{"id":57481,"date":"2020-05-25T04:06:31","date_gmt":"2020-05-25T09:06:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=57481"},"modified":"2020-05-25T04:06:31","modified_gmt":"2020-05-25T09:06:31","slug":"yakubi-suryanilerin-suryani-katoliklere-yonelik-baski-ve-zulumleri-ii-bolum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=57481","title":{"rendered":"Yakubi S\u00fcryanilerin S\u00fcryani Katoliklere Y\u00f6nelik Bask\u0131 ve Zul\u00fcmleri II.B\u00f6l\u00fcm"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sait \u00c7ET\u0130NO\u011eLU<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7en b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, Yakubi S\u00fcryanilerin S\u00fcryani Katoliklere, Mardin ve Mardin\u2019e yak\u0131n kalan Za\u2019faran Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019nda uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 zulme yer vermi\u015ftik.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Bu kez Musul\u2019da, yine Mar Tuma ve di\u011fer bir ibadet yerinde, S\u00fcryani Katoliklere devlet ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n deste\u011finde yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcmleri, yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131na alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131m\u0131za temel ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z belge, Misyon yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda\u00a0Musul\u2019da Yakubi Kilisesi ve Yanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Despotik Zulm\u00fc Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla<\/em>\u00a0yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise, trajik ifadeler ta\u015f\u0131yan mektup\/belge \u00f6zetlenir: \u201cA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki mektub, Musul\u2019da Dominikan Ruhbanlar\u0131n Misyon Okulunda, e\u011fitmen ve ba\u015fdiyakon olan S\u00fcryani Katolik Mixayel[2]<\/a>Faris taraf\u0131ndan, Arcueil\u2019deki B\u00fcy\u00fck Albert Okulu\u2019nda, \u015fu an kalmakta olan karde\u015fi S\u00fcleyman Faris\u2019e yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mektupta, az \u00f6nceleri Musul\u2019da meydana gelen ac\u0131mas\u0131z elim olaylar\u0131n detaylar\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00fcleyman Faris,\u00a0Le Monde<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0i\u00e7in, Arap\u00e7a mektubu Frans\u0131zca\u2019ya \u00e7evirdi, onu oldu\u011fu gibi veriyoruz\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cMusul, 15 May\u0131s 1876\u201d<\/p>\n

Trajik mektup<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cDe\u011ferli karde\u015fim,<\/p>\n

Bu yak\u0131nlarda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ac\u0131ya maruz kald\u0131k. Bu isyank\u00e2r hayk\u0131r\u0131\u015f\u0131mla sana kiliselerimizin kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kutsal sunaklar\u0131m\u0131zda her t\u00fcrl\u00fc pislik yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatmak istiyorum. Musul\u2019da \u015fu s\u0131ralar Yakubiler[3]<\/a>\u00a0egemenler art\u0131k. Biz zavall\u0131 Katolik S\u00fcryaniler i\u00e7in bir yenilgi bu, sapk\u0131nlar\u0131n \u015fiddetine hedef olduk!\u201d S\u00f6zleriyle ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

