{"id":48205,"date":"2018-08-29T03:44:42","date_gmt":"2018-08-29T08:44:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205"},"modified":"2018-08-29T03:44:42","modified_gmt":"2018-08-29T08:44:42","slug":"aydere-ve-tum-yaylalara-ihanete-devam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205","title":{"rendered":"Ayder\u2019e ve t\u00fcm yaylalara \u2018ihanet\u2019e devam!"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Cemil Aksu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir kere, yayla, mera gibi hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde, kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir ki\u015fiye m\u00fclk olarak devredilemeyecek alanlar\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015ftereklerin, \u201cimar aff\u0131\u201d ile sat\u0131\u015f\u0131, t\u00fcm yurtta\u015flara, hatta d\u00fcnyadaki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara ve de canl\u0131lara ait olan baz\u0131 insanlara devri demektir. Bu di\u011fer insanlar\u0131n ve canl\u0131lar\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasp\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu yaz Karadeniz\u2019deki yaylalarda insan ve ara\u00e7 trafi\u011finden ad\u0131m atacak yer bulamayan, saatlerce trafik kuyru\u011funda bekleyenler, ine\u011fini otlatamayan, yaylac\u0131l\u0131k yapamayan yerliler hep beraber darlan\u0131rken, bir taraftan da \u201cimar aff\u0131\u201d ile yaylada kendine yer kapmak ya da zaten kapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerin ruhsat\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015fanlar vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Saray Partisi\u2019nin ba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan, Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinin en me\u015fhur yaylas\u0131 olan Ayder i\u00e7in, \u201cAllah\u2019\u0131n bize verdi\u011fi Ayder bamba\u015fka, ama biz Ayder\u2019i kirlettik, rezil ettik\u201d demi\u015fti. Ard\u0131ndan da \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 S\u00fcleyman Soylu, \u201c1 Ocak 2017 tarihinden itibaren yaylalar\u0131m\u0131zda ka\u00e7ak bin 750\u2019nin \u00fczerinde yap\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. 1 Ocak 2017 tarihinden itibaren yap\u0131lanlar y\u0131k\u0131lacak. Hi\u00e7 kimse kusura bakmas\u0131n. Bin 750-bin 750. Hi\u00e7 kimse kusura bakmas\u0131n. Biz buray\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fimizden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z emaneti kirleterek gelece\u011fimize b\u0131rakamay\u0131z. Bunlar tek tek y\u0131k\u0131lacaklar\u201d diye konu\u015fmu\u015ftu. Hemen ard\u0131ndan da \u201ckentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u201d canavar\u0131 TOK\u0130 devreye sokuldu, Ayder i\u00e7in de bir \u201cd\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u201d projesi yapma talimat\u0131 verilmi\u015fti. TOK\u0130\u2019nin, yayla sezonunun bitece\u011fi Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131ndan itibaren uygulamaya ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 \u201cd\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm projesi\u201dnin detaylar\u0131 da ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz hafta a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hem imar aff\u0131 hem d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fakat bu arada ba\u015fka bir geli\u015fme oldu. \u201c\u0130mar aff\u0131\u201d. Se\u00e7imlerden hemen \u00f6nce tahminen 13 milyon ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131ya, yani imar planlar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya da \u201chazine arazisi\u201d, ormanl\u0131k alan, park, mera ve yayla gibi \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyete ait olmayan yerlere yap\u0131lan binalara vb. yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 verilerek, daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan idari ve para cezas\u0131 i\u015flemleri iptal edildi.<\/p>\n

Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n \u201cihanet\u201d \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerine, Trabzon\u2019da 1750, Giresun\u2019da 1700, Rize\u2019de 350, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane\u2019de ise 306 olmak \u00fczere toplam 4 bin 106 ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eimdi ise hepsi affedildi. Yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalara g\u00f6re ilk bir ayda 2 milyonu a\u015fk\u0131n ki\u015fi \u201cimar aff\u0131\u201d i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftu. Trabzon\u2019da 42 bin, Giresun\u2019da 13 bin 500, Rize\u2019de 8 bin 700 ile Artvin\u2019de 5 bin dolay\u0131nda ba\u015fvuru yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi. Aftan sadece daha \u00f6nce ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131 yapanlar de\u011fil, ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcresi dolana kadar i\u015fini bitirenler de yararlan\u0131yor. Bu f\u0131rsattan ka\u00e7ak kat \u00e7\u0131kmak isteyen, yaylaya ev yapmak isteyen kim varsa har\u0131l har\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Karadeniz\u2019deki b\u00fct\u00fcn yaylalar yaz boyunca \u015fantiye alan\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi ise TOK\u0130 sahnede. Yeni projeyle 750 ara\u00e7l\u0131k otopark, otel ve pansiyon alanlar\u0131, seyir teraslar\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcbirlik e\u011flence alanlar\u0131, \u00e7ad\u0131r ve kamp b\u00f6lgeleri ile giri\u015f-\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131 belirlendi. Ziyaret\u00e7iler, buradaki tramb\u00fcslerle yayla merkezine ula\u015facak. Ula\u015f\u0131m sorununa \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak yaylan\u0131n alt kodunda \u00e7ift y\u00f6nl\u00fc yeni yol yap\u0131lacak. Ayder Yaylas\u0131 ve civardaki Ausor, H\u00fcser ve Kavron yaylalar\u0131na gitmek isteyenler bu yolu kullanacak. Yaylaya ara\u00e7 giri\u015fi s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lacak. Yaylada dikey yerine en fazla iki katl\u0131 yatay yap\u0131lar in\u015fa edilecek.<\/p>\n

Peki bu proje hangi soruna \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olacak? Zaten \u201cb\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z yaps\u0131nlar b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7sinler\u201d mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u201cyanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fini g\u00f6ren\u201dler, Ayder\u2019deki ve di\u011fer yaylalardaki b\u00fct\u00fcn ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131lara ruhsat verdikten sonra, bu ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131lar\u0131 hangi hakla y\u0131kacaklar? Ayder\u2019in sorunu sadece peyzaj\/g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcden mi ibaret? \u0130nsan ve ara\u00e7 trafi\u011finin ve yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik sorunlar nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclecek? Bir Ayder\u2019i kurtarmakla (ki bu TOK\u0130 projesi ile sadece g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kurtar\u0131l\u0131yor) F\u0131rt\u0131na vadisindeki ve Karadeniz\u2019in b\u00fct\u00fcn vadilerinde ve yaylalar\u0131ndaki ekolojik tahribat\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne nas\u0131l ge\u00e7ilecek?<\/p>\n

Bu ve benzeri sorular\u0131n bir cevab\u0131 yok. Zaten ne iktidar\u0131n ne TOK\u0130\u2019nin ne de rant pe\u015findeki giri\u015fimcilerin ekoloji, iklim krizi gibi dertleri var. Onlar\u0131 ilgilendiren tek \u015fey rant, para, kar. Ne \u201cimar aff\u0131\u201d ile binlerce ki\u015finin \u201ci\u015fini g\u00f6rmeleri\u201dnin ne de g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc kurtaracak TOK\u0130 projelerinin y\u00f6re halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumakla, onlara ekonomik katk\u0131 sunmakla da alakas\u0131 var.<\/p>\n

Bir kere, yayla, mera gibi hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde, kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir ki\u015fiye m\u00fclk olarak devredilemeyecek alanlar\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015ftereklerin,\u00a0 \u201cimar aff\u0131\u201d ile sat\u0131\u015f\u0131, t\u00fcm yurtta\u015flara, hatta d\u00fcnyadaki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara ve de canl\u0131lara ait olan baz\u0131 insanlara devri demektir. Bu di\u011fer insanlar\u0131n ve canl\u0131lar\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasp\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer taraftan, Ayder gibi, ekoloji a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli do\u011fa alanlar\u0131n\u0131n, yaylalar\u0131n, meralar\u0131n baz\u0131 yurtta\u015flar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 i\u00e7in metala\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 kabul edilemez. Ekolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli yerler \u00fczerinde sadece bir devletin egemenli\u011fi de kabul edilemez. Ekoloji bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr ve devletlerin egemenlik s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 iklim krizi i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u201cS\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma\u201d i\u00e7in turizme bel ba\u011flanan Do\u011fu Karadeniz, k\u00fcresel olarak ekolojik de\u011feri son derece y\u00fcksek bir b\u00f6lge oldu\u011fu bilinen bir ger\u00e7ektir. Do\u011fu Karadeniz Da\u011flar\u0131, Kafkasya Ekolojik B\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7erisinde uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte tan\u0131nan ve koruma de\u011feri y\u00fcksek bir b\u00f6lge olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya Do\u011fay\u0131 Koruma Vakf\u0131 (WWF), BirdLife ve Wetlans gibi uluslararas\u0131 do\u011fa kurulu\u015flar\u0131, b\u00f6lgenin \u0131l\u0131man ku\u015fak ormanlar\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcnyadaki savunmas\u0131z 200 \u00f6nemli