{"id":52256,"date":"2019-04-08T04:56:01","date_gmt":"2019-04-08T09:56:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256"},"modified":"2019-04-08T04:57:15","modified_gmt":"2019-04-08T09:57:15","slug":"soykirimdan-kurtulanlarin-sesine-kulak-verin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256","title":{"rendered":"Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar\u2019\u0131n sesine kulak verin"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a>Ferda Balancar<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda hayatta kalan Ermeni kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n kapat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 evlerden kurtar\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 ele alan \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar: Halep Kurtarma Evi Yetimleri\u2019 adl\u0131 kitap, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Milletler Cemiyeti taraf\u0131ndan 1921\u2019de Halep\u2019te kurulan Halep Kurtarma Evi’nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, gelen kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enlerin not edildi\u011fi \u00f6zel kay\u0131t defterleri tutmu\u015ftu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0130sv\u00e7ire\u2019nin Cenevre kentindeki Milletler Cemiyeti Ar\u015fivi\u2019nde bulunan 1922- 1930 tarihli bu defterlerde, toplam 1700 civar\u0131nda kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuk hakk\u0131nda bilgiler yer al\u0131yor. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun hemen her b\u00f6lgesinden, farkl\u0131 sosyal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullardan gelen bu insanlar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enleri anlatan kay\u0131t formlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu tek sayfadan ibaret olup, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n ve ebeveynlerinin isimlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra do\u011fum yerleri, ya\u015flar\u0131 ve Halep Kurtarma Evi\u2019ne kabul edildikleri tarihleri i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n

Bu tutanaklardan se\u00e7ilmi\u015f 300 civar\u0131nda kayd\u0131 i\u00e7eren kitapta, \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 \u00f6ns\u00f6z de yer al\u0131yor. Dicle Akar, t\u00fcm kay\u0131tlar\u0131n i\u00e7erikleri hakk\u0131nda genel bir d\u00f6k\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p, istatistiksel bilgiler veriyor. Matthias Bjornlund, Milletler Cemiyeti ve Danimarka ar\u015fivlerini tarayarak Halep Kurtarma Evi\u2019nin ve ad\u0131 onunla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fen Karen Jappe\u2019nin hik\u00e2yesini yaz\u0131yor. Taner Ak\u00e7am ise Osmanl\u0131 belgelerine dayanarak, soyk\u0131r\u0131m s\u0131ras\u0131nda yetimlere y\u00f6nelik izlenen politikalar\u0131n esaslar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6nlerinden birisi, kay\u0131tlarda yer alan ifadelerin hemen o y\u0131llarda kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131; bu nedenle de daha sonra meydana gelebilecek haf\u0131za kayb\u0131 tehlikesine maruz kalmamas\u0131. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle, \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar\u2019 hayatta kalan kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na gelenler hakk\u0131nda son derece \u00f6nemli bilgiler i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n

Halep Kurtarma Evi kay\u0131t defterlerinden<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131: Erhen<\/p>\n

Baba ad\u0131: Garabed K\u00f6seyan<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum yeri: Harput<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f\u0131: 17<\/p>\n

Kabul tarihi: 15 Temmuz 1922<\/p>\n

Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda babas\u0131 T\u00fcrk ordusunda askerdi. Annesi Erhen\u2019in hayat\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in onu bir T\u00fcrk\u2019e verdi. T\u00fcrk onu k\u00f6y\u00fcne g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. Orada 10 g\u00fcn kald\u0131.\u00a0 Erhen oradan, ba\u015fka bir k\u00f6ydeki bir T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn evinde ya\u015famakta olan b\u00fcy\u00fckannesinin yan\u0131na ka\u00e7t\u0131. Oraya kabul edilmeyince sokaklarda kald\u0131. Bir T\u00fcrk polisi onu g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve birka\u00e7 dakika i\u00e7erisinde onu yola \u00e7\u0131kacak bir kafileye kat\u0131p Mardin\u2019e s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Orada yine bir T\u00fcrk onu evine hizmet\u00e7i olarak ald\u0131. Erhen hastalan\u0131nca T\u00fcrk onu kovdu. Bir K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131na al\u0131p ona bakt\u0131. Erhen hep onun yan\u0131nda kald\u0131. Bir g\u00fcn K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n onu bir T\u00fcrk ile evlendirmek istedi. Erhen reddetti ve Urfa\u2019ya ka\u00e7t\u0131. Urfa\u2019daki Ermeniler ona yard\u0131m ettiler ve Halep\u2019e yollad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Erhen\u2019in Amerika\u2019da iki karde\u015fi var.<\/p>\n

