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24 Nisan 1915’te tutuklanan ve sonras\u0131nda katledilen Ermeni \u015fair Tanilen Varujan, \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dnda, temel \u00fcretim arac\u0131 olan topra\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6y ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 son derece ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131, canl\u0131 ve tutkulu bir dille \u015fiire d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f. \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d pek\u00e2la \u201ceme\u011fin \u015fiirleri\u201d, \u201chalk\u0131n ekme\u011fi\u201d gibi anlamlar \u00fcreterek de okunabiliyor…<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Enver Topalo\u011flu<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n Zaman\u0131n ac\u0131lara iyi geldi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenir ama\u2026 \u201cBaz\u0131 ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u201d, \u201cbaz\u0131 yaralar\u0131n\u201d kayna\u011f\u0131nda i\u015flenmi\u015f \u201cinsanl\u0131k su\u00e7u\u201d varsa ve hesab\u0131 sorulmam\u0131\u015fsa, y\u00fczle\u015fmek ve bar\u0131\u015fmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmam\u0131\u015fsa ac\u0131l\u0131, yasl\u0131, yaral\u0131 ma\u011fdur i\u00e7in ge\u00e7en zaman\u0131n hi\u00e7bir \u00f6nemi yoktur. O nedenle bu s\u00f6z, \u201cbaz\u0131 ac\u0131lar\u201d, \u201cbaz\u0131 yaralar\u201d i\u00e7in h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca yok say\u0131larak ne ac\u0131lar\u0131n unutuldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ne de yaralar\u0131n iyile\u015fti\u011fi\u2026<\/p>\n Aras Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ohannes \u015ea\u015fkal \u00e7evirisiyle Ermeni \u015fair Taniel Varujan\u2019\u0131n son \u015fiir kitab\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u015fiir okurlar\u0131yla bulu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede ilk kez yay\u0131mlanan kitab\u0131n, \u015fairin anadilinde ilk bask\u0131s\u0131 1921 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019da yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Kitab\u0131n 1921\u2019deki yay\u0131mlan\u0131\u015f\u0131 da 1915\u2019te hunharca katledilen \u015fairin ya\u015fam\u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemin ve sonras\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok sevilen Ermeni \u015fairlerinden biri olan Taniel Varujan, 20 Nisan 1884\u2019te Sivas\u2019\u0131n P\u0131rknik (\u015fimdiki ad\u0131yla Hafik) nahiyesi yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda \u00c7ayboyu k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011far. Varujan, \u00f6\u011frenimini \u0130stanbul\u2019da ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fehirlerde tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra, do\u011fdu\u011fu k\u00f6ye geri d\u00f6ner. Siyaset bilimi, edebiyat, felsefe ve ekonomi \u00f6\u011frenimi g\u00f6ren Taniel Varujan\u2019\u0131n, ilk \u015fiir kitab\u0131 \u201cSarsurner\u201d (\u00dcrperi\u015fler), 1906\u2019da Venedik\u2019te yay\u0131mlan\u0131r. \u0130kinci kitab\u0131 Paris\u2019te \u201c\u00c7art\u0131\u201d (K\u0131r\u0131m) ad\u0131yla 1908\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kar. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u201cTse\u011fin sirdi\u201d (Kavmin Y\u00fcre\u011fi) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 yay\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n Taniel Varujan, 1909\u2019la 1911 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Sivas\u2019ta 1911-1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda Tokat\u2019ta \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapar; 1912\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ve tutuklanaca\u011f\u0131 24 Nisan 1915 ak\u015fam\u0131na kadar burada ya\u015far.<\/p>\n Varujan hayattayken yay\u0131mlanan son kitab\u0131 1912\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kan \u201cHetanos yerker\u201d (Pagan \u015eark\u0131lar) olur. \u015eairin ya\u015fam\u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc ve \u015fiiriyle ilgili daha geni\u015f bilgi \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dn\u0131n giri\u015finde yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Ekme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131, Taniel Varujan, \u00e7ev: Ohannes \u015ea\u015fkal, 120 syf., Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, 2019.