{"id":50138,"date":"2018-12-13T02:53:26","date_gmt":"2018-12-13T07:53:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138"},"modified":"2018-12-13T02:53:26","modified_gmt":"2018-12-13T07:53:26","slug":"sovyet-tarihciler-kemalizmin-uzun-omurlu-olmayacagini-dusunuyordu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138","title":{"rendered":"Sovyet tarih\u00e7iler Kemalizm\u2019in uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

American University of Armenia\u2019da Siyaset ve Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkiler B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan tarih\u00e7i Vahram Ter-Matevosyan ayn\u0131 zamanda Ermenistan Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi\u2019nde T\u00fcrkiye \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn eski ba\u015fkan\u0131. Ter-Matevosyan son olarak \u2018Turkey, Kemalism and the Soviet Union: Problems of Modernization, Ideology and Interpretation\u2019 (T\u00fcrkiye, Kemalizm ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi: Modernizasyon, \u0130deoloji ve Yorumlama Meseleleri) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kitap kalemle ald\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki ay Londra\u2019da Palgrave Macmillan Yay\u0131nevi\u2019nden \u00e7\u0131kacak. Ter-Matevosyan ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deydi. Yeni kitab\u0131 vesilesiyle kendisiyle bir s\u00f6yle\u015fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdik.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

