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O y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye, \u00a0tek partili\u00a0(Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi veya f\u0131rkas\u0131)\u00a0bir demokrasi ile y\u00f6netiliyordu. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, Ba\u015fbakan\u00a0 \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 ise \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Kaya, Partinin genel sekreteri ise Recep Peker idi. D\u00fcnyada demokrasi gerilemi\u015fti. \u00a0\u0130ki d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bu y\u0131llar, insanl\u0131k tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok karanl\u0131k zamanlard\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcren bu d\u00f6nemde, d\u00fcnyada ciddi bir demokrasi krizi ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f, 1920lerde d\u00fcnya y\u00fcz\u00fcnde 35 anayasal ve se\u00e7ilmi\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmet varken bu say\u0131 1938 de 17\u2019ye d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, 1944te ise t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadaki 64 \u00fclkenin ancak 12\u2019si anayasal bir demokrasi ile y\u00f6netilir olmu\u015ftu. O y\u0131llarda fa\u015fizm ve Nazizm, her \u00fclke gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kendisine az \u00e7ok taraftar bulmu\u015ftur.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n fa\u015fist lideri Benito Mussolini de 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda ikinci kez se\u00e7imle iktidara geldi\u011finde 1934 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Mart ay\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir konu\u015fmada Asya ve Afrika\u2019y\u0131, \u00a0\u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n geni\u015fleme alanlar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlarken, Akdeniz\u2019i\u00a0\u201cbizim deniz\u201d\u00a0(mare nostrum)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em>olarak nitelemi\u015fti. Bu niteleme Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k bir tehdit olarak alg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00a0 En hassas m\u0131nt\u0131ka olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen Trakya\u2019n\u0131n, olas\u0131 bir sava\u015f halinde, d\u00fc\u015fmanla i\u015f birli\u011fi yapmayacak T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan iskan edilmesi uygundu. \u0130skan\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek \u00fczere bir m\u00fcfetti\u015flik kadrosu olu\u015fturularak bu kadroya \u0130brahim Tali Bey\u2019in atanmas\u0131na karar verildi.\u00a0 \u0130brahim Tali Bey alelade bir se\u00e7im olmay\u0131p 19 May\u0131s 1919 g\u00fcn\u00fc Samsun\u2019a Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ile birlikte \u00e7\u0131kan 18 subaydan biridir \u00a0ve Mustafa Kemal\u2019in son derece g\u00fcvendi\u011fi bir ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n \u0130brahim Tali, raporlar\u0131nda Trakya\u2019n\u0131n ekonomik hayat\u0131nda Yahudilerin \u00f6nemli bir yer tutmas\u0131ndan \u015fikayet\u00e7idir. Sn.R\u0131fat Bali\u2019nin aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekli ile: \u201cTrakya T\u00fcrk\u00fcn\u00fc canland\u0131rmak ve iktisadi kalk\u0131nmaya mahzar k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in iktisadi sahada\u00a0yap\u0131lacak ilk te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn, b\u00fct\u00fcn Trakya piyasalar\u0131n\u0131 Musevi h\u00e2kimiyetinden kurtarmak olmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0demektedir. \u00a0 \u00a0 1934 y\u0131l\u0131 ise T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Irk\u00e7\u0131-Turanc\u0131 ve Nazi sempatizan\u0131 ki\u015fi ve gruplar\u0131n bas\u0131n yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n zirveye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Nazi sempatizanlar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemlilerinden biri \u201cDer St\u00fcrmer\u201d<\/em>gazetesine\u00a0 \u201cDjev\u201d\u00a0<\/em>imzas\u0131yla yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131vermi\u015f olan Cevat R\u0131fat Atilhan\u2019d\u0131.