{"id":57400,"date":"2020-05-20T04:29:14","date_gmt":"2020-05-20T09:29:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=57400"},"modified":"2020-05-20T04:29:14","modified_gmt":"2020-05-20T09:29:14","slug":"topal-osman-ve-hiristiyanlarin-giresunun-ticari-yasaminda-yok-edilmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=57400","title":{"rendered":"Topal Osman ve H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n Giresun\u2019un Ticari Ya\u015fam\u0131nda Yok Edilmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Topal Osman fakt\u00f6r\u00fc ile ilgili \u00e7ok \u015fey yaz\u0131ld\u0131 ve s\u00f6ylendi biz bu fakt\u00f6r\u00fc\u00a0Annuaire Oriental\u00a0ve Giresun\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0Ye\u015fil Gireson Gazetesi\u00a0sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyerek biraz daha somutla\u015ft\u0131rarak ortaya koymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Annuaire Oriental,\u00a0<\/em>sadece eyaletlerin, vilayetlerin ve kazalar\u0131n toplumsal ve ticari yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, i\u015f kollar\u0131 ve \u00fcretim yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 resmetmez. Bir\u00e7ok \u015feyi g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sererek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ta\u015f\u0131r.\u00a0 Y\u0131ll\u0131klar\u0131n sahifeleri ayn\u0131 zamanda bir\u00e7ok \u015fey saklamaktad\u0131r. Y\u0131ll\u0131klar\u0131 birbirleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak sermaye hareketlerini kolayca izlenmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Biz de bu yaz\u0131da Giresun Kazas\u0131n\u0131n 1914 y\u0131l\u0131 ile 1922 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n ticari yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyerek birbirleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Giresun Rum unsurun hem n\u00fcfus hem de ekonomik olarak a\u011f\u0131r bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yerdir. Kaptan Yorgi 20 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n kesintisiz belediye ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u015fehirdir.<\/p>\n

1914 y\u0131l\u0131 Giresun ticari ya\u015fam\u0131 olduk\u00e7a canl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Bir liman kenti olarak, ticarette ve zanaatta olduk\u00e7a geli\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fu gibi d\u0131\u015far\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak uluslararas\u0131 ticaretin merkezlerinden biri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Giresun\u2019un 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda 19.000 olan n\u00fcfusun bile\u015fimi; 7.500 T\u00fcrk, 8.500 Rum ve 3.000 Ermeni olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sava\u015f\u0131n hen\u00fcz ba\u015f\u0131nda (1914) Giresun\u2019da ticari ya\u015fama Rumlar\u0131n ve Ermenilerin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ticaretin ve zanaat\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn kollar\u0131nda bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu y\u0131llarda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman H\u0131ristiyan ortakl\u0131klar da mevcuttur.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131ll\u0131kta Giresun\u2019un 1922 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfusu da 20.000 olarak belirtilmi\u015f fakat din ve milliyet ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1922 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zel olarak se\u00e7memizin nedeni sava\u015f\u0131n son y\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve hen\u00fcz bar\u0131\u015f imzalanmam\u0131\u015f, m\u00fcbadele ad\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki kovulma ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda Giresun\u2019a kom\u015fu illerdeki ticari ya\u015famda az da olsa Ermeni ve Rum varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 muhafaza etmelerine ra\u011fmen, Giresun ticari ya\u015fam\u0131nda bir tek Rum ve Ermeni kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n yok edilmesiyle Giresun ticari ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n darald\u0131\u011f\u0131 1922 y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Baz\u0131 i\u015f kollar\u0131 ve zanaatlar ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda Giresun\u2019un d\u00fcnya ile ili\u015fkisinin kesildi\u011fi de bir ba\u015fka ac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekliktir.<\/p>\n

1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda H\u0131ristiyanlar Ekonominin ger\u00e7ek akt\u00f6rleridir. Ekonomik olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve emperyal g\u00fc\u00e7lerle rekabet edecek durumdad\u0131rlar. Bunlar\u0131n komprador olarak yaftalanmalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7arp\u0131tmad\u0131r. Bu tabir, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\/T\u00fcrk sermayenin niteli\u011fini gizlemeye y\u00f6neliktir. En az\u0131ndan Pontos\u2019un iki evlad\u0131 Pisani[dis] ve Mavridis\u2019in bu anlay\u0131\u015fa at\u0131lan en b\u00fcy\u00fck tokat oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Mavridi[s) ve Pidani[dis], f\u0131nd\u0131k ticaretinin uluslararas\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerindendirler.<\/p>\n

1921 y\u0131l\u0131\u00a0Annuaire Oriental<\/em>\u00a0alb\u00fcm\u00fcnde Ermenilerin tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131 yok olmakla birlikte, Rumlar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yerlerini korumakta iken 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda birdenbire tamamen buharla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu durum \u201cTopal Osman mucizesi\u201d olarak okuyabiliriz. Giresun \u201cmillile\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir\u201d. Bug\u00fcn Giresunlular\u0131n Topal Osman\u2019a sahip \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131, r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda g\u00f6remeyecekleri imkana Topal Osman sayesinde kavu\u015ftuklar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylersek abartm\u0131\u015f olmay\u0131z.<\/p>\n

1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda Topal Osman ailesinden (Feridun Zade) hi\u00e7 kimse ticarette yer almazken, 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osman\u2019\u0131n a\u011fabeyi Feridun Zade Hac\u0131 Hasan\u2019\u0131 Giresun\u2019un\u00a0muteber<\/em>t\u00fcccarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

Topal Osman, davetlerini ve bulu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 Giresun\u2019un en zengin ailesinin kona\u011f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Bir ferdi \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi ad\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki infaz organlar\u0131n\u0131n karar\u0131 ile idam edilen Mavridis\u2019lerin kona\u011f\u0131na el koymu\u015ftur. Mavridis\u2019lere ait m\u00fclk\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcne tapulatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 11 Nisan 1936 g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u00a0Ye\u015fil Gireson\u00a0<\/em>Gazetesinde ilan edilen 4.5.1936 tarihli bir sat\u0131\u015f ilan\u0131 do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cDefterdarl\u0131ktan<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Mahallesi<\/td>\nSoka\u011f\u0131<\/td>\nNo<\/td>\nCinsi<\/td>\nSahibi evveli<\/td>\nT. E. Bedel lira<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Selde\u011firmeni<\/td>\nsayta\u015f<\/td>\n3580<\/td>\nBah\u00e7e<\/td>\nMavridi[s] mihalaki kar\u0131s\u0131 Anna ve Feridun O. Osman A\u011fa O\u011fullar\u0131<\/td>\n\u00a0500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hac\u0131 siyun<\/td>\nTariki cedit<\/td>\n<\/td>\nD\u00fckkan ve hane arsalar\u0131<\/td>\nKiziro\u011flu Vahan ve Mihran<\/td>\n700<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnk\u00fc ilanda Kiziro\u011flu Vahan ve Mihran\u2019\u0131n emval-i metruke denilerek el konulan d\u00fckkan\u0131 ve ev arsalar\u0131 da sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"yesilgireson\"
11 Nisan 1936 g\u00fcnl\u00fc Ye\u015fil Gireson<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermeni ve Rumlardan eser kalmam\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok alanda faaliyet g\u00f6steren bir yabanc\u0131 \u015firket ile 4 tane yabanc\u0131 sigorta \u015firketi kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u015firketlerin birine acenta olarak iltisak etmi\u015f bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman t\u00fcccar g\u00f6rmekteyiz.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. J\u00f6nt\u00fcrklerin H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 tarihsel topraklar\u0131ndan kaz\u0131rken, emperyal bir \u015firketin bir\u00e7ok alanda boy g\u00f6stermesine g\u00fc\u00e7leri yetmemi\u015ftir demek do\u011fru olur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n yok edilmesiyle Giresun halk\u0131n\u0131n ekme\u011fe muhta\u00e7 hale getirildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Zira art\u0131k Mavridis\u2019in de\u011firmeni yoktur. De\u011firmen i\u015fletmesinin \u00f6nemini anlamak isteyenlere Kom\u00fcnist Ermeni Hayk A\u00e7\u0131kg\u00f6z\u2019\u00fcn An\u0131lar\u0131\u2019[i]<\/a>tavsiye edilir.<\/p>\n

