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TAMER \u00c7\u0130L\u0130NG\u0130R<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n 19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Samsun\u2019a yana\u015fan Band\u0131rma gemisinden inen subaylar bir kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in oradayd\u0131lar. Ama bu kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131 emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 bir kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, ba\u015fta Pontos olmak \u00fczere Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan geriye kalan topraklardaki Rumlardan kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131yd\u0131.\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n 19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Samsun\u2019a yana\u015fan Band\u0131rma gemisinden inen subaylar bir kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in oradayd\u0131lar. Ama bu kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131 emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 bir kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, ba\u015fta Pontos olmak \u00fczere Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan geriye kalan topraklardaki Rumlardan kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131yd\u0131. \u00a0Alman efendilerle birlikte girilen 1. Payla\u015f\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131 h\u00fcsranla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f, yenilmi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n Ama buna ra\u011fmen sava\u015f bahane edilerek Osmanl\u0131 co\u011frafyas\u0131ndaki Ermeni ve S\u00fcryanilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 katledilmi\u015f ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmi\u015fti. Bu arada Rumlar da K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya ve Trakya\u2019da s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlere tabi tutulmu\u015flard\u0131. 1916\u2019da ise Pontos\u2019ta yine sava\u015f bahane edilerek i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelere s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler organize edilmi\u015fti. Ancak Ermeni ve S\u00fcryanilere y\u00f6nelik s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve katliamlarla soyk\u0131r\u0131m s\u00fcreci hemen hemen tamamlan\u0131rken Rumlar hala sorun olarak \u00f6nlerindeydi.<\/p>\n Pontos\u2019ta Rumlar direniyordu. Rum k\u00f6ylerine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7ete sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir yandan Metropolitler halk\u0131 korumak ve katliamlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131yorken, halk da\u011flara s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmak zorunda kal\u0131yor, partizan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeleri kuruyordu.<\/p>\n Band\u0131rma gemisinden inen subaylar ilk i\u015f olarak Pontos\u2019taki \u00e7ete reisleri ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler. Ama\u00e7 bu co\u011frafyada Rumlardan geriye tek bir iz bile b\u0131rakmamakt\u0131. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011finden o g\u00fcne kadar J\u00f6n T\u00fcrklerin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u015fekillenen Hristiyan halklardan kurtulma plan\u0131 art\u0131k son a\u015famas\u0131na gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n 1.PAYLA\u015eIM SAVA\u015eI\u2019NIN GAL\u0130PLER\u0130 A\u00c7ISINDAN DURUM<\/strong> \u0130\u015fte bu durum sava\u015f\u0131n galipleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan geriye kalan topraklara ili\u015fkin yeni bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131 do\u011furmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Sevr\u2019deki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler ad\u0131m ad\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fecek ve J\u00f6n T\u00fcrklerin geride kalan son Hristiyan halk\u0131na; Rumlara y\u00f6nelik imha ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn politikalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131lacak ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olup olmamalar\u0131na bakarak yeni s\u00fcrecin \u015fekillenmesi belirlenecekti.<\/p>\n Bu arada sava\u015f\u0131n galibi \u0130ngilizlerin \u0130stanbul\u2019da, \u0130talyanlar\u0131n Antalya ve \u00e7evresinde, Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n ise Antep ve Mara\u015f\u2019ta askerlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sembolik olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde de\u011fildi. \u0130ngilizlerin, Osmanl\u0131 mahkemelerince Ermeni ve S\u00fcryanilere y\u00f6nelik s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve katliamlardan sorumlu bulunup cezaland\u0131r\u0131lan \u0130ttihat ve Terakkici kadrolar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tutuklamalar ve Frans\u0131zlar ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7meyen olaylar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 1.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n galibi devletlerle T\u00fcrk g\u00fc\u00e7leri aras\u0131nda bir sava\u015f ya\u015fanmaz. 100 y\u0131l boyunca propagandas\u0131 yap\u0131lan yedi d\u00fcvele kar\u015f\u0131 kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131 da koca bir yaland\u0131.