Erhen nak\u0131\u015f dikmeyi \u00f6\u011frenemedi, hizmet\u00e7i olarak yerle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131mevinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131: 1 Haziran 1923. Hizmet\u00e7i, kendisini ge\u00e7indiriyor.<\/p>\n

Evlendi ve \u015fehri terk etti.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131: Filor<\/p>\n

Baba ad\u0131: Krikor Pambukciyan<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum yeri: Bursa<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f\u0131: 30<\/p>\n

Kabul tarihi: 17 Eyl\u00fcl 1922<\/p>\n

Tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda Filor\u2019un kocas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019da askerdi. Babas\u0131, erkek karde\u015fi ve k\u0131z\u0131yla birlikte Nusaybin\u2019e kadar s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Babas\u0131 orada \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Filor, k\u0131z\u0131 ve erkek karde\u015fi bir K\u00fcrt taraf\u0131ndan bir k\u00f6ye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bir g\u00fcn karde\u015fi K\u00fcrt taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok feci \u015fekilde d\u00f6v\u00fcld\u00fc, ks\u0131a s\u00fcre sonra da hastaland\u0131 ve \u00f6ld\u00fc. K\u00fcrt, Filor ile evlenmek istedi fakat Filor istemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir yere ka\u00e7t\u0131. Bu sefer ikinci sahibi de Filor ile evlenmek istedi. Filor ka\u00e7mak istedi ama K\u00fcrt, k\u0131z\u0131 Yegsabet\u2019i ona vermedi. Filor ba\u015fka bir K\u00fcrt\u2019e 500 pasterse sat\u0131ld\u0131. Asl\u0131nda yeni sahibinin hizmet\u00e7isi olacakken kar\u0131s\u0131 oldu. Alt\u0131 y\u0131l arad\u0131ktan sonra k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 bulmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Onunla Mardin\u2019e ka\u00e7t\u0131. Halep\u2019e gitmeden \u00f6nce bir Amerikan misyoneri ona birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn yard\u0131m etti. Mezopotamya\u2019n\u0131n\u00a0 u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6llerini 20 g\u00fcnde y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek ge\u00e7tikten sonra Halep\u2019e geldi ve evimize kabul edildi. K\u0131z\u0131 da kendisiyle birlikte.<\/p>\n

Filor\u2019un kocas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019da.<\/p>\n

Filor, hizmet\u00e7ilik yapacak bir yer buldu ve kendisini ge\u00e7indiriyor.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131mevinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131: 1 Haziran 1923. Hizmet\u00e7i olarak kendisini ge\u00e7indiriyor.<\/p>\n

Filor\u2019un k\u0131z\u0131 Yegsabet, 31 Aral\u0131k 1923\u2019te Danimarka Yetimhanesi\u2019ne al\u0131nd\u0131. Daha sonra M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da ya\u015fayan annesine gitti fakat 1927\u2019de orada \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc duyduk.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131: Tervis<\/p>\n

Baba ad\u0131: Sumpad Azoyan<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum yeri: Mu\u015f<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f\u0131: 23<\/p>\n