<\/p>\n \u015eiirleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7eviren Ohannes \u015ea\u015fkal \u201cMezars\u0131z Bir \u015eairin Ya\u015fam\u0131 Kutsayan Co\u015fkusu\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kitab\u0131n giri\u015findeki yaz\u0131s\u0131nda \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dn\u0131 ve \u015fairini anlat\u0131rken \u015funlar\u0131 dile getiriyor: \u201c24 Nisan 1915 gecesi Taniel Varujan, \u0130stanbul\u2019da, 235 ayd\u0131nla birlikte tutuklan\u0131p \u00f6l\u00fcm yolculu\u011funa g\u00f6nderilmeseydi e\u011fer, \u2018Ekme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u2019 muhtemelen, onun son kitab\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131.\u201d Ama galiba \u015ea\u015fkal\u2019\u0131n ifadesindeki \u201cmuhtemelen\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc fazla. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kitap da g\u00f6steriyor ki \u015fiir dili, tekni\u011fi bir hayli g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve \u015fiire son derece tutkuyla ba\u011fl\u0131 bir \u015fairin, hen\u00fcz 31 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiirler, \u201cba\u015f\u0131na bir i\u015f gelmedi\u011fi\u201d s\u00fcrece, son \u015fiirler olarak kalmaz.<\/p>\n Taniel Varujan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015f gelir\u201d. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin 1915\u2019te haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tutuklanacak Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 listesinde onun da ad\u0131 vard\u0131r. 24 Nisan 1915 ak\u015fam\u0131 tutuklan\u0131r. \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dn\u0131 olu\u015fturan \u015fiirlerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 defter de el konulan evrak\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Varujan, tutukland\u0131ktan d\u00f6rt ay sonra resmi g\u00f6revliler e\u015fli\u011finde \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131\u2019dan Aya\u015f\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken yolda, yan\u0131ndaki di\u011fer tutuklu Ermeni arkada\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte, (aralar\u0131nda bir ba\u015fka Ermeni \u015fair Rupen Sevag da vard\u0131r) d\u00f6rt ki\u015filik bir \u00e7etenin sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 sonucunda i\u015fkence edilerek katledilir.<\/p>\n Taniel Varujan\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131rken el konulan evrak\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dn\u0131 olu\u015fturan \u015fiirlerin bulundu\u011fu defterin, polisin elinden kurtar\u0131l\u0131p geri al\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Ohannes \u015ea\u015fkal \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor: \u201cEl konan \u2018Ekme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u2019 defteri, en nihayet 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u015fairin e\u015fi Araksi \u00c7ubukk\u00e2ryan\u2019\u0131n \u0131srarl\u0131 \u00e7abalar\u0131 sonucu, zor bela ve belli bir bedel kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, mucize kabilinden \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn kanl\u0131 ellerinden kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d \u015eairin ilham perisine seslendi\u011fi kitab\u0131n ilk \u015fiirinden ve ayn\u0131 zamanda kitab\u0131 ba\u015flatan \u015fiirden bir \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck okuyal\u0131m:<\/p>\n Bana \u00f6\u011fret! \u2013 Ta\u00e7land\u0131rs\u0131n lirimi ba\u015faklar Yay\u0131nevinin tan\u0131t\u0131m yaz\u0131s\u0131nda da belirtildi\u011fi gibi \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d ger\u00e7ekten de k\u00f6y ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 konu alan \u015fiirlerden olu\u015fan destans\u0131 bir eser. \u201cAnadolu\u2019da ya\u015fayan Ermeni \u00e7ift\u00e7iye, k\u00f6yl\u00fcye, ren\u00e7bere, sadece insana de\u011fil, hayvanlara, i\u015f aletlerine, bir \u00e7i\u011f damlas\u0131na dahi