{"id":45114,"date":"2017-09-15T04:44:35","date_gmt":"2017-09-15T09:44:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=45114"},"modified":"2017-09-15T13:26:16","modified_gmt":"2017-09-15T18:26:16","slug":"hemsin-ve-hemsinli-ermeniler-kimlik-ve-kultur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=45114","title":{"rendered":"Hem\u015fin ve Hem\u015finliler. Kimlik ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Meline Anumyan (tarih bilimleri doktoru)<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Tehmine Martoyan (tarih bilimleri doktoru)<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00d6ns\u00f6z yerine<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u2026 Batum, Artvin ve Karin (Erzurum-\u00e7ev. notu) ahalisi, Lazistan da\u011flar\u0131 ve Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n biraz uza\u011f\u0131ndan olu\u015fan, kuzeybat\u0131 Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n d\u0131\u015f kesimlerinde, 30.000 ki\u015filik yar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ebe bir Hem\u015finli toplulu\u011funun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilincindedir.<\/p>\n

Bu insanlar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok az ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, sadece baz\u0131 seyyahlar ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak amac\u0131yla Hem\u015finlilerin k\u00f6ylerine giden Ermeni zanaatk\u00e2rlar bu insanlar hakk\u0131nda veriler sunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Birka\u00e7 Hem\u015finli aile, son zamanlara kadar as\u0131l dinleri olan H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekle birlikte, n\u00fcfusun kalan\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hem\u015finliler g\u00f6\u00e7mendir ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ihtimalle Ani\u2019den gelmi\u015flerdir. Acarya\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda kalarak, var olma m\u00fccadelesi nedeniyle \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 kabul etmeye mecbur olurlar.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, 1828 Rus-Osmanl\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrer ve XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen, Ermenilerin, episkopos Karapet \u00f6nderli\u011findeki Karin\u2019in kuzeydo\u011fusundan b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc esnas\u0131nda daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ivme kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ok say\u0131da \u0130slamla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fc, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de Karin ovas\u0131n\u0131n kuzeydo\u011fu k\u0131sm\u0131nda, Yeprat\u2019\u0131n (F\u0131rat-\u00e7ev. notu) kaynaklar\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda serilmi\u015ftir. Bir zamanlar\u0131n bu Ermeni k\u00f6ylerinden, kha\u00e7karlar (ha\u00e7ta\u015flar-\u00e7ev. notu) ile mezarl\u0131klar\u0131 ve soyadlar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin Markaro\u011flu Hasan, Tovmaso\u011flu Ahmet vs.) kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u0131z\u0131l-Kilise gibi, yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya H\u0131ristiyan kalm\u0131\u015f olan k\u00f6yler de vard\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok ailede, iki kanazoplar\u0131n (amca torunlar\u0131) bir k\u0131sm\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise H\u0131ristiyan\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kuzeybat\u0131ya do\u011fru gittik\u00e7e, \u0130slamla\u015fma durumunun daha geli\u015fti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr, Hem\u015fin ise tamamen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 korumak isteyenler ise, Suhum b\u00f6lgesine g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Lakin \u0130slamla\u015fmak, bu insanlar\u0131n eski milli g\u00f6reneklerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmemi\u015ftir. Ermenice konu\u015furlar, aile i\u00e7i Ermeni adetleri kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, hamurun \u00fczerinde ha\u00e7 i\u015fareti yapma \u00e2deti, H\u0131ristiyan yeminleri, azizlerin yortular\u0131, ziyaret yerleri ve benzer inan\u0131\u015flar de\u011fi\u015fmeden kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kendilerini Ermenilerden soyutlamazlar, dini a\u00e7\u0131dan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 fanatik olmadan, dedelerinin Ermeni-H\u0131ristiyan olmu\u015f oldu\u011funu itiraf ederler. Sadece Yeprat\u2019\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131 civar\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar koyu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019d\u0131r ve \u201c\u015faraptan d\u00f6nme sirke keskin olur\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartan bir istisna te\u015fkil ederler.<\/p>\n

Bu insanlar\u0131n siyasi e\u011filimleri ve sald\u0131rgan olmayan karakterleri, tamamen farkl\u0131 genlere sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Karin ovas\u0131na yak\u0131n bulunan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Ermeni k\u00f6yl\u00fcler kendi halinde k\u00f6yl\u00fclerdir, kuzeybat\u0131 Pontus da\u011f silsilesinde serpilmi\u015f Hem\u015finliler, yaz\u0131n koyunculukla u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r, k\u0131\u015f\u0131 ise Karadeniz\u2019in k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feritlerinde ge\u00e7irirler. Yerle\u015fim yerleri T\u00fcrkiye topraklar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Rus-Osmanl\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izgisi belirlenirken, bu insanlar\u0131n sakin mizac\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduran Ruslar bu durumu kabul eder. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Ermeniler ve onlar\u0131n gelece\u011fiyle ilgili konu\u015fma f\u0131rsat\u0131m\u0131z olacakt\u0131r\u201d,- Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n Sofya \u015fehrinde yay\u0131nlanan \u201cHayastan\u201d dergisi, 18 Mart 1915 tarihli n\u00fcshas\u0131nda, Hopa il\u00e7esinde ya\u015fayan Hem\u015finli Ermeniler hakk\u0131nda b\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r (bk. \u201cMahmetakan Hayer\u0131 Khopi \u015frcanin me\u00e7\u201d, \u201cHayastan\u201d Ermenice gazete, 18 Mart 1915, s.3).<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ekten de, Hem\u015fin gizemi \u00f6zellikle son y\u0131llarda t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadaki Ermenilerin ilgisini giderek daha \u00e7ok \u00e7ekmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kimdir, bu bize soyda\u015f olan Hem\u015finliler? Kendileri Hem\u015finli kimliklerini nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r? Hem\u015fin k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcyle olan \u00f6zellikleri ve ili\u015fkisi nedir? Hem\u015fin k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde, Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn hangi katmanlar\u0131 korunmu\u015ftur?<\/p>\n

Bu sorular\u0131n hi\u00e7 de\u011filse bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n cevaplar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak amac\u0131yla, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00e2hilinde bulunan ve Hem\u015finlilerin yo\u011fun olarak yerle\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fu Artvin ilinin Hopa il\u00e7esi ve \u015fehrine gidip, r\u00f6portajlar ile basit sohbetler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirerek, Ermenistan ve diasporada ya\u015fayan Ermeni toplumuna, bu b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan \u0130slamla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Hem\u015finlilerin kimli\u011fi konusunda kendi kavray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile Hem\u015fin k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131tmaya karar verdik. Bu seyahat, \u201cGalust G\u00fclbenkyan\u201d vakf\u0131n\u0131n hamili\u011finde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131, vakfa en derin \u015f\u00fckranlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sunar\u0131z.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle belirtmek gerekir ki, t\u00fcm Hem\u015finliler, bilim \u00e7evreleri taraf\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 temel gruba ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n