Kabul tarihi: 28 Ocak 1923<\/p>\n

Mu\u015f\u2019taki\u00a0 \u00a0Ermeni-T\u00fcrk \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kocas\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bir polis, bebe\u011fiyle birlikte onu Palu\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc, sonra orada onunla evlendi. Alt\u0131 ay sonra Bak\u0131r Maden\u2019e ka\u00e7t\u0131 fakat T\u00fcrk onu takip edip kendisiyle d\u00f6nmeye mecbur b\u0131rakt\u0131. Tervis be\u015f y\u0131l bu T\u00fcrk ile birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131. Bu yerden ka\u00e7man\u0131n imkans\u0131z oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce kocas\u0131n\u0131 zehirledi. Ceset h\u00fck\u00fcmet\u00e7e incelendi ve Tervis\u2019in kocas\u0131n\u0131 zehirlemi\u015f oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca hapse at\u0131ld\u0131. Alt\u0131 ay sonra Harput\u2019a g\u00f6nderildi. Orada valinin evinde ya\u015famakta olan bir Ermeni\u2019yi tan\u0131yordu, bu adam ona yard\u0131m etti. Valiyi, k\u0131z\u0131n masum oldu\u011fu konusunda ikna etti ve \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra Tervis serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Halep\u2019e gitmekte olan bir Ermeni grubuna kat\u0131ld\u0131 ve onlarla birlikte bu \u015fehre geldi.<\/p>\n

Erkek karde\u015fi ve kay\u0131nbiraderi Amerika\u2019da. Tervis akrabalar\u0131yla temas kurdu ve \u015fimdi onlar taraf\u0131ndan destekleniyor.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131mevinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131: 13 A\u011fustos 1923. Akarabalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na gitti. Amerika\u2019da evlendi.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131: Vartanu\u015f<\/p>\n

Baba ad\u0131: Garabedyan<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum yeri: Harput<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f\u0131: 14<\/p>\n

Kabul tarihi: 11 May\u0131s 1923<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm ailesi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi. Babas\u0131 K\u00f6yn\u00fck\u2019te \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve kalanlar Bak\u0131r Maden\u2019e gitti. Vartanu\u015f yedi y\u0131l boyunca hizmet\u00e7ilik yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn evine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken annesi K\u00fcrtler taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nd\u0131. Vartanu\u015f bir daha annesinden haber alamad\u0131. Vartanu\u015f\u2019la ayn\u0131 evde Rum bir kad\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Kad\u0131n Vartanu\u015f\u2019un Ermeni oldu\u011funu anlay\u0131nca onu korumak istedi. Rum kad\u0131n onu annesinin Harput\u2019ta oldu\u011funa ikna etti ve e\u011fer kendisini takip ederse, onu annesine g\u00f6t\u00fcrece\u011fine s\u00f6z verdi. Vartanu\u015f kabul etti ve ikisi birlikte ayn\u0131 kasabadaki bir Rum ailenin yan\u0131na ka\u00e7t\u0131lar. Vartanu\u015f, Rum bir \u00e7ift\u00e7i gibi giyindi ve Rum kad\u0131nla yolculu\u011funa ba\u015flad\u0131. Asl\u0131nda kad\u0131n Vartanu\u015f\u2019un annesinin nerede oldu\u011funu bilmiyordu ancak onu ka\u00e7maya ikna etmenin yeg\u00e2ne yolu da buydu. Harput \u00fczerinden gelmeyip on g\u00fcnl\u00fck yolculuktan sonra Halep\u2019e ula\u015ft\u0131lar. Vartanu\u015f Halep\u2019te annesini ar\u0131yordu fakat onu bulamay\u0131nca bize geldi ve biz onu evimize ald\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Bildi\u011fimiz kadar\u0131yla hi\u00e7 akrabas\u0131 yok. Daha sonra annesi Halep\u2019e geldi ve o da onunla ya\u015famaya gitti. Ayn\u0131\u00a0 zamanda nak\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yaparak kendisine bak\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131mevinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131: 31 Ocak 1924. Nak\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 olarak kendisini ge\u00e7indiriyor.<\/p>\n

Halep\u2019te evlendi.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131: Z\u00fcmr\u00fct<\/p>\n