Devlete verilen y\u00fckl\u00fc bir r\u00fc\u015fvet kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda S\u00fcryani Katolikler ibadet mekanlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015flerdir: \u201cTOR\u2019un a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k koymas\u0131yla, y\u00fckl\u00fc bir toplam kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Yakubiler\u2019in Bab-\u0131 Ali\u2019den bir\u00a0Ferman<\/em>\u00e7\u0131karmalar\u0131 \u00fczerinden epey zaman ge\u00e7ti. Bu izinle Yakubiler bizim olan iki kiliseyi, asl\u0131nda kendilerine ait olduklar\u0131 iddias\u0131yla ele ge\u00e7irdiler.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6yle tuhaf bir iddian\u0131n hi\u00e7bir kan\u0131t olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn patlak vermesine neden oldu.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da ciddi ve can al\u0131c\u0131 oldular. Bizim sorun olan iki kilisemizin ve ba\u015fpiskoposumuzun[4]<\/a>g\u00f6rev ve yetki b\u00f6lgesindeki \u00e7ok say\u0131da Katolik, infial halinde.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ferman<\/em>\u00a0 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girer. Ba\u011fdat\u2019taki yerel m\u00fclki amir\u00a0M\u00fc\u015fir[5]<\/strong><\/a><\/em>\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan karar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na izin verilir. Haber bir telgrafla Mgr.[6]<\/a>\u00a0Benni<\/em>\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dedi ki:\u00a0\u015eikayetler bo\u015funa art\u0131k, o iki kilise Yakubilerin eline ge\u00e7ecek.\u00a0<\/em>Endi\u015fesini dile getirmekle\u00a0 birlikte, \u0130mparatorluk mesaj\u0131 Musul\u2019a ula\u015fmadan \u00f6nce, Mgr.\u00a0Benni,\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0Katoliklere olan yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile tan\u0131nan Fransa konsolosu, Bay Perreti\u00e9\u2019ye ba\u015fvurmakta gecikmedi. Konsolos, Mgr. Lion,[7]<\/a>\u00a0Dominikan Ruhbanlar\u0131[8]<\/a>\u00a0ve ba\u015fpiskoposu bir araya gelip konuyu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ferek, durumu konsolosun telgrafla Frans\u0131z B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi\u2019ne iletmesine karar verirler.<\/p>\n

Bab-\u0131 Ali\u2019nin Musul S\u00fcryani Katolikleri i\u00e7in verdi\u011fi bu karar\u0131n uygulamaya konmas\u0131n\u0131 bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in durdurmak amac\u0131yla Bay Peretti\u00e9 \u0130stanbul nezdinde araya girerek, Fransa B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fine Musul S\u00fcryanilerinin talihsiz durumunu ve Yakubiler\u2019le T\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fbmeti taraf\u0131ndan maruz b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 bask\u0131 ve \u015fiddeti, bir telgrafla g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serdi.<\/p>\n

6 May\u0131s Cumartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i\u2019nin yollad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131tta, Ba\u011fdat M\u00fc\u015firi ve Musul Valisine g\u00f6nderilen bir telgrafla Bab-\u0131 Ali nezdinde, yap\u0131lacak giri\u015fim sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131ncaya kadar\u00a0Ferman<\/em>\u00a0uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n geciktirilmesine ili\u015fkin bir emrin yolland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iletir.<\/p>\n

\u201cO ara Yakubiler de bo\u015f durmayarak Ba\u011fdat-Musul kuryesine r\u00fc\u015fvet vererek geri d\u00f6nmekte acele etmesini ve 7 May\u0131s Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0zafer belgesini<\/em>\u00a0kendilerine ula\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 istediler. Bunun \u00fczerine Ba\u011fdat\u2019tan derhal yola \u00e7\u0131kan kurye, normal tarihten 24 saat daha \u00f6nce istenen belgeleri Musul valisine ula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu durum Katolikleri kedere bo\u011fmu\u015fken Yakubiler sevin\u00e7ten \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131na d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcler, zaferlerini en g\u00f6steri\u015fli bi\u00e7imde kutluyorlard\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

Mixayel Faris mektubunda devamla. \u201cDaha \u00f6nceleri onlar\u0131n e\u015fek palan\u0131 yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olan piskoposlar\u0131, bir rastlant\u0131 sonucu \u00f6nce rahip ve daha sonra da papaz olmu\u015f, \u00e7ekingen, miskin karakterine ra\u011fmen, hemen harekete ge\u00e7ti ve\u00a0Ferman\u2019\u0131n<\/em>\u00a0derhal uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 validen talep etti.<\/p>\n

Vali, o an i\u00e7in yapacak bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ama, ertesi g\u00fcn bizzat kendisinin mahalline gelerek, biri Ortodokslara [Katoliklere], \u00f6teki de sapk\u0131nlara [Yakubilere], kiliseyi ikiye b\u00f6len duvar\u0131 y\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n