\u00a0 Turanc\u0131 \u00a0olan Atilhan Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda,\u00a0 Sina cephesinde y\u00fczlerce Yahudi casusu yakalay\u0131p onlarcas\u0131n\u0131 kendi elleriyle ast\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015ftir. Cevat R\u0131fat Atilhan sahibi oldu\u011fu Milli\u00a0 \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2p dergisinde Yahudiler aleyhinde yaz\u0131lar yazmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u00a0 konu\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in Yahudiler\u2019i yeriyordu. Daha da ileri giderek Hitler\u2019in\u00a0 Almanya\u2019da Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc antisemitizmi \u00f6rnek al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bir siyaset olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu.\u00a0 Atilhan, Yahudi d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 o kadar benimsemi\u015fti ki 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0 \u00a0\u2013devlet deste\u011fi ile- Almanya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir gezi sonras\u0131 ziyaret etti\u011fi bir toplama kamp\u0131n\u0131 5 y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131 bir otel gibi tarif ediyordu.<\/p>\n Trakya Olaylar\u0131 \u00fczerine en kapsaml\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n sahibi Sn.R\u0131fat Bali\u2019ye g\u00f6re olaylar\u0131n gizli akt\u00f6r\u00fc, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn efsanevi lideri Nihal Ats\u0131z\u2019d\u0131r. Edirne Erkek Lisesi\u2019nde 11 Eyl\u00fcl \u2013 28 Aral\u0131k 1933 tarihleri aras\u0131nda edebiyat \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fi yapan Ats\u0131z, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131\u00a0dergi Orhun\u2019un y\u00f6neticili\u011fine Edirne\u2019de ba\u015flar. Orhun Edirne\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019dan daha \u00e7ok sat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve Edirne\u2019deki ya\u011fma olaylar\u0131n\u0131n liderlerinden K\u00f6rmutlu \u0130brahim A\u011fa adl\u0131 \u015fah\u0131s Ats\u0131z\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck hayranlar\u0131ndand\u0131r. Nihal Ats\u0131z, 1933 sonlar\u0131nda Milli T\u00fcrk Talebe Birli\u011fi (MTTB) ile birlikte \u00c7anakkale\u2019ye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir geziden edindi\u011fi izlenimlerini MTTB\u2019nin yay\u0131n organ\u0131 Birlik\u2019te \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201c\u015eehirde ne kadar \u00e7ok Yahudi, ne kadar \u00e7ok \u00c7ingene, ne kadar da Rum bozuntusu var!<\/strong>..Buradaki Yahudi de her yerde tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Yahudi\u2019dir. Sinsi, k\u00fcstah, zelil, korkak, fakat f\u0131rsat d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn\u00fc Yahudi;\u00a0Yahudi mahallesi her yerde oldu\u011fu gibi burada da \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131rtkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn ve levsin (=pislik, mundarl\u0131k) merkezi.\u00a0\u00c7ar\u015f\u0131daki d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131n levhalar\u0131n\u0131 okuyoruz. Onda dokuzu bizi sinirlendiren nank\u00f6r ve kahpe milletin isimlerini ta\u015f\u0131yor.\u00a0Kuvvetli oldu\u011fumuz zaman kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda k\u00f6pek\u00e7e yaltaklanan, bozgun \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131m\u0131zda k\u00fcstahla\u015f\u0131p d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131m\u0131zla\u00a0birle\u015fen tarihin\u00a0bu hain ve pi\u00e7 milletini art\u0131k aram\u0131zda yurtta\u015f olarak g\u00f6rmek istemiyoruz..<\/strong>.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Ats\u0131z, 1934 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n mart ay\u0131nda yine Orhun dergisinde yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201cKom\u00fcnist, Yahudi ve Dalkavuk\u201d<\/em>ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda i\u015fi daha da az\u0131t\u0131r: \u00a0\u00a0\u201cT\u00fcrk milletinin d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyad\u0131r. Bunu tarih bize ebedi bir \u00f6\u011f\u00fct halinde hik\u00e2ye eder. \u0130\u00e7eriki d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131\u00a0ise \u00fc\u00e7 tanedir: Kom\u00fcnist, Yahudi ve dalkavuk. Kom\u00fcnist, vicdan\u0131n\u0131 Yahudi \u201cMarks\u201da satm\u0131\u015f olan vatans\u0131z serseri demektir (\u2026)\u00a0\u0130kinci d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 Yahudi\u2019dir. Onun Allah\u0131 parad\u0131r. O, cebine birka\u00e7 para koyabilmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bayra\u011f\u0131 satmaktan\u00a0\u00e7ekinmeyen namussuz bir bezirg\u00e2nd\u0131r. Hangi memlekette oturuyorsa oran\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131d\u0131r\u2026.