{"id":55381,"date":"2019-10-24T03:20:30","date_gmt":"2019-10-24T08:20:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=55381"},"modified":"2019-10-24T03:20:30","modified_gmt":"2019-10-24T08:20:30","slug":"siradisi-bir-ittihatci-besarya-efendi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=55381","title":{"rendered":"S\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131: Besarya Efendi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kendi toplumunun iyili\u011fi ve T\u00fcrklere ra\u011fmen yeni bir T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019ne \u00fcye olan Besarya Efendi \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti i\u00e7erisinde yer alan ilk Hristiyan. Besarya Efendi\u2019nin 1906 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ni terk etti\u011fi 1916 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar tan\u0131k oldu\u011fu olaylar\u0131 konu edinen \u201cS\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131\u201d Tima\u015f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Soner Sert<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

As\u0131l ad\u0131 Nicolae Constantin Batzaria olan fakat Osmanl\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131nda ad\u0131 Basarya ya da Besarya diye ge\u00e7en Besarya Efendi, aslen Ulah olup, 20 Kas\u0131m 1874 tarihinde Manast\u0131r\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 Kru\u015fova k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011far. Anadili Romence\u2019ye yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, di\u011fer Ulahlar gibi, kendini Romen olarak niteler. B\u00fckre\u015f \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde hukuk ve edebiyat e\u011fitimi ald\u0131ktan sonra Manast\u0131r\u2019a d\u00f6ner ve \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapar. Bir s\u00fcre sonra m\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011fe tayin edilir. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, Kosova ve Selanik gibi Osmanl\u0131 vilayetlerinde m\u00fcfetti\u015flik yapmaya ba\u015flar. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem, siyasete ilgi duymaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, J\u00f6n T\u00fcrklerle ba\u011flant\u0131ya ge\u00e7meye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemdir. 1906 y\u0131l\u0131nda Enver Pa\u015fa ile tan\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve t\u0131pk\u0131 filmlerde oldu\u011fu gibi, puslu bir gecede, gizemli bir ortamda yemin ederek \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lara kat\u0131l\u0131r. II. Me\u015frutiyet\u2019in ilan\u0131na yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131kl\u0131k eder. Daha sonra Talat ve Cemal Pa\u015falarla da tan\u0131\u015f\u0131p dost olan Besarya Efendi, bu ili\u015fkiler sayesinde \u00f6nce Meclis-i Ayan \u00fcyeli\u011fine, B\u00e2b-\u0131 \u00c2li Bask\u0131n\u0131 sonras\u0131nda da Nafia Naz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na getirilir. Birinci Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 toplanan Londra Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131\u2019na Osmanl\u0131 Devleti temsilcisi olarak kat\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dclkeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte onu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u00fcrpriz bekler. Zira Birinci Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda ya\u015fanan ma\u011flubiyet \u2013ve sonraki ma\u011fduriyet- i\u00e7in aranan su\u00e7lu bulunur: Meclis-i Ayan\u2019\u0131n S\u0131rp ve Makedon \u00fcyeleri. Bu \u00fcyeler, meclisin di\u011fer \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015fman olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve istifaya zorlan\u0131r. Besarya Efendi, her ne kadar tepkilerin anlams\u0131z oldu\u011funu, b\u00fct\u00fcn kalbiyle Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylese de, bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcc\u00fc muameleyi hak etmedi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek 5 Ocak 1915 tarihinde istifa eder.<\/p>\n

