{"id":42936,"date":"2016-12-05T02:37:03","date_gmt":"2016-12-05T07:37:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42936"},"modified":"2016-12-05T02:37:03","modified_gmt":"2016-12-05T07:37:03","slug":"ismi-ile-yasamak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42936","title":{"rendered":"\u0130smi ile ya\u015famak\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"%d5%a1%d5%ba%d6%80%d5%a5%d5%ac-%d5%ab%d6%80-%d5%a1%d5%b6%d5%b8%d6%82%d5%b6%d5%b8%d5%be\"<\/a>Rita Ender son \u00e7\u0131kan \u2018 \u0130smiyle Ya\u015famak\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcyen, isimleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olmayan, yabanc\u0131 isimlerinden dolay\u0131 \u2018yabanc\u0131\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclen insanlar\u0131n hik\u00e2yelerini anlat\u0131yor. Kitap, Ender\u2019in Agos Gazetesi i\u00e7in yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu r\u00f6portajlar\u0131n\u0131n bir derlemesi. Kendisine kitab\u0131 ile ilgili merak etti\u011fim sorular\u0131 y\u00f6nelttim.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130smi, en basit anlam\u0131 ile \u201cKi\u015fileri di\u011ferlerinden kolayca ay\u0131rmak ve belirginle\u015fmelerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00f6zc\u00fckler\u201d diye tan\u0131ml\u0131yoruz. Yukar\u0131daki ifadeye g\u00f6re \u2018ay\u0131rmak\u2019 ve \u2018belirginle\u015ftirmek\u2019 s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinden, asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrk toplumunda ya\u015fayan ve isimleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olmayan ki\u015filerin toplum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ilk alg\u0131lan\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 anlatm\u0131\u015f olabilir miyiz sizce?<\/p>\n

Benim i\u00e7in \u2018I\u015f\u0131l Amanoel\u2019,\u00a0 bir ad olman\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6tesinde tarihsel ve toplumsal kimli\u011fimi g\u00f6steren, kendimi tan\u0131mlamam\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir nevi aidiyet g\u00f6stergem. Bu ismin gelip ge\u00e7ti\u011fi yerlerden yanl\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na kadar bir\u00e7ok hik\u00e2yesi var.<\/p>\n

Rita Ender, r\u00f6portajlar\u0131nda isim \u2013 kimlik ili\u015fkisinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak, ki\u015filerin isimlerinin anlam\u0131n\u0131, isimlerine nas\u0131l sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131, bu isimler sebebiyle ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 deneyimlerini sorguluyor. Ki\u015filerin kimlik sistemlerini okumaya \/ okutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p, toplumun bu ki\u015fileri ne kadar kabullendi\u011fi sorusunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 bize sorgulat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki az\u0131nl\u0131klar \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyorum. <\/strong>Konuya isim \u2013 kimlik\u00a0ili\u015fkisi \u00fczerinden\u00a0\u00a0bakmaya nas\u0131l karar verdin?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan; kendisini, yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerini, s\u00f6ylediklerini, s\u00f6yle(ye)mediklerini, unuttuklar\u0131n\u0131, hat\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, duyduklar\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini isminden ay\u0131ram\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc insan ismiyle ya\u015f\u0131yor, ismiyle \u00f6l\u00fcyor ve sonra ismiyle an\u0131l\u0131yor. Ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, sahip oldu\u011fu, ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fczerine yap\u0131\u015fan veya can-\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fclden gidip edindi\u011fi t\u00fcm kimlikleri, o ismin i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. Yani kimsenin, ismiyle kimli\u011fi birbirinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131yor. \u0130\u015fte bu kopu\u015fu olmayan ba\u011f \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek, konu\u015fmak, yazmak \u00e7ok istedim ve \u00f6ylece r\u00f6portajlar\u0131 yapmaya, yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