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Nihal Ats\u0131z\u2019a g\u00f6re\u00a0\u201cT\u00fcrk b\u00fcnyesini mikroptan temizleyecek en g\u00fczel tedavi usul\u00fc: Katliam!\u201d\u00a0<\/em>d\u0131r. \u00a0 Ats\u0131z\u2019\u0131n Yahudilere kin kusan bunun gibi nice yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 okuyan yerel fa\u015fistlerin, 1934 olaylar\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir rol oynad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmek zor olmasa gerek. \u00a0\u00a0(Mavi Marmara olay\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131nda \u201cmaazallah yeni bir ak\u0131l tutulmas\u0131 ya\u015fayabiliriz\u201d \u015feklinde \u00e7\u0131kan yaz\u0131lar halk\u0131 ayn\u0131\u00a0\u015fekilde tetiklemesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc.\u00a0 \u00a0Ancak Sn.\u00a0Recep Tayyip \u00a0Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n \u201ckar\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda beni bulursunuz\u201d\u00a0 \u015feklindeki demeci ve Abdullah G\u00fcl ile\u00a0Sn. B\u00fclent Ar\u0131n\u00e7\u2019\u0131n ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndeki beyanatlar\u0131\u00a0 bas\u0131ndaki bu \u015fuursuz yaz\u0131lar\u0131 frenlemi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/p>\n Cevat R\u0131fat Atilhan \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesinin kap\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frencilere gamal\u0131 ha\u00e7 rozetleri\u00a0 da\u011f\u0131tmaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n Yahudiler toplan\u0131rlar ve\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Milli \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2p dergisinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen Yahudi aleyhtar\u0131 yaz\u0131lar\u0131 protesto\u00a0 ederler ve\u00a0 h\u00fck\u00fcmetin gere\u011fini yapmas\u0131n\u0131 isterler.<\/p>\n Yahudi cemiyetleri haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 bir dilek\u00e7eyi h\u00fck\u00fcmete verirler. Ba\u015fbakan \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ve \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Kaya rahats\u0131zl\u0131klardan resmen haberdar edilir.\u00a0 Ama kimse k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131p\u0131rdatmaz. Dilek\u00e7e oradan oraya havale edilir ve sonunda b\u00fcrokrasiye tak\u0131l\u0131p kaybolur.<\/p>\n \u0130skan Kanunu<\/a>\u00a0kabul edilir. Bu kanun,\u00a0\u00a0\u201cTek dille konu\u015fan, bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, ayn\u0131 hissi ta\u015f\u0131yan ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir memleket\u201d<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 yaratmak amac\u0131yla \u00fclkeyi;<\/p>\n a-\u201cT\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc n\u00fcfusun yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 istenen m\u0131nt\u0131kalar\u201d,<\/em><\/p>\n b-\u201cT\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne temsili istenilen n\u00fcfusun nakil ve isk\u00e2n\u0131na ayr\u0131lan m\u0131nt\u0131kalar\u201d,<\/em><\/p>\n c-\u201cYer, s\u0131hhat, iktisat, k\u00fclt\u00fcr, siyaset, askerlik ve inzibat sebepleri ile bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 istenilen ve isk\u00e2n ve ikamete yasak m\u0131nt\u0131kalar\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n olarak 3 b\u00f6lgeye ay\u0131r\u0131r. Kanunun 9. maddesinde;\u00a0\u201ccasusluklar\u0131 sezilenleri s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>konusunda Dahiliye Vekili yetkili k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130skan Kanununun amac\u0131n\u0131 en a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seren maddesi ise:\u00a0\u201cAna dili T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olmayanlardan toplu olmak \u00fczere\u00a0 yeniden k\u00f6y ve mahalle, i\u015f\u00e7i ve sanat\u00e7\u0131 k\u00fcmesi kurulmas\u0131\u00a0veya bir sanat\u0131 kendi soyda\u015flar\u0131na inhisar ettirmelerinin<\/em>\u201d\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 11. maddesidir. Devletin bu kanunla tehdit olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 asimile etmeyi ve T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirmeyi planl\u0131yordu. \u0130skan Kanunu, 1934\u2019te Trakya\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olaylara yasal bir zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Trakya \u00a0olaylar esnas\u0131nda yetkililerin neden sessiz kalmalar\u0131n\u0131n sebebi budur.