{"id":52692,"date":"2019-05-02T04:16:09","date_gmt":"2019-05-02T09:16:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52692"},"modified":"2019-05-02T04:20:06","modified_gmt":"2019-05-02T09:20:06","slug":"soykirim-sonucu-yeni-maras","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52692","title":{"rendered":"Soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonucu: Yeni Mara\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Gevorg Kalloshyan<\/strong><\/p>\n

20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131nda soyk\u0131r\u0131ma maruz kalan Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n kanl\u0131 katliamlardan kurtulabilen k\u0131sm\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131. Bat\u0131 Ermenistan ve Kilikya\u2019n\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerle\u015fimlerinden zorla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan, vatans\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131lan Ermeniler asla haf\u0131zalar\u0131ndan anayurtlar\u0131n\u0131 silmediler. Ermeni Diasporas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bu nesil farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerde faaliyet g\u00f6steren kendi derneklerine, gazetelere, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve e\u011fitim merkezlere memleketlerinin isimlerini veriyorlard\u0131.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda Do\u011fu Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131nda Ermeni devleti yeniden do\u011fdu. \u2018Denizde bo\u011fulan\u2019 Ermeniler i\u00e7in bu bir fener niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yordu. E\u011fer ya\u015fanan soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n artd\u0131ndan alt\u0131 as\u0131rl\u0131k aradan sonra Ermeni devleti kurulmasayd\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski uygarl\u0131klar\u0131ndan biri olan Ermenilerin kaderi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek bile korkun\u00e7.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130kinci d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra on binlerce Ermeni evlad\u0131 cephede hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti ve Sovyet Ermenistan\u0131 demografi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan k\u00f6t\u00fc bir durumla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Sovyet h\u00fck\u00fcmeti diasporadan g\u00f6\u00e7 organize etmeye izin verdi ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 k\u00f6\u015felerinden binlerce Ermeni vatana yahut vatan\u0131n ba\u015fka bir par\u00e7as\u0131na geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Sovyet Ermenistan\u0131\u2019nda da onlar kendi \u00f6z yurtlar\u0131n\u0131 unutmad\u0131lar.Kaybettiklerini bu topraklarda bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan ilk olarak anayurtlar\u0131n\u0131n, memleketlerinin isimlerini ya\u015fatmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar.B\u00f6ylece yeni vatan\u0131 eski isimleriyle yeniden in\u015fa ettiler.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte Yerevan\u2019da bulunan Nor Mara\u015f (Yeni Mara\u015f) mahallesi bu \u00f6rneklerden biridir\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ESK\u0130 MARA\u015e<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131da Da\u011fl\u0131k Kilikya b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan Mara\u015f eski zamanlardan beri bu isimle an\u0131l\u0131yor (farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde Germanike, Gurgum isimleri de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f) ve eski zamanlardan beri burada Ermeniler ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f. Mara\u015f\u2019ta Ermenilerin say\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6zellikle Bizans d\u00f6neminde artt\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00f6lgenin y\u00f6netimi Ermenilere devredildi. B\u00f6lgenin en me\u015fhur Ermeni y\u00f6neticisi Pilartos Varajnuni oldu. Onun hakimiyeti alt\u0131nda k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli\u011fine Mara\u015f 1065 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcm Ermeniler Katolikosunun g\u00fczergah\u0131 oldu.Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumundan sonra Mara\u015f Ermeni devletinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu. 16\u2019Inc\u0131 y\u00fcz\u0131lda Mara\u015f Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edildi.<\/p>\n

Mara\u015f Ermenileri bu sefer Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hakimiyeti alt\u0131nda kendi topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015famaya ve eserler yaratmaya devam ettiler.<\/p>\n

Mara\u015fl\u0131 Ermenileri iyi zanaatkarlar, \u00e7ift\u00e7iler, t\u00fcccarlar olarak biliniyordu.<\/p>\n