    1922\u2019de t\u00fcreyen K\u0131rzadeler de ilgin\u00e7 bir ailedir. K\u0131rzadeler,\u00a0 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccrimleri olarak Patrik Zaven\u2019in Exterminators\/yokediciler listesinde\u00a0\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleyenlerin listesi\u201dinde yer al\u0131rlar. Listenin 18. S\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ttihad\u0131n Trabzon \u00fcyesi olarak K\u0131rzade \u015eevki, 19. S\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 Acenta Mustafa (K\u0131rzade ) i\u015fgal eder[ii]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    K\u0131rzade Mustafa Trabzon\u2019daki Ermeni katliamlar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlusu olarak tutuklanarak Malta\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. 2976 numaral\u0131 Malta s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019dan K\u0131rzade Mustafa[iii]<\/a>\u00a0 Malta\u2019dan ilk firar eden biridir. Van valisi kasap Cevdet (Belbez) ile birlikte 6 Aral\u0131k tarihinde adadan ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130ngiliz raporlar\u0131nda \u0130talya\u2019ya gittikleri kaydedilir. Mustafan\u0131n e\u015finin de \u0130talya\u2019da bulunmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131n organize bir eylem oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

    K\u0131rzade \u015eevki Giresun\u2019da ticari hayat\u0131na devam ederken, Osmanl\u0131 Deniz Trafik memuru, \u0130ttihad\u0131n Trabzon \u00fcyesi, K\u0131rzade Mustafa \u201cbey\u201d<\/p>\n

    K\u0131rzade Mustafa M\u00fctareke\u2019de tutuklanmadan \u00f6nce \u0130stanbul t\u00fcccarlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Trabzonlu eski t\u00fcccar ve vapur acentesi Onnik Mohokan\u2019\u0131n K\u0131z\u0131 Sophie Tahmazyan\u2019\u0131n Y\u00fcksek komisyon \u00d6n\u00fcnde verdi\u011fi ifadede Mustafa Tranzon\u2019da Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirenlerin aras\u0131nda say\u0131l\u0131r.[iv]\u00a0<\/a>Siranu\u015f Mutafyan\u2019\u0131n ifadesinde Acenta Mustafa (K\u0131rzade) yetimlerin katledilmesinden sorumlu tutulur.[v]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Acente Mustafa, Trabzon \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Davas\u0131\u2019nda da yarg\u0131lananlar ve cezaland\u0131r\u0131lanlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.[vi]<\/a><\/p>\n

    K\u0131rzadeler, m\u00fcbadelede Rum m\u00fcbadillerinin Yunanistan\u2019a nakli i\u015fini yapanlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kemalist d\u00f6nemde de Kalkavan Zadelerle ortak gemicilik yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda, hen\u00fcz m\u00fcbadele ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda kovulma ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeden Giresun\u2019da ticari ya\u015famda bir tek Pontoslu Rum ve Ermeni b\u0131rak\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, Giresun merkezde m\u00fcbadelede kovacak Pontoslu Rum b\u0131rakmayan Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n y\u00f6ntemleri insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n milislerinden Genca\u011fa, H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n nas\u0131l yok edildi\u011fini y\u0131llar sonra bile deh\u015fetle anlatmaktad\u0131r: Toplu olarak bir yere toplay\u0131p yakma\u2026 \u201cDereye vard\u0131\u011f\u0131mda g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde bir ay\u00add\u0131nl\u0131k hissettim. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcler, ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flar, \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131rmalar, feryat\u00adlar geliyordu kula\u011f\u0131ma. Neler oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in de\u00adreden kar\u015f\u0131ya ge\u00e7ip yukar\u0131lara do\u011fru ko\u015fmaya, t\u0131rmanma\u00adya ba\u015flad\u0131m. Bizim k\u00f6y\u00fcn yama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131na geldi\u011fim\u00adde bir de ne g\u00f6reyim? \u00dc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt tane ev alev alev yan\u0131yor, in\u00adsanlar ac\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar at\u0131yor. K\u00f6y\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn ahalisini \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt eve doldurmu\u015flar, canl\u0131 canl\u0131 ate\u015fe vermi\u015flerdi. Korku\u00addan, ac\u0131dan titremeye ba\u015flad\u0131m. Yar\u0131m saat falan daha kal\u00add\u0131ktan sonra evime d\u00f6nd\u00fcm. Babam, \u201cBu saate kadar nere\u00adde kald\u0131n?\u201d diye sorunca, \u201cArtin Amca\u2019n\u0131n k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc, insanla\u00adr\u0131yla beraber yak\u0131yorlar\u201d dedim. Babam, \u201cK\u0131z\u0131m, o Topal Os\u00adman\u2019\u0131n i\u015fidir. Sak\u0131n kimseye s\u00f6yleme. Ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za i\u015f al\u0131r\u0131z. Ca\u00adn\u0131m\u0131zdan oluruz sonra\u201d diye tembihleyerek konuyu kapat\u00adt\u0131. O gece kimse bir \u015fey konu\u015fmad\u0131. Hepimiz korkuyor, ya\u00adnan insanlara ac\u0131yorduk. Masum ve salyangoz yiyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u00adc\u00fck \u00e7ocuklar g\u00f6zlerimin \u00f6n\u00fcnden hi\u00e7 gitmiyor. Bizim k\u00f6y\u00adden de hi\u00e7 kimse o k\u00f6ye bir daha gitmedi. Ne olup bitti\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in olsa dahi!<\/p>\n

    \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0O zaman, bu k\u00f6yde \u015fimdi oturan insanlar nereden gel\u00addiler?<\/p>\n