VARDUH\u0130 BALYAN-YETVART DANZ\u0130KYAN<\/strong><\/p>\n

YD: Yeni kitab\u0131n\u0131z Kemalizm ve Sovyet h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Kemalizm\u2019e bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerine. Alanda nas\u0131l bir eksiklikten yola \u00e7\u0131karak b\u00f6yle bir kitaba \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya karar verdiniz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Cumhuriyet tarihine merak duyan herkes i\u00e7in Kemalizm\u2019i, onun d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerini anlamadan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tarihinin anla\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 a\u015fik\u00e2r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tarihini, siyasi geli\u015fmelerini, devrim ve darbelerini hepsini anlamak laz\u0131m. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ilk merak duymaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m zamanlar yani postmodern darbe oldu\u011fu 1997\u2019den beri, Kemalizm ve di\u011fer siyasi ideolojiler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eki\u015fmelerin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki siyasal s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin temelini olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131m. Sonraki 10-15 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde Kemalizm\u2019i, siyasal \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. Kemalizm\u2019e d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zle bakan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n eksik oldu\u011funu fark ettim. Kemalizm\u2019i konu alan, onu ilham kayna\u011f\u0131, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 i\u00e7in iyi bir \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6ren, \u00f6vg\u00fc \u015feklinde Bat\u0131 kaynaklarda eksiklik yoktu. Enteresan bir \u015fekilde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131n\u0131n, yani Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri kaynaklarda pek yoktu. 1920\u2019lerde Rus, Ermeni bas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131mda bu kaynaklar\u0131n Kemalizm tarihini ara\u015ft\u0131ran \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Ba\u015fta belki de kaynaklar \u00e7ok fazla de\u011fildir diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. 1920-30\u2019lar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye tarihi genel olarak Bat\u0131 paradigmas\u0131 \u00fczerine kurulu. Sovyet izi devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015f. Ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m kaynaklar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye tarihi ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Zira Sovyetler Birli\u011fi o d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olan \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi en iyi bilen \u00fclke. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi hep odak merkezinde tutmu\u015f. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc el\u00e7ili\u011finin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki el\u00e7ilik olmas\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil. Onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler de durmam\u0131\u015f. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki geli\u015fmelerden hep \u00e7ok iyi haberdar olmu\u015ftur. Onlar i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tamamen \u0130ngiliz-Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131na ge\u00e7memesi \u00f6nemliydi. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, siyasi \u00e7\u0131karlar, ayn\u0131 zamanda Kemalizm\u2019i konu alan bir\u00e7ok dikkat \u00e7ekici \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara neden olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrkiye resmi tarih anlat\u0131m\u0131nda Kemalizm teriminin ilk 1929\u2019da kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Fakat 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sovyet tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131nda Kemalizm terimiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yoruz.
\n1926 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Kemalizm\u2019e \u00e7ok olumlu, burjuva devrimine kar\u015f\u0131 bir ad\u0131m olarak bak\u0131l\u0131yor. 1926\u2019da Stalin Kemalizm\u2019in resmi tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 veriyor. Ve bu kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f tan\u0131m haline geliyor, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde kimse bu tan\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kamaz oluyor. Bu olay da \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7: \u00c7inli \u00f6\u011frencilerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen Stalin kendisi bir soru soruyor: \u201cKemalizm hakk\u0131nda ben ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum?\u201d Sonras\u0131nda da tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 veriyor. T\u00fcrk tarihinde bu sayfalar pek ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye, Kemalizm\u2019e yeni yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen olayd\u0131r bu.
\nO d\u00f6nemde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bilim insanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma da hayli ilgin\u00e7. Bu gerginlik, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, \u00c7ar d\u00f6neminden gelen tarih\u00e7iler ve yeni Bol\u015fevik tarih\u00e7iler aras\u0131ndayd\u0131.. \u00c7\u0131kan bu anla\u015fmazl\u0131kta d\u00fc\u015fmanlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve Kemalizm\u2019in tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle \u00c7arl\u0131k d\u00f6neminden bir\u00e7ok bilim adam\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Sovyetler Birli\u011fi el\u00e7ili\u011finde bulunmu\u015f birka\u00e7 ki\u015fi de sonras\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131na \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi-T\u00fcrkiye ili\u015fkileri 1920-30\u2019lu y\u0131llarda ac\u0131 sayfalarla dolu.
\nBir de Kemalizm\u2019e d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 merak etmeme son zamanlarda yay\u0131nlanan baz\u0131 kitaplar vesile oldu. Biri Stefan \u0130hrig\u2019in \u2018Naziler ve Atat\u00fcrk\u2019 kitab\u0131yd\u0131. Burada Hitler\u2019in ve Nasyonal Sosyalizm\u2019in Kemalizm\u2019den nas\u0131l ilham ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131yor. Fransa\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan bir ba\u015fka kitap \u201cSevilen Diktat\u00f6r\u201d ise Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Kemalizm\u2019den ilham almas\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Yani Kemalizm tarihine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bir tek Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ele\u015ftirel bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Almanya T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi nihayetinde yan\u0131na \u00e7ekti\u011finde Sovyetler Birli\u011fi bu konuda endi\u015fe duymaya ba\u015flad\u0131.
\nSonra 1945 y\u0131l\u0131na geliyoruz, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den Kars ve Ardahan\u2019\u0131 talep ediyor ve ili\u015fkiler daha geriliyor. Sovyetler\u2019de Kemalizm\u2019i \u00f6venler bile bundan sonra ona fa\u015fizm olarak bakmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Burada jeopolitik durumun ideolojiyi nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini g\u00f6zlemliyoruz.
\n1950\u2019lerde olumsuz yakla\u015f\u0131m hakim olmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

YD: 1950\u2019lerde Stalin\u2019in d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki Ermenileri Sovyet Ermenistan\u0131\u2019na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rma politikas\u0131 var. Bu konu burada \u2018Stalin Ermenileri toplay\u0131p Kars\u2019a ve Ardahan\u2019a bask\u0131 kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u2019 diye anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Siz de \u00f6yle mi g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Evet, \u00f6yle bir \u015fey vard\u0131. 1945-53 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den toprak taleplerini iyice inceledim. Bunun Sovyetler Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc organize edilmi\u015f bir ad\u0131m oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