karasal ekolojik b\u00f6lgeden (Global 200 Ecoregion) biri olarak belirlemi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131n\u0131n da i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu Kafkasya Ekolojik B\u00f6lgesi, do\u011fal \u0131l\u0131man ku\u015fak ormanlar\u0131, zengin biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi, y\u00fcksek endemizmi ile d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli 25 ekolojik b\u00f6lgesinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. \u201cDo\u011fal ya\u015fl\u0131 ormanlar ve di\u011fer biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyada \u00e7ok az kalm\u0131\u015f olan el de\u011fmemi\u015f dere sistemleri (intact river) ile birlikte son derece y\u00fcksek oranda korundu\u011fu F\u0131rt\u0131na Vadisi Ormanlar\u0131; WWF, UNEP ve IUCN gibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck do\u011fa koruma kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kurdu\u011fu \u201cD\u00fcnya Koruma \u0130zleme Merkezi\u201d taraf\u0131ndan Avrupa\u2019daki \u201cdaha iyi korunmaya acil ihtiyac\u0131 olan 100 orman\u201d (100 Forest Hotspots)\u2019dan biri olarak ilan edilmi\u015ftir.\u201d Bu alanlar, uluslararas\u0131 Do\u011fa Koruma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (CI) taraf\u0131ndan da yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn en \u00f6nemli biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe ve bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra en \u00e7ok tehdit alt\u0131ndaki 34 s\u0131cak b\u00f6lgesi aras\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Do\u011fu Karadeniz Da\u011flar\u0131, ayr\u0131ca \u00d6nemli Do\u011fa Alan\u0131 (\u00d6DA) ve \u00d6nemli Ku\u015f Alan\u0131 (\u00d6KA) kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. Bu kadar koruma de\u011feri y\u00fcksek olan b\u00f6lgede; 4 Milli Park, 4 Tabiat\u0131 Koruma Alan\u0131, 13 Tabiat Park\u0131 ve 10 Tabiat An\u0131t\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yine b\u00f6lgenin farkl\u0131 yerlerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli stat\u00fclere sahip do\u011fal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel S\u0130T alanlar\u0131 mevcuttur.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ekolojik alanlar turizm ve\/ya ekoturizm ad\u0131na her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131k durumdad\u0131r. Ve gittik\u00e7e artan oranda insan ak\u0131n\u0131na u\u011framaktad\u0131r. Rize\u2019nin turist say\u0131s\u0131 geli\u015fimine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda 496 bin 546 iken, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu say\u0131 690 bin 348 olarak yedi y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre\u00e7te y\u00fczde 39 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Ekolojik de\u011feri bu kadar \u00f6nemli F\u0131rt\u0131na vadisine gelen toplam ziyaret\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 600 bin civar\u0131nda iken, 2011\u2019de 1.2 milyon ki\u015finin \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Alana eri\u015fim sa\u011flayan ziyaret\u00e7ilerin say\u0131s\u0131 belirli g\u00fcn ve aylarda yo\u011funla\u015farak vadideki ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesinin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, di\u011fer g\u00fcnlerde veya aylarda yo\u011funlu\u011fun ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesinin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tespit edilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 2009 y\u0131l\u0131 festival d\u00f6neminde sadece \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnde vadiye eri\u015fim yapan ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 29 bin, ziyaret\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 160 bin bir di\u011fer ifadeyle vadiye 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda eri\u015fim yapan toplam ziyaret\u00e7inin y\u00fczde 16\u2019s\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnl\u00fck festival d\u00f6neminde alana eri\u015fim sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine 2011 y\u0131l\u0131 Ramazan bayram\u0131 d\u00f6neminde bayram\u0131n ikinci g\u00fcn\u00fc alana giri\u015f yapan ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 bin, ziyaret\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 bin ki\u015fi civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir \u00f6nemi olmayan \u00e7imlerde, her taraftaki a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n alt\u0131nda geli\u015fi g\u00fczel dola\u015fmak, piknik yapmak, kamp kurmak vb. sonucu erozyon, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc kirlili\u011fi, flora ve faunan\u0131n tahrip edilmesi, kat\u0131 at\u0131k ve \u00e7\u00f6p sorunu gibi pek \u00e7ok \u00e7evresel sorunlar olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ekolojik de\u011feri y\u00fcksek bu alanlarda ziyaret\u00e7i yo\u011funlu\u011funun artmas\u0131 ile birlikte toprakta bulunan bitkiler i\u00e7in yaray\u0131\u015f\u0131 su, toplam g\u00f6zeneklilik, ge\u00e7irgenlik, k\u00fcm\u00fclative infiltrasyon, toprak organik maddesi de\u011ferlerinin azalmas\u0131na; hacim a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, solma noktas\u0131ndaki nem ve toprak s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek vd.