R\u00f6portaj yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fun\u00a0ki\u015fileri neye g\u00f6re se\u00e7tin? Sadece adlar\u0131n\u0131n \u2018yabanc\u0131\u2019 olmas\u0131 yeterli miydi senin i\u00e7in; yoksa \u00f6zellikle gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klar \u00fczerine mi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131n?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bence kitab\u0131n meselelerden biri zaten bu oldu: Yabanc\u0131 kimdir? Veya bu adlar kime yabanc\u0131? S\u00f6yle\u015fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m 45 ki\u015fiden hi\u00e7biri yabanc\u0131 de\u011fil. Hepsi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de do\u011fmu\u015f. Fakat i\u00e7lerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 gitmeyi se\u00e7mi\u015f, baz\u0131s\u0131 maalesef adeta arkas\u0131na bakmadan ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, \u00e7o\u011fu h\u00e2l\u00e2 burada ya\u015f\u0131yor. Hi\u00e7birinin ismi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e de\u011fil, ama bence bu onlar\u0131 (bizi) hi\u00e7 de yabanc\u0131 k\u0131lm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Her s\u00f6yle\u015finin i\u00e7inde iki temel hik\u00e2ye var. Biri bu yabanc\u0131 bulunma meselesi ile ilgili; ki\u015finin sahip oldu\u011fu ismiyle; yani asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de T\u00fcrk veya M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na delalet eden, ad\u0131yla ne ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, nas\u0131l ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hangi sorular\u0131 cevapland\u0131rmak durumunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili. Di\u011feri, ki\u015finin ismine nas\u0131l sahip oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin; yani o ismin nas\u0131l se\u00e7ildi\u011fi, nas\u0131l verildi\u011fi, neyi sembolize etti\u011fi, neye at\u0131f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili.<\/p>\n

Eskiden isimler ki\u015fiye verilirken onun tarihsel, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve dini anlam\u0131 y\u00fcklenmekte ve ki\u015finin o anlam\u0131 i\u00e7selle\u015ftirmesi beklenmekteydi, ancak\u00a0g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde isimler bu\u00a0\u00a0t\u00fcrden anlamlar ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yor, daha \u00e7ok kula\u011fa ho\u015f gelen isimler se\u00e7iliyor. Bunu\u00a0\u00a0nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131klars\u0131n?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Buna tam olarak kat\u0131lm\u0131yorum; \u015fu anda sadece kula\u011fa ho\u015f gelen isimler se\u00e7ilmiyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin bizim toplumumuzda, \u00e7ocuklara babaanne, anneanne ve dedelerin isimlerinden isim verme gelene\u011fi h\u00e2l\u00e2 s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Evet, belki bug\u00fcn \u00e7ocu\u011fa Avram ismini vermek yayg\u0131n de\u011fil ama e\u011fer dedenin ismi Avram ise \u2018A\u2019 harfinden isimler \u00fcretiliyor; Avi, Ari, Albi\u2026 Ayr\u0131ca, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m s\u00f6yle\u015filerde hen\u00fcz \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmayanlara, bir g\u00fcn \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olursa onlara nas\u0131l isimler vereceklerini sordum. \u00c7o\u011fu teredd\u00fcts\u00fcz \u015fekilde, kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, aidiyeti, kimli\u011fi, dini ile ili\u015fkili bir isim verece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Mesele Hera B\u00fcy\u00fckta\u015f\u00e7\u0131yan \u015funu demi\u015fti:\u00a0\u201cTabii ki, ba\u015fta, ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerden birinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak isim vermek isterim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sahip oldu\u011fumuz, \u00e7ok nadir ve kaybolmas\u0131ndan korktu\u011fum bir \u015fey. \u0130simle \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczle\u015ftiriyoruz baz\u0131 \u015feyleri.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130simlerimiz toplumsal\u00a0\u00a0yap\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel\u00a0\u00a0ve sosyolojik kodlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor diyoruz. \u00d6rne\u011fin T\u00fcrk\u00a0isimlerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in olgunluk, sab\u0131r, sadakat bildirilen nitelikler ortaya \u00e7\u0131karken erkekler i\u00e7in sertlik, kahramanl\u0131k, yi\u011fitlik vurgular\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu durum az\u0131nl\u0131k toplumlar\u0131nda nas\u0131l?