can ve ruh veren Varujan, hayat\u0131 her g\u00fcn yeniden yaratanlar\u0131n ve onlar\u0131n ya\u015fam kayna\u011f\u0131 ekme\u011fin \u015fark\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 s\u00f6ylenmemi\u015f ve daha sonra hi\u00e7 s\u00f6ylenmeyecek bir \u015fekilde\u201d dile getiriyor. Kitab\u0131n ikinci \u015fiiri ama \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d sanki as\u0131l \u201cTarlalar\u0131n \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131\u201dyla ba\u015fl\u0131yor gibi. Tarladan sofraya kadar olan \u00fcretim a\u015famalar\u0131 konu edilen ekme\u011fin, bir yandan \u015fark\u0131s\u0131 s\u00f6ylenirken bir yandan da zaman ak\u0131yor ve o ak\u0131\u015fa mevsimlerin de\u011fi\u015fimi e\u015flik ediyor. \u201cTarlalar\u0131n \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131\u201d kitapta ekme\u011fe do\u011fru ba\u015flayan yolculu\u011fun ayn\u0131 zamanda ilk ad\u0131m\u0131 gibi. \u015eiirden bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm aktaral\u0131m:<\/p>\n D\u00f6n\u00fcn koynumuza ey \u00e7ift\u00e7iler, Asl\u0131nda kitaba ve \u015fiirlere ili\u015fkin s\u00f6ylenecek hemen her \u015feyi \u015fiirlerin \u00e7evirmeni Ohannes \u015ea\u015fkal, \u00e7ok yerinde tespitlerle dile getiriyor. \u015ea\u015fkal\u2019a kulak verelim:<\/p>\n \u201cTaniel Varujan\u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, ideali, \u015fark\u0131s\u0131 hayat\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmaza girdi\u011fi yerde zuhur eden \u2018ya\u015fama g\u00fcc\u00fc\u2019yd\u00fc; s\u0131n\u0131fsal, toplumsal, etnik, (ulusal) bask\u0131 ve zul\u00fcmlerle bi\u00e7imlenen o insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7eklikten kopman\u0131n de\u011fil, onlara ra\u011fmen hayatta kalman\u0131n sanatsal ifadesiydi belki de\u201d. \u015ea\u015fkal\u2019\u0131n da belirtti\u011fi gibi Varujan, topra\u011f\u0131n, havan\u0131n, g\u00fcne\u015fin, ya\u011fmurun, suyun, tohumun, fidan\u0131n; tar\u0131m aletlerinin; \u00f6k\u00fcz\u00fcn, e\u015fe\u011fin, kurdun, ku\u015fun, y\u0131lan\u0131n, k\u00f6stebe\u011fin, b\u00f6rt\u00fc b\u00f6ce\u011fin; insan\u0131n; insan ve hayvan eme\u011finin; bar\u0131\u015f\u0131k, ahenkli\u011fi ve c\u00f6mert birlikteli\u011finin; velhas\u0131l topyek\u00fbn do\u011fan\u0131n ve al\u0131n terinin kirlenmemi\u015f, saf ve temiz \u015fark\u0131s\u0131n\u0131\u201d s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dnda. \u201cBir \u00c7ift \u00d6k\u00fcz\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiirden bir d\u00f6rtl\u00fck okuyal\u0131m:<\/p>\n Kuru otla besledim k\u0131\u015f\u0131n onlar\u0131 \u2013 Ekme\u011fin bir emek \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak adeta belgeselini yapar gibi yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fiirler yer al\u0131yor kitapta. Sofraya konulan ekme\u011fin \u00fcretilmesinde rol oynayan t\u00fcm \u00fcretici g\u00fc\u00e7ler ve hatta t\u00fcketici bile\u015fenlere \u015fiirlerde bir bi\u00e7imde yer veriliyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin ekme\u011fin \u00fcretiminde o d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in, saban ve saban s\u00fcrmek de bir \u00e7ift \u00f6k\u00fcz gibi son derece \u00f6nemlidir. \u201cSaban S\u00fcrme\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiirden iki d\u00f6rtl\u00fck okuyal\u0131m:<\/p>\n Da\u011f\u0131n ard\u0131nda hen\u00fcz \u00e7\u0131nlamadan k\u00f6y\u00fcn \u00e7an\u0131, Tam o anda, tarlan\u0131n ucuna vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, irkilip g\u00fc\u00e7 bela, Dinsel inan\u00e7lara g\u00f6re ekmek kutsald\u0131r. H\u0131ristiyan \u00f6\u011fretisinde ekme\u011fin kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131 bir yeri vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130sa \u201cEkmek benim bedenimdir\u201d demi\u015ftir. T\u0131pk\u0131 \u201c\u015earap benim kan\u0131md\u0131r\u201d dedi\u011fi gibi. Varujan, kutsal kabul edilen ekme\u011fi, bir de bu\u011fday tohumundan ekmek oluncaya kadarki a\u015famalarda harcanan emek ve \u00e7abaya, zorlu \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecine dikkat \u00e7ekerek kutsar. Aktaraca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dizeler \u201cTapan\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiirden:<\/p>\n