Bunun \u00fczerine Fransa Konsolosu \u00e7evirmenini g\u00f6ndererek Pa\u015fa\u2019ya \u0130stanbul emrini al\u0131p almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu. Yan\u0131t elbette ki olumsuzdu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Pa\u015fa, yukar\u0131dan emir ve bask\u0131 da olsa Katoliklerin kiliselerini Yakubilere teslim etmekte kararl\u0131yd\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu icraat i\u00e7in ahlaks\u0131z Pa\u015fa onlardan b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda r\u00fc\u015fvet alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

R\u00fc\u015fvet\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda Pa\u015fa\u2019dan ba\u015fka onun o\u011flu, yan\u0131ndaki y\u00f6neticilerden baz\u0131 yetkililer ve muhaf\u0131z birli\u011finden askerler vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ak\u015fama do\u011fru Katoliklerin bir temsilcisi valiye gitti ve ondan karar uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7 olmazsa 24 saat geciktirilmesi i\u00e7in yalvard\u0131. Yani Pazartesi ak\u015fam\u0131na kadar. Ama bu \u00e7aba da sonu\u00e7 vermedi ve temsilci eli bo\u015f d\u00f6nd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Bunun \u00fczerine Fransa konsolosu yeni bir telgrafla Fransa B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i\u011fi\u2019ne bu olumsuz durumu yeniden \u015f\u00f6yle iletti\u00a0Bab-\u0131 Ali\u2019nin bilmesini istedi\u011fimiz, e\u011fer vali ertesi g\u00fcn bu karar\u0131 uyguluyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirse, bunun sonucunda kan d\u00f6k\u00fclece\u011fini, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Katoliklerin bu zorbal\u0131\u011fa g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanarak sonuna kadar direnmeye karar verdiklerini,\u00a0<\/em>bildirdi.\u201d<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen giri\u015fimlerine \u0130stanbul\u2019dan da bir yan\u0131t gelmemesinden do\u011fan\u00a0 suskunluk S\u00fcryanilerin hepisini derin bir endi\u015fe ve korkuya sevk eder: \u201cMabetlerimize, sunaklar\u0131m\u0131za hakaretlerin, kirletmelerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmekte oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, kiliselerimizin sapk\u0131nlar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7ece\u011fi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla o geceyi umutsuzluk ve huzursuzlukla ge\u00e7irdik. \u0130nilti ve yak\u0131nmalarla sars\u0131ld\u0131k. Kad\u0131nlar ve \u00e7ocuklar da a\u011fl\u0131yorlard\u0131. Hepimiz, ellerimizi havaya a\u00e7\u0131k, ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kald\u0131rarak derin derin i\u00e7 ge\u00e7iriyor, dua ediyorduk.<\/p>\n

8 May\u0131s Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc, sabah\u0131n erken bir vaktinde, o me\u015f\u2019um g\u00fcn, u\u011fursuz, k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli Yakubiler topland\u0131lar. Ba\u015flar\u0131nda piskoposlar\u0131, Pa\u015fa ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye giderek emrin icras\u0131n\u0131 istediler.<\/p>\n

Pa\u015fa konseyini (idare heyeti) toplad\u0131 ve kendisi kadar ahlaks\u0131z Katolik ileri gelenlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylelikle hakka ve ger\u00e7e\u011fe uygun karar verdiklerine inand\u0131racaklard\u0131 s\u00f6z\u00fcm ona, herkesi. Toplant\u0131dan sonra Pa\u015fa uygulaman\u0131n derhal ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 emretti.<\/p>\n

\u00c7aresiz kalan Katolikler, bu defa M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir yasas\u0131na (kural\u0131na) dayanarak, ki bu gelenek, baz\u0131 konularda rica sahibine 3 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir f\u0131rsat verilmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyordu, dayanarak taleplerini yenilediler. Ama ne yalvarma, ne de g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n faydas\u0131 oldu. Katoliklerin her iste\u011fi, reddedildi Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan. S\u00f6z\u00fcm ona, toplant\u0131ya \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lan Katolik ileri gelenleri de karar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