YD: Sovyetler Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan m\u0131 sadece Stalin taraf\u0131ndan m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Stalin ve baz\u0131 ki\u015filer diyebiliriz. Kom\u00fcnist Partisi\u2019nden \u00fcst d\u00fczey baz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n akl\u0131na esmi\u015f bir fikirdi. El\u00e7ilerin, d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanlar\u0131n\u0131n mektupla\u015fmalar\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Stalin\u2019in akl\u0131na gelen bir fikir \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar, sonras\u0131nda zaten ili\u015fkiler daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcye gidiyor, T\u00fcrkler ise tamamen Amerika yanda\u015f\u0131 oluyor.<\/p>\n

1950-1960 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi-T\u00fcrkiye ili\u015fkileri \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fcyd\u00fc. Birbirlerini ele\u015ftiriyorlard\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki olaylara \u00f6zellikle milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin y\u00fckseli\u015fine Sovyetler b\u00fcy\u00fck endi\u015fe ile bak\u0131yordu. 1960\u2019larda ili\u015fkilerde ilerleme oluyor ve Kemalizm\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin de yava\u015f yava\u015f olumlu y\u00f6ne kayd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve akademik mecraya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. 1960\u2019lara kadar Kemalizm\u2019e bak\u0131\u015f daha \u00e7ok ideolojikti, bundan sonra akademik olarak da ele al\u0131nmaya ba\u015flar.
\nKemalizm\u2019e dair genel bilimsel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olmamas\u0131 \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7. Bir Azerbaycanl\u0131 akademisyen konuyu ele al\u0131yor, onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda pek yok. \u015eimdi kitab\u0131n amac\u0131 Kemalizm\u2019in uluslar\u00f6tesi tarihini ele almak. Fransa\u2019da yak\u0131nda \u2018Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu ve Balkanlar\u2019\u0131n Kemalizm\u2019e Bak\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 konu alan yeni bir kitap \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Kitapta sadece Sovyetlerin Kemalizm\u2019e bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Kemalizm\u2019in tarihini vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. 1920-1970\u2019ler zaman dilimini ele alan kitap 8 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden ibaret. 5-6 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde sadece tarihi de\u011fil Kemalizm\u2019in d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ele ald\u0131m, Kemalizm\u2019in ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda var olan eksikleri, sorunlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yorum. Ve bu a\u00e7\u0131klardan biri de Kemalizm\u2019in 1930\u2019larda ve sonras\u0131nda d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mla hareket ettim.<\/p>\n

VB: Kitap 1920-1970 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131yor. Bu zaman dilimini se\u00e7menizin nedeni neydi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015e\u00f6yle ki, 1980 darbesi sonras\u0131 topluma Kemalizm dayat\u0131lmas\u0131 farkl\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle yap\u0131l\u0131yordu, vurgular\u0131 farkl\u0131yd\u0131 ve 1920-30 y\u0131llar\u0131nda dayat\u0131lan Kemalizm\u2019den \u00e7ok farkl\u0131yd\u0131. 1980\u2019lerden 1995\u2019e kadar CHP \u00e7ok y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f vaziyetteydi ve o s\u0131ralar Kemalizm belli belirsiz bir \u015feydi. Ve bir di\u011fer nedeni de Sovyetler Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan 1970\u2019lerden sonra Kemalizm \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f. 1975-76 y\u0131llarda Sovyet tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131nda Kemalizm \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar son buluyor diyebiliriz. Fakat Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde Kemalizm hep g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde. Hatta 1976-1977 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00f6zel idari kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in \u201cKemalizm\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kitap yay\u0131nlan\u0131yor. Bu bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma de\u011fildi daha ziyade o zamana kadar Kemalizm \u00fczerine yay\u0131nlanan b\u00fct\u00fcn ara\u015ft\u0131rma, kitaplar\u0131n s\u0131raland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kaynak\u00e7a. 1980-1990 Sovyetler Birli\u011fi de yoktu art\u0131k o y\u00fczden 1970\u2019lerde bitirmeye karar verdim. 1980\u2019ler \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 siyasi, ideolojik, jeopolitik fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131, o y\u00fczden onu bu kitapta ele almad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