Baba ad\u0131: Garabed Gocanyan<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum yeri: Urfa<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f\u0131: 28<\/p>\n

Kabul tarihi: 16 A\u011fustos 1923<\/p>\n

Babas\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Annesi, iki k\u0131z karde\u015fi ve kendisi Rakka b\u00f6lgesine s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildiler. Oradan kafile Urfa\u2019ya y\u00f6neltildi. Z\u00fcmr\u00fct ve annesi kafile g\u00f6zden kaybolana kadar yerin alt\u0131ndaki bir \u00e7ukura sakland\u0131lar. Bunda sonra Haseke\u2019ye gittiler ve bir de\u011firmende kendilerine bir bar\u0131nak buldular. K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra annesi hastaland\u0131 ve \u00f6ld\u00fc. Araplar onu de\u011firmende buldular, k\u00f6ye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler ve bir tanesi onunla evlendi. D\u00f6rt ay sonra be\u015f koyuna bir ba\u015fka Arap\u2019a sat\u0131ld\u0131 ve onunla sekiz y\u0131l birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131. Tesad\u00fcfen oradan ge\u00e7mekte olan bir T\u00fcrk araba s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc onunla konu\u015ftu ve ona Ermeni oldu\u011funu, e\u011fer kendisi ile evlenmek isterse onu Araplardan kurtaraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Z\u00fcmr\u00fct onun s\u00f6zlerine inand\u0131 ve onunla Rakka\u2019ya gitti. Oraya ula\u015f\u0131nca Ermeniler, adam\u0131n Ermeni de\u011fil T\u00fcrk oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylediler. Z\u00fcmr\u00fct, ayn\u0131 gece yeni kocas\u0131ndan ka\u00e7t\u0131 ve bir Ermeni aileye gitti. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn burada tutuldu ve daha sonra bizim evimize g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n

Bildi\u011fimiz kadar\u0131yla hi\u00e7 akrabas\u0131 yok. Evimizdeki diki\u015f odas\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131mevinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131: 28 \u015eubat 1925. Kendisini ge\u00e7indiriyor. Tel Samen\u2019de bir Ermeni \u00e7ift\u00e7i ile evlendi.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131: Ovsanna<\/p>\n

Baba ad\u0131: Ha\u00e7adur Avakyan<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum yeri: Mezire, Harput<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f\u0131: 25<\/p>\n

Kabul tarihi: 11 Temmuz 1924<\/p>\n

Babas\u0131 Palu\u2019da avukatt\u0131. T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan iyi tan\u0131n\u0131yordu ve hatta birka\u00e7 kez T\u00fcrk valinin yoklu\u011funda vali vekilli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Buna ra\u011fmen Ermeni tehcirinden 15 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce hapse at\u0131ld\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda Palu yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra Ovsanna\u2019n\u0131n kocas\u0131 ve erkek karde\u015fi de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Ermeni tehciri ba\u015flad\u0131 fakat sonras\u0131nda s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmedi \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir T\u00fcrk yetkili onunla evlenmek istedi. Ovsanna b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcc\u00fc ile buna kar\u015f\u0131 koydu. Daha sonra bir yetkili gelip onunla zorla evlendi ve onu da yan\u0131na alarak Mardin\u2019e gitti. Kocas\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla yer de\u011fi\u015ftiriyordu ve onu da her zaman yan\u0131na al\u0131yordu. Mardin\u2019den ka\u00e7mak istedi fakat ba\u015faramad\u0131. Daha sonra Rasulayn\u2019a gittiler ve iki y\u0131l sonra Mardin\u2019e d\u00f6nd\u00fcler. Kocas\u0131 aniden hastaland\u0131 ve \u00f6ld\u00fc. Ovsanna rahatlad\u0131 ve onu Haseke\u2019ye g\u00f6nderecek olan Ermeni rahibe s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131. G\u00f6revlimiz onu yolda kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131 ve Der Zor\u2019a getirdi. Oradan da Haelp\u2019e geldi.<\/p>\n