Pa\u015fa at\u0131na binerek telgrafhaneye gider, Ba\u011fdat M\u00fc\u015firini bilgilendirecektir. \u0130kisi telgrafla\u015f\u0131rken m\u00fcthi\u015f bir f\u0131rt\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerini keser. Bu arada Fransa Konsolosu, \u00e7evirmenini tekrar Pa\u015fa\u2019ya g\u00f6nderir. Bu defa ona,\u00a0bu icraat\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kendi \u015fahs\u0131 i\u00e7in de a\u011f\u0131r olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek uygulaman\u0131n \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iletir\u00a0<\/em>ama, Pa\u015fa ne onu dinlemeye, ne de yan\u0131t vermeye zaman\u0131 oldu\u011funu, \u0130mparatorluk emrini uygulayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n

Bir etki yaratamayan konsolos b\u00fcrosuna gider ve \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Fransa B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isine valinin tutumunu ve bunun sonucu olarak Musul\u2019da ciddi olaylar\u0131n meydana gelece\u011fini bildirir.<\/p>\n

Bundan sonra meydana gelen olaylar\u0131 Mixayel Faris\u2019in kaleminden izliyoruz:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00d6\u011fleden sonra saat birde Yakubiler jandarma, asker ve bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman grup e\u015fli\u011finde, ki bu birlik mensuplar\u0131 Katolikler aleyhine tahriklerde bulunmak \u00fczere parayla tutulmu\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan olu\u015fuyordu, kiliseye do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. Arkalar\u0131ndan da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kalabal\u0131k sald\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcryanilerin hepsi ayaktayd\u0131lar ve kendilerini savunmaya haz\u0131rd\u0131lar. Katolikler ma\u011fdur durumdayken Yakubi kad\u0131nlar bile evlerin damlar\u0131ndan sevin\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131 at\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki ruhbanla birlikte 100 kadar Katolik kilisede bulunuyordu. Dua etmekten ba\u015fka silahlar\u0131 yoktu. Bu kilisenin koruyucusu olan Kutsal Bakire\u2019den (Meryem Ana) mucize bekliyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sapk\u0131nlar ve askerler kilise kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 zorlad\u0131lar ama bo\u015funa. Bunun \u00fczerine onlara komutanl\u0131k eden subay ate\u015f emri verdi. Kilise ve ba\u015fpiskoposlu\u011fa ate\u015fe ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bu karga\u015fa ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonu korkutucuydu. Sapk\u0131nlar M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 tahrik ederek onlar\u0131 d\u00f6rt bir yandan Katoliklerin \u00fcst\u00fcne s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Tahrik i\u00e7in M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara \u015f\u00f6yle sesleniyorlard\u0131:\u00a0Katolikler sultan\u0131m\u0131za ihanet ediyorlar, s\u0131rtlar\u0131n\u0131 Frans\u0131zlara dayam\u0131\u015flar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 dine mensuplar. Papa\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fcritleri onlar; ona tap\u0131yorlar.<\/em>\u00a0Peygamberin ad\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ncillerinden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar<\/em>.[9]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00d6fke \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131nl\u0131yordu ortal\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Ve daha \u00f6nce, Roma d\u00f6neminde ilk Hristiyanlara yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u015fu ba\u011f\u0131rt\u0131 duyuluyordu:H\u0131ristiyanlara \u00f6l\u00fcm!<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Katoliklere bu \u015fekilde sald\u0131rmalar\u0131 Yakubileri mutlu k\u0131l\u0131yordu. Kendileri i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj sa\u011fl\u0131yorlard\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Sultan ad\u0131na da tezah\u00fcrat \u00e7oktu:\u00a0Ya\u015fas\u0131n Sultan\u0131m\u0131z!<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sonra sald\u0131r\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kalabal\u0131k, duvarlar\u0131 a\u015farak, kap\u0131lar\u0131 zorlayarak kilise avlusuna dolu\u015ftu. Katoliklerin kahramanca direni\u015fine ra\u011fmen kar\u015f\u0131 taraf \u015fiddet uygulamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Silah dip\u00e7ikleriyle, han\u00e7erlerle ve sopalarla sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frad\u0131lar. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar iki ruhban\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 esir ald\u0131lar. Ruhbanlar yere yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Onlardan biri olan Peder\u00a0Abo Luwiz<\/em>\u00a0yedi\u011fi dayaktan kendini kaybetti. Sakal\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yoldular. Ondan sonra bir Yakubi papaz M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara do\u011fru d\u00f6n\u00fcp \u015f\u00f6yle ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131:\u00a0\u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fcn onu, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcn![10]<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 papaz elindeki de\u011fnekle kendisi bizzat h\u0131rsla, \u00f6fkeyle sa\u011f\u0131nda solunda bulunan Katoliklere sald\u0131rarak vuruyordu.<\/p>\n

