Yak\u0131n zamana kadar Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n, Karadeniz Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131 nezdindeki T\u00fcrkiye temsilcisi olan Prof. Dr. Arsen Avagyan sadece bir diplomat de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda verimli bir akademisyen. Avagyan\u2019\u0131n Gaidz Minassian ile birlikte kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cErmeniler ve \u0130ttihat Terakki\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 daha \u00f6nce Aras Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Avagyan \u015fimdi yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile T\u00fcrkiyeli okurlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda. \u201cKaranl\u0131kta Kalm\u0131\u015f Bir Eylemci: \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 Kom\u00fcnist Salih Zeki (Ku\u015farkov)\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, T\u00dcSTAV Sosyal Tarih Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nland\u0131. Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6zellikle Deyr-i Zor mutasarr\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde k\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 bir rol \u00fcstlenen Salih Zeki\u2019nin daha sonra Bak\u00fc\u2019de TKP\u2019nin kurulu\u015funda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynamas\u0131 ve onun t\u00fcm hayat hikayesi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yak\u0131n tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da ilgin\u00e7 ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar i\u00e7eriyor.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\nBelgelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra geni\u015f bir bibliyografya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Arsen Avagyan\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6nderme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir dizi Ermenice kaynak hakk\u0131nda da T\u00fcrkiyeli okur ilk kez bilgi sahibi oluyor. Kitapta Salih Zeki\u2019nin 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mustafa Suphi ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak yay\u0131nlanmayan makalesi de yer al\u0131yor. Avagyan ile \u00e7ok ses getirece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda konu\u015ftuk.<\/p>\n
Sizi Salih Zeki \u00fczerine bir kitap yazmaya sevkeden sebepler neydi? Bu alanda nas\u0131l bir eksiklik g\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fcz?<\/strong>
\nSalih Zeki, 1915-16 y\u0131llar\u0131nda\u00a0 Kayseri Everek\u2019te kaymakam ve Deyr-\u00fcl Zor mutasarr\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 makamlar\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fkencenler, cinayetler ve zul\u00fcmler nedeniyle Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 tarihine \u201cCanavar Zeki\u201d olarak ge\u00e7ti. Ben 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermeniceye \u00e7evirip, izahlar ve yorumlar\u0131 ekleyerek Hasan Amca\u2019n\u0131n (\u00c7erkes Hasan) \u201cTehcirin \u0130\u00e7 Y\u00fcz\u00fc\u201d an\u0131 ve \u201cPeki, y\u00fczbinlerce Ermeniyi kim \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc?\u201d makalesini bir kitap\u00e7\u0131kta Erivan\u2019da yay\u0131nlad\u0131m. Hasan Amca Suriye\u2019deki toplama kamplar\u0131nda 25.000 kadar Ermeni kurtard\u0131 ve 1961 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019da onun cenazesine o d\u00f6nemdeki Ermeni Patri\u011fi \u015enork Kalustyan da kat\u0131ld\u0131. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm ki Salih Zeki hakk\u0131nda da bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131p ikisini k\u0131yaslamak fena olmaz. Hem de bir ba\u015fl\u0131k da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm \u201cErmeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131mda \u0130ki \u00c7erkes\u201d. Birisi Ermenileri kurtarm\u0131\u015f, di\u011feri de yakla\u015f\u0131k 200. 000 Ermeni imha etmi\u015f. Salih Zeki hakk\u0131nda bilgiler toplamaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m zaman zannettim ki kolay olacak \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o d\u00f6nemindeki Ermeni, T\u00fcrk, yabanc\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklarda, an\u0131larda ve hat\u0131ralarda Zeki\u2019nin ad\u0131 ge\u00e7iyor. Fakat ya\u015fam\u0131 ve faaliyetleriyle ilgili o denli \u00e7eli\u015fkili ve birbirini \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcten bilgiler var ki, bunlar\u0131n Salih Zeki adl\u0131 farkl\u0131 ki\u015filere ait oldu\u011fu izlenimi dahi uyanabilir. \u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta Salih Zeki ac\u0131mas\u0131z bir eylemci, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 emirleri yerine getirmek