Mara\u015f\u2019ta Gregoryan, Katolik ve Protestan Ermenilere ait 12 kilise bulunuyordu ve bunlardan 6\u2019s\u0131nda ilk okullar\u0131 vard\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, Mara\u015f\u2019ta Ermeni ruhban okulu, hastaneler ve yard\u0131m sever dernekleri vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nce Mara\u015f\u2019ta yakla\u015f\u0131k 40.000 Ermeni ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Da\u011fl\u0131k Kilikya b\u00f6lgesindeki di\u011fer yerle\u015fimlerinin (Zeytun\/S\u00fcleymanl\u0131, Hac\u0131n\/Saimbeyli) Ermenileri gibi Mara\u015f Ermenileri de \u00f6zg\u00fcrsever bir halk olarak kendi h\u00fcrriyeti ve kendi vatan\u0131nda ya\u015fayabilmek i\u00e7in sonuna kadar m\u00fccadele etti.<\/p>\n

Birinci D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun ma\u011flubiyetiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1915 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n korkun\u00e7 olaylar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131ktan sonra bile Mara\u015f Ermenilerinin soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan kurtulan k\u0131sm\u0131 memlekete d\u00f6nemeye kararl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Fakat \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden Mustafa Kemal hareketi ba\u015flad\u0131 ve Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fiddet propagandas\u0131 yeni katliamlara yol a\u00e7t\u0131. 1920 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ocak-\u015eubat aylar\u0131nda Mara\u015f Ermenileri ellerine sialh al\u0131p \u00f6zsavunma hareketine ba\u015flad\u0131. Maalesef b\u00f6lgeden Frans\u0131z g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sonra bunu f\u0131rsat bilen T\u00fcrkler daha geni\u015f bir sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenleyip \u015fehrin Ermeni mahallesini yakt\u0131lar. Mara\u015f Ermenileri ikinci defa katliama u\u011frad\u0131. Binlerce Mara\u015fl\u0131 Ermeniler arkalar\u0131nda yanan evlerini ve akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n katliam\u0131n\u0131n korkun\u00e7 manzaralar\u0131 b\u0131rakarak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 k\u00f6\u015felerine yay\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Suriye, L\u00fcbnan, Avrupa \u00fclkeleri, Kuzey ve G\u00fcney Amerikalar. \u0130\u015fte Mara\u015f Ermenilerinin Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan kurtulan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015f co\u011frafya.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

YEN\u0130\u00a0MARA\u015e<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 k\u00f6\u015felerinde bile Mara\u015f Ermenileri kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, dilini, geleneklerini ve kimli\u011fini koruyabilmek i\u00e7in birle\u015ftiler ve dernekler kurmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mara\u015f yurtta\u015fl\u0131k derne\u011fi kuruldu. ABD \u015fehirlerinde, Arjantin\u2019de, Brezilya\u2019da, Uruguay\u2019da, Yunanistan\u2019da, Fransa\u2019da, L\u00fcbnan\u2019da, Suriye\u2019de, \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019de ve Filistin\u2019de bu derne\u011fin temsilcilikleri vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

1946-1948 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Sovyet Ermenistan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n organize etti\u011fi g\u00f6\u00e7 s\u00fcrecine Mara\u015f Ermenileri de kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalmad\u0131. Ermenistan\u2019a yerle\u015fen Mara\u015f Ermenileri burada da kendi memleketinin ismini ya\u015fatmak istediler. Bu iste\u011fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Mara\u015f Yurtta\u015fl\u0131k Derne\u011finin Arjantin\u2019deki temsilcili\u011fi Mara\u015f isimli bir yerle\u015fim kurma ricas\u0131yla Sovyet h\u00fck\u00fcmetine ba\u015fvurdu.<\/p>\n

1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sovyet Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden bu iste\u011fe olumlu cevap geldi ve Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n Ba\u015fkenti Yerevan\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu k\u0131sm\u0131nda bulunan y\u00fckseklikte Yeni Mara\u015f mahallesinin in\u015faat\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece Yerevan\u2019daki Mara\u015f ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Mara\u015fl\u0131 Ermeniler b\u00fcy\u00fck co\u015fku ve sevin\u00e7le ta\u015f ta\u015f \u00fcst\u00fcne koyarak \u0131ss\u0131z, g\u00f6rkemsiz tepeye yeni hayat verdiler ve kendi \u00f6z memleketlerinin benzerli\u011finde yeni bir yurt in\u015fa ettiler. Bah\u00e7eli ta\u015f yap\u0131m\u0131 evlerle, ye\u015fil alanlar\u0131yla, temiz havas\u0131 ve tatl\u0131 suyuyla Yeni Mara\u015f eski Mara\u015f\u2019\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131yordu\u2026<\/p>\n