Bu ara bir S\u00fcryani \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcnden yerde yatan pederin yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda a\u011flarken Yakubi papaz jandarmalara i\u015faret ederek onu sopayla bir g\u00fczel d\u00f6vmelerini istiyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan Yakubi kad\u0131nlar da damlardan seyrederken hayk\u0131r\u0131yor, Katolikleri iyice benzetmelerini istiyorlard\u0131. Hatta bu kad\u0131nlardan biri de\u011ferli bir par\u00e7a olan m\u00fccevherini \u00e7\u0131kararak dayak atan bir jandarmaya, e\u011fer o d\u00f6vd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc adam\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrse elindekini kendisine verece\u011fini v\u00e2dediyordu.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki ruhban dayak yedi\u011fi s\u0131rada, neredeyse son nefeslerini verecekken \u00e7etedeki vicdanl\u0131 bir cesur M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, onlar\u0131 barbarlar\u0131n elinden kurtard\u0131 ve kendi evine g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Katoliklerin \u00e7o\u011fu yaral\u0131, kendi kanlar\u0131nda bo\u011fulur halde yollar\u0131n ortas\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. H\u00fcz\u00fcn dolu bir sahne!<\/p>\n

Sonsuz bir \u0131zd\u0131rapla yaral\u0131lar aras\u0131nda durumlar\u0131 nispeten iyi olanlar, sald\u0131rganlara \u201cTanr\u0131 r\u0131zas\u0131 i\u00e7in yapmamalar\u0131n\u0131\u201d yalvar\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ama d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n vah\u015fetini hi\u00e7bir \u015fey durduramad\u0131. Aksine, \u00f6fkeyle ve sevin\u00e7le h\u0131rl\u0131yorlard\u0131:\u00a0Bu bizim g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz, bizim g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz!<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Birka\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n da ba\u015fpiskoposluk binas\u0131n\u0131n pencerelerini ni\u015fan alarak kur\u015fun ya\u011fd\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ba\u015fpiskopos ba\u015fta bu kur\u015funlamalar ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n dualar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, zavall\u0131 toplulu\u011funa endi\u015feli bak\u0131\u015flarla g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemeye \u00f6zen g\u00f6steriyor; O da bir t\u00fcr, \u00e7ektikleri bu ac\u0131lar\u0131 ve maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 tehlikeleri ve \u0131zd\u0131rab\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bu Sayg\u0131de\u011fer ruhban, pencereden pencereye, ad\u0131 konmam\u0131\u015f bir tela\u015fla giderek, Mezmur\u2019dan \u201cEy Rab! Halk\u0131n\u0131 kurtar!\u201d ilahi duas\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131 ak\u0131tarak s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

Katoliklere kar\u015f\u0131 olan nefretinde sald\u0131rgan g\u00fcruh daha da azg\u0131nla\u015f\u0131yor. Ba\u015fpiskoposlu\u011fun kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131rma giri\u015fiminde bulundular, i\u00e7eri girip Benni\u2019nin malik\u00e2nesine ve 15 y\u0131ll\u0131k piskoposlu\u011fu s\u00fcresince defalarca ya\u015fat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131zd\u0131rablar\u0131na daha beterini ya\u015fatmakt\u0131 ama\u00e7.<\/p>\n

Benni, olaylar\u0131n gidi\u015fat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda temsilcisini yeniden Pa\u015fa\u2019ya ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p durumu ve derdini iletebildi, hayat\u0131n\u0131n da tehlikede oldu\u011fu konusunda onu uyarabildi.<\/p>\n