Annesi ve bir erkek karde\u015fini Halep\u2019te bulduk.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131mevinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131: 12 Temmuz 1924. Akrabalar\u0131na.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131: Cemile<\/p>\n

Baba ad\u0131: Garuce Vanesyan<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum yeri: Antep<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f\u0131: 9<\/p>\n

Kabul tarihi: 3 Nisan 1925<\/p>\n

Bu zavall\u0131 k\u0131z\u0131n kaderi \u00e7ok \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 o bir genelevden kurtar\u0131ld\u0131 ve daha da ac\u0131kl\u0131s\u0131, oraya kendi \u00f6z annesi taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Zavall\u0131 kad\u0131n sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda i\u00e7ine i\u015fleyecek kadar \u00e7ok eziyet \u00e7ekti ve nihayetinde kocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra namus ve vicdan\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7ip geneleve gitti. Bu berbat yerde ya\u015fayan di\u011fer Ermeni kad\u0131nlarda h\u00e2l\u00e2 o kadar edep kalm\u0131\u015f olacak ki orada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011funu g\u00f6rmeye tahamm\u00fcl edemediler ve onu kiliseye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Bundan sonra onun sorumlulu\u011funu biz ald\u0131k ve annesi art\u0131k ne olursa olsun onun \u00fczerinde hak iddia edemez. Fakat tabii yine o onun annesi. \u00c7ocu\u011funu tutmak i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yolu deneyebilir, bu sebeple Cemile\u2019yi \u00fclkenin \u00f6b\u00fcr taraf\u0131ndaki bir yetimhaneye yerle\u015ftirmenin daha uygun oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fck. Bayan Frearson \u015fefkatle onu evine ald\u0131. Cemile \u015fimdi \u2018Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n Dostlar\u0131\u2019nca desteklenen Beyrut\u2019taki Bayan Frearson\u2019un yetimhanesinde.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131mevinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131: 15 Nisan 1925. Bayan Frearson\u2019un yetimhanesi.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131: Guhar Arabian<\/p>\n

Baba ad\u0131: Onnik<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum yeri: Bursa<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f\u0131: 26<\/p>\n

Kabul tarihi: 8 May\u0131s 1926<\/p>\n

Guhar, anne ve babas\u0131 ile birlikte s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. \u0130slahiye\u2019ye ula\u015f\u0131rken erkekler kafileden ayr\u0131ld\u0131lar, birbirlerine zincirlendiler ve biraz \u00f6teye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp hepsi kur\u015funa dizildiler. Kafilenin geri kalan\u0131 yola devam ettirildi ve Halep\u2019e ula\u015ft\u0131. Burda Guhar ve annesi bir f\u0131rsattan yararlan\u0131p kafileden ka\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar. Tehlike ge\u00e7ene kadar \u015fehirde sakland\u0131lar. Bir s\u00fcre sonra kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f ve onun \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen bir Ermeni ile evlendi. Der Zor b\u00f6lgesinde 11 y\u0131l birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131lar. Bizim taraf\u0131m\u0131zdan kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Marie, uzun zamand\u0131r kaybetmi\u015f oldu\u011fu kocas\u0131yla ilgili haber ald\u0131. Olay\u0131 soru\u015fturdu\u011fumuzda kocas\u0131n\u0131n 11 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Guhar\u2019\u0131n evlenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu ki\u015fi oldu\u011funa emin olduk. Konu Ermeni Kilisesi\u2019ne intikal etti. Kilise, Guhar\u2019\u0131n bo\u015fanmas\u0131na ve Marie\u2019nin kocas\u0131na d\u00f6nmesine karar verdi. Bu sebeple Marie\u2019yi verip Guhar\u2019\u0131 kurtarma evimize ald\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Babas\u0131n\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da bulduk ve onu babas\u0131 ile birlikte ya\u015famak \u00fczere g\u00f6nderdik.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131mevinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131: 10 May\u0131s 1926. Babas\u0131yla M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131: Maryam Pabu\u00e7yan<\/p>\n