i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc y\u00f6ntemi uygulamaktan \u00e7ekinmeyen hiyerar\u015fide y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde bir Osmanl\u0131 b\u00fcrokrat\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fczeysel bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 d\u00f6neminde karanl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p insanlar\u0131 topluca yok etmek i\u00e7in en barbar y\u00f6ntemler kullanan bir mutasarr\u0131f, sonraki y\u0131llar\u0131nda Bak\u00fc\u2019de TKP\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131nda yer alan\u00a0ve sonra yine de karanl\u0131kta saklanan bir eylemci. Fakat ara\u015ft\u0131rma zaman\u0131nda \u00e7ok enteresan ve beklenmeyen bilgiler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Anlad\u0131m ki Salih Zeki s\u0131radan bir eylemci de\u011fil ve onun faaliyetleri Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 d\u00f6nemi ile k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131yor. Aksine onun \u201cy\u0131ld\u0131z d\u00f6nemi\u201d sonraki 1919-1922 y\u0131llar\u0131na denk geliyor. G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm eksik \u015fu ki bug\u00fcne kadar bu d\u00f6nem ile o kadar ilgili bir eylemci hakk\u0131nda bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma veya makale bile yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklarda olan bilgiler de birbirine uymuyor ve farkl\u0131. En basit \u00f6rnek: Salih Zeki\u2019nin do\u011fum, \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihi hakk\u0131nda farkl\u0131 zamanlar g\u00f6steren kaynaklar var. Ba\u015fka bir problem onun ger\u00e7ek soyad\u0131 ve ona yans\u0131t\u0131lan \u201cZor\u201d soyad\u0131 oldu. T\u00fcrk tarih\u00e7iler, (Mete Tuncay ve Erden Akbulut hari\u00e7), Deyr-i Zor mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 olmas\u0131 sebebi ile Salih Zeki \u201cZor\u201d soyad\u0131 ald\u0131 diye yazmaktad\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda o hi\u00e7 bir zaman \u201cZor\u201d soyad\u0131 kullanmam\u0131\u015f, atalar\u0131n\u0131n soyad\u0131na \u201cKu\u015farkzade-Ku\u015farkov\u201d d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f, Moskova\u2019da Do\u011fu Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’ndeki k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zaman\u0131nda \u201c\u0130smaylov\u201d (Baba ad\u0131 \u0130smail\u2019e aften) ikinci soyad\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131. Bir de Moskova ve Tiflis\u2019teki \u00e7e\u015fitli gazetelerde yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 makaleleri \u201cSinza\u201d edebiyat takma ad\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015f. Salih Zeki\u2019nin hakk\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde hem Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, hem TKP kuruculu\u011fu, hem Bak\u00fc\u2019deki T\u00fcrk kom\u00fcnistler ve Kemalistler aras\u0131nda kurulan ba\u011flarda onun ve onun gibi \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 tabanl\u0131 kom\u00fcnistlerin rol\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00a0tarafs\u0131z de\u011ferlendirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\nRus\u00e7a ar\u015fivlerden faydaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Size yeni bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131 m\u0131 bu ar\u015fivler?\u00a0<\/strong>
\nKu\u015fkusuz. Bunlardan birisi Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n Sovyetle\u015ftirilmesinde T\u00fcrk kom\u00fcnistlerin yeri ve oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7ek rol hakk\u0131nda yeni belgelerdir. Bol\u015fevikler ve Kemalistler aras\u0131nda ba\u011flar kurulmas\u0131, Bak\u00fc\u2019deki TKP vas\u0131tas\u0131yla Kemalistlere teklif edilen ve g\u00f6nderilen yard\u0131m meselesine dair yeni ve yay\u0131nlanmayan belgeler mevcuttur. Ve \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli konular hakk\u0131nda\u00a0Rusya\u2019daki ar\u015fivlerde olan belgeler yeni bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutuyor. Bunlardan biri Suphiler (Mustafa Suphi ve arkada\u015flar\u0131) konusudur. 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda Salih Zeki \u201cSuphi Yolda\u015f ve 16 \u015eehitler\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir makale yazd\u0131, ama bu makalesi yay\u0131nlanmad\u0131 ve RGASPI ar\u015fivinde (Rusya Devlet Siyas\u00ee ve Sosyal Tarih Ar\u015fivi) kald\u0131. \u0130lk olarak benim kitap\u00e7\u0131kta bir ek olarak g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bakarsan\u0131z o makalede M. Suphi\u2019nin ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi hakk\u0131nda farkl\u0131 ve bug\u00fcne kadar bilinmeyen ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar veriyor.