\u0130syan\u0131n giderek ciddile\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6ren Pa\u015fa, d\u00fczeni yeniden sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in askeri bir birlik g\u00f6nderdi. Fakat o gelinceye kadar Yakubiler kiliseyi ikiye b\u00f6len duvar\u0131 y\u0131km\u0131\u015flar ve b\u00f6ylece yap\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm m\u00fclkiyetine sahip olmu\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ak\u015fama do\u011fru Pa\u015fa ikinci kiliseye gitti. Ki bu kilise Havari Aziz Tuma\u2019n\u0131n ad\u0131yla an\u0131l\u0131yordu. Onu da Yakubilere teslim edecekti.<\/p>\n

Bu kilisedeki Katolik topluluk, birka\u00e7 saat \u00f6nce \u015fiddete maruz b\u0131rak\u0131larak korkutulan, sindirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan Katolik karde\u015flerinin durmu nedeniyle, bir direnme g\u00f6stermeden ayr\u0131l\u0131yorlar. Ama buna ra\u011fmen kilisenin anahtar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan zango\u00e7la birlikte bir papaz ve Peder Mixayel kal\u0131yor. \u00d6nce direniyorlar ama yedikleri dayaktan bitkin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bu \u015fiddet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda daha fazla dayanamad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Manzara berbat ve korkun\u00e7tu; kutsal objelere Yakubiler ve askerler taraf\u0131ndan hakaretler yap\u0131l\u0131yor ve kirletiliyorlard\u0131. Kilisenin ha\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 ayaklar\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131rlarken Katoliklerin b\u00f6ylece her t\u00fcr idollerini yok etmek gerekti\u011fini hayk\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131. Daha \u00f6nceki kilisede yapt\u0131klar\u0131 gibi bu kiliseyi de ikiye b\u00f6len duvar\u0131 y\u0131kt\u0131lar. Her \u015fey onlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na haz\u0131rd\u0131 art\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Fransa Konsolosu ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn, yani 8 May\u0131sta durumu \u0130stanbul\u2019a, Fransa B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isine iletti ve Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6revden al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131, y\u0131k\u0131lan kilise duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n yenilenmesi i\u00e7in gerekenin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, tahrip olan iki kilisenin onar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve Yakubilerin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi.<\/p>\n

Yollad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Telgraf\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle sonland\u0131r\u0131yordu:\u00a0\u2026 ve de b\u00f6yle giderse, ne Musul\u2019da Fransa Konsolosu, ne Papal\u0131k G\u00f6revlisi, ne Dominikan Ruhbanlar, ne Frans\u0131z Rahibeler kurumunun ve ne de \u00fclkedeki di\u011fer Katoliklerin g\u00fcvende olabilece\u011fini<\/em>, belirtti.<\/p>\n

Ertesi g\u00fcn, yani Sal\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc konsolos \u00e7evirmenini valiye g\u00f6ndererek ondan ve Ba\u011fdat M\u00fc\u015firinden \u0130stanbul\u2019dan ald\u0131klar\u0131 emir gere\u011fi, Ferman\u2019\u0131n yerine getirilme i\u015flemini bekletmelerini talep etti. Pa\u015fa, y\u00fcz\u00fcne yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 o yapmac\u0131k ve g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7 ka\u00e7an nezaketle \u00e7evirmeni kabul etti.<\/p>\n

Bu sefer Konsolosun kendisi geldi, ona bu olayda \u00fcstlendi\u011fi rol\u00fc nas\u0131l oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 an\u0131msatt\u0131. Ona ve bu vesileyle, bu konuda anlatacak \u00e7ok \u015fey oldu\u011funu, ama bunlar\u0131 sayman\u0131n nezakete s\u0131\u011fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi ve ondan adalet taleb etti: T\u00fcm bu olaylar\u0131n sorumlusu olarak, bir valinin konsoloslu\u011fa, ba\u015fpiskoposlar Lion ve Benni\u2019ye, Dominikanlara ve Rahibelerin Manast\u0131r\u0131na hemen koruma tahsis etmenin gere\u011fini, vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Konsolos kendini, zorluk \u00e7\u0131karan bu valinin \u00f6z\u00fcrleri i\u00e7inde buldu, ama yine de taleb etti\u011fi koruma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yineledi. Daha sonra vali at\u0131na bindi, riyak\u00e2r olan \u00f6z\u00fcrlerini piskoposlara ve di\u011fer ruhbanlara da iletmek \u00fczere, yoluna koyuldu, ama onu kar\u015f\u0131lamak istememi\u015fler. Sorunlu kiliseleri kapatt\u0131rarak anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131nda g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ortal\u0131k biraz sakinle\u015fince H\u00fck\u00fcmet, \u00f6nceki g\u00fcnk\u00fc olaylarda yaralanan ve varsa \u00f6lenlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, yaral\u0131lar\u0131n durumunun tespit edilmesini emretti.<\/p>\n