\u00a0 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada F\u0131rt\u0131na vadisi i\u00e7indeki Ayder turizm merkezinde ziyaret\u00e7i trafi\u011finin ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesinin \u00e7ok \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu ve bunun \u00f6zel g\u00fcnlerde alarm seviyesine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Turizm alanlar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen regreasyonel faaliyetler, topraklar\u0131n fiziksel ve hidrofiziksel \u00f6zellikleri \u00fczerinde tahrip edici olumsuz etkilere sahiptir. Ziyaret\u00e7ilerin ekosistem \u00fczerindeki farkl\u0131 hareketleri (dola\u015fma, \u00e7im kaya\u011f\u0131, horon, vb) sonucu toprak \u00f6zellikleri yan\u0131 s\u0131ra vejetasyon \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcnde ve yaban hayat\u0131 \u00fczerinde de \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekilde tahribatlara neden oldu\u011fu pek \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ifade edilmektedir. Turizm alanlar\u0131ndaki \u00e7e\u015fitli regreasyonel faaliyetlerinin neden oldu\u011fu bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli sorun bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn farkl\u0131 oranlarda tahrip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Keza ziyaret\u00e7i trafik yo\u011funlu\u011fu art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn tahrip olmas\u0131 aras\u0131nda pozitif y\u00f6nl\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ili\u015fki oldu\u011fu ortaya konulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Kalk\u0131nma m\u0131 iklim krizi mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Eko)Turizm faaliyetlerinin me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen istihdam sa\u011flanmas\u0131, kalk\u0131nma, gelir d\u00fczeyinde art\u0131\u015f vb. arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hepsi ekonomik bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131r. Bu arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc aranan, ge\u00e7im s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7 gibi sorunlar\u0131n nedenlerini a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, bu hedeflerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi durumda da herkesin e\u015fit oranda pay alaca\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131lsamas\u0131n\u0131 yaratmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

(Eko)turizmi me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen, \u00fcretilen yerel \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin turistlere sat\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla gelir yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 ise pratikte turizm faaliyetlerinin \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgeyi ziyaret eden turist say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a yerel \u00fcretimi ters oranda etkilenmektedir. Yaylalar ve vadiler insanlar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edildik\u00e7e hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k, ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k gibi yerel faaliyetler olumsuz etkilenmektedir. \u00c7evresel kirlenme, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin de ekolojik de\u011ferini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

Peki ekonomi\/kalk\u0131nma ile ekoloji aras\u0131ndaki bu \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi a\u015fmak ya da en az\u0131ndan ekonomik sorunlara ba\u015fka \u00e7areler \u00fcreterek ekolojik tahribat\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil mi? Elbette m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Sadece bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 olduk\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015ftirmemiz gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemiz gereken, bug\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc kurtaran kalk\u0131nmac\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler k\u00fcresel iklim krizinin yarataca\u011f\u0131 maliyetler ve y\u0131k\u0131mlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ne anlama gelmektedir?<\/p>\n

E\u011fer, iklim krizinin tahribat\u0131 ve onun yarataca\u011f\u0131 adaletsizliklerin giderilmesi daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bedele neden olacaksa, ekolojik de\u011feri y\u00fcksek yerlerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 kalk\u0131nma carilerine tercih etmez miyiz? Ve bu b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan halk\u0131n ge\u00e7im sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in gerekli maliyeti hepimiz \u00fcstlenmez miyiz?<\/p>\n