    \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Topal Osman, \u00e7ete mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n akrabalar\u0131na vermi\u015f Ermenilerin yerlerini.\u201d[vii]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n muhaf\u0131z\u0131 Genca\u011fa, Ermenilerin ve Rumlar\u0131n el konulan m\u00fclklerinin nas\u0131l el de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini de anlat\u0131r. Genca\u011fa, Zadelerin\/O\u011fullar\u0131n, Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131ndan en \u00e7ok nemalananlar oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler.\u00a0 Topal Osman el koydu\u011fu mallar\u0131 bunlarla payla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u201c-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ermenilerin evleri, yerleri ne oldu peki?<\/p>\n

    \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Osman A\u011fa, aram\u0131za \u00e7evreden kat\u0131lanlara, onlar\u0131n akra\u00adbalar\u0131na da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131 tek tek buralar\u0131. Veya bizim \u00e7etenin ihtiya\u00e7\u00adlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan, bize yard\u0131m eden, kendisine M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131m diyen a\u011falara, beylere da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131, payla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

    \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Bunu nas\u0131l yapt\u0131?<\/p>\n

    \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00c7ok basit: \u201cBu ev senin, bu tarla senin, bu araziyi sen ve\u00adya s\u00fclalen ekip bi\u00e7ecek\u201d dedi, oldu bitti. Ast\u0131\u011f\u0131 ast\u0131k, kesti\u011fi kestik zaten; her emri bir kanun. Az\u0131msayan, itiraz eden, be\u00ad\u011fenmeyen can\u0131ndan olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zaten bilirdi.<\/p>\n

    Giresun\u2019un i\u00e7inde veya \u00e7evresinde de b\u00f6yle mi oldu?<\/p>\n

    \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Elbette. \u015eu anki Giresun\u2019un zenginlerine bir bak\u0131n. Hep\u00adsi Osman A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n akrabalar\u0131, amcalar\u0131, day\u0131lar\u0131, hala, teyze \u00e7ocuklar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Kimler mesela?<\/p>\n

    \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Mesela \u2026o\u011fullar\u0131, mesela \u2026o\u011fullar\u0131. Her il\u00e7ede de o y\u00f6\u00adrenin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ailelerine, a\u011falar\u0131na mal m\u00fclk da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131. Hep\u00adsinin zenginlikleri de Ermenilerin veya Rumlar\u0131n evleri\u00adne, arazilerine konmaktan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. O g\u00fcnden bu yana da kullanmaktad\u0131rlar, o\u011fullardan torunlar\u0131na akta\u00adra aktara. Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonra da \u00fczerlerine tapu kayd\u0131 yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar.\u201d[viii]<\/a><\/p>\n

    1922\u2019de t\u00fcccar olarak boy g\u00f6steren bu zade\u2019ler aras\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn Topal Osman ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki Giresun M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyetinin kurucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 ilgin\u00e7tir. Bu durum, soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan elde ettiklerinin kaybedilme riskinin silaha sar\u0131lman\u0131n saiki oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fini do\u011frulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemekte sak\u0131nca yoktur.<\/p>\n

    Muteber\u00a0<\/em>t\u00fcccarlardan La\u00e7in Zade Hakk\u0131, Hasan Yaz\u0131c\u0131 Zade H\u00fcseyin ve Hac\u0131 Emin Zade Emin Giresun M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyetinin kurucular\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n evlerde bir araya toplay\u0131p toplu katliamlar\u0131nda s\u00f6z edince H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 vapur kazan\u0131nda toplu yak\u0131lmas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmeden ge\u00e7mek olmaz. MilislerindenMehmet \u015eakir naklediyor:<\/p>\n

    \u201c[Osman] A\u011fa \u00e7ark\u00e7\u0131ba\u015f\u0131 ya sordu: Bunlar\u0131 makine dairesinde koyacak yerin var m\u0131 dedi. \u00c7ark\u00e7\u0131ba\u015f\u0131 anlamad\u0131, Osman a\u011fa oca\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde yer var m\u0131 deyince Celal Bey heyecanland\u0131. Yahudi Celal ne olacak a\u011fa hazretleri dedikte, a\u011fa yanacaklar deyince i\u015fte Celal Bey titremeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Osman a\u011fa \u00e7etelere emir verdi. S\u0131radan Rumlar kazan\u0131n i\u00e7ine bir, iki, \u00fc\u00e7 gittiler. Bu Rumlar vapurun kazan\u0131na at\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra Ermeni kald\u0131.Art\u0131k s\u0131ra ona geleli. Osman a\u011fan\u0131n sordu\u011fu s\u00f6zlere hep aksi cevap veren Ermeni kendinin de yanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131nca Osman a\u011faya k\u00fcf\u00fcr s\u00f6yleyerek kendini ate\u015f kazan\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erisine ba\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc dalar gibi att\u0131. Osman a\u011fa s\u00fcvari Celal beye nas\u0131l vapur iyi yol yap\u0131yor mu deyince, Celal beyin \u00e7eneleri titredi\u011fi i\u00e7in a\u011faya cevap veremedi. Vapur tabii bu suretle Ordu\u2019ya daha evvel geldi.\u201d[ix]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Giresun Rumlar\u0131 \u00e7ok erken tarihlerde yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelerin korumas\u0131na girmi\u015flerdir. Soyad\u0131 off ile biten ki\u015filer muhtemelen Rus korumas\u0131ndad\u0131rlar. 1922 tarihinde koruma alt\u0131nda olanlardan da bir eser kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada Topal Osman Bol\u015feviklerle samimi ili\u015fkiler geli\u015ftirmekte, silah ticareti yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \"13Aralik1928\"
    M\u00fcbadeleye tabi olmayanlar\u0131n el konulan mallar\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 13 Aral\u0131k 1928<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Kemalist d\u00f6nemde, Ye\u015fil Gireson sayfalar\u0131nda el konulan Pontos Rumlar\u0131n\u0131n ve Ermenilerinin mallar\u0131n\u0131n mezatta sat\u0131lmakta oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bir ba\u015fka devletin korumas\u0131nda olanlar ve Ortodoks olamayan Rumlar m\u00fcbadele d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. M\u00fcbadil olmayan Pontos Rumlar\u0131n\u0131n mallar\u0131 da mezata konu olup sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan mallar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Mahkeme ad\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki infaz timleri olan \u0130stiklal \u201cMahkemeleri\u201dnde katledilen ki\u015filerin mallar\u0131 da mezatta sat\u0131\u015fa konmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

    \"malmezat\"
    El konulan mallar\u0131n mezatta sat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131nda \u00f6nemli Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa elemanlar\u0131 da komuta d\u00fczeyinde Giresun\u2019dan ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Ege\u2019deki Rum pogromlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netenlerden Kaymakam Pertev Bey (General Demirhan) ve Komitac\u0131 Kaz\u0131m (Kaz\u0131m Yurdalan- Erzurum Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131) bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n sonu, her ma\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n misyonunu tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi h\u00fcsranla biter. Bu son Meclis zab\u0131tlar\u0131ndan yar\u0131m sayfada \u00f6zetlenir:<\/p>\n