\nRusya\u2019daki ar\u015fivlerden belgeler\u00a0toplama d\u00f6neminde enteresan bir olay ya\u015fad\u0131m. RGASPI ar\u015fivinde fon 495\u2019de \u201cSalih Zeki\u201d ad\u0131yla 266 numaral\u0131 dosya var ve orada Salih Zeki ad\u0131yla \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda belgeler toplam\u0131\u015f, bir de yine T\u00fcrk kom\u00fcnist Salih Hac\u0131o\u011flu\u2019nun evraklar\u0131 ayn\u0131 dosyada. Salih Zeki\u2019nin resmini istedim ve bana iki defa Salih Hac\u0131o\u011flu\u2019nun s\u00fcrg\u00fcn y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki resmini g\u00f6nderdiler. Resmin alt\u0131nda da Osmanl\u0131ca \u201cSalih Hac\u0131o\u011flu\u201d yaz\u0131yor, ama belki ar\u015fivde Osmanl\u0131ca bilen bir eleman yoktu. Sonra ger\u00e7ek Salih Zeki Ku\u015farkov\u2019un resmi o ar\u015fivdeki ba\u015fka bir dosyada buldum, hem de resmin alt\u0131nda Rus\u00e7a \u201cSalih Zeki Ku\u015farkov\u201d yazmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\nSalih Zeki’nin o d\u00f6nemde \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n kontrol\u00fcnde olan devlet hiyerar\u015fisinde y\u00fckselmesini sa\u011flayan ne idi? \u0130ttihat Terakki Cemiyeti i\u00e7inde Talat Pa\u015fa grubunun g\u00fcvenini kazanmas\u0131 m\u0131 ona bu yolu a\u00e7\u0131yor?<\/strong>
\nBaz\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re Salih Zeki, o zamanki deyimle \u201cKara Kemal\u2019\u0131n adam\u0131\u201d idi. Bir de Kara Kemal ile ba\u011fl\u0131 Parvus, Rakovski, C. Korkmazov grubu ile Salih Zeki\u2019nin ili\u015fkileri varm\u0131\u015f. O d\u00f6nemde Salih Zeki Ermeni mebuslar ve siyasi isimler ile de ili\u015fki kurmu\u015f. Fakat, bence, Talat Pa\u015fa grubundaki adamlar Salih Zeki\u2019yi ilk \u00f6nce onun yetenekleri ve karanl\u0131k biri oldu\u011funu i\u00e7in desteklediler ve kulland\u0131lar. Bir de \u015funu s\u00f6ylemek istiyorum.\u00a0 Asl\u0131nda \u201cKaranl\u0131kta kalan bir eylemci: \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 Kom\u00fcnist Salih Zeki (Ku\u015farkov)\u201du bir bilimsel makale olarak yazd\u0131m ve o bu t\u00fcr bilimsel makalelerin koleksiyon kitab\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanacak. Arkada\u015f\u0131m Erden Akbulut\u2019un teklifi ve sayesinde, ki ona bunun i\u00e7in \u00e7ok minnettar\u0131m, ayr\u0131 bir kitap\u00e7\u0131k olarak yay\u0131nland\u0131. Ben \u015fimdi Salih Zeki hakk\u0131nda daha kapsaml\u0131 bilimsel bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum ve yak\u0131nda sona eren kitab\u0131mda yukar\u0131 bahsetti\u011fim konular \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fcvenilir kaynaklara dayan\u0131larak daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 izah edilmektedir.<\/p>\nSalih Zeki ilk olarak Kayseri Everek’te Ermenilere yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zul\u00fcm ile an\u0131l\u0131yor. Daha sonra Deyr-i Zor mutasarr\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na atan\u0131yor. Bundaki sebep \u00f6nceki mutasarr\u0131f\u0131n Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 “yeterince” sert olmamas\u0131. Ve Salih Zeki ger\u00e7ekten de kendi \u00e7ap\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m uyguluyor, 60.000 ila 200.000 aras\u0131nda Ermeni’nin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden sorumlu tutuluyor. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131nda da zaten g\u0131yab\u0131nda idama mahkum ediliyor. Onu bu derece gaddar davranmaya iten sebepler sizce nedir? Hastal\u0131kl\u0131 bir ki\u015fili\u011fi mi var yoksa Hannah Arent’in “K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn S\u0131radanl\u0131\u011f\u0131”\u00a0kitab\u0131nda Eichmann’dan bahsetti\u011fi gibi basit\u00e7e “i\u015fini” mi yap\u0131yor?\u00a0<\/strong>
\nErmeni tan\u0131klara g\u00f6re Salih Zeki \u015fahsen i\u015fkenceler yapmaktan, bir de idamlar\u0131 seyretmekten zevk al\u0131yordu. Hem de Ermeni milletinin d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 oldu\u011funu kendisi izah ediyordu.\u00a0 \u00c7e\u015fitli kaynaklar\u0131 inceledikten sonra bana Salih Zeki hastal\u0131kl\u0131 bir ki\u015fi gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmedi, belki zul\u00fcmler, idamlardan zevk al\u0131rd\u0131, ama daha\u00a0\u00e7ok so\u011fukkanl\u0131, sert y\u00f6ntemler kullanarak katliam yapmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmayan bir eylemci, hedefe ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in her \u015feye haz\u0131r bir siyaset\u00e7i g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde. Kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kim olursa olsun, kendi milletinin insanlar\u0131 da dahil. 