<\/p>\n Soyad\u0131 Kanunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak\u00a0\u201cT\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme\u201d\u00a0<\/em>harek\u00e2t\u0131na h\u0131z verilirken, Trakya b\u00f6lgesiyle \u00c7anakkale Bo\u011faz\u0131 da tahkim edilmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Tahkimat s\u00fcrerken, tarih boyunca \u00fclkedeki t\u00fcm az\u0131nl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 ku\u015fku duymay\u0131 adet edinmi\u015f fa\u015fizan y\u00f6neticiler, Nazilerden esinlenerek Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanca davranacaklard\u0131r.\u00a0\u201cCasus\u201d<\/em>\u00a0 olmalar\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcphelendikleri Trakya Yahudilerini b\u00f6lgeden nas\u0131l atar\u0131z diye kafa yormaya ba\u015flayacaklard\u0131. Yerel fa\u015fistler ve antisemit yazarlar, \u00a0mand\u0131rac\u0131l\u0131k ve ticaretteki ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Yahudilerden nefret ediyorlard\u0131 ve \u00f6lesiye k\u0131skan\u0131yorlard\u0131.\u00a0\u00a0T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in sadakatlerini s\u00fcrekli sorguluyorlard\u0131. Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131\u00a0 halk\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irilmesi hi\u00e7 de zor olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n \u0130lk sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u00a0 yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.500 Yahudi\u2019nin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7anakkale\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131. Militanlar, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f edilmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in Yahudilerin d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde n\u00f6bet tutuyor, baz\u0131 evlere, \u015fehri terk etmedikleri takdirde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcleceklerine dair tehdit mektuplar\u0131 yolluyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Durumun her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn k\u00f6t\u00fcye gitti\u011fini g\u00f6ren Yahudiler 25 Haziran 1934 tarihinden\u00a0 itibaren \u00c7anakkale ve Gelibolu\u2019yu terk etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Alelacele gitmek zorunda kald\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in mal ve m\u00fclklerini\u00a0 de\u011ferinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda fiyatlarda elden \u00e7\u0131karmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u00a0 \u00c7anakkale\u2019de Yahudiler \u015fehirden s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, \u0130ran \u015eah\u0131 R\u0131za Pehlevi ile birlikte yurt gezisinde olan Mustafa Kemal, \u00a025 Haziran 1934 sabah\u0131 \u00c7anakkale\u2019ye gelmi\u015fti. Bir g\u00f6rg\u00fc tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ziyareti \u015f\u00f6yle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2026 Halk\u0131n \u2018ya\u015fa, var ol!\u201d nidalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk otomobilden indi.<\/em>\u00a0Alk\u0131\u015flar devam ediyor, o da halk\u0131n\u00a0ortas\u0131nda ilerliyordu. Garip bir tesad\u00fcf ve talih eseri olarak Atat\u00fcrk bizim \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze gelince hafif bir duraklama yapt\u0131. \u00a0Halka bak\u0131yor ve kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 selaml\u0131yordu.\u00a0Tam bu esnada yan\u0131mda bulunan ve biraz evvel f\u0131s\u0131lt\u0131 halinde, fakat hararetli konu\u015fan Yahudilerden biri,\u00a0ileriye do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc ve Ata\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne at\u0131ld\u0131. Muhaf\u0131zlar mani olmak istediler.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n Atat\u00fcrk:\u00a0\u2013 B\u0131rak\u0131n gelsin! dedi.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n Bu Musevi vatanda\u015f, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcnde ellerini a\u00e7t\u0131, omuzlar\u0131n\u0131 yukar\u0131ya kald\u0131rarak:<\/em><\/p>\n \u2013 Pa\u015fam, bizi kovuyorlar. Biz ne yapaca\u011f\u0131z? dedi.