    \u201cOSMAN B. (Kayseri) \u2014 Hunhar Osman hakk\u0131nda m\u00fchim bir takrir vard\u0131. Onu Okuyu\u00adnuz.<\/p>\n

    Riyaseti Celileye<\/p>\n

    M\u00fcdafii din ve vatan ve istikl\u00e2l olmas\u0131n\u00addan dolay\u0131 \u015fehidedilmi\u015f olan Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc karde\u015fimizin\u00a0Kaatillerinden olup bu sabah \u00c7ankaya\u2019\u00ads\u0131ndaki ik\u00e2metg\u00e2h\u0131nda yap\u0131lan m\u00fcsademe [\u00e7at\u0131\u015fma] neti\u00adcesinde mecruhan [yaral\u0131] derdest edilmi\u015f [yakalanm\u0131\u015f] ve ahiren [sonras\u0131nda] gebermi\u015f olan kaatil, hunhar Kaymakam\u0131 Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n Meclis kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde salben [asarak] te\u015fhir edilmesini teklif eyleriz. 2 Nisan 1339 [1923]<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    <\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Van<\/td>\nBayezid<\/td>\nKayseri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Haydar<\/td>\n\u015eevket<\/td>\nOsman Zeki<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    K\u0131r\u015fehir<\/td>\nErzincan<\/td>\nTrabzon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sad\u0131k<\/td>\nH\u00fcseyin<\/td>\nCelal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Dersim<\/td>\nKastamonu<\/td>\nErzurum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ramiz<\/td>\nHulusi<\/td>\n\u0130smail<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Gen\u00e7<\/td>\nDersim<\/td>\nCanik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Fikri<\/td>\nMustafa<\/td>\nS\u00fcleyman<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Canik<\/td>\nKarahisar\u0131 Sahib \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Sivas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ahmet Nafiz<\/td>\nM.\u015e\u00fckr\u00fc<\/td>\nZiyaettin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0130sparta<\/td>\n<\/td>\nSivas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Nadir<\/td>\n<\/td>\nEmir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
    (Kabul sadalar\u0131) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    RE\u0130S \u2014 Kabul edenler l\u00fctfen ellerini kald\u0131rs\u0131n Salben te\u015fhiri m\u00fcttefikan [itt kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    SAL\u0130H Ef. (Erzurum) \u2014 Buna el kald\u0131rm\u0131yan \u015feriki [orta\u011f\u0131 olarak] c\u00fcrmolacakt\u0131r [su\u00e7lanacakt\u0131r]. (M\u00fcttefikan ses\u00adleri)<\/p>\n

    H\u00dcSEY\u0130N B. (Erzincan) \u2014 Millet \u00e7ok ya\u00ad\u015fas\u0131n!\u201d[x]<\/a><\/p>\n

    \"topal
    Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n Salben te\u015fhiri<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Bu arada hat\u0131rlatmadan ge\u00e7meyelim Topal Osman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde 500.000 lira miras b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 1 Nisan 1923 G\u00fcnl\u00fc Vakit Gazetesinden bildirilmektedir.[xi]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Giresun bir anlamda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sermayenin T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmesinin \/m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n bir laboratuvar\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. T\u00fcrkiye iktisat tarihlerinde es ge\u00e7ilen ya da g\u00f6rmezden gelinen sermaye transferi Giresun \u00f6zelinde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Giresun merkezdeki 3.000 Ermeni ile 8.500 Pontoslu Rum ve tarihsel topraklar\u0131ndan kaz\u0131nm\u0131\u015f birikimlerine el konulmu\u015ftur. Bu bak\u0131mdan Giresun tarihi bir anlamda sermayenin kara tarihidir. Topal Osman, Pontos\u2019un kalbi Giresun\u2019da bu \u201ckara tarihi\u201d \u00f6zenle yazan II. J\u00f6n T\u00fcrk fig\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"giresun
    Annuaire oriental 1914<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

     <\/p>\n

    1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda Giresun\u2019un sosyal ve iktisadi ya\u015fam\u0131 (Annuaire Oriental sh. 1520-1524)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7kiler<\/strong>Pavlidis<\/td>\nKibrit<\/strong>Cacoulid\u00e9s (George) (The), E\u015fref Sar\u0131 Mahmut Zade, Haf\u0131z Mehmet esad Kara Mahmut Zade<\/p>\n

    Hochastrasser et cie.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Antikac\u0131<\/strong>Eucarpides Plychonis<\/td>\nSilahlar<\/strong>Hac\u0131 Ahmet Zade Haf\u0131z \u00d6mer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Mimarlar<\/strong>Collaro Pierre<\/p>\n

    Hermides (Dem)-Tchouche Chaharalambe<\/p>\n

    Tchouche Sava-Valsamaki<\/td>\n

    		Avukatlar<\/strong>Aftonidis Efendi- Hermid\u00e9s Panayottis<\/p>\n

    Molla Zade Ali A\u011fa- Toros Efendi<\/p>\n

    Zorian Apik Efendi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Banques\/Bankalar<\/strong>Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131 Dir. C. Sadoch<\/p>\n

    Ziraat Bankas\u0131 Hac\u0131 Ali Zade Kosif Ef.<\/p>\n

    Manque Franco Turque Hrachia maral Garibian<\/td>\n

    		Kereste Yap\u0131 Malzemeleri<\/strong>Delicaris (Nicolas)-Keakulo\u011flou Fr\u00e9res<\/p>\n

    Mavrid\u00e9e Fils(G.P.)<\/p>\n

    Zarifi (I) Dir. Mossiad\u00e9s (G)<\/p>\n

     <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Banquiers\/ Bankerler<\/strong>Mavrid\u00e9s(P) Fils-Pisani[dis] (Georges C.)<\/p>\n

     <\/td>\n

    		Tah\u0131l<\/strong>Cacoulid\u00e9s (Georger th.)<\/p>\n

    Haf\u0131z Mehmet Esad Kara\u00a0 Mustafa Zade<\/p>\n

    Karamvalis et Cie, Surmelis (Jourdain J)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    D\u00f6viz B\u00fcrolar\u0131<\/strong>Emirza Fr\u00e9res-Mazmanian (H)<\/p>\n

    Ohannessian Fr\u00e9res- Ozanian (Nichan)<\/p>\n

    Soumoundjian (A)<\/p>\n

    Spathoupoulo (G.V.)-Tabakdjian (M)<\/td>\n

    		Kul\u00fcpler<\/strong>T\u00fcrk: H\u00fcrriyet ve \u0130tilaf, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki<\/p>\n

    Ermeni: Sosyal DemRum: okrat Hentchakian, Tachnaktzioutioune,<\/p>\n

    Rum: Argonafti<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Deniz kazas\u0131 Hasar experleri<\/strong>Cacoulid\u00e9s (C.N.)<\/p>\n