<\/p>\n Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 diye anlat\u0131lan hik\u00e2yenin asl\u0131 Yunan ordusu ile ya\u015fanan iki cephe sava\u015f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn Pontos\u2019u kana boyayacak olan Pontoslu Rumlara y\u00f6nelik ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve katliamlard\u0131.<\/p>\n YUNAN ORDUSUNUN \u0130ZM\u0130R\u2019E \u00c7IKI\u015eI<\/strong> 30 Mart\u2019ta imzalanan Mondros M\u00fctarekesi\u2019ne g\u00f6re Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sava\u015f\u0131n ma\u011flubu olarak uymas\u0131 gereken kurallardan birisi silah b\u0131rakmak ve teslim olmak iken durum b\u00f6yle de\u011fildi. \u00d6zellikle \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019nin gizli \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekte ve \u00e7eteleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Rumlara y\u00f6nelik katliamlara devam etmekteydi. \u0130zmir ve \u00e7evresinde T\u00fcrk \u00e7eteler taraf\u0131ndan Rumlara y\u00f6nelik katliamlar gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilerek itilaf devletlerinin de onay\u0131 ile Yunan ordusu \u0130zmir\u2019e \u00e7\u0131karma yapt\u0131. Hi\u00e7bir direni\u015fle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmadan Afyon\u2019a kadar ilerledi.<\/p>\n Bu arada di\u011fer itilaf devletleri gibi Yunanistan\u2019da da siyasi bir kriz ya\u015fan\u0131yordu. Bir yanda Alman yanl\u0131s\u0131 Kral ile siyasi \u00e7eki\u015fme i\u00e7inde olan Venizelos, sava\u015f\u0131n Almanlar aleyhine sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131n\u0131 da f\u0131rsat bilip K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya maceras\u0131 ile bu \u00e7eki\u015fmenin de galibi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umuyordu.<\/p>\n \u00d6te yandan Pontos\u2019ta ya\u015fananlara dair metropolitlerin ve baz\u0131 siyasi liderlerin Paris Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131\u2019na yollad\u0131klar\u0131 bildiriler ciddiye al\u0131nm\u0131yordu. Bu konuda Venizelos da ayn\u0131 tutum i\u00e7indeydi, Pontos onun ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131tacak bir sorundu. \u0130ttifak g\u00fc\u00e7lerinden ve Yunanistan\u2019dan yard\u0131m bekleyen Pontos\u2019un metropolitleri ve umutland\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 halk b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n \u0130tilaf devletlerinin Yunan ordusunun K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019daki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na manevi (maddi de\u011fil) deste\u011fi 1921 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren sona erdi.<\/p>\n ANKARA MECL\u0130S\u0130 VE MERKEZ ORDUSU\u2019NUN KURULMASI<\/strong> Yeni \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak yasalarla kendileri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeleri yasaklayacak 1908\u2019den beri yapmay\u0131 planlad\u0131klar\u0131 her \u015feyi ad\u0131m ad\u0131m hayata ge\u00e7irmeye ba\u015flayacaklard\u0131. \u00d6nlerindeki en \u00f6nemli sorun ise Rumlard\u0131. O y\u0131llarda hem Kaz\u0131m Karabekir hem de \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn de dile getirdi\u011fi gibi tehlike \u0130ngilizler de\u011fil, i\u00e7erideki \u2018hainlerdi\u2019. Hatta Mustafa Kemal Pontoslu Rumlar\u0131 Yunan ordusundan daha tehlikeli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u201c\u2026d\u00e2hil\u00ee isyanlar\u0131 bast\u0131rmak, Yunan taarruzunu tevkif etmekten elbette daha m\u00fchimdir\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle ifade edecekti.<\/p>\n Y\u00fcz y\u0131ld\u0131r tarih kitaplar\u0131nda \u0130ngilizlerin \u0130stanbul\u2019u, \u0130talyanlar\u0131n Antalya ve \u00e7evresini, Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n Antep ve Mara\u015f \u00e7evresini i\u015fgal etti\u011fi ve Yunan ordusunun Afyon\u2019a kadar ilerledi\u011fi ve yedi d\u00fcvele kar\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l bir direni\u015f ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Aral\u0131k 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda BMM taraf\u0131ndan ilk d\u00fczenli ordu olan Merkez Ordusu kurulur. Ama bu ordunun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 i\u015fgal alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenen yerler de\u011fil, Pontos ve Sivas\u2019t\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu arada Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin tutuma da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi, Mustafa Kemal\u2019i antiemperyalist olarak de\u011ferlendirir. Lozan\u2019a kadar uzanacak olan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde en \u00f6nemli deste\u011fi Sovyetler Birli\u011fi verir.<\/p>\n Sovyet yetkililerin katil Topal Osman\u2019a yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 telgraflardan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re silah, cephane ve lojistik yard\u0131mlar ile Sovyetler Birli\u011fi soyk\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n Pontos\u2019taki faaliyetlerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Evet, 1914 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 1923 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Pontos\u2019ta 353 bin Pontoslu Rum katledilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019dan itibaren ise s\u00fcre\u00e7 soyk\u0131r\u0131ma evrilmi\u015f adeta geride Rumlardan iz b\u0131rak\u0131lmamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1920\u2019de Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 1921\u2019de ise Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f olan R\u0131za Nur ile Topal Osman aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en bir diyalogda, R\u0131za Nur Topal Osman\u2019a sorar, \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn binalar\u0131 y\u0131kt\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131?