VB: Stalin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinden birisinde Kemalizm tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015f dediniz. Yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak nas\u0131l bir tan\u0131m bu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f devrimden dolay\u0131 \u00e7ok mutluyuz. Ancak bu hen\u00fcz tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f ve k\u00f6yl\u00fc devrimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde ancak tamamlanm\u0131\u015f olur\u201d Yani Marksist-Leninist yakla\u015f\u0131m. Bir de Aral\u0131k 1920\u2019den sonra Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 terk etmi\u015f Ta\u015fnaklar\u0131n Kemalizm\u2019e bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan ilgin\u00e7 mektupla\u015fmalar var. \u0130ki \u00fcst d\u00fczey Ta\u015fnak siyaset\u00e7i (biri Birinci Ermenistan Cumhuriyeti D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131) iki ay boyunca mektupla\u015farak Kemalizm\u2019in gelece\u011fini tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Biri Kemalizm\u2019in yak\u0131nda sona erece\u011fini s\u00f6ylerken, di\u011feri ise Kemalizm\u2019in 50 sene boyunca pi\u015fen ideolojik ak\u0131mlar\u0131n sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olgun ideoloji oldu\u011fu ve ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiriyor. Yani Ta\u015fnaklar\u0131n Kemalizm\u2019i nas\u0131l g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de kitapta ele al\u0131n\u0131yor. Kitapta sadece Sovyetler Birli\u011fi veya Rusya\u2019n\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, Ermenilerin de olaya nas\u0131l bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

YD: Sovyet Rusya genel olarak Kemalizm\u2019e siyasi a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131yor ve oradan inceliyor. Bir de Kemalizm\u2019i ideolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan inceleyen ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar var m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

1926-27\u2019ye kadar daha bilimsel bir yakla\u015f\u0131m g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. 1890\u2019lardan beri \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya\u2019da iki bilim merkezi vard\u0131 St. Petersburg\u2019da ve Moskova\u2019da. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi kuruldu\u011funda bir\u00e7ok bilim insan\u0131 Do\u011fu\u2019yu ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya devam ediyor ve bilimsel yakla\u015f\u0131m kal\u0131yor. 1926\u2019dan sonra ise yakla\u015f\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fiyor. O y\u0131la kadar Kemalizm\u2019i ideoloji olarak ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorlar. Bulgulara dayal\u0131, Marksizm-Leninizm\u2019den uzak bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sergileniyor. Ondan sonra antiemperyalist terminoloji yer almaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Sovyet tarih\u00e7ilerinin Kemalizm\u2019e s\u0131n\u0131fsal \u00e7eki\u015fme olarak, elit bir ideoloji olarak bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun da uzun s\u00fcrmeyece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. K\u00f6yler modernle\u015fmedi\u011fi, her \u015fey \u015fehir merkezli oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu ideolojinin \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn uzun olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyorlar. Asl\u0131nda haks\u0131z olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fck, zira art\u0131k 1950\u2019lerde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de muhafazakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tavan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u015fahit olduk. Demokrat Parti, ard\u0131ndan Adalet Partisi, Milli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u2019\u00fcn y\u00fckseli\u015fi ile bu durumun devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 da sa\u011flan\u0131yor. Bat\u0131 imrenerek yakla\u015fsa da Kemalizm\u2019in burjuvaziye, emperyalizme dayal\u0131 olmas\u0131 g\u00f6zard\u0131 edilmi\u015f. Ve s\u0131n\u0131fsal yakla\u015f\u0131m Sovyet tarih\u00e7ilerine bu ideolojiyi iyice anlamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015f.
\n1920\u2019lerin ortas\u0131nda \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Kemalizm modelini \u00c7in\u2019de uygulamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Burada fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131yor: Tro\u00e7ki ve Tro\u00e7kistler Kemalizm\u2019in model olarak ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerde, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7in\u2019de uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunurken Stalin buna kat\u0131lm\u0131yor, Kemalizm\u2019in burjuva devrimi oldu\u011funu, e\u011fer gelecekte ba\u015far\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lan\u0131rsa ancak, o modelin ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerde uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde. Kemalizm iyice ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir konu fakat Sovyet yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ele alan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hen\u00fcz yap\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kitap i\u00e7in belli bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama koymak zorundayd\u0131m ve bir\u00e7ok konuyu derinlemesine ele alamad\u0131m. Ama \u00f6rne\u011fin \u00c7in tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131nda Kemalizm yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 incelemek \u00f6nemli, umar\u0131m tarih\u00e7iler buna \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Benim kitab\u0131m yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, konular i\u00e7in kap\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131yor. Hindistan\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Kemalizm\u2019e yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na yer verdim kitapta, ancak derinlemesine de\u011fil. \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Kemalizm\u2019i \u00e7ok olumlu bir \u015fey, ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Sadece Sovyetler Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan ele\u015ftirel bak\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz, o da ideolojik ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/21679\/sovyet-tarihciler-kemalizmin-uzun-omurlu-olmayacagini-dusunuyordu<\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

