir\u2019i arzulamas\u0131 konusuna geri d\u00f6nersek, do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 fayda kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamak yerel e\u015fraf\u0131n bu arzusunu anlamam\u0131z\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r.\u00a0 Do\u011frudan fayda dedi\u011fim \u015fey \u2018Tehcir\u2019 edilen Ermenilerin emv\u00e2l-i metrukelerinin b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc. Dolayl\u0131 fayda dedi\u011fim \u015fey ise \u2018Tehcir\u2019e kadar Edirne ticaretine h\u00e2kim olan Ermenilerin tasfiyesiyle ticaretin ele ge\u00e7irilmesidir. 1909 \u015eark Ticaret Y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00fczere Edirne ticareti Ermeniler ve Rumlar\u0131n elindeydi. \u00d6rne\u011fin Alipa\u015fa \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Ermenilerin 300 d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 oldu\u011fundan bahsetmekte K\u00e9vorkian. 1923\u2019e gelmeden bu iki toplulu\u011fun \u2018Tehcir\u2019, \u2018kovulma\u2019, \u2018m\u00fcbadele\u2019siyle ticarette m\u00fcthi\u015f bir bo\u015fluk meydana gelmi\u015f ve bu bo\u015fluk \u00e7o\u011funlukla Yahudi e\u015fraf taraf\u0131ndan doldurulmu\u015ftur. Keza Yahudi e\u015fraf\u0131n da Ermeni emv\u00e2l-i metrukelerine sahip olmaktan geri kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Asl\u0131nda Edirne\u2019de \u2018Ermeni Tehciri\u2019nden elde edilen fayda konusunda sadece M\u00fcsl\u00fcman e\u015fraf aras\u0131ndaki rekabetten bahsedemeyiz. Yahudi toplulu\u011fu da \u2018Tehcir\u2019den fazlas\u0131yla yararlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ki Edirne ticaretinin h\u00e2kimi Yahudi t\u00fcccarlar olmu\u015ftur. Keza gayrim\u00fcslim bir grubun h\u00e2kimiyeti milli iktisat politikalar\u0131 i\u00e7in arzu edilen bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 s\u00f6ylem ve politikalar 1930\u2019larda Trakya Olaylar\u0131 ve 1940\u2019larda Varl\u0131k Vergisiyle devam edecektir.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n son b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde i\u015fledi\u011finiz TSMD (T\u00fcrkiye Siyonizmle M\u00fccadele Derne\u011fi) Edirne \u015eubesi\u2019nin Yahudilere y\u00f6nelik faaliyetleri \u00e7ok bilinmeyen bir konu. \u00dcstelik sonu\u00e7 al\u0131c\u0131 da olmu\u015f. 1968\u2019lerde \u2018milli burjuvazi\u2019 yaratma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n h\u00e2l\u00e2 s\u00fcr\u00fcyor olmas\u0131 \u00e7ok bilinen bir konu de\u011fil. Bu konuda Edirne\u2019deki \u2018yerli ve milli\u2019 e\u015fraf \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etse de d\u00f6nemin resmi kurumlar\u0131ndan da destek ald\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu bize sermayenin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 politikas\u0131n\u0131n adeta h\u00fck\u00fcmetler \u00fcst\u00fc bir devlet politikas\u0131 olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 1970\u2019lerde de s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermiyor mu? B\u00f6yle olunca bu politikan\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde var olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/strong>
\nTam da yukar\u0131da kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m yerden devam edersem bu soruyu daha net bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f olurum. 1934 Olaylar\u0131\u2019yla Yahudilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Edirne\u2019den kovulmu\u015f olsa da h\u00e2l\u00e2 iktisadi alanda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcce sahiptiler. \u00dclke genelinde uygulanan Varl\u0131k Vergisi gayrim\u00fcslimleri hedef al\u0131rken Edirne\u2019de en \u00e7ok etkilenen Yahudiler olmu\u015ftu. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015famaya dair umutlar\u0131 bu iki olayla azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve \u0130srail\u2019in kurulu\u015fuyla Edirne\u2019de Yahudi g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ivme kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1970\u2019lere gelinirken Yahudi n\u00fcfusunun Edirne\u2019de ne iktisadi ne toplumsal bir g\u00fcc\u00fc vard\u0131. Ancak buna ra\u011fmen Edirne\u2019deki \u2018yerli ve milli\u2019 e\u015fraftan birtak\u0131m unsurlar, o d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in bunlar e\u015fraf i\u00e7inde az\u0131nl\u0131ktayd\u0131lar, antikom\u00fcnizm ve Arap-\u0130srail sava\u015f\u0131yla y\u00fckselen antisiyonizm\/antisemitizmle harmanlanm\u0131\u015f bir milli burjuva ideolojisiyle harekete ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdi. Bu derne\u011fin, devlet taraf\u0131ndan desteklendi\u011finden emin de\u011filim ama yereldeki g\u00fc\u00e7lerin g\u00fcvenilmez olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri Yahudilerin kovulmas\u0131ndan memnun olacaklar\u0131n\u0131, bunu engellemek i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda y\u00fckselen sosyalist hareket kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olan milliyet\u00e7i-antikom\u00fcnist bu grubu kay\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrebiliriz. Belki burada devlet akl\u0131ndan bahsedilebilir. Devlet akl\u0131 yerel g\u00fc\u00e7lere sirayet etmi\u015f ve kendilerine bunu g\u00f6rev addetmi\u015flerdi. Ancak TSMD Edirne \u015fubesindekilerin iktisadi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n da ideolojileri kadar Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 m\u00fccadeleye giri\u015fmelerinde etkili oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemeliyim. Son sorunuza gelirsek eskisi gibi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak bir az\u0131nl\u0131k oldu\u011fundan emin de\u011filim. Bence bu politikalar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde etnik, sosyal, siyasal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel veya toplumsal cinsiyet anlam\u0131nda farkl\u0131 gruplar\u0131n \u00f6tekile\u015ftirilmeleri, m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirilmeleri, \u00fcretim ve yeniden \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden d\u0131\u015flanmalar\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. \u00d6zneler de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterse de \u00f6tekile\u015ftirme ve m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri kapitalizm var olduk\u00e7a devam edecek.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/24695\/1910lardan-1970lere-edirnede-mulksuzlestirme-ve-turklestirme\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ferda Balancar \u0130lkay \u00d6z\u2019\u00fcn \u2018M\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ve T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme: Edirne \u00d6rne\u011fi\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kendisi de Edirneli olan \u00d6z\u2019\u00fcn kitab\u0131 1910\u2019lardan 1970\u2019lere kadar Edirne\u2019de Rumlar\u0131n, Ermenilerin ve son olarak da Yahudilerin tasfiye ve m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirilme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini s\u00fcreklilik i\u00e7inde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. \u00d6z\u2019le kitab\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak, genelde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6zelde ise Edirne\u2019de d\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne sermayenin \u2018yerli ve milli\u2019 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":59516,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54,71,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n1910\u2019lardan 1970\u2019lere Edirne\u2019de m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ve T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=59515\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1910\u2019lardan 1970\u2019lere Edirne\u2019de m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ve T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ferda Balancar \u0130lkay \u00d6z\u2019\u00fcn \u2018M\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ve T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme: Edirne \u00d6rne\u011fi\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 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