Baba ad\u0131: Garabed<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum yeri: Arapgir<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f\u0131: 23<\/p>\n

Kabul tarihi: 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1926<\/p>\n

Babas\u0131 T\u00fcrk ordusunda askere al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra annesi, \u00fc\u00e7 erkek ve bir k\u0131z karde\u015fiyle Urfa\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi. Kafile birka\u00e7 hafta yol ald\u0131ktan sonra Der Zor\u2019a ula\u015ft\u0131. Orada bir Arap taraf\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve bir \u00c7ingene\u2019ye bir koyun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda verildi. \u00c7ingene onunla evlendi ve b\u00f6ylece Maryam h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k yaparak, fal bakarak ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bir g\u00fcn Halep\u2019teki teyzesi \u00e7ok kalabal\u0131k bir \u00c7ingene grubunun Halep\u2019e geldi\u011fini ve Maryam\u2019\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011funu duydu. Bilgi do\u011fruydu. Derhal bize gelip yard\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 istedi. Onu araban\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131na getirecek olan bir \u00c7ingene\u2019ye biraz para verdik. B\u00f6ylece daha kolay ve g\u00fcvenli ka\u00e7abilmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131mevinden ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131: 13 Eyl\u00fcl 1926. Halep\u2019te akrabalar\u0131yla birlikte.<\/p>\n

\u2018\u0130lk kez \u00e7ocuklar konu\u015fuyor\u2019<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n edit\u00f6rlerinden Dicle Akar ile Halep Kurtam Evi kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ne anlam ifade etti\u011fini konu\u015ftuk. Akar, \u201cBu tarihi olaylarla y\u00fczle\u015filmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece yenilerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 her zaman var olacakt\u0131r\u201ddiyor.<\/p>\n

Halep Kurtarma Evi kay\u0131tlar\u0131 sizce Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 literat\u00fcr\u00fcne nas\u0131l bir katk\u0131 niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor?<\/p>\n

Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok payda\u015f\u0131 var. Ma\u011fdurlar bu payda\u015flar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Onlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enleri hat\u0131ratlar\u0131ndan okuyoruz. Halep Kurtarma Evi kay\u0131tlar\u0131 da tarihi hat\u0131ratlar kategorisinde ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Halep Kurtarma Evi kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli k\u0131lan unsur, ilk kez \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n konu\u015fuyor olmas\u0131. Her ne kadar anlat\u0131mlarda arac\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u0219 olsa da 12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir k\u0131z\u0131, 16 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir genci, 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki tecav\u00fcz ma\u011fduru bir anneyi dinliyoruz.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki bine yak\u0131n yetimin hik\u00e2yesinin yetimler kurtulur kurtulmaz, s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131na kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u0219 olmas\u0131 ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Kay\u0131tlar bir \u00e7ok yetimin hik\u00e2yesini \u00f6zetliyor; bir yerden bir yere s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmelerini, aile bireylerini teker teker kaybetmelerini, ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131, esaretlerini, kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelelerini, \u00f6zetle ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 ter\u00f6r ve panik halini b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor.<\/p>\n

Yetimlerin kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u0219malar\u0131 Milletler Cemiyeti inisiyatifi ile yap\u0131lm\u0131\u0219 ve kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u0219 oldu\u011fundan bu kay\u0131tlar g\u00fcvenilir ar\u015fiv d\u00f6k\u00fcmanlard\u0131r. Kay\u0131tlar, kronolojik olarak ve ger\u00e7eklere ba\u011fl\u0131 kal\u0131narak tutulmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bir ka\u00e7 istisna\u00ee c\u00fcmle haricinde ki\u015fisel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelere yer verilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli husus, say\u0131lar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a az olmakla beraber, yetimlere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015f olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar hakk\u0131ndaki bilgilerin de kay\u0131tlarda bulunuyor olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bu kay\u0131tlar hem say\u0131sal olarak hem de i\u00e7erik olarak Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 hat\u0131ratlar\u0131nda bulmacan\u0131n eksik kalm\u0131\u015f olan bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ns\u00f6z\u2019\u00fcn sonunda \u201cYetimlerin 100 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 eziyetleri 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda dahi anlatmaya tahamm\u00fcl edemeyen zihniyet\u201d ifadesini kullan\u0131yorsunuz. Sizce bu tahamm\u00fcls\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn nedeni ya da nedenleri nelerdir?<\/p>\n