Doktorlar 48 yaral\u0131 sayd\u0131, bunlardan birka\u00e7\u0131 yatakta tedavi g\u00f6recek haldeydi. Fakat dayak, i\u015fkence g\u00f6r\u00fcp de ayakta olan Katoliklerin say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok daha fazlayd\u0131. Yaral\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki 5 ki\u015finin ya\u015fayabilece\u011fi san\u0131lm\u0131yordu. Bir kad\u0131n korkudan \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n 20.000 Kuru\u015fluk (4.000 frank) talan ve h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k yapt\u0131klar\u0131 tahmin ediliyordu.<\/p>\n

10 May\u0131s \u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcn\u00fc ak\u015fam\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019dan g\u00f6nderilen bir kararname ula\u015ft\u0131 Musul\u2019a.\u00a0 Kararnamede Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6revden al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, Musul\u2019u hemen terk ederek yeni g\u00f6rev yerine hareketi isteniyordu. Pa\u015fa bunun \u00fczerine at\u0131na atlayarak hemen Ba\u011fdat M\u00fc\u015firi ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere yola koyuldu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nceki g\u00fcn Kerk\u00fck valisi, ak\u015fam \u00fczeri yeni atanan vali olarak, gelerek g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131. Yeni valinin d\u00fczeni sa\u011flayarak kiliseleri eski sahiplerine[11]<\/a>\u00a0iade edece\u011fi s\u00f6yleniyor. Buna ra\u011fmen bizler yine de hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z korkusu i\u00e7indeydik.<\/p>\n

Onun i\u00e7in ne olur ne olmaz diye her g\u00fcn Musul \u2013 Ba\u011fdat \u2013 \u0130stanbul\u2019dan gelecek yeni emirleri bekliyorduk. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu \u00fc\u00e7 merkezle taleplerimizin yerine getirilmesi i\u00e7in her g\u00fcn telgraflar al\u0131n\u0131p verilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Fransa Konsolosu \u0130stanbul\u2019dan beklenen, Ferman uygulamas\u0131yla ilgili yeni emrin geciktirilmesinden endi\u015fe ediyor ve elinden geleni yap\u0131yordu. Daha sonra, Musul\u2019daki bir Yakubi meslekta\u015f\u0131ndan, zaferler g\u00fcvenceye al\u0131nana kadar, onlar\u0131 ge\u00e7memesi i\u00e7in para alan T\u00fcrk Telgraf Memuru taraf\u0131ndan Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da bekletildiklerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu kadar olaydan hemen sonra kiliselerimizin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yak\u0131n bir zamanda bar\u0131\u015fa yeniden kavu\u015fabiliriz! Hem Pa\u015fa ve hem de Yakubileri cezaland\u0131rman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, hak ettikleri cezay\u0131 da alabilirler! Davalar\u0131 soru\u015fturuluyor, i\u00e7lerinde en \u00e7ok su\u00e7lu olanlar \u015fiddetle cezaland\u0131r\u0131lacaklar.<\/p>\n

Bize gelince; Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bizi koruyaca\u011f\u0131na ve ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olan yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bizden esirgemeyece\u011fine, \u015fu yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00fcnlerden \u00e7ok daha mutlu g\u00fcnler ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131za olan inanc\u0131m\u0131z daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lendi.<\/p>\n