American University of Armenia\u2019da Siyaset ve Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkiler B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan tarih\u00e7i Vahram Ter-Matevosyan ayn\u0131 zamanda Ermenistan Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi\u2019nde T\u00fcrkiye \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn eski ba\u015fkan\u0131. Ter-Matevosyan son olarak \u2018Turkey, Kemalism and the Soviet Union: Problems of Modernization, Ideology and Interpretation\u2019 (T\u00fcrkiye, Kemalizm ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi: Modernizasyon, \u0130deoloji ve Yorumlama Meseleleri) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kitap kalemle ald\u0131. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":50140,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54,71,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nSovyet tarih\u00e7iler Kemalizm\u2019in uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu\u2019 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sovyet tarih\u00e7iler Kemalizm\u2019in uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu\u2019 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"American University of Armenia\u2019da Siyaset ve Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkiler B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan tarih\u00e7i Vahram Ter-Matevosyan ayn\u0131 zamanda Ermenistan Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi\u2019nde T\u00fcrkiye \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn eski ba\u015fkan\u0131. Ter-Matevosyan son olarak \u2018Turkey, Kemalism and the Soviet Union: Problems of Modernization, Ideology and Interpretation\u2019 (T\u00fcrkiye, Kemalizm ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi: Modernizasyon, \u0130deoloji ve Yorumlama Meseleleri) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kitap kalemle ald\u0131. 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Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Sovyet tarih\u00e7iler Kemalizm\u2019in uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu\u2019 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"American University of Armenia\u2019da Siyaset ve Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkiler B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan tarih\u00e7i Vahram Ter-Matevosyan ayn\u0131 zamanda Ermenistan Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi\u2019nde T\u00fcrkiye \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn eski ba\u015fkan\u0131. Ter-Matevosyan son olarak \u2018Turkey, Kemalism and the Soviet Union: Problems of Modernization, Ideology and Interpretation\u2019 (T\u00fcrkiye, Kemalizm ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi: Modernizasyon, \u0130deoloji ve Yorumlama Meseleleri) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kitap kalemle ald\u0131. […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2018-12-13T07:53:26+00:00","og_image":[{"width":300,"height":421,"url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/12\/Vahram-Ter-Matevosyan-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"11 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"headline":"Sovyet tarih\u00e7iler Kemalizm\u2019in uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu\u2019","datePublished":"2018-12-13T07:53:26+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138"},"wordCount":2136,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/12\/Vahram-Ter-Matevosyan-1.jpg","articleSection":["Haberler","Kitaplar-Ele\u015ftiriler","M\u00fclakatlar","Tarih Sayfalar\u0131"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=50138","name":"Sovyet tarih\u00e7iler Kemalizm\u2019in uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu\u2019 - 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