    Sharighian (Oh)Hochstrasser et cie<\/p>\n

    Khidichian (H.K)- Khidichian (M)<\/p>\n

    Pisani[d\u00e9s] (G:C.)- Sourmelis (J.J.)<\/p>\n

    V\u00e9l\u00e9dian (Agop A)<\/td>\n

    		Commissionaires\/Simsarlar<\/strong>Bedlian, Shahrighian (Ohannes)<\/p>\n

    Hochstrasser et cie, Karaghousian (A) ef Fr\u00e9res<\/p>\n

    Khidichian (H.K)- Khidichian (M) Fils<\/p>\n

    K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Zade (M)-Narlian (Kircor)<\/p>\n

    Papadopoulo (N) Fr\u00e9res, Pavlid\u00e9s (Const. Cyrille)<\/p>\n

    Pisani [dis] (Alex C.)- Pisani [dis] (Charlie A.)<\/p>\n

    Surmelis (J. J.), Spathopoulos (I) Fils<\/p>\n

    Tokatlian (M.G.) etnegociant, Surmelis (J. J)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Vapur \u015eirketleri<\/strong>Deutsche Levante Unie, Hoehstrasser et Cie\u2019, agents., Gumuchdjian. A. V\u00e9l\u00e9dian, agent.<\/p>\n

    Lloyd Autrichien, Algardi (G ) agent<\/p>\n

    Messageries Maritimes, Genna T., agent. Narigazione Gie ltaliana,Genna T., agent. Nurddeutscher lloyd, Hochstrasse et Cie,ag. Paquet et cie, Pylossian M, agent.<\/p>\n

    Russe de narig a vapeur et de commerce, Collaro (Andr\u00e9), agent. , Yannoulato Fr\u00e8res, N.<\/p>\n

    Papadopulos Fr\u00e9res,agente<\/td>\n

    		Kundurac\u0131lar<\/strong>Alexandrid\u00e9s L ).\u2014Anastassiad\u00e8s (Ant.). Kambouroglou (G). kokmanian (M).<\/p>\n

    Macrid\u00e9s (EL). Pliilippid\u00e9s (H)<\/p>\n

    Tomassian (K).\u2014Tompoulis (Eust ).<\/p>\n

    Tompoulis (Eutropius).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Tatl\u0131c\u0131lar<\/strong>Ekonomid\u00e9s (Lazarus<\/p>\n

    Hamza ZadeH\u00fcsni- Tchakirian (Hatchik)<\/td>\n

    		Boya Cila \u0130\u015fleri<\/strong>Makrid\u00e9s (Basil\u00e9 S.)<\/p>\n

    Panides (M) \u2013 Spathopoulos (G)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Cuirs \/ dericiler<\/strong>Anastassiadis (Anesti).<\/p>\n

    Indj\u00e9yan (Dan.).\u2014Khidichian (H. K.)<\/p>\n

    Macrid\u00e9s (N.S.).<\/p>\n

    Spathopoulos (D.) Fils.<\/p>\n

    Spathopoulos (G. V.).<\/td>\n

    		kundurac\u0131 mobilyalar\u0131<\/strong>Anastassiadis (Anesti).<\/p>\n

    Indjeyan (D.).\u2014 Macrid\u00e8 (Nicolas).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    s\u00f6m\u00fcrge \u00fcr\u00fcnleri<\/strong>Cacoulid\u00e9s (Georges Th.).<\/p>\n

    Cacoulid\u00e8s (N. Th.) Caramvalis (M. P) et Cie<\/p>\n

    Haci Ahmet Zade Arif.<\/p>\n

    Haf\u0131z mahmut\u00a0 Essad Kara Mustafa Zad\u00e9.<\/p>\n

    Pallassoff (Basil).<\/p>\n

    Sar\u0131 Mahmut Zad\u00e9 E\u015fref.<\/p>\n

    Sourmelis (Jourdain J.).<\/td>\n

    		elbiseciler<\/strong>Ghougaasian (D).<\/p>\n

    Khat\u00e9neasian (L\u00e9on),<\/p>\n

    Odahachian (Karink).\u2014 Seridjenian (P) Tchirdaklian Fr\u00e8res.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    dam\u0131t\u0131c\u0131lar<\/strong>loannid\u00e9s (Aristide).<\/td>\noteller<\/strong>Constantinople, tenu par Mouhacir A\u011fa<\/p>\n

    Houriet, tenu par Pacha Reize<\/p>\n

    K\u00e9rasunde, tenu par Cacoulid\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

    Mer Noire.tenu par Mietaxsopoulos (Lazaros) SeIonique, tenu par Dicran Zorian.<\/p>\n

    Th\u00e9ophilo-Palace, tenu par Th\u00e9ophilos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \u00e7uhac\u0131lar<\/strong>F\u00e9loukid\u00e9s (N. S.) et Cie.<\/p>\n

    Ipranossian Fr\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

    Papadopoulos (C. N.).<\/p>\n

    Tcbihlakian (V. et V.).<\/p>\n

    Valavanis (Georges).<\/td>\n

    		zeytinya\u011fc\u0131lar<\/strong>Cacoulid\u00e9s (Georges.Th.).<\/p>\n

    Hafiz Mehmet Esad Kara Mustafa Zad\u00e9<\/p>\n

    Karamvalis (M. P.) et Cie.<\/p>\n

    Pallassoff ( Basile).<\/p>\n

    Sar\u0131 Mahmut Zad\u00e9 E\u015fref.<\/p>\n

    Sourmelis (Jourdain J.).<\/p>\n

     <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    giri\u015fimciler<\/strong>Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale d\u2019enterprises<\/td>\ndiki\u015f makineleri<\/strong>Singer, D\u00e9dian (K.), agent. Basile Calvocoressi, secretaire-caissier<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    bakkallar<\/strong>Baron-Vartian (Vahram).<\/p>\n

    Chrissopoulos Fr\u00e8res. G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fo\u011flu (Mehmet Ali). Nar\u00e7in Zad\u00e9 \u2013 Phocaidis (Jean).<\/td>\n

    		manussa kuma\u015f\u00e7\u0131<\/strong>Galonian (Arom). ctures<\/p>\n

    Karagheuzian (Papel).\u2014 Odabachianan f\u00e9rres<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Farines -import de \/ un ithalat\u0131<\/strong>Baron Vartian (Artin).<\/p>\n

    Baron Vartian (Ohan).<\/p>\n

    Baron Vartian (Toros).<\/p>\n

    Cacoulid\u00e9s (Georges Th.). \u2014 Delicaris (A.). Delicaris (M.).<\/p>\n

    E\u015fref Sar\u0131 Mahmut Zad\u00e9. Guetchian Fr\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