Karde\u015fin Mixayel Faris\u201d<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u201cLa Persecution A Mossoul\u201d\u00a0Annales Catholiques, Cild II, 8 Temmuz 1876, ss. 73-78. \u00c7eviri: Memet Baytimur, Edite: Jan Be\u1e6f-\u015eawoce.<\/em><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0Mihail ya da Mihayel okunur.<\/em><\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>\u00a0Irak\u2019ta S\u00fcryani Ortodoks Kilisesine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalan \u00fcyelere Yakubi deniyor, bu bug\u00fcn bile hala b\u00f6yle s\u00f6ylenmekte. Katolik kilisesine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalanlar\u0131na ise S\u00fcryani, deniyor.<\/em><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>\u00a0Mons\u00f6ny\u00f6r Qurillos Behnam Benni. Musul ve \u00e7evresi S\u00fcryani Ba\u015fpiskoposu. Daha sonra Patrik Mor I\u011fna\u0163iyos Behnam II Benni (1831-1897). S\u00fcryani Katolik Kilisesi\u2019nde 1893-1897 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda patriklik g\u00f6revinde bulundu.<\/em><\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>\u00a0Askerlikte en y\u00fcksek r\u00fctbe, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Mare\u015fal.<\/em><\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>\u00a0Frans\u0131zca\u00a0Monseigneur\u00a0s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kardinallere, ba\u015fpiskoposlara ve piskoposlara \u00f6zel sayg\u0131 unvan\u0131n k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>\u00a0Mons\u00f6ny\u00f6r Ba\u015fpiskopos Lion Damiette, Mezopotamya, K\u00fcrdistan, Ermenistan ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019da Papal\u0131k temsilci yetkilisi.<\/em><\/p>\n

[8]<\/a>\u00a0Musul\u2019da g\u00f6revli Frans\u0131z Dominikan Misyon Ruhbanlar\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n

[9]<\/a>\u00a0Yakubilerin \u0130ncili Katoliklerinki ile tamamen ayn\u0131d\u0131r, ancak M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n fanatizmini k\u00f6r\u00fcklemek i\u00e7in bu utan\u00e7 verici hakarete ba\u015fvuruyorlar.<\/em><\/p>\n

[10]<\/a>\u00a0Yahudiler bir keresinde onlarda b\u00f6yle ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cOnun kan\u0131 bize ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131za gelsin! (Latince s\u00f6ylem \u015f\u00f6yle:\u00a0Sanguis ejus super nos, et super filios nostros.)<\/em><\/p>\n

[11]<\/a>\u00a0Orijinalde \u201cOrtodoks\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olarak ge\u00e7iyor.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

http:\/\/www.kuzgunportal.com\/2020\/sait-cetinoglu-yakubi-suryanilerin-suryani-katoliklere-yonelik-baski-ve-zulumleri-ii-bolum-57279\/<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sait \u00c7ET\u0130NO\u011eLU Ge\u00e7en b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, Yakubi S\u00fcryanilerin S\u00fcryani Katoliklere, Mardin ve Mardin\u2019e yak\u0131n kalan Za\u2019faran Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019nda uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 zulme yer vermi\u015ftik. Bu kez Musul\u2019da, yine Mar Tuma ve di\u011fer bir ibadet yerinde, S\u00fcryani Katoliklere devlet ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n deste\u011finde yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcmleri, yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131na alaca\u011f\u0131z. Yaz\u0131m\u0131za temel ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z belge, Misyon yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda\u00a0Musul\u2019da Yakubi Kilisesi ve Yanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Despotik Zulm\u00fc Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla\u00a0yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[1] Alt […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57481","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nYakubi S\u00fcryanilerin S\u00fcryani Katoliklere Y\u00f6nelik Bask\u0131 ve Zul\u00fcmleri II.B\u00f6l\u00fcm - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=57481\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yakubi S\u00fcryanilerin S\u00fcryani Katoliklere Y\u00f6nelik Bask\u0131 ve Zul\u00fcmleri II.B\u00f6l\u00fcm - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sait \u00c7ET\u0130NO\u011eLU Ge\u00e7en b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, Yakubi S\u00fcryanilerin S\u00fcryani Katoliklere, Mardin ve Mardin\u2019e yak\u0131n kalan Za\u2019faran Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019nda uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 zulme yer vermi\u015ftik. 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