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Atat\u00fcrk bu \u015fekilde \u00f6n\u00fcne at\u0131lan bu adam\u0131n ne demek istedi\u011fini ve kim oldu\u011funu derhal anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0Buna ra\u011fmen sordu:\u00a0\u2013 Sen kimsin?\u2013 Ben Pa\u015fam,\u00a0 \u00c7anakkale Musevilerinden Avram Palto.<\/em><\/p>\n \u2013 Sizi kim kovuyor? H\u00fck\u00fcmet mi? Kanun mu? Polis mi? Jandarma m\u0131? Bana s\u00f6yle dedi.Bu Musevi vatanda\u015f duraklad\u0131, \u015fa\u015falad\u0131. Biraz sonra kendini toparlayarak cevap verdi:\u2013 Hay\u0131r pa\u015fam halk kovuyor.<\/em><\/p>\n Atat\u00fcrk, bu adam\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcne dikkatle bakt\u0131, g\u00fcl\u00fcmsedi ve: \u2013 Halk isterse beni bile kovar dedi ve y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n (Yakup Barokas, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Yahudi Toplumlar, Tel Aviv, 1987, s. 46\u2019dan aktaran Sn.R\u0131fat N. Bali.)<\/p>\n Amerikan El\u00e7isi Robert P. Skinner , Washington\u2019a yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporda Trakya\u2019daki Yahudi n\u00fcfusun\u00a0 b\u00f6lge d\u0131\u015f\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve bu konuda devletin herhangi bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. Bunu b\u00f6lgenin ve bo\u011fazlar\u0131n silahland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir hareket olarak yorumlar.<\/p>\n Benzer olaylar, 28 hazirandan itibaren Edirne, Ke\u015fan, Uzunk\u00f6pr\u00fc, Babaeski, L\u00fcleburgaz ve K\u0131rklareli\u2019nde ya\u015fanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. O g\u00fcnlerde Edirne\u2019de ya\u015fayan Hayim Behar\u2019\u0131n \u015fu an\u0131s\u0131 \u015fehre h\u00e2kim olan atmosferi gayet net anlat\u0131yor: \u00a0\u00a0\u201cOkuldan \u00e7\u0131karken her g\u00fcn d\u00f6v\u00fcld\u00fcm. Eve do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcrken bana \u2018Selam al Yahudi!\u2019 diye ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131, selam verirdim,\u00a0gene d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Bir de i\u011fneli f\u0131\u00e7\u0131 meselesi vard\u0131 ki\u2026\u201d<\/em>\u00a0Behar\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fi\u00a0\u201c\u0130\u011fneli F\u0131\u00e7\u0131\u201d\u00a0<\/em>meselesi,\u00a0 H\u0131ristiyan antisemitizmin en me\u015fhur unsurlar\u0131ndan biriydi. Bu iftiraya g\u00f6re, Yahudiler Pesah\u00a0(Hamursuz)\u00a0<\/em>Bayram\u0131\u2019nda yedikleri hamursuzu, ailelerinden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131p i\u011fneli f\u0131\u00e7\u0131lara hapsettikleri H\u0131ristiyan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan elde ettikleri kanla yaparlard\u0131.<\/p>\n O g\u00fcnlerde bu hik\u00e2yeyi anlatan bro\u015f\u00fcrler halka bedava da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bu bro\u015f\u00fcrleri okuyanlar\u0131n, Yahudi kom\u015fular\u0131na\u00a0 sald\u0131rmaktan \u00e7ekinmeyecekleri a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Edirne\u2019de olaylardan k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce her nedense\u00a0 Yahudi esnaf ve t\u00fcccardan vergilerini derhal \u00f6demeleri talep edilmi\u015fti. Ke\u015fan\u2019daki Yahudi ailelerine \u015fehri terk etmeleri i\u00e7in sadece 24 saat\u00a0 s\u00fcre verilmi\u015fti. Uzunk\u00f6pr\u00fc\u2019deki Yahudiler ise \u00e7ok \u015fansl\u0131yd\u0131,\u00a0 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlara \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcre tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, 100 Yahudi hanesinden 95\u2019i mallar\u0131n\u0131 yok pahas\u0131na ellerinden \u00e7\u0131kararak \u015fehirden g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (Bu olaylardan sonra Trakya\u2019da yeni\u00a0zenginler \u00a0t\u00fcremi\u015ftir\u2026)<\/p>\n Bir grup sald\u0131rgan \u201cYahudilere \u00f6l\u00fcm!