1920\u2019de Bak\u00fc\u2019de T\u00fcrk harp esirlerinin kur\u015funa dizilmesinde aktif rol ald\u0131 ve Tiflis\u2019ten Kafkas b\u00f6lgesinin sorumlusu S. Orjonikidze\u2019ye g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi 15 Ekim 1922 tarihli raporda bu katliam\u0131 gerekli ve hakl\u0131 g\u00f6stererek, imha edilen askerleri de \u201c\u2026 Sovyetlere kar\u015f\u0131 sald\u0131rgan duygular besleyen esir T\u00fcrkler\u201d olarak niteledi.<\/p>\n1916-1919 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Salih Zeki bir t\u00fcr gizli bir hayat ya\u015f\u0131yor. Kimi yorumlara g\u00f6re Ermenilere yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcmdeki rol\u00fc nedeniyle bir t\u00fcr pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ya\u015f\u0131yor. Siz sonraki y\u0131llar\u0131nda bu t\u00fcr bir pi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n izlerini g\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc?<\/strong>
\n1933\u2019te kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa otobiyografisinde Salih Zeki kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131 iki d\u00f6neme ay\u0131r\u0131yor ve yaz\u0131yor: \u201cBenim hayat\u0131m iki d\u00f6nemlidir. Birinci d\u00f6nem 1916\u2019da bitiyor, ikinci d\u00f6nem 1919\u2019da ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Aradaki zaman ge\u00e7ici bir s\u00fcreden ibaret. Birinci d\u00f6nemde kendimi hi\u00e7 de iyi hissetmiyorum, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc burjuvaziye hizmet ettim. \u0130kinci d\u00f6nemde kendimi \u00e7ok iyi hissediyorum, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc proletaryaya hizmet veriyorum\u201d. Osmanl\u0131 Meclisi\u2019nin \u0130zmir ve Ayd\u0131n mebusu (1912-1919) Emmanuil Emmanuilidis an\u0131lar\u0131nda bahsediyor, diyor ki 1917 y\u0131l\u0131nda Beyo\u011flu\u2019da Salih Zeki ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve Salih Zeki ona \u201c60.000 Ermeni\u2019yi katledip \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 canl\u0131 canl\u0131 g\u00f6md\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7ok ender \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, insan y\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rmek istemedi\u011fini, ad\u0131n\u0131n Zeki oldu\u011funu ve intihar etmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d s\u00f6ylemi\u015f. K\u0131sa otobiyografisinde Salih Zeki Ermeni tehcirini anlat\u0131rken \u201cher yerde, her tarafta cinayetler i\u015fleniyor, kanl\u0131 olaylar oluyordu. Bu arada belirtmeliyim ki, o zamanlar askerlerin diktatoras\u0131 \u00f6ylesine g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcydu ki, sivil makamlar hi\u00e7e say\u0131l\u0131yordu. Buna ra\u011fmen ben bir mutassarr\u0131f olarak bu i\u011fren\u00e7 i\u015ften kendimi de su\u00e7lu buluyorum\u201d yazmaktad\u0131r. Bak\u00fc, Tiflis, Moskova\u2019da yasad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda birka\u00e7 biyografik ankette pi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 izah ediyordu. Fakat, derin ve samimi bir pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duygular\u0131 hissetmesi hakk\u0131nda bug\u00fcne kadar inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kan\u0131tlara rastlamad\u0131m. Bana g\u00f6re onun pi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 biraz farkl\u0131ym\u0131\u015f, yani yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 cinayetler, insanlar\u0131 toplu yok etmesi genel olarak i\u015fe yaramam\u0131\u015f, \u00e7abalar bo\u015fa gitmi\u015f. \u0130mparatorluk ve devlet ellerinden gitti ve kendisi de memleketi terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131. Bir nevi Kemal Tahir\u2019in \u201cKurt Kanunu\u201d roman\u0131ndaki Kara Kemal\u2019in itiraflar\u0131na ve \u201cpi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u201d benzer bir duygu, \u201cBu koca imparatorluk bizim elimizde \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u201d gibi.<\/p>\nSoyk\u0131r\u0131m uygulay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 bir milliyet\u00e7iden, bir kom\u00fcnist olmaya giden yolu sa\u011flayan nedir? Yarg\u0131lanmaktan kurtulmak i\u00e7in mi Bak\u00fc’ye gidip kom\u00fcnist \u00e7evrelere giriyor, yoksa kom\u00fcnizmi ger\u00e7ekten de kendisine yak\u0131n m\u0131 buluyor?<\/strong>