\u0130klim krizinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye etkisi de olduk\u00e7a a\u011f\u0131r olaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye etkisi konulu raporlarda 2050 gibi yak\u0131n bir zamana kadar di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgelerde \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fme, su s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 gibi sorunlara neden olurken, Karadeniz\u2019de de ya\u011f\u0131\u015f rejiminde istikrars\u0131zla\u015fma gibi sonu\u00e7larla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelece\u011fimizin alt\u0131 \u00e7izilmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin \u00f6zellikle, uzun s\u00fcreli \u015fiddetli kurakl\u0131klar ve su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131 (genel olarak kurakla\u015fma), s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n artmas\u0131, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, erozyon, \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fme, deniz d\u00fczeyinin y\u00fckselmesi, \u015fiddetli hava olaylar\u0131 ve bunlara ba\u011fl\u0131 ekolojik bozulmalar gibi olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan etkilenebilecektir.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u0131s\u0131 dalgalar\u0131nda g\u00f6zlenen art\u0131\u015f nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00f6l\u00fcmlerde ve vekt\u00f6r da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak baz\u0131 bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klarda artma beklenmektedir. \u00dclkede ya\u015fanan do\u011fal afetler (f\u0131rt\u0131nalar, \u015fiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar, seller, ta\u015fk\u0131nlar ve benzeri), su ile bula\u015fan hastal\u0131klarda art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Artan \u00e7evresel afetler sonucunda \u00e7evresel g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin artmas\u0131, su ve besin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131yla ili\u015fkili beslenme bozukluklar\u0131 ve su kaynakl\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n artmas\u0131, gelecekte T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar\u0131ndan olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca deniz d\u00fczeyinin y\u00fckselmesi sonucunda k\u0131y\u0131sal ya\u015fam ortamlar\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 ve daralmas\u0131, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin zay\u0131flamas\u0131 ile k\u0131y\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131 yeralt\u0131 suyunun tuzlanmas\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6nemli sorunlardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ekonomi de\u011fil ekoloji<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu tablo bize, alelade bir zamanda ve ortamda kalk\u0131nma, turizm vb. tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir gelecekte, bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 okuyan bir \u00e7o\u011fumuzun kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelece\u011fi bir durumda oldu\u011fumuzu yeterince duyumsatmaktad\u0131r, dilerim.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir tehlike olarak, iklim krizi ko\u015fullar\u0131nda, ekolojik de\u011feri y\u00fcksek alanlardaki ekonomik faaliyetlere nas\u0131l bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirilmesi, koruma kriterleri ne olmal\u0131d\u0131r? Bu alanlarda ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n ge\u00e7im sorunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmelidir?<\/p>\n

Bu sorulara \u00e7ok ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 cevaplar \u00fcretmek kolay de\u011fildir. Fakat anahtar olmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, son d\u00f6nemde k\u00fcresel olarak farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lardan tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan \u201ctemel yurtta\u015f geliri\u201d, \u201cvatanda\u015fl\u0131k geliri\u201d gibi \u00f6nermelerin bu ba\u011flamda yeniden ele al\u0131nabilir.\u00a0 Bu ba\u011flamda, ekoloji hareketinin, ekolojik de\u011feri y\u00fcksek alanlarda ya\u015fayan yerlilerin ge\u00e7im sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in bu ekolojik alanlar\u0131n piyasala\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tahribini sa\u011flayan kalk\u0131nmac\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131n hepsi rafa kald\u0131r\u0131larak, bu yerlilere \u201ctemel yurtta\u015f geliri\u201d deste\u011fi verilmeli talebini g\u00fcndemine almas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neriyorum.<\/p>\n