\u201d hayk\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla Edirne\u2019deki Yahudi mahallesini bast\u0131lar, d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131 ve evleri ya\u011fmalad\u0131lar, Yahudileri d\u00f6vd\u00fcler ve \u0130stanbul\u2019a gitmelerini emrettiler. Panik i\u00e7indeki Yahudilerden varl\u0131kl\u0131 olanlar bulduklar\u0131 ilk ara\u00e7la \u0130stanbul\u2019a do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131karken, yoksullar ve ara\u00e7 bulamayanlar, yaya olarak Yunanistan ve Bulgaristan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na y\u00f6nelmi\u015flerdi. Geride kalan bir avu\u00e7 \u00fcrkm\u00fc\u015f yoksul Yahudi\u2019ye ise, f\u0131r\u0131nlar ekmek satm\u0131yor,bakkallar yiyecek vermiyor, sakalar su da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131yordu. G\u00f6revleri etnik k\u00f6keni ne olursa olsun vatanda\u015f\u0131 korumak olan idari makamlar, g\u00f6revlerini yapmak yerine, kalanlara 3 temmuz g\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0 48 saat i\u00e7inde \u015fehri terk\u00a0 etmelerini emrettiler. Zavall\u0131 Yahudiler\u2026 Su\u00e7lar\u0131 ne idi ki?<\/p>\n Ama en ac\u0131 olaylar K\u0131rklareli\u2019nde ya\u015fand\u0131. Sadece o y\u0131la mahsus olmak \u00fczere, her y\u0131l Edirne\u2019de d\u00fczenlenen K\u0131rkp\u0131nar g\u00fcre\u015fleri, K\u0131rklareli\u2019nin Loryalo Park\u0131\u2019na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6ylece asl\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kasaba olan K\u0131rklareli\u2019nde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n toplanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ard\u0131ndan Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u00fc sata\u015fmalar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, K\u0131rkp\u0131nar g\u00fcre\u015flerinin son g\u00fcn\u00fc kalabal\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131rken, baz\u0131 insanlar bu gruplar\u0131n aras\u0131na s\u0131zarak, Yahudilerin evlerine, d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131na girmeye, onlara kar\u015f\u0131 kaba ve sald\u0131rgan bir tav\u0131r tak\u0131nmaya, kad\u0131nlar\u0131na ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na sata\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n Bir grup lise \u00f6\u011frencisinin Yahudi mahallesindeki evleri ta\u015flamas\u0131yla t\u0131rmanan olaylar ta\u015flamaya silahs\u0131z askerlerin ve halk\u0131n da kat\u0131lmas\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve 65 ev ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Olaylar \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya sirayet etmeden bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7apulcular K\u0131rklareli haham\u0131 Mo\u015fe Fintz\u2019i evinde yakalay\u0131p \u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u00e7\u0131plak soydular. Usturayla sakal\u0131n\u0131 kestiler. Evini ya\u011fmalad\u0131lar ve paralar\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131lar. (Baz\u0131 kaynaklar kar\u0131s\u0131na ve k\u0131z\u0131na tecav\u00fcz edildi\u011fini de yazar.) \u00a0Sokaklarda birka\u00e7 gen\u00e7 k\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcklerini \u00e7almak i\u00e7in parmaklar\u0131n\u0131 kestiler. G\u00fcn a\u011far\u0131rken, K\u0131rklareli\u2019nde ya\u015fayan 400 Yahudi deh\u015fet i\u00e7inde gara ko\u015fmu\u015f, trenlere atlay\u0131p \u0130stanbul\u2019a ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 yan\u0131, K\u0131rklareli tren istasyonunda her zaman en fazla \u00fc\u00e7 vagonolurken, o sabah tam 16 vagonun haz\u0131r beklemesiydi.<\/p>\n Yahudilerin\u00a0\u00a0\u201cLa Furtuna\u201d<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(f\u0131rt\u0131na),\u00a0\u00a0ad\u0131n\u0131 takt\u0131klar\u0131 deh\u015fet g\u00fcnleri\u00a0Yahudi cemaatinin \u00f6nde gelenlerinden Gad Franko ve Mi\u015fon Ventura\u2019n\u0131n\u00a0 4 Temmuz 1934 g\u00fcn\u00fc Atat\u00fcrk\u2019le yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gizli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme sayesinde sona erecekti. Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn Londra\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan Times gazetesinde Do\u011fu Trakya\u2019dan ve \u00c7anakkale\u2019den \u0130stanbul\u2019a do\u011fru Yahudilerin topluca ka\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131 bir haber yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Daily Telegraph gazetesinde de bu konuda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir haber \u00e7\u0131kar. Art\u0131k D\u00fcnya Trakya\u2019da neler olup bitti\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Peki, olaylar\u0131 kim k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtm\u0131\u015f, kim y\u00f6nlendirmi\u015fti?