\nKendisi de arkada\u015f\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektupta bunu itiraf ediyor. Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rol i\u00e7in \u0130ngilizler taraf\u0131ndan yakalan\u0131p yarg\u0131lanma endi\u015fesi i\u00e7indeydi. 1918 y\u0131l\u0131 sonunda Batum, Tiflis yoluyla Bak\u00fc\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131. Salih Zeki\u2019nin yazd\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rol\u00fc onda \u201cmevcut d\u00fczene, h\u00fck\u00fcmete ve sava\u015fa kar\u015f\u0131 memnuniyetsizlik, hatta d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k\u201d hissi uyand\u0131rd\u0131. \u201cBu felaket yaln\u0131z Ermenilerin ba\u015f\u0131na gelmi\u015f de\u011fildi, ayn\u0131 zamanda b\u00fct\u00fcn T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n da felaketiydi. Bu beni devrim saflar\u0131na itti\u201d.\u00a0 Erzurum\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan \u201cAlbayrak\u201d gazetesinin 9 A\u011fustos 1920 tarihli n\u00fcshas\u0131nda \u201cYeni \u0130nk\u0131lap\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kurtulu\u015funu sosyalizm yolunda g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Kom\u00fcnizme gelince, ilk etapta Marksizm hakk\u0131nda pek bilgili olmad\u0131. Mesela 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda Trabzon\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan \u201cNi\u00e7in Bol\u015fevik oldum?\u201d kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131, Salih Zeki\u2019nin Marksizm bilgisinin zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ele\u015ftirilmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda Salih Zeki bu ele\u015ftirileri kabul edip, mazeret olarak \u201cpropaganda bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcyd\u00fc, ama Marksizm yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011fil, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o zaman Marksizm hakk\u0131nda bilgim yoktu\u201d ifadelerini kullan\u0131yor. Bunun ile beraber Salih Zeki 1919 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren \u00f6lene kadar (3 Kas\u0131m 1940, Moskova) Rusya Kom\u00fcnist Partisi (Bol\u015fevik) resmi \u00fcyesiydi.<\/p>\nErmeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131ndaki rol\u00fc o y\u0131llarda\u00a0 TKP i\u00e7inde sorun yarat\u0131yor mu kendisine?<\/strong>
\nYarat\u0131yor, ama fazla de\u011fil. 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in partiden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, ama 1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda parti \u00fcyeli\u011fi haklar\u0131, ge\u00e7mi\u015f parti staj\u0131yla birlikte geri verildi. Fakat evraktaki \u201cErmeni katliam\u0131nda parma\u011f\u0131 var\u201d niteli\u011fi daha y\u00fcksek pozisyonlar, mevkilere \u00e7\u0131kmak, parti kariyeri yapmak i\u00e7in engel olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n\u00d6lene kadar Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nde kal\u0131yor ve \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00fcrolarda g\u00f6rev yap\u0131yor. Bu y\u0131llarda, yani 1930’larda, kendisine Sovyet rejiminde \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlerde bulunan (Mikoyan gibi) Ermenilerin yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 tarihin bir ironisi olarak m\u0131 yorumlamak laz\u0131m?\u00a0<\/strong>
\nBug\u00fcnk\u00fc bak\u0131mdan belki. Ama o zamanki \u015fartlar\u0131 ve yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 dikkate almak laz\u0131m. Kemalist T\u00fcrkiye ile dost ili\u015fkileri kuran Sovyet Rusya Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 konusu kapatmak istemi\u015f, resmi d\u00fczeyde Sovyet Birli\u011fi\u2019nde o d\u00f6nemde bu konu yasakt\u0131r. Hem de Rusya\u2019da Devrim zaman\u0131nda Salih Zeki gibi y\u00fczlerce, binlerce insan yok eden Bol\u015fevik eylemciler \u00e7oktu. Zaten Bol\u015fevik ter\u00f6r\u00fc \u00fcnl\u00fcyd\u00fc.<\/p>\nErmeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131’nda rol alan isimler asl\u0131nda yeni kurulan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131yor, hatta rejim basamaklar\u0131 i\u00e7inde y\u00fckselenler de var. Salih Zeki bu \u00f6rneklere de bakarak T\u00fcrkiye’ye d\u00f6nmeyi hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyor mu?<\/strong>