    Haf\u0131z Mehmet Esad Kara mustafa Zade<\/p>\n

    Narlian Kirkor_ Pisani[dis] (G.C.)<\/p>\n

    Palassoff(B)- Sourmelis (J J)<\/td>\n

    		Manufactures\/man\u00fcf\u00fckt\u00fcr<\/strong>Adjadj (Youssouf),<\/p>\n

    Atmadjid\u00e8s (D).\u2014 Atmadjid\u00e8s (K. S.). Atmadjid\u00e9s (Costi). Baghdadlian (Manoug H). Dadian (Sarkis).\u2014 Delicaris (Haral. B.). F\u00e9loutikid\u00e8s (N. S.) et Cie.<\/p>\n

    Gulemirian (Agop).<\/p>\n

    Gul\u00e9mirian (Oh.) et Fils.<\/p>\n

    Hac\u0131 Ahmed Zad\u00e9 Saleh.<\/p>\n

    Hourbiliad\u00e9s (Elie P.) et Fils.<\/p>\n

    Hussein et Luzaros.\u2014 Ipranosaian Freres.<\/p>\n

    Khidichian (Ohann\u00e8s).<\/p>\n

    leptourgos Fr\u00e8res.\u2014Osman Zeki et Cie<\/p>\n

    Papadopoulos (C.) et Tchorbadjoglou- Pappadopoulo (N.).\u2014 Puppadopoulo (J )<\/p>\n

    Sari Alemdar Zad\u00e9 Haf\u0131z et Cie.<\/p>\n

    Soulemezid\u00e8s (k.) Fr\u00e9res.<\/p>\n

    Stefanid\u00e8s (L. et Sp.)<\/p>\n

    Tadjali Zad\u00e9 Temel.<\/p>\n

    Tahakjian (Hovhann\u00e8s). Teherkezian (Archam). Tcbihlakian (Kalust Man.) Tcbihlakian (Vartan).<\/p>\n

    Tchirdaklian Fr\u00e9res<\/p>\n

    Varytimos (Nicolas)- Xantopoulos (H)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Doktorlar<\/strong>Aslanid\u00e9s (ElieS)-Baron Vartanian (Nichan)<\/p>\n

    Eyub Mehmed Efendi, Belediye.<\/p>\n

    Deligeorge (C)-Malcosti (Arist.)<\/p>\n

    Papadopoulos (Chr.)- Saoulid\u00e9s (N)<\/p>\n

    Seraidarian (Mihran)-Sefanidis (P)<\/td>\n

    		K\u0131rtasiyeciler<\/strong>Ahmet Nafiz Zade<\/p>\n

    Ahmet \u00c7im\u015fit Zade<\/p>\n

    Haf\u0131z Hac\u0131 Ahmet Zade<\/p>\n

    Narlian (V)-Papadopoulo (Anastase)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Bask\u0131 yazma mendil (kalemker)<\/strong>Cacoulid\u00e9s (A) fr\u00e9res<\/td>\nDe\u011firmen<\/strong>Mavrid\u00e9s (G.P.) Fils<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0130thalat\u00e7\u0131 t\u00fcccarlar<\/strong>Baron Vartian (Artin G.)<\/p>\n

    Baron Vartian (Ohannes)<\/p>\n

    Cacoulid\u00e9s (Georges Th.)<\/p>\n

    Caramvalis (M.I)et Cie.<\/p>\n

    Delicaris (Arist.) \u2013 Delikaris (Mildi)<\/p>\n

    E\u015fref Sar\u0131 Mahmut Zade<\/p>\n

    Hac\u0131 Ahmet Zade Arif<\/p>\n

    Khidichian (H.K)- Mavrid\u00e9s (G) Fils<\/p>\n

    Mironidis (G)- Palassof (Basil H.)<\/p>\n

    Pavlid\u00e9s (G.C.)<\/p>\n

    Pisani [dis] (Alex C.)- Pisani [dis] (Charlie A.)<\/p>\n

    Pisani [dis] (Ch.A.)- Pisani [dis] (Georges C)<\/p>\n

    Surmelis (J. J.),<\/p>\n

    Spathopoulo (G)<\/p>\n

    Tokatlian (M.G.)<\/td>\n

    		\u0130hracat\u00e7\u0131 T\u00fcccarlar<\/strong>Alexandrid\u00e9s (N et P.),<\/p>\n

    Cacoulid\u00e9s (Georges Th.)<\/p>\n

    Avestopoulos (D)- Cacoulid\u00e9s (A) Fr\u00e9res<\/p>\n

    E\u015fref Sar\u0131 Mahmut Zade, Haf\u0131z Mehmet Esad K. Mustafa zade, K. Mustafa Z. Mustafa As\u0131m<\/p>\n

    Hermid\u00e9s (Paralampos Th.),<\/p>\n

    Hourbiliad\u00e9s (Elie P) et Fils,<\/p>\n

    Hochstrasser et cie,<\/p>\n

    Jamagotchian (Bedros K),<\/p>\n

    Kalpidis (lazaros),<\/p>\n

    Khidichian (M) Fils<\/p>\n

    Leptourgos (M.G.)-Mironid\u00e9s (G)<\/p>\n

    Palassof (Basil H.)- Pavlid\u00e9s (G.C.)<\/p>\n

    Pavlid\u00e9s (G.C.)- Pisani [dis] (Alex C.)<\/p>\n

    Papadopoulo (Ep),<\/p>\n

    Papadopoulos (N) Fr\u00e9res<\/p>\n

    Pisani [dis] (Ch.A.)- Pisani [dis] (G. C.)<\/p>\n

    Seitanid\u00e8s (P.) Fr\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

    Sourmelis (J. J.) \u2014 Spathopoulo (P) Fr\u00e9res<\/p>\n

    Spathopoulo (D) Fils.,<\/p>\n

    Spathopoulo (P.) Fr\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

    Spyrid\u00e8s (Anesti P). ,<\/p>\n

    Stefanidis (L. Et Sp.).\u2014Tokatlian (M. G.). Tombouli Fr\u00e8res.\u2014Tchitnoglou (Ant ).<\/p>\n

    Veledian (Agop A.).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Kuma\u015f ve giyecek d\u00fckkanlar\u0131<\/strong>Elefth\u00e9riad\u00e8s Fils.<\/p>\n

    Kambouroglou (Georges).<\/p>\n

    Tompoulis (Georges).<\/td>\n

    		Yumurtalar<\/strong>Cacoulidis Fr\u00e8res. \u2014Pavlid\u00e8s (G. C.), ihracat\u00e7\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sigara ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131<\/strong>Pavlid\u00e8s (Const. Cyrille), ithalat\u00e7\u0131<\/td>\nDeri<\/strong>E\u015frref Sari Mahmut Zade. Emriza Fr\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

    Khidichian (H.K.) .Tokatlian (M. G.).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Eczac\u0131lar<\/strong>Baron-Vartian (E.).-Christos.<\/p>\n

    Kilidjian (Vartan).- Tchilchckian (A.).<\/td>\n

    		Bal\u0131k<\/strong>Jamagotchian (Bedros K.).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Lokantalar<\/strong>Lazari (Charalambos).<\/p>\n