Tapan, \u00e7ek, kabalar\u0131 d\u00fczelt, Tapan, geni\u015f\u00e7e yay kollar\u0131n\u0131, \u015eiirler son derece pastoraldir. \u015eair topra\u011fa inan\u0131r, ekme\u011fe inan\u0131r, \u015faraba inan\u0131r. \u015eair, insana inan\u0131r. A\u015fka inan\u0131r. D\u00fcnyaya romantizmin y\u00fcceltici, kutsay\u0131c\u0131, co\u015fkulu ve hayat\u0131 idealize eden penceresinden bakar. Ama ayr\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131, ya\u015fant\u0131y\u0131, t\u00fcm canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla da dile getirir. G\u00f6zlem g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla birlikte \u015fiire ta\u015f\u0131r. Okuyaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z betikler \u201cBu\u011fday Denizleri\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiirden:<\/p>\n R\u00fczg\u00e2rlar ge\u00e7er- R\u00fczg\u00e2rlar ge\u00e7er- \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d asl\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca ekme\u011fin \u015fark\u0131s\u0131n s\u00f6ylemekle kalmaz. \u00d6rne\u011fin Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n Anadolu\u2019da \u00e7ok eski ve k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir halk oldu\u011funu, topra\u011fa kuvvetle ba\u011fl\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 da yans\u0131t\u0131r. \u015eair buradayd\u0131k demiyor. Buraday\u0131z diyor. Burada, bu kara topra\u011f\u0131n ba\u011fr\u0131nda, y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l kara saban\u0131m\u0131zla, tohumlar\u0131m\u0131zla, al\u0131n terimizle, a\u015fk\u0131m\u0131zla ekmek yapt\u0131k ve var olduk diyor. Toprak ve ekmek de bu izlerin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6steriliyor. \u015eiirleri okurken \u015fairin, toprak ayn\u0131 zamanda hat\u0131ralar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sand\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r ve bizi h\u00e2l\u00e2 ya\u015fatmaktad\u0131r dedi\u011fini de duyar gibi oluyoruz. Ezgiler i\u00e7inde ferah ferah sapa kalkar c\u00fcmle ba\u015faklar Kitapta yer alan ve beyit bi\u00e7iminde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir di\u011fer \u015fiir olan \u201cHasat\u201d, nispeten daha uzun. Ondan da birka\u00e7 beyit aktaral\u0131m:<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fte t\u0131rpanlar, kama\u015f\u0131r a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131nda azg\u0131n par\u0131lt\u0131, (\u2026)<\/p>\n Kimi ren\u00e7ber a\u011fz\u0131na dayay\u0131p testiyi, ba\u015f\u0131 G\u00fcne\u015fe do\u011fru Tarlalar\u0131n s\u00fck\u00fbnetinde, bir \u00e7\u0131r\u00e7\u0131r b\u00f6ce\u011fi \u2013 mahmur, \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d ayn\u0131 zamanda yabanc\u0131la\u015fma kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 \u015fiirler toplam\u0131 olarak da okunabiliyor. \u015eiirlerde hen\u00fcz \u00fcreticinin eme\u011fine yabanc\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketim s\u00fcreci dile getiriliyor. \u201cKutsal Demet\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiir hasat ayininden bir kesit sunar. \u015eiirin al\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki \u201cMeryem Ana sofras\u0131na\u201d ibaresi de bunu g\u00f6sterir:<\/p>\n T\u0131rpan\u0131m\u0131n alt\u0131nda ba\u015flar\u0131 hala \u00e7iyli, Yaral\u0131 O\u011flunun hac\u0131n\u0131 alarak \u00f6rnek Umutlar\u0131mla \u00f6rd\u00fcm ben, arzular\u0131mla \u00f6rd\u00fcm, \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dnda, modernite \u00f6ncesinde nas\u0131l bir geleneksel hayat oldu\u011funu ve o hayat\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00f6ylerde s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de okuyoruz\u2026 Kuramsal bir metnin sayfalarca s\u00fcren a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6ye, k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe ait geleneksel \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerini, toplumsal yap\u0131y\u0131 \u015fair, \u015fiirin sihirli diliyle \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dnda birka\u00e7 dizede ya da betikte dile getiriyor. \u201cHarman Yeri\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fiirden iki betik