\u00a0 Ba\u015fvekil \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc de\u00a0, \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri bakan\u0131 \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Kaya da TBMM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kaz\u0131m \u00d6zalp\u00a0da, CHF\u2019n\u0131n di\u011fer \u00a0ileri gelenleri de olaylar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan habersiz g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Ama 14 Temmuz 1934\u2019te Trakya\u2019daki yerel te\u015fkilatlara\u00a0\u201cgizli\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>ibaresi ile bir tamim g\u00f6nderen CHF Genel Sekreteri Recep Peker\u2019in sordu\u011fu sorular aras\u0131nda bir tanesi pek manidard\u0131: \u00a0\u00a0\u201c\u2026meselenin telkin, haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve tatbik devirlerinde F\u0131rka k\u00e2tibi umumili\u011fine haber vermek vazifesi ne i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmad\u0131?\u201d<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 Buradaki\u00a0\u201cmesele\u201d<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0kelimesi acaba neyi anlat\u0131yordu? Olaylar\u0131 m\u0131? E\u011fer \u00f6yleyse, Peker\u2019in\u00a0\u201cmeselenin niye \u00f6nlenmedi\u011fine\u201d\u00a0<\/em>de\u011fil,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u201ctelkin, haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve tatbik\u201d<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0 i\u015flerinin neden kendisine haber verilmedi\u011fine k\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu. Yani olaylarda CHF merkezinin de\u011filse bile, yerel parti te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n rol\u00fc bulunuyordu. Zaten, olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir co\u011frafyada, neredeyse e\u015f zamanl\u0131\u00a0 olarak ayn\u0131 tip sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi,\u00a0 olaylar\u0131n bir tertip oldu\u011funu ispatl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n H\u00fck\u00fcmetin olaylardan haberi vard\u0131, onlar planlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131, durdurmad\u0131lar, mani olmaya kalkmad\u0131lar, Yahudileri harcad\u0131lar\u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u015eimdi sizlere bu son yazd\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131 ispat eder mahiyette bir belge sunaca\u011f\u0131m: No: 371\/10\/34 G\u0130ZL\u0130D\u0130R \u0130ngiliz El\u00e7ili\u011fi \u2013 \u0130stanbul: 22 Temmuz 1934<\/p>\n Sevgili Rendel, Bu kurye ile, Trakya\u2019daki Yahudiler\u2019in terk-i diyar etmeye \u00a0mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131lmalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir yaz\u0131 daha (No.538) yolluyorum.\u00a0 \u0130smet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n ve \u0130\u00e7 \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131n\u0131n aksine t\u00fcm a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Ticaret Ata\u015femizin, g\u00fcvenilir bir kaynaktan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce Trakya\u2019y\u0131 Yahudi unsurlardan\u00a0 temizlemeye karar vermi\u015f. Bu i\u015fin \u00e7ok yava\u015f bir \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015f. \u00d6rne\u011fin azar azar uygulanan boykot ve baz\u0131 ufak tefek olaylar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi. \u00a0Benim muhbirimin verdi\u011fi bilgiye g\u00f6re T\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmetinin, yerel yetkililere verdi\u011fi s\u00f6zl\u00fc talimatlar, yerel yetkililer taraf\u0131ndan gayr-\u0131 resmi kurulu\u015flara s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n Ku\u015fkusuz vatanperverane \u00a0bir ama\u00e7la spor kul\u00fcpleri taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0 organize edilen bir tahrik dalgas\u0131na kap\u0131lan\u00a0 \u00f6fkeli gen\u00e7ler Yahudilerin evlerinin camlar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 k\u0131rmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00a0Bunlara her zaman bu i\u015flere kat\u0131lan g\u00fcruh da eklenince i\u015f sonunda ya\u011fmalama k\u0131r\u0131p d\u00f6kme ve bize nakledildi\u011fi kadar\u0131 ile bir ka\u00e7 \u0131rza ge\u00e7me olay\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f. Bu olaylar\u0131 K\u0131rklareli ve di\u011fer yerlerden tahmini 5 bin