Yeni Mara\u015f\u2019\u0131n me\u015fhur yap\u0131lardan biri 1974-1977 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen televizyon kulesidir. Kulenin y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 311.7 metredir ve Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkentinin en y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Ermenistan Devlet Televizyonu\u2019nun binas\u0131 da kulenin yan\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Yerevan\u2019daki tek teleferi\u011fi de Yeni Mara\u015f\u2019ta bulunuyordu. Teleferik 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaza sonucunda maalesef kapand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yeni Mara\u015f\u2019ta bulunan Meryem Ana kilisesinin de ilgin\u00e7 hikayesi var. Eskiden kilisenin ad\u0131 Surp Marianostu. 1679 y\u0131l\u0131nda devpremden dolay\u0131 kilise tamamen y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. 20\u2019inci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Ter-Avetikyan karde\u015flerinin deste\u011fiyle kilise restore edildi. \u0130kinci kez kilise 1920-1930 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Sovyet h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Hristiyan kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 politikas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. Y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen inan\u00e7l\u0131 Ermeniler i\u00e7in bu kilise gizli bir ibadet yeriydi. \u00d6zellikle Meryam Ana\u2019ya adanm\u0131\u015f bayram g\u00fcnlerinde hem Mara\u015f\u2019\u0131n hem de Yerevan\u2019\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerin inan\u00e7l\u0131 insanlar\u0131 kiliseyi ziyaret ediyordu.<\/p>\n

Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sonra 1995 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri kilise Mara\u015fl\u0131 Ermeniler Derne\u011finin \u00e7abalar\u0131yla tekrar restore edildikten sonra kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131k gizli olmayan ve a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde dini geleneklerini ya\u015fatan inan\u00e7l\u0131 Ermenilere kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Her sene Meryem Ana Yortusu, yani halk taraf\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ok \u00fcz\u00fcm kutsama g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak bilinen bayramda Yerevan\u2019dan ve Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden insanlar Yeni Mara\u015f\u2019taki Meryem Ana kilisesini de ziyaret ediyorlar.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi yakla\u015f\u0131k 12.000 n\u00fcfusu olan Yeni Mara\u015f\u2019ta k\u00f6ken as\u0131l Mara\u015f\u2019tan olan ka\u00e7 ki\u015fi var bilmiyoruz, fakat Mara\u015f\u2019l\u0131 Ermeniler sonu\u00e7ta ama\u00e7lar\u0131na kavu\u015ftu ve kendi memleketinin ismi Ermenistan\u2019da ya\u015fatabildi.<\/p>\n

100 sene \u00f6nce as\u0131l memleketlerini kaybettikten sonra onlar eski ad\u0131yla yeni bir yurt kurdular ve 100 sene sonra da Mara\u015f ismi as\u0131l Mara\u015f Ermenilerinin kahramanl\u0131klarla dolu tarihini hat\u0131rlatmaya devam edecektir.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.ermenihaber.am\/tr\/news\/2019\/04\/29\/Ermeni-Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131-Mara\u015f\/153623<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gevorg Kalloshyan 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131nda soyk\u0131r\u0131ma maruz kalan Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n kanl\u0131 katliamlardan kurtulabilen k\u0131sm\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131. Bat\u0131 Ermenistan ve Kilikya\u2019n\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerle\u015fimlerinden zorla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan, vatans\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131lan Ermeniler asla haf\u0131zalar\u0131ndan anayurtlar\u0131n\u0131 silmediler. Ermeni Diasporas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bu nesil farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerde faaliyet g\u00f6steren kendi derneklerine, gazetelere, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve e\u011fitim merkezlere memleketlerinin isimlerini veriyorlard\u0131.\u00a0 1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda Do\u011fu Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":52700,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,21,1,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52692","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenileri","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nSoyk\u0131r\u0131m sonucu: Yeni Mara\u015f - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52692\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonucu: Yeni Mara\u015f - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gevorg Kalloshyan 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131nda soyk\u0131r\u0131ma maruz kalan Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n kanl\u0131 katliamlardan kurtulabilen k\u0131sm\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131. 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