payla\u015fal\u0131m:<\/p>\n Ren\u00e7berlerin \u015fark\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylerim, ko\u015fmu\u015f Ah ne ho\u015f \u015fey, kar\u0131\u015fmak benli\u011finle, \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dnda, bir zamanlar kendi ekme\u011fini kendisi \u00fcreten k\u00f6ye, geleneksel ya\u015fant\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeki toplumsal yap\u0131ya ve o ortamda hen\u00fcz varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f bireyin konumuna da i\u015faret eden, ideallerin, arzular\u0131n sergilendi\u011fi, d\u00fc\u015flerin, imgelerin, benzetmelerin, mecazlar\u0131n tutkulu bah\u00e7esinde \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f dizeler \u015fiirler okuyoruz. Al\u0131nt\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z betikler \u201cG\u00fcn Ortas\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 \u015fiirden:<\/p>\n Bu o vakittir harman yerinde durdu\u011funda \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Zaman\u0131n y\u00fcre\u011fi k\u0131s\u0131l\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015f ate\u015ften bir a\u011fa Ormanlar uykuda da\u011f\u0131n esmer yama\u00e7lar\u0131nda, \u015eair Varujan, bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015f, geride kalm\u0131\u015f bir hayat tarz\u0131n\u0131 sorunsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor ve dile getiriyor olsa da \u015fiirlerin, g\u00fcncelle bir ba\u011f olu\u015fturdu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fairin dilinin, \u015fiirinin, meselesinin oda\u011f\u0131nda olan ekmek h\u00e2l\u00e2 en \u00f6nemli yiyecek ve ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00fcncel bir sorun.<\/p>\n \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d, yay\u0131mlanan haliyle bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck olu\u015fturuyor ama \u00e7evirmeninden \u00f6\u011freniyoruz ki asl\u0131nda kitap \u015fairin tasarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bi\u00e7ime g\u00f6re eksik. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fairin plan\u0131nda birka\u00e7 tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 \u015fiir daha yer almaktad\u0131r. Ancak Taniel Varujan\u2019\u0131n 24 Nisan 1915 ak\u015fam\u0131 ba\u015flayan g\u00f6zalt\u0131ndan tutuklulu\u011fa, tutukluluktan s\u00fcrg\u00fcne, sonunda hunharca katledili\u015fine uzanan \u00e7ileli ve kah\u0131r dolu yolculu\u011fu, \u015fairin hunharca katledilmesiyle son bulunca, taslakta yer alan \u201cUn\u201d, \u201cAh\u0131r\u201d, \u201cMaya\u201d, \u201cF\u0131r\u0131n\u201d, \u201cMemleket Sofras\u0131\u201d, \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d da birer \u015fiir ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u015eiirler s\u00f6yledikleri kadar s\u00f6ylemediklerine de i\u015faret eden bir dil hareketidir. Okuyucunun dikkatini ifade edilene oldu\u011fu kadar sessizlikte, bo\u015flukta, yoklukta olana, s\u00f6ylenmemi\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131lana, ifade edilemeyene de \u00e7eker\u2026 Yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sayfada kalan bo\u015fluklar, dizeden dizeye, betikten beti\u011fe, b\u00f6l\u00fcmden b\u00f6l\u00fcme ge\u00e7erken olu\u015fan aral\u0131klar gibi basit bi\u00e7imsellikler dahi \u015fiirin bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. O nedenle \u015fairin plan\u0131nda yer alan, ama yaz\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f \u015fiirler de okurun duygusunda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde, imgeleminde tamamlanmaya a\u00e7\u0131k duruyor\u2026<\/p>\n Modern T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u015fiirde, ekme\u011fin \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecini sorunsalla\u015ft\u0131ran bu \u00f6l\u00e7ekte bir yap\u0131t, b\u00f6ylesine kapsaml\u0131 bir ekmek destan\u0131, bildi\u011fimiz kadar\u0131yla yok. N\u00fcfusun birka\u00e7 ku\u015fak \u00f6ncesine kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve k\u0131rda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d daha da bir anlam kazan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Tanilen Varujan, \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dnda, temel \u00fcretim arac\u0131 olan