\u201d diye. Topal Osman ise \u201cSa\u011flam olanlar\u0131 kendimize ay\u0131rd\u0131k\u201d der. \u00a0R\u0131za Nur ise \u201cHay\u0131r hay\u0131r hepsini y\u0131k\u0131n, geride iz bile kalmas\u0131n\u201d der. \u0130\u015fte bu soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n itiraf\u0131d\u0131r. Ama\u00e7lar\u0131 geride Rumlardan iz b\u0131rakmamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. D\u00f6nemin konjonkt\u00fcrel \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re her \u00fclke, her \u00f6rg\u00fct kendi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 gere\u011fi olan bitene sessiz kalm\u0131\u015f ya da Kemalistleri desteklemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Y\u00fcz y\u0131ll\u0131k cumhuriyet tarihi bask\u0131, zul\u00fcm ve katliamlar tarihidir. Cumhuriyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da bu kanl\u0131 tarihin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 19 May\u0131s\u2019t\u0131r. 19 May\u0131s sadece Rumlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ifade etmiyor, ayn\u0131 zamanda y\u00fcz y\u0131l boyunca zul\u00fcm ve katliamlara u\u011fram\u0131\u015f her t\u00fcrl\u00fc antidemokratik uygulamaya ve asimilasyona maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Aleviler, K\u00fcrtler, Lazlar, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, yoksulla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kendisine \u201cT\u00fcrk\u00fcm\u201d diyenler de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm emek\u00e7iler ve tabi ki y\u00fcz y\u0131l boyunca modern, bat\u0131l\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131ktan asla \u00f6d\u00fcn vermeyen erkek egemen cumhuriyet sisteminin kad\u0131nlara reva g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc uygulamalar\u0131yla kad\u0131nlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da kara bir g\u00fcn\u00fc ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n Y\u00fcz y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fananlar\u0131 anlamazsak, olanlarla y\u00fczle\u015fmezsek, bu b\u00f6yle devam edecek.<\/p>\n TAMER \u00c7\u0130L\u0130NG\u0130R\u00a0 19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Samsun\u2019a yana\u015fan Band\u0131rma gemisinden inen subaylar bir kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in oradayd\u0131lar. Ama bu kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131 emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 bir kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, ba\u015fta Pontos olmak \u00fczere Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan geriye kalan topraklardaki Rumlardan kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131yd\u0131.\u00a0 19 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Samsun\u2019a yana\u015fan Band\u0131rma gemisinden inen subaylar bir kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in oradayd\u0131lar. Ama bu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":57397,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57396","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n
\n\u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve \u0130talya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sava\u015f\u0131n galibi olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen durum pek de i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildi. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bu \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclkede de y\u00f6netim krizi vard\u0131 ve halk sava\u015f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 kay\u0131p ve y\u0131k\u0131mlardan ho\u015fnut de\u011fildi. Bir kapitalist pazar payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olan bu sava\u015f esnas\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n alt\u0131da birinin bu pazar d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 bir geli\u015fme ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1917\u2019de Rusya\u2019da bir sosyalist devrim ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti. Rusya 1917\u2019de hem sava\u015f d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f hem de sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda emperyalist kapitalist cephenin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yeni bir kar\u015f\u0131 cephe ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n15 May\u0131s 1919 tarihinde Yunan Ordusu \u0130zmir\u2019deydi. Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n amac\u0131 Rumlara y\u00f6nelik ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen katliamlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek miydi?<\/p>\n
\n23 Nisan 1920\u2019de Ankara\u2019da BMM a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. J\u00f6n T\u00fcrk hareketi elbise de\u011fi\u015ftiriyordu.<\/p>\n
\nhttp:\/\/etha15.com\/haberdetay\/16-mayis-1919-kanli-bir-tarihin-baslangici-118616<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"