* Bu yaz\u0131da daha \u00f6nce ekoturizm, kalk\u0131nma ve ekoloji \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u015fu yaz\u0131dan yararland\u0131m. \u201cEkoloji Siyaseti Ad\u0131na Temel Bir Hak Olarak Vatanda\u015fl\u0131k Gelirini Savunmak\u201d, https:\/\/medium.com\/@biryasam\/ekoloji-siyaseti-ad%C4%B1na-db579b3142ee<\/em><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.artvinden.com\/aydere-ve-tum-yaylalara-ihanete-devam-cemil-aksu\/<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cemil Aksu Bir kere, yayla, mera gibi hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde, kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir ki\u015fiye m\u00fclk olarak devredilemeyecek alanlar\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015ftereklerin, \u201cimar aff\u0131\u201d ile sat\u0131\u015f\u0131, t\u00fcm yurtta\u015flara, hatta d\u00fcnyadaki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara ve de canl\u0131lara ait olan baz\u0131 insanlara devri demektir. Bu di\u011fer insanlar\u0131n ve canl\u0131lar\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasp\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yaz Karadeniz\u2019deki yaylalarda insan ve ara\u00e7 trafi\u011finden ad\u0131m atacak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":48207,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,64,70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-hemsin-ve-hemsinliler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\nAyder\u2019e ve t\u00fcm yaylalara \u2018ihanet\u2019e devam! - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ayder\u2019e ve t\u00fcm yaylalara \u2018ihanet\u2019e devam! - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cemil Aksu Bir kere, yayla, mera gibi hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde, kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir ki\u015fiye m\u00fclk olarak devredilemeyecek alanlar\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015ftereklerin, \u201cimar aff\u0131\u201d ile sat\u0131\u015f\u0131, t\u00fcm yurtta\u015flara, hatta d\u00fcnyadaki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara ve de canl\u0131lara ait olan baz\u0131 insanlara devri demektir. Bu di\u011fer insanlar\u0131n ve canl\u0131lar\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasp\u0131d\u0131r. 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- Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ayder\u2019e ve t\u00fcm yaylalara \u2018ihanet\u2019e devam! - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Cemil Aksu Bir kere, yayla, mera gibi hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde, kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir ki\u015fiye m\u00fclk olarak devredilemeyecek alanlar\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015ftereklerin, \u201cimar aff\u0131\u201d ile sat\u0131\u015f\u0131, t\u00fcm yurtta\u015flara, hatta d\u00fcnyadaki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara ve de canl\u0131lara ait olan baz\u0131 insanlara devri demektir. Bu di\u011fer insanlar\u0131n ve canl\u0131lar\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasp\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yaz Karadeniz\u2019deki yaylalarda insan ve ara\u00e7 trafi\u011finden ad\u0131m atacak […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2018-08-29T08:44:42+00:00","og_image":[{"width":696,"height":391,"url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/08\/Ayder-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"13 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"headline":"Ayder\u2019e ve t\u00fcm yaylalara \u2018ihanet\u2019e devam!","datePublished":"2018-08-29T08:44:42+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205"},"wordCount":2571,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/08\/Ayder-1.jpg","articleSection":["Haberler","Hem\u015fin ve Hem\u015finliler","Makaleler"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205","name":"Ayder\u2019e ve t\u00fcm yaylalara \u2018ihanet\u2019e devam! - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/08\/Ayder-1.jpg","datePublished":"2018-08-29T08:44:42+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/08\/Ayder-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2018\/08\/Ayder-1.jpg","width":696,"height":391},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=48205#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ayder\u2019e ve t\u00fcm yaylalara \u2018ihanet\u2019e devam!"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/","name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e","name":"admin","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?author=7"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48205","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=48205"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48205\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48208,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48205\/revisions\/48208"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/48207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=48205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=48205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=48205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}