topra\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6y ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 son derece ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131, canl\u0131 ve tutkulu bir dille \u015fiire d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f. \u015eiir okuru olsun olmas\u0131n herkese \u00f6nerilebilece\u011fimiz kitapla ilgili son s\u00f6z yerine, ey okur diye seslenerek \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dn\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok neden var dersek san\u0131yoruz ki mesaj yerine ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n Enver Topalo\u011flu kimdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n \u015eair. \u0130lk, orta ve liseyi Ordu\u2019da okudu. Marmara \u00dcniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nde T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 okudu. Kendi iste\u011fiyle bitirmeden ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Cumhuriyet gazetesinde d\u00fczeltmen olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. S\u00fcrekli bas\u0131n kart\u0131 sahibi. \u015eiirlerini 1990\u2019dan itibaren Defter ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Varl\u0131k, G\u00f6steri, Yasak Meyve, No, Evrensel K\u00fclt\u00fcr, Duvar gibi dergilerde yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Bug\u00fcne kadar yay\u0131mlanan \u015fiir kitaplar\u0131; Yakamoz ve Tebess\u00fcm (e yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1993), Kristal Kral (Noyirmiyedi yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1997), Divane (\u015eiirden, 2006), A\u015fk Kay\u0131tlar\u0131 (Yitik \u00dclke yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2013).<\/em><\/p>\n
\nT\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak yay\u0131mlanan \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201dnda yirmi dokuz \u015fiir yer al\u0131yor. Kitab\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n da ifade etti\u011fi gibi ger\u00e7ekten de ekme\u011fin, ekmek olma s\u00fcrecinin \u015fark\u0131s\u0131 diyebiliriz \u015fiirler i\u00e7in. \u015eiirlerin T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evirisini yapan Ohannes \u015ea\u015fkal, \u201c\u015fiirsel de\u011ferleriyle oldu\u011fu kadar yok olu\u015fun e\u015fi\u011finden hayata d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn, bir \u2018yeniden do\u011fu\u015f\u2019un simgesel ifadesi olarak da ayr\u0131ca k\u0131ymetlidir\u201d diyor \u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n
\nDe\u011fil mi ki \u015fimdi, harman yerinde, serin g\u00f6lgesinde s\u00f6\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcn
\nOtururum i\u015fte ve ezgilerim can bulmaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n
\nZaten nisan kokuyor sabahlar.
\n\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f buzdan dereler \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ldar,
\nS\u0131cak ba\u011fr\u0131m\u0131zda \u015fimdiden a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 nergis.<\/p>\n
\nSanki mabedin semiz putlar\u0131.
\nYalar b\u00f6\u011f\u00fcrlerini y\u0131lan misali
\nTaranm\u0131\u015f k\u0131ll\u0131 kuyruklar\u0131.<\/p>\n
\nTamamen alacakaranl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fclecek tepenin yamac\u0131.
\nVe geni\u015f agoslar s\u0131ra s\u0131ra erecek tamama,
\n\u00d6k\u00fczlerin salyas\u0131yla ve ak\u015fam\u0131n kutsanm\u0131\u015f bu\u011fusuyla\u2026<\/p>\n
\nBirden topra\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7inde dile gelir \u00e7amurlu saban: Ku\u015fkusuz
\nYorgun \u00e7ift\u00e7i \u015f\u00f6yle ge\u00e7irecek akl\u0131ndan \u2013yar\u0131n\u0131n hasad\u0131 ad\u0131na-
\nHerhal, alt\u0131n dolu bir k\u00fcp tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f saban demirine, o dakka!<\/p>\n
\nTaneleri topra\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fcver.
\nBu\u011fday alt\u0131nd\u0131r, tohumsa yakut,
\nNemli topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa e\u011fer.<\/p>\n
\nBereketli topraklar\u0131 kucaklay\u0131ver.
\nBug\u00fcn\u00fcn tohumu: yar\u0131n\u0131n hasad\u0131,
\nKese\u011fin alt\u0131nda yiterse e\u011fer.<\/p>\n
\nVe efil efil uyan\u0131r bu\u011fdaylarm
\nSonu gelmez bir titre\u015fim bo\u015fan\u0131r derinlerinden.