    Pappadopoulos (Pantcho)<\/td>\n

    		H\u0131rdavat ve z\u00fcccaciye<\/strong>Anastassiad\u00e8s (Lazaro).<\/p>\n

    Haci Ahmed Zade Hafiz \u00d6mer.<\/p>\n

    Indj\u00e9ian (D.).\u2014Kelledjian (Roghos).<\/p>\n

    Ohanessian (B. J.) et Fils.<\/p>\n

    Ohanessian (N.).<\/p>\n

    Oustabachian (Arakel H.).<\/p>\n

    Papadopoulos (N. J.).\u2014 Pappadopoulo (A.;. Xanthopoulo (Th.).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Buharl\u0131 kereste b\u0131\u00e7k\u0131haneleri<\/strong>Aksu\u2019da i\u015fletilen Mavrid\u00e8s.<\/p>\n

    Kulak Kaya, Zarifi (L.)et lPisani [dis](G. C.), i\u015fletmeci; Mo\u00efssiad\u00e8s (C.), m\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    De Kiarour-Hendek[?] Delicaris (Nicolas), i\u015fletmeci<\/td>\n

    		Terziler<\/strong>Diamandid\u00e8s : A.).\u2014 Jamgotchian (Herant). Panid\u00e9s (P.).<\/p>\n

    Papadopoulos (Jean).\u2014 Sf\u00e9ropoulos (N.). Spartiad\u00e9s (D.)-Spirid\u00e8s (N. P.).<\/p>\n

    Valavanis (Georges),<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Tabakhane<\/strong>Spatopoulos (Georges V.) et Fils.<\/td>\nKuru temizlemeciler<\/strong>Kirkkesselian (E. E.) Fr\u00e8res<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Pencere Camlar\u0131<\/strong>Kelledjian (Boghos).<\/p>\n

    Khidichian (H. K.)<\/p>\n

    Sourmelis (J. J.).<\/td>\n

    		\u015earap ve Lik\u00f6r<\/strong>Lazopoulos\u2014Papadopoulos (Ep).<\/p>\n

    Pavlid\u00e8s (Coust. Cyrille).\u2014Zarotiad\u00e8s (D.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Sigorta<\/strong>Aachen et Munich, incend.,<\/p>\n

    Hochstrasser et Cie, agents.<\/p>\n

    Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Cie d\u2019assur. ottomane, Pisani[dis] (Alexandre C.), agent.<\/p>\n

    Alliance de G\u00e8nes, vie, Khidichian (H. K.), agent, Anatolie d\u2019Ath\u00e8nes, vie, Pisani [dis](Charles A.), agent.<\/p>\n

    British-America, Polit\u00e8s (Dem), agent. Commercial Union, inc.,Cacoulid\u00e8s (Const.), agent.<\/p>\n

    Consortium (The), Cacoulid\u00e8s (Const), ag. Continentale, marit., Khidichian (M.) Fils, agent. Dacia Romnnia et Nationale Prussianne, Sourmelis (J. J.), agent.<\/p>\n

    Kihnili d\u2019Ath\u00e9n\u00e9, inc. et vie, Sourm\u00e9lis(J. J.), agent.<\/p>\n

    F\u00e9d\u00e9rale, marit. Cacoulid\u00e8s (C. N.), agent. Francfortoise, marit, Cacoulid\u00e8s (C. N.), agent. General, inc., G. P. Mavrid\u00e8s, agent.<\/p>\n

    Gresham, vie, Papadopoulo (N.) Foires, agent. Guardian, inc., Papadopoulo (N.) Fr\u00e8res, agent. Internationale, marit., Cacoulid\u00e8s (C. N.), agent. Internationale Belge, maritime, Badlian (Vahan), agent.<\/p>\n

    La Constancia, marit., Pisani[dis](Charles A.), agent.<\/p>\n

    Lancashirt et Cheshire, inc. et marit., Khidichian (M.) Fils, agent.<\/p>\n

    Devam\u0131 yanda\u2026<\/strong><\/td>\n

    		devam<\/u><\/strong>Law Union et Rock, vie, Khidichian (H.K.), agent. Lloyd Allemand, marit., Hochstrasser etCie, agent.<\/p>\n

    Lloyd International, maritime. N\u00e9ofitos (Alex. N.), agent.<\/p>\n

    Lloyd M\u00e9ridional, marit., Pisani[dis] (Charles A.), agent.<\/p>\n

    Mutuelle Lyonnaise, Evrenian (Artin), agent. National British & Irish Miller\u2019s, incendie. Neofitos (Alex. N ), agent.<\/p>\n

    National Coop\u00e9rative, inc. et marit., Khidichian (M.) Fils, agent.<\/p>\n

    Nationale-Vie, N\u00e9ofitos (Alex. N.), agent.<\/p>\n

    New-York, vie, Chahrighian (Ohann\u00e8s),ag. Orient (L), vie. Pisani[dis] (Ch. A ), agent. Ph\u0153nix of London, Pisani[dis] (Georges), agent. Premi\u00e8re Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Hongroise, Sourmelis(J. J.), agent.<\/p>\n

    Providentia, maritime, Chahrighian (Oh.), agent. Provinces-R\u00e9unies, vie, V\u00e9l\u00e9dian (Agop), agent. Royal Erchange. inc., Leptourgos (M), ag.<\/p>\n

    Rossia [La), Palasaoff (Basile), agent.<\/p>\n

    Union de Paris, inc.-vie, V\u00e9l\u00e9dian (Agop), agent. Universo, marit., Chahrighian (Oh.). agent. Victoria de Berlin, vie, Cacoulid\u00e8s (C. N.), agent. Western, inc., Khidichian (H.R.), agent.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"giresun
    Annuaire Oriental 1922<\/span><\/b><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    1922 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Giresun\u2019un sosyal ve iktisadi ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00a0(Annuaire Oriental sh. 1320-1321)<\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Kibrit<\/strong>Hochstrasser (J.J.)& co.<\/p>\n

     <\/td>\n

    		\u015eekerciler-Tatl\u0131c\u0131lar<\/strong>Hamzazade Hasan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Silah<\/strong>Hac\u0131ahmet Zade haf\u0131z<\/td>\nDeri<\/strong>Ali A\u011fazade Hac\u0131 Mehmet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sigorta<\/strong>Aachen Munich<\/p>\n

    Socvild d.de Cconstantinople<\/p>\n

    Financiere I.imperiale ottomans<\/p>\n

    Levante Hasan Yaz\u0131c\u0131 Zade H\u00fcseyin<\/td>\n

    		Duyunu Umumiye idaresi<\/strong>M\u00fcd\u00fcr Hasan Efendi<\/p>\n

    Emin Efendi<\/p>\n

    Azmi Efendi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Avukatlar<\/strong>Cemal Efendi-Hamzazade Adil- Mustafa Efendi<\/td>\nSarraflar<\/strong>Hac\u0131 Eminzade Emin<\/p>\n