Yahudi\u2019nin\u00a0 topluca\u00a0 ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131 takip etmi\u015f. Trakya\u2019daki ba\u015fka \u015fehirlerde bu tip olaylara fazla rastlanmam\u0131\u015f, fakat\u00a0 Tekirda\u011f ve Edirne\u2019de rahats\u0131zl\u0131k g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Woods\u2019un (Ticaret Ata\u015fesi)\u00a0 duydu\u011funa g\u00f6re Osmanl\u0131 bankas\u0131n\u0131n K\u0131rklareli\u2019ndeki m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn karde\u015fi olan bir Yahudi, Spor Kul\u00fcb\u00fcne \u00fcye olan bir arkada\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nceden uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yak\u0131nda\u00a0 \u015fehirde hadise \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenerek\u00a0 \u015fehri terk etmesinin kendisi i\u00e7in daha iyi olaca\u011f\u0131 tavsiye edilmi\u015f. \u00a0 \u0130ngiliz\u00a0 B\u00fcy\u00fck El\u00e7isi \u2013 Percy Loraine\u2026 No. 17969 Belge No. E\u00a04916\/4633\/44<\/a><\/p>\n (Bu belge\u00a0 Sn. Ayhan Aktar\u2019\u0131n Trakya Yahudi Olaylar\u0131n\u0131 Do\u011fru Yorumlamak adl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131ndan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/p>\n 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda Trakya\u2019da ya\u015fanan Yahudi pogromunu bize en iyi anlatan belge R\u0131fat N. Bali\u2019nin, 1934 Trakya Olaylar\u0131 kitab\u0131d\u0131r. 1934\u2019de Trakya\u2019da neler oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenmek isteyen herkesin \u00a0okumas\u0131 gereken bir kitapt\u0131r. Haluk Karabatak, \u201c1934 Trakya Olaylar\u0131 ve Yahudiler\u201d, Avner Levi, \u201c1934 Trakya Yahudileri Olay\u0131, \u00a0Al\u0131nmayan Ders\u201d, Zafer Toprak, \u201cTrakya Olaylar\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ve CHF\u2019nin sorumlulu\u011fu\u201d Ayhan Aktar, \u201cTrakya Yahudi olaylar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru yorumlamak\u201d Selim Aviyente\u2019ye de sayg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131 sunuyorum ve te\u015fekk\u00fcr ediyorum. \u00a0 Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan, makalelerden al\u0131nt\u0131lar yapt\u0131m ve faydaland\u0131m. Tarih\u00e7i-Yazar Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr hocama da ayr\u0131ca te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerimi ve sayg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131 sunuyorum. Sn. Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn 1934 Trakya olaylar\u0131 makalesinden de faydaland\u0131m ve al\u0131nt\u0131lar yapt\u0131m.<\/p>\n Bu\u00a0<\/a><\/em>y<\/em><\/a>az\u0131 ilk olarak 23.01.2016 tarihinde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f<\/a>\u00a0olan blog payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n1934 Mart<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n
1 May\u0131s 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-wE5isQ3FcvI\/VqMmaS7iSmI\/AAAAAAAAAiU\/rsw5uCjGek0\/s1600\/Filistin%2BCephesinde%2BYahudi%2BCasuslar_SXV.jpg?ssl=1\")
<\/a><\/figure>\nNihal Ats\u0131z Etkisi<\/h3>\n
<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\u2018Hain ve pi\u00e7 milletini art\u0131k aram\u0131zda istemiyoruz\u2019<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n
10 May\u0131s 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n
22 May\u0131s 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n
25 May\u0131s 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n
14 Haziran 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n
21 Haziran 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n
Ya\u011fma ve Tecav\u00fczler ba\u015fl\u0131yor: \u00c7anakkale<\/strong><\/h2>\n
21 haziran 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n
25 haziran 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n
29\u00a0 Haziran 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n
Olaylar yay\u0131l\u0131yor<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n
<\/a><\/figure>\n2 Temmuz 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n
K\u0131rklareli Haham\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelenler<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n
4 Temmuz 1934<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n
Gizli tamimde ne soruluyor<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n
Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/strong><\/h3>\n