\n\u0130\u015f ancak Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019da ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 rol\u00fc kapsasayd\u0131 belki d\u00f6nmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirdi. Fakat o kom\u00fcnist idi ve Kemalist h\u00fck\u00fcmet kom\u00fcnistlere kar\u015f\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7ti, parti kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bir\u00e7ok kom\u00fcnist tutuklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00dcstelik Bol\u015fevikler ile temaslardan haberdar, Suphilerin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u015fey bilen, 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7ti\u011fi zaman Erzurum, Bayburt ve Trabzon \u015fehirlerde kom\u00fcnist \u015fubeler kurmay\u0131 beceren Salih Zeki, bence, Kemalist h\u00fck\u00fcmet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan istenmeyen bir ki\u015fiydi.<\/p>\nArsen Avagyan kimdir?<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>
\n1972’de Erivan’da do\u011fdu. 2002’de Moskova Devlet \u00dcniversitesi’nde “Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ve Kemalist T\u00fcrkiye’nin Devlet-\u0130ktidar Sisteminde \u00c7erkeslerin Rol\u00fc” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 Rus\u00e7a doktora tezini sundu. Bu tez daha sonra Belge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mland\u0131 (\u00e7ev. Ludmilla Denisenko, \u0130stanbul, 2004). Ermenistan\u2019da, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan Toplumsal Tarih dergisinde ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerde makaleleri yay\u0131mland\u0131. Prof. Dr. Avagyan\u2019\u0131n Gaidz F. Minassian ile birlikte kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cErmeniler ve \u0130ttihat Terakki\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nland\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca \u201cT\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015f Siyasetinde Kuzey Kafkasya Siyasi Muhacereti (1920-1971)\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u00a0da Belge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Karadeniz Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131 nezdinde Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye temsilcili\u011fi g\u00f6revini iki d\u00f6nem y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. Bu g\u00f6revi ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l sona eren Avagyan halen Ermenistan\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\nhttp:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/23578\/ittihatciliktan-komunizme-deyr-i-zordan-moskovaya-salih-zekinin-bilinmeyen-hikayesi?fbclid=IwAR19jvEOeOqsmul6epTB-emToQJ409nAo_QW1Uj8JiaEXH_b9Y346BErBWI<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Yetvart Danzikyan Yak\u0131n zamana kadar Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n, Karadeniz Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131 nezdindeki T\u00fcrkiye temsilcisi olan Prof. Dr. Arsen Avagyan sadece bir diplomat de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda verimli bir akademisyen. Avagyan\u2019\u0131n Gaidz Minassian ile birlikte kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cErmeniler ve \u0130ttihat Terakki\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 daha \u00f6nce Aras Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Avagyan \u015fimdi yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile T\u00fcrkiyeli okurlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":56917,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,54,71,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\n
\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan kom\u00fcnizme, Deyr-i Zor\u2019dan Moskova\u2019ya: Salih Zeki\u2019nin bilinmeyen hikayesi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=56916\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan kom\u00fcnizme, Deyr-i Zor\u2019dan Moskova\u2019ya: Salih Zeki\u2019nin bilinmeyen hikayesi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Yetvart Danzikyan Yak\u0131n zamana kadar Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n, Karadeniz Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131 nezdindeki T\u00fcrkiye temsilcisi olan Prof. Dr. Arsen Avagyan sadece bir diplomat de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda verimli bir akademisyen. Avagyan\u2019\u0131n Gaidz Minassian ile birlikte kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cErmeniler ve \u0130ttihat Terakki\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 daha \u00f6nce Aras Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Avagyan \u015fimdi yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile T\u00fcrkiyeli okurlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda. 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