Dicle Akar<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda bu ifadeyi Ahmet Tetik ve Cihan G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in \u2018Halep S\u0131\u011f\u0131nma Evi 1922-1927\u2019 kitab\u0131nda yapm\u0131\u0219 olduklar\u0131 bariz ink\u00e2rc\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in bu kadar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kulland\u0131m. Kitapta, Ermeni yetimlerinin ya\u0219am\u0131\u0219 oldu\u011fu tarifi imkans\u0131z eziyet ve haks\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 sanki do\u011fal bir \u015feymi\u015f gibi sunarak hafifletme amac\u0131 \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k. Fail olmak a\u011f\u0131r bir y\u00fck. Bu, \u00e7ok anla\u0219\u0131l\u0131r bir durum. Ancak bu durum ink\u00e2r\u0131n abs\u00fcrdl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rtbas edemiyor. Toplumun geneli, kolay\u0131 se\u00e7ip resmi tezlerin de yard\u0131m\u0131 ile ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olan ger\u00e7eklikle aras\u0131nda kand\u0131rmaca bir ili\u0219ki kurmu\u015f durumda. Ma\u011fdurun ma\u011fduriyetini anlamaktansa, ma\u011fduriyeti \u00f6nemsizle\u015ftirmek, hatta hak etti\u011fi cezay\u0131 \u00e7ekti diye g\u00f6stermek daha kolay geliyor. Bir de, ger\u00e7ekleri konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flarsak ne gibi sorumluluklar\u0131m\u0131z olacak, neleri kaybedece\u011fiz diye korkanlar var.<\/p>\n

Elbette ki ge\u00e7mi\u0219te ya\u0219anan hi\u00e7 bir \u015feyin telafisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Ama ortada bir ma\u011fduriyet varsa, bunun en az\u0131ndan 100 y\u0131l sonra \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131lmadan konu\u015fulabilmesi gerekli diye d\u00fc\u0219\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Yetimlerin anlat\u0131lar\u0131nda 100 y\u0131ld\u0131r ink\u00e2r edilenlerin t\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rtmek i\u00e7in kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belgelerin hi\u00e7bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131lardan da anl\u0131yoruz. Resmi kay\u0131tlarda \u201casker aileleri s\u00fcr\u00fclmeyecek\u201d deniliyor. Oysa kay\u0131tlardan anl\u0131yoruz ki \u00e7ok say\u0131da asker ailesi s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Bir de, \u00e7ok say\u0131da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n Ermeni \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in evlerine ald\u0131klar\u0131na dair b\u00fcy\u00fck bir efsane var. Oysa kay\u0131tlardan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anl\u0131yoruz ki k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu haremlere kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, zorla evlendirilmi\u015f, k\u00f6le pazarlar\u0131nda sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu da kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da ailelerinin mallar\u0131na el koyulabilmesi i\u00e7in esir olarak tutulmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle, toplum olarak b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kla ve korkusuzca konu\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmemiz gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Baban\u0131z\u0131n 1937-38 Dersim katliam\u0131ndan sa\u011f kurtulanlardan birisi oldu\u011funu belirtiyorsunuz. Bir sosyal bilimci olarak, 1915 ile 1937-38 aras\u0131nda benzerlik ve\/veya s\u00fcreklilik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na nas\u0131l bak\u0131yorsunuz?<\/p>\n