\u0130stifa ettikten sonra Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nden ayr\u0131larak B\u00fckre\u015f\u2019e yerle\u015fir. Burada da ge\u00e7mi\u015fte oldu\u011fu gibi gazetecilik, belediye meclis \u00fcyeli\u011fi ve milletvekilli\u011fi yapar. Y\u0131llar sonra, yolu bir kez daha \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00fc\u015fer. 1938 y\u0131l\u0131 Nisan ay\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde \u0130stanbul\u2019da son defa ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Balkan Matbuat Kongresi\u2019ne Romanya\u2019y\u0131 temsilen gelir. Hatta o tarihte d\u00f6nemin bilinen mecmualar\u0131ndan Yedig\u00fcn Dergisi\u2019ne bir de r\u00f6portaj verir. II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 Romanya\u2019da rejim de\u011fi\u015fir ve yeni rejim Besarya Efendi\u2019yi y\u00f6netim kadrolar\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Ekonomik zorluklar ve maddi yetersizlikler i\u00e7inde 28 Ocak 1952 tarihinde hayata veda eder.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk olarak Romanya\u2019da, Din Lumea \u0130slamului: Turcia Junilor Turci ad\u0131yla B\u00fckre\u015f\u2019te art\u0131k faaliyette olmayan Alcalay ve Calafateanu Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan Romence olarak 1942 y\u0131l\u0131nda bas\u0131lan Besarya Efendi\u2019nin hat\u0131rat\u0131, o g\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne hi\u00e7 \u00e7evrilmemi\u015ftir. Tima\u015f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde Besarya Efendi\u2019nin an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131,\u00a0S\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131<\/em>\u00a0ismiyle ve Besarya Efendi\u2019nin Hayat\u0131 ve II. Me\u015frutiyet D\u00f6nemi Hat\u0131ralar\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Esin Elkan Y\u0131lmaz\u2019\u0131n \u00e7evirdi\u011fi kitap, Besarya Efendi\u2019nin 1906 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ni terk etti\u011fi 1916 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar tan\u0131k oldu\u011fu olaylar\u0131 konu al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Selanik\u2019te kurulan Osmanl\u0131 H\u00fcrriyet Cemiyeti\u2019nin Balkanlardaki varolu\u015funu ve bi\u00e7imleni\u015fini anlatarak ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131, bahse konu olan kurulu\u015fun program\u0131n\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131klayarak devam eder. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin iktidar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmeden hemen \u00f6nce, \u201ctemiz kalpli bir insan olarak\u201d niteledi\u011fi Enver Bey\u2019le olan ili\u015fkisinin ayr\u0131ca \u00fczerinde durur. II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in bask\u0131c\u0131 ve jurnalci y\u00f6netim politikas\u0131n\u0131 ki\u015fisel olarak anlatmaya ve sosyal olarak betimlemeye de giri\u015fen Besarya Efendi, II. Me\u015frutiyet\u2019in \u0130lan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fclke genelinde nas\u0131l ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 31 Mart Vakas\u0131 olarak bilinen ayaklanman\u0131n nas\u0131l bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, o an, kentte bulunan bir insan olarak do\u011frudan anlat\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u2018\u0130TT\u0130HAT\u00c7ILAR G\u0130DEREK T\u00dcRK\u00c7\u00dcLE\u015eM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Besarya Efendi, yaln\u0131zca i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu ya da bir \u015fekilde kula\u011f\u0131na gelen hadiseleri anlatmakla yetinmez. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 ideolojik olarak da yorumlamaya giri\u015fir. Ona g\u00f6re, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar, ba\u015flarda iddia ettikleri gibi Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k politikas\u0131na bir s\u00fcre sonra uzakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, giderek T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcle\u015fmi\u015ftir. \u201c\u00d6nemli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde ve konu\u015fmalarda \u2018Hepimiz e\u015fitiz!\u2019 diyorlard\u0131, fakat ger\u00e7ek hayatta Hristiyanlar ve T\u00fcrk olmayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lan\u0131yordu ve bu durum g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e daha da \u00e7ok art\u0131yordu\u201d diyerek d\u00f6neme dair d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini a\u00e7\u0131klayan Besarya Efendi, Nafia Naz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir olay\u0131 ise anlatmadan ge\u00e7emez. Birinci Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hemen sonras\u0131d\u0131r ve Osmanl\u0131 Devleti a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgi alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Balkanlar, hala durulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve ikinci bir sava\u015f\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ihtimali y\u00fcksektir. Kabinedeki tek Romen olan Besarya Efendi, o g\u00fcnk\u00fc kurul toplant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor:<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u2026Sadrazam da geldi ve kabine toplant\u0131s\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. Ordunun durumunu, finansal durumu ve sava\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z di\u011fer devletlerle olan ili\u015fkilerimizi konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131k. Sadrazam (Mahmut \u015eevket Pa\u015fa) bana do\u011fru d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve:<\/p>\n

    \u2018Sizin kral\u0131n\u0131z neler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor?\u2019<\/p>\n

    \u2018Hangi kral?\u2019<\/p>\n

    \u2018Nas\u0131l hangi kral? Romanya\u2019n\u0131n Kral\u0131, sen Roman de\u011fil misin?\u2019<\/p>\n

    Ben o an T\u00fcrk bakan\u0131yd\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n

    Besarya Efendi, bu durumu \u2013do\u011fal olarak- \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131lar fakat burada esas olan \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimdir. O d\u00f6nemde Nafia Naz\u0131r\u0131 olan Besarya Efendi de \u00f6zellikle bu ideolojik de\u011fi\u015fim \u00fczerinde durur.<\/p>\n

    Besarya Efendi\u2019nin kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131rat\u0131, II. Me\u015frutiyet D\u00f6nemi\u2019ni ve Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na kadarki Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin y\u00f6netimsel s\u00fcrecini anlamak i\u00e7in, iyi bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00d6zellikle de yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n, y\u00f6netim kadrosunda bulunan tek Romen\u2019in tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayanmas\u0131 ise ayr\u0131ca \u00f6nemli. Farkl\u0131 bir g\u00f6zle bakmak i\u00e7in\u2026<\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.gazeteduvar.com.tr\/kitap\/2019\/10\/24\/siradisi-bir-ittihatci-besarya-efendi\/<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kendi toplumunun iyili\u011fi ve T\u00fcrklere ra\u011fmen yeni bir T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019ne \u00fcye olan Besarya Efendi \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti i\u00e7erisinde yer alan ilk Hristiyan. Besarya Efendi\u2019nin 1906 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ni terk etti\u011fi 1916 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar tan\u0131k oldu\u011fu olaylar\u0131 konu edinen \u201cS\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131\u201d Tima\u015f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mland\u0131. Soner Sert As\u0131l ad\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":55382,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nS\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131: Besarya Efendi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=55381\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131: Besarya Efendi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kendi toplumunun iyili\u011fi ve T\u00fcrklere ra\u011fmen yeni bir T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019ne \u00fcye olan Besarya Efendi \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti i\u00e7erisinde yer alan ilk Hristiyan. Besarya Efendi\u2019nin 1906 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ni terk etti\u011fi 1916 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar tan\u0131k oldu\u011fu olaylar\u0131 konu edinen \u201cS\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131\u201d Tima\u015f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mland\u0131. 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Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=55381","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"S\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131: Besarya Efendi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Kendi toplumunun iyili\u011fi ve T\u00fcrklere ra\u011fmen yeni bir T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019ne \u00fcye olan Besarya Efendi \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti i\u00e7erisinde yer alan ilk Hristiyan. Besarya Efendi\u2019nin 1906 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ni terk etti\u011fi 1916 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar tan\u0131k oldu\u011fu olaylar\u0131 konu edinen \u201cS\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 Bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131\u201d Tima\u015f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mland\u0131. 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