\nTepenin o yemye\u015fil eteklerinden,
\nDenizler ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
\nKanm\u0131\u015f suya; \u00f6yle f\u0131\u015fk\u0131r\u0131r, kudurur ki ova
\nBo\u011facak olur otlayan deveyi orac\u0131kta.
\n\u00c7alkalan vadinin kuca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ra
\nDenizler ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
\n\u015eiirlerin bi\u00e7imsel \u00f6zelli\u011fi genelde d\u00f6rtl\u00fck d\u00fczeninde, ancak kitapta iki \u015fiir bi\u00e7imsel y\u00f6nden farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla da dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Bu iki \u015fiirden biri \u201cK\u0131r Bek\u00e7isi\u201d; dokuz beyitten olu\u015fuyor. Sunaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z beyit pastoral \u015fiirin t\u00fcm \u00f6zelliklerini yans\u0131tan bu \u015fiirden:<\/p>\n
\nO gazaba gelir fakat, onlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kertip incitecek olursa r\u00fczg\u00e2r.<\/p>\n
\nG\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f bat\u0131p bu\u011fdaylar\u0131n i\u00e7ine, alt\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar d\u0131\u015far\u0131<\/p>\n
\nL\u0131k\u0131r l\u0131k\u0131r i\u00e7er, doyas\u0131ya; gelinin p\u0131nardan getirdi\u011fi suyu<\/p>\n
\nY\u0131ld\u0131z kapl\u0131 Sonsuzlu\u011fu \u015fark\u0131s\u0131yla doldurur.<\/p>\n
\nAh, d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcler, aydan bi\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131n gibi,
\nHi\u00e7bir tarlaku\u015fu gagalay\u0131p bozmam\u0131\u015f,
\nDizili taneler, eksiksiz inci gibi<\/p>\n
\nBen \u00f6rd\u00fcm onlar\u0131 ilmek ilmek,
\nKi ate\u015ften kutsal kan\u0131n\u0131 onun
\nHer paskalya agoslar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7ecek.<\/p>\n
\nOnlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde tarlan\u0131n \u00f6zsuyu, g\u00fcne\u015fin ate\u015fi,
\nSaban demirinin \u015favk\u0131, kolumun eril g\u00fcc\u00fc; dahas\u0131
\nOnlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde torunlar\u0131m\u0131n yakar\u0131s\u0131.<\/p>\n
\nLo\u011f ta\u015f\u0131na kendini,
\nD\u00fczle\u015ftirir harman yerini,
\nTer i\u00e7inde kalana dek y\u0131rt\u0131k g\u00f6mle\u011fi.<\/p>\n
\nO kutsal eme\u011fe
\nBulanmak \u00e7ar\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sa\u00e7\u0131na dek
\nSar\u0131 saman \u00e7\u00f6plerine.<\/p>\n
\nG\u00fcne\u015f alt\u0131nda soluk solu\u011fa\u2026
\nB\u00fct\u00fcn ren\u00e7berler uykuda.
\nHapsolmu\u015f serin meltem
\nUzak ma\u011farada can verir h\u0131\u00e7k\u0131ra h\u0131\u00e7k\u0131ra.<\/p>\n
\nMecali yok \u00e7arpmaya.
\nPar\u0131ldayan sessizlikte
\nO ne i\u00e7 \u00e7eki\u015fler \u00f6yle, o ne r\u00fcya.
\nYa o kokular, sabah derilen kam\u0131\u015flardan yay\u0131l\u0131r h\u00e2l\u00e2<\/p>\n
\nG\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f \u00f6rt\u00fc alt\u0131nda.
\nS\u00fct beyaz bir bulut s\u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcr gider
\nMavilikler i\u00e7inde, bir ba\u015f\u0131na,
\nYumu\u015fak y\u00fcn tutamlar b\u0131rakarak kayan\u0131n doru\u011funda.<\/p>\n
\n\u201cEkme\u011fin \u015eark\u0131s\u0131\u201d pek\u00e2la \u201ceme\u011fin \u015fiirleri\u201d, \u201chalk\u0131n ekme\u011fi\u201d gibi anlamlar \u00fcreterek de okunabiliyor\u2026<\/p>\n