Belirtmem gerekir ki, bu konularla yak\u0131ndan ilgileniyorum ama uzman\u0131 de\u011filim. Akademisyenler bu konu ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131yorlar ve ben de elimden geldi\u011fince takip ediyorum.<\/p>\n

En \u00f6nemli benzerlik 1915\u2019i ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren kadrolar\u0131n 1937-38\u2019de de aktif g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Kaya her iki katliamda da organizat\u00f6r ve uygulay\u0131c\u0131 olarak rol alm\u0131\u0219t\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminin asker-sivil b\u00fcrokrasisinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019nin b\u00fcrokrasisi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylersek yanl\u0131\u0219 yapm\u0131\u0219 olmay\u0131z.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki soyk\u0131r\u0131m aras\u0131ndaki en \u00f6nemli farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 katliamlar\u0131n uygulanma \u015fekillerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131nda, sivil halk katliama ve talana bilfiil kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015fken, Dersim katliam\u0131, askeri operasyonlarla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bu sebeple de bu iki katliam\u0131n anlat\u0131mlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n

Dersim\u2018in a\u015firet yap\u0131s\u0131, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan Amerika\u2019daki K\u0131z\u0131lderililerle benzerlik ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, ben Dersim katliam\u0131n\u0131 daha ziyade K\u0131z\u0131lderili katliam\u0131na benzetiyorum.<\/p>\n

Arada farkl\u0131l\u0131klar olsa da, 1937-38 Dersim katliam\u0131, 1915\u2019in devam\u0131d\u0131r. Bu tarihi olaylarla y\u00fczle\u015filmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece de yenilerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 her zaman var olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/22276\/soykirimdan-kurtulanlarin-sesine-kulak-verin<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ferda Balancar\u00a0 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda hayatta kalan Ermeni kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n kapat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 evlerden kurtar\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 ele alan \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar: Halep Kurtarma Evi Yetimleri\u2019 adl\u0131 kitap, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Milletler Cemiyeti taraf\u0131ndan 1921\u2019de Halep\u2019te kurulan Halep Kurtarma Evi’nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, gelen kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enlerin not edildi\u011fi \u00f6zel kay\u0131t defterleri tutmu\u015ftu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0130sv\u00e7ire\u2019nin Cenevre kentindeki Milletler Cemiyeti […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":52259,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler"],"yoast_head":"\nSoyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar\u2019\u0131n sesine kulak verin - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar\u2019\u0131n sesine kulak verin - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ferda Balancar\u00a0 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda hayatta kalan Ermeni kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n kapat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 evlerden kurtar\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 ele alan \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar: Halep Kurtarma Evi Yetimleri\u2019 adl\u0131 kitap, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 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Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar\u2019\u0131n sesine kulak verin - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Ferda Balancar\u00a0 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda hayatta kalan Ermeni kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n kapat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 evlerden kurtar\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 ele alan \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar: Halep Kurtarma Evi Yetimleri\u2019 adl\u0131 kitap, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Milletler Cemiyeti taraf\u0131ndan 1921\u2019de Halep\u2019te kurulan Halep Kurtarma Evi’nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, gelen kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enlerin not edildi\u011fi \u00f6zel kay\u0131t defterleri tutmu\u015ftu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0130sv\u00e7ire\u2019nin Cenevre kentindeki Milletler Cemiyeti […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2019-04-08T09:56:01+00:00","article_modified_time":"2019-04-08T09:57:15+00:00","og_image":[{"width":702,"height":526,"url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2019\/04\/Yetimhaneye-ulasmis-cocuklar-toplu-halde-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"16 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"headline":"Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar\u2019\u0131n sesine kulak verin","datePublished":"2019-04-08T09:56:01+00:00","dateModified":"2019-04-08T09:57:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256"},"wordCount":3290,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2019\/04\/Yetimhaneye-ulasmis-cocuklar-toplu-halde-1.jpg","articleSection":["Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131","Haberler","Kitaplar-Ele\u015ftiriler"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=52256","name":"Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar\u2019\u0131n sesine kulak verin - 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