<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00f6yle bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u0131, oranlar\u0131 var m\u0131 bilmiyorum ama kula\u011fa \u00f6zellikle erkek isimleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan do\u011fru ve ilgin\u00e7 geliyor. Hemen akla bu tespiti destekleyen \u00f6rnekler de geliyor: Hakan, Kaan, Mert\u2026\u00a0 Fakat ne ilgin\u00e7tir ki, \u2018Mert\u2019 dendi\u011finde benim akl\u0131ma ilk gelen ki\u015filer, iki Yahudi erkek.\u00a0 Selimleri hi\u00e7 saymayal\u0131m! Tabii bu tespitin tam tersini g\u00f6steren \u00f6rnekler de \u00e7ok var. \u00d6rne\u011fin hem kad\u0131nlar hem erkekler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ve fikir anlam\u0131na gelen \u2018Fikret\u2019 ismi veya bug\u00fcn ad\u0131na imzalar at\u0131lan \u2018Bar\u0131\u015f\u2019 ismi… T\u00fcrk\u00e7e isimlerde Nehir, Deniz, Volkan gibi terimler de yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n isimlerinde, \u00f6rne\u011fin Ermeni ve S\u00fcryanilerin isimlerinde co\u011frafi g\u00f6ndermeler sanki biraz daha direkt: Ararat, Sevan, Ninve\u2026 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki her halk i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan bir durum, soy isimlerine dair;\u00a0 maalesef evlenirken erkek adlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 korunuyor, kad\u0131nlar\u0131nki ise par\u00e7alan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Sence T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de az\u0131nl\u0131k toplumlar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu azald\u0131k\u00e7a, burada kalanlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na verdikleri kendi\u00a0k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine ait isim koymadaki \u00e7ekinceleri art\u0131yor mu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Belki b\u00f6yle olmas\u0131 beklenebilirdi ama biraz evvel ifade etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi, benim g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fim, bug\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na daha ziyade kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine ait isimler koyma e\u011filiminde oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde. Bunun tabii ki bir\u00e7ok sebebi olabilir: Mesela ismin dini, aidiyeti saklamad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yor olabilirler, mesela bu bir tepki olabilir, mesela az\u0131nl\u0131klar da daha \u2018milliyet\u00e7i\u2019 olma modas\u0131na uymu\u015f olabilirler, mesela \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fini burada g\u00f6rm\u00fcyor olabilirler, mesela ki\u015filerin yaln\u0131zca annesinin veya babas\u0131n\u0131n ismini ya\u015fatmak konusunda arzular\u0131 olabilir. Mesela\u2026<\/p>\n

R\u00f6portajlar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0\u00a0birinde, \u201cAret\u00a0\u00a0ad\u0131na veya Cohen soyad\u0131na sahip olmak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde sizi\u00a0birilerine ba\u011flarken, \u00a0birilerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r m\u0131?\u201d diye soruyorsun. Ayn\u0131\u00a0\u00a0soruyu ben sana y\u00f6neltmek\u00a0istiyorum. Sen bu\u00a0\u00a0konuda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsun?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aret ad\u0131na sahip olmak da Cohen soyad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mak da Brezilya\u2019dan Fas\u2019a sizi birilerine ba\u011flar ve evet, sizi birilerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Ermenilerin ve Yahudilerin bu konuda \u00f6zel durumlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yerinde h\u00e2l\u00e2 soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00fczerine s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen faaliyetler, y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen lobicilik var. H\u00e2l\u00e2 soyk\u0131r\u0131mda kaybolan akrabalar\u0131n\u0131 arayan insanlar var ve i\u015fte bu aramalar\u0131n kilit s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri hep isimler. \u0130simlerle ar\u0131yoruz, isimler i\u00e7in mum yak\u0131yoruz! Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte olanlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda; bug\u00fcn, antisemitizmin y\u00fcksek oranlarda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerlerde, mesela Malezya\u2019da Cohen veya Levi soy ismiyle ya\u015famak-ya\u015famaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, toplumla iyi bir kayna\u015fma sa\u011flamaya pek yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmuyordur! Ama di\u011fer yandan, Cohen veya Levi soyad\u0131na sahip olan \u0130zmir do\u011fumlu bir Yahudi, Porto Sinagoguna gitmekte veya Kolombiya Yahudi Cemaati\u2019ne Yahudili\u011fini anlatmakta da pek zorlanm\u0131yordur. Fakat tabii Cohen olmaktan \u00f6te; Leonard Cohen olmak vard\u0131r \u015fu hayatta! \u0130\u015fte o zaman, isminizin ard\u0131ndan t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada konu\u015fulanlar, Yahudili\u011finizden \u00f6te \u015feyleriniz olur.<\/p>\n