    Hasan Yaz\u0131c\u0131 Zade H\u00fcseyin ve Beyaz\u0131t z. \u0130smail<\/p>\n

    Hattatzade Hac\u0131 Ali<\/p>\n

     <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Bankalar<\/strong>Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131- R. Glavany<\/p>\n

    Ziraat Bankas\u0131- H\u00fcseyin efendi<\/td>\n

    		Yay\u0131nc\u0131lar<\/strong>\u0130mpremerie National<\/p>\n

    Direkt\u00f6r. Cemil Bey<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Tah\u0131l<\/strong>Feridunzade Hac\u0131 Hasan<\/td>\nGazeteler<\/strong>Yeni Kerasunde- Cemil Bey<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Deniz Kazasa\u0131 Hasar Experi<\/strong>Hochstrasser (J.J.)& co.<\/p>\n

     <\/td>\n

    		Doktorlar<\/strong>\u015eaban \u2013 \u0130smail<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Buharl\u0131 Vapur \u015eirketleri<\/strong>Llyod Triestine-G. Balovich<\/p>\n

    Sociale \u0130tailiane-G. Balovich<\/p>\n

    Sociale Ototomane de navigation-H\u00fcseyin Ef.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/td>\n

    		T\u00fcccarlar<\/strong>Abazazade Haf\u0131z Mehmet<\/p>\n

    Anaforzade Karde\u015fler<\/p>\n

    Feridunzade Hac\u0131 Hasan<\/p>\n

    Hac\u0131 Ahmet Zade Arif<\/p>\n

    Hac\u0131 Emin Zade Emin<\/p>\n

    Hac\u0131 Emin Zade Esad<\/p>\n

    Hasan Yaz\u0131c\u0131 Zade H\u00fcseyin ve Beyaz\u0131t z. \u0130smail<\/p>\n

    K\u0131r Zade \u015eevki<\/p>\n

    Hochstrasser&co<\/p>\n

    Hochstrasser (J.J.)& co.<\/p>\n

    K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckzade M.<\/p>\n

    Lar\u00e7inzade Hakk\u0131&Mehmet bey<\/p>\n

    Selim&as\u0131m<\/p>\n

    Toma\u00e7 Zade Dursun<\/p>\n

    Yusuf Acaci<\/p>\n

    Zekeriya Kaptan Zade \u015e\u00fckri<\/p>\n

     <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    Eczac\u0131lar<\/strong>\u015eaban -Nationale<\/td>\nH\u0131rdavat ve Z\u00fcccaciye<\/strong>Hac\u0131 Ahmet Zade Haf\u0131z \u00d6mer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    T\u00fct\u00fcn [Reji]<\/strong>M\u00fcd\u00fcr Hakk\u0131 Bey<\/td>\nPecere Camlar\u0131<\/strong>Hochastrasser (J.J.)& co.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    [i]<\/a>Hayk A\u00e7\u0131kg\u00f6z, Anadolulu bir Ermeni Kom\u00fcnistin An\u0131lar\u0131, Ed. Attila Tuygan Belge Y. 2006<\/em><\/p>\n

    [ii]<\/a>Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu, Exterminators Yok Ediciler ve Erdemli M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, P\u00e9ri Y. 2011 s 86<\/em><\/p>\n

    [iii]<\/a>Vartkes Yeghiayan, Malta Belgeleri, \u00e7ev. J\u00fclide De\u011firmenciler, Belge y.2007 s 458<\/em><\/p>\n

    [iv]<\/a>Vartkes Yeghiayan, Malta Belgeleri\u2026 s 380-381<\/em><\/p>\n

    [v]<\/a>Vartkes Yeghiayan, Malta Belgeleri\u2026 s 382-383<\/em><\/p>\n

    [vi]<\/a>Vahakn N. Dadrian-Taner Ak\u00e7am, Tehcir ve Taktil, Divan-i Harbi \u00d6rfi Zab\u0131tlar\u0131, Bilgi \u00dcn. 2008 s 705-710<\/em><\/p>\n

    [vii]<\/a>Halil Erhan, 1915\u2019ten 1980\u2019e Karadeniz,\u00a0Ermeniler, E\u015fk\u0131yalar, \u0130nsanlar, Ya\u015famlar. \u0130leti\u015fim. 2015, s 97<\/em><\/p>\n

    [viii]<\/a>Halil Erhan, 1915\u2019ten 1980\u2019e Karadeniz\u2026, s 111-120<\/em><\/p>\n

    [ix]<\/a>M.\u015eakir Sar\u0131bayraktaro\u011flu, Osman A\u011fa ve Giresun U\u015faklar\u0131 Konu\u015fuyor, \u0130stanbul 1975. S 105-106, (kitap bir kamu kurumu olan Fiskobirlik deste\u011fiyle yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>.)<\/em><\/p>\n

    [x]<\/a>https:\/\/www.tbmm.gov.tr\/develop\/owa\/tutanak_dergisi_pdfler.birlesimler?v_meclis=1&v_donem=d01&v_yasama_yili=4&v_cilt&fbclid=IwAR2dMuf2CIRzHZ-k5YDRbpgzXspkX71qJxayQpnmwbJICbtCAuJrBkx5FtU<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

    [xi]<\/a>https:\/\/ozhanozturk.com\/2017\/12\/12\/topal-osman-cetesi\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

    Hyetert.org\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu Topal Osman fakt\u00f6r\u00fc ile ilgili \u00e7ok \u015fey yaz\u0131ld\u0131 ve s\u00f6ylendi biz bu fakt\u00f6r\u00fc\u00a0Annuaire Oriental\u00a0ve Giresun\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0Ye\u015fil Gireson Gazetesi\u00a0sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyerek biraz daha somutla\u015ft\u0131rarak ortaya koymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. Annuaire Oriental,\u00a0sadece eyaletlerin, vilayetlerin ve kazalar\u0131n toplumsal ve ticari yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, i\u015f kollar\u0131 ve \u00fcretim yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 resmetmez. Bir\u00e7ok \u015feyi g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sererek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ta\u015f\u0131r.\u00a0 Y\u0131ll\u0131klar\u0131n sahifeleri ayn\u0131 zamanda bir\u00e7ok […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":57401,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[72,44,1,9,70,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-belge","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-haklarimiz","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nTopal Osman ve H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n Giresun\u2019un Ticari Ya\u015fam\u0131nda Yok Edilmesi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=57400\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Topal Osman ve H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n Giresun\u2019un Ticari Ya\u015fam\u0131nda Yok Edilmesi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu Topal Osman fakt\u00f6r\u00fc ile ilgili \u00e7ok \u015fey yaz\u0131ld\u0131 ve s\u00f6ylendi biz bu fakt\u00f6r\u00fc\u00a0Annuaire Oriental\u00a0ve Giresun\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0Ye\u015fil Gireson Gazetesi\u00a0sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyerek biraz daha somutla\u015ft\u0131rarak ortaya koymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. 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