Bir avukat\u00a0\u00a0olarak yabanc\u0131\u00a0bir\u00a0\u00a0isme sahip olmak\u00a0\u00a0kar\u015f\u0131na ne gibi\u00a0\u00a0zorluklar\u00a0\u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sa\u00e7ma ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 durumlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde b\u0131rak\u0131yor insan\u0131. Bir duru\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda h\u00e2kimin size \u201cHelen misiniz?\u201d diye sormas\u0131-sorabilmesi, memurun \u201cSizi hat\u0131rlad\u0131m, m\u00fcvekkiliniz yabanc\u0131yd\u0131\u201d diyerek akabinde yabanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fczerinden soru t\u00fcretmesi, k\u00e2tibin d\u00f6rt harfli isminizi \u015fekilden \u015fekle sokmas\u0131 ve sonunda ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 Rita de\u011fil de R\u0131za olarak yazmas\u0131, m\u00fcba\u015firin isminizi sa\u00e7ma buldu\u011fu i\u00e7in memleketinizin neresi oldu\u011funu tam ve do\u011fru olarak tespit etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve sizin b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 ya\u015farken asl\u0131nda sadece i\u015finizi yap\u0131yor olman\u0131z\u2026 Tuhaf hissettiriyor ve insana bir noktada \u201cbu haks\u0131zl\u0131k!\u201d dedirtiyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc e\u011fitim hayat\u0131n\u0131z boyunca okudu\u011funuz kanunlar, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler, Anayasa birer k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t par\u00e7as\u0131ndan ibaret de\u011filse; biliyorsunuz ki, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de din ve vicdan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc var. Ve bu \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fczenleyen Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 24. maddesinde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a diyor ki; \u201cKimse, ibadete, din\u00ee ayin ve t\u00f6renlere kat\u0131lmaya, din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve kanaatlerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya zorlanamaz.\u201d\u00a0<\/em>Peki, ben neden adliyelerde s\u00fcrekli \u201c\u0130smim Rita \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Yahudi\u2019yim\u201d demek durumunda kal\u0131yorum?<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.salom.com.tr\/haber-101210-Ismi_ile_yasamak_.html#sthash.BIjgI9Oh.dpuf<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rita Ender son \u00e7\u0131kan \u2018 \u0130smiyle Ya\u015famak\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcyen, isimleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olmayan, yabanc\u0131 isimlerinden dolay\u0131 \u2018yabanc\u0131\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclen insanlar\u0131n hik\u00e2yelerini anlat\u0131yor. Kitap, Ender\u2019in Agos Gazetesi i\u00e7in yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu r\u00f6portajlar\u0131n\u0131n bir derlemesi. Kendisine kitab\u0131 ile ilgili merak etti\u011fim sorular\u0131 y\u00f6nelttim. \u0130smi, en basit anlam\u0131 ile \u201cKi\u015fileri di\u011ferlerinden kolayca ay\u0131rmak ve belirginle\u015fmelerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":42937,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54,71,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130smi ile ya\u015famak\u2026 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42936\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130smi ile ya\u015famak\u2026 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rita Ender son \u00e7\u0131kan \u2018 \u0130smiyle Ya\u015famak\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcyen, isimleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olmayan, yabanc\u0131 isimlerinden dolay\u0131 \u2018yabanc\u0131\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclen insanlar\u0131n hik\u00e2yelerini anlat\u0131yor. 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