{"id":42583,"date":"2016-11-03T03:08:46","date_gmt":"2016-11-03T08:08:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583"},"modified":"2016-11-03T03:08:46","modified_gmt":"2016-11-03T08:08:46","slug":"ermeni-ruhunun-kurnasi-istanbul-ve-sahan-sahnurun-donusu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019 ve \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc*"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"SAHAN<\/a>Sevan De\u011firmenciyan<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni edebiyat\u0131, tarihi boyunca \u00fczerinde var oldu\u011fu co\u011frafyalarla ilgili olarak farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stererek de\u011fi\u015fik hallere b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc. Ermeni kimli\u011fi, dili ve bu ba\u011flamda \u2018kaybedilmi\u015f vatan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ok\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde edebiyat ele\u015ftirmeni Sevan De\u011firmenciyan, Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi, \u0130stanbul-Diaspora ikilemi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere sadece edebiyat\u0131n de\u011fil, kimli\u011fin de par\u00e7as\u0131 olan temel tart\u0131\u015fmaya \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 sorularla katk\u0131 sunuyor.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n 19-20. y\u00fczy\u0131l sanc\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde edebi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi, \u00fcretim s\u00fcreci ve eserini, \u0130stanbul s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7ine hapsetmek gibi bir yakla\u015f\u0131m g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. Elbette, \u00e7eli\u015fik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak ad\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlar belirleme zorunlulu\u011fu \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunmaktay\u0131z. \u201cBat\u0131 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131 nereden ba\u015flar?\u201d Bu soru bizi bir \u00e7\u0131kmaza s\u00fcr\u00fckleyebilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc keyfi bir yakla\u015f\u0131m Bat\u0131 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 Krikor Naregatsi\u2019ye (10. y\u00fczy\u0131l) ve Nerses \u015e\u0131norhali\u2019ye (12. y\u00fczy\u0131l) kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilecekken, daha ciddi bir bak\u0131\u015f nispeten yeni zamanlara, mesela Mardiros Khrimetsi\u2019ye (17. y\u00fczy\u0131l), Yeremya K\u00f6m\u00fcrc\u00fcyan\u2019a (17. y\u00fczy\u0131l) dayand\u0131rabilir. Kesin bir cevab\u0131n eksikli\u011fi hissedilmekte ku\u015fkusuz. Soru \u0130stanbul s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 dahilinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise \u00e7\u0131kmaz, bir k\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Bu soruya e\u011filmeden \u00f6nce, sorudan do\u011fan ba\u015fka bir sorunsal\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda buluyorum kendimi. Belki de bunu bir cevap sayabiliriz.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni edebiyat\u0131 tarihinde, \u2018Bat\u0131\u2019 s\u0131fat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 giderek daralt\u0131p \u0130stanbul\u2019a kadar varm\u0131\u015f ve Bat\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 hemen hemen e\u015fanlaml\u0131 k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n do\u011fru veya yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu o kadar da \u00f6nemli de\u011fil, \u00f6nemli olan Bat\u0131 Ermeni ve \u0130stanbul terimlerini kolayl\u0131kla birbirinin yerine kullanan zihniyet. Bence tam da bu zihniyetin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bir k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131 olarak alg\u0131lamal\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olarak kabullenmeliyiz. Bir tarih vermeye \u00e7ekiniyorum: Acaba ne zaman, ne \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda, ne gibi gerek\u00e7elerle ve nas\u0131l do\u011fmu\u015f bu zihniyet? Bu sorulara cevap vermek zorunda de\u011filim \u015fimdilik, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu aray\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 yerlere s\u00fcr\u00fckleyip g\u00f6t\u00fcrecektir beni, fakat Hagop O\u015fagan\u2019\u0131n bir g\u00f6zleminin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmek isterim: \u201c\u0130stanbul, Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131yd\u0131, birka\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131 tarihinde do\u011frulanmay\u0131 bekleyen birka\u00e7 noktay\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kartan, aceleyle al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bu notlar; s\u0131n\u0131rlar \u00e7izme zaruretini, mu\u011flakl\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle, arka plana d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcremezler. \u0130sim vermekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131yorum, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc edebiyat, di\u011fer sanatlarda da oldu\u011fu gibi, kurucular\u0131 olma \u2018l\u00fcks\u00fcnden\u2019 muaft\u0131r. Bu sebeple edebiyat\u0131, yazar\u0131ndan soyutlay\u0131p \u0130stanbul\u2019da geli\u015fmi\u015f ve olu\u015fmu\u015f homojen bir yap\u0131, bir varl\u0131k, bir obje olarak ele alaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Edebiyat\u0131n kendisi olabilmesi i\u00e7in toplumdan belirli bir uzakl\u0131kta olmas\u0131 gerekir. Toplum konusundaki bu vurgu tesad\u00fcfi de\u011fil, zira Ermeni edebiyat\u0131 da kendisi olabilme, objeye evrilme \u015fans\u0131na \u0130stanbul dahilinde, \u0130stanbul ortam\u0131nda sahip olabildi. Yazar-edebiyat dairesi, okuyucusuyla beraber (okuyucunun geni\u015f bir ba\u011flam\u0131 var; basit bir vatanda\u015ftan edebi ele\u015ftiriye kadar), okunabilirli\u011fi ile, orada tamamlanabildi. Aksi takdirde yabanc\u0131 bir mek\u00e2n, sadece \u0130stanbul\u2019un co\u011frafi g\u00fczelliklerinin uyand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilhamla ruh kurnas\u0131na evrilemezdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130kilem<\/strong><\/p>\n

Edebiyat; vatan, \u00fclke kavramlar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir olgu ku\u015fkusuz. Edebiyat arada s\u0131rada beslendi\u011fi vatan ve \u00fclkeden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak olu\u015fur, geli\u015fir ve ya\u015far. Edebiyattan yoksun vatanlar olabildi\u011fi gibi, vatandan yoksun edebiyatlar da pek tabii d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir; bunlar\u0131n birbirleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir ili\u015fkisi yok. \u00dclke ve vatan, konu \u00f6zellikle Ermeniler oldu\u011funda, \u00e7oktan kimli\u011fin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmaktan uzakla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130stanbul Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ehresi vatan ve \u00fclke aras\u0131nda bir sise g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc; onlar bazen ya\u015famdan yoksun bir an\u0131 olarak \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptirler, bazen de yersiz-yurtsuzluk ili\u015fkisi dahilindedirler. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k do\u011fal olarak sonuncusundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Edebiyat i\u00e7in vatan\u0131 ve yurdu \u015fart olarak g\u00f6rmedi\u011fimi s\u00f6yledim. Toprak varsa \u015fayet, vatan\u0131 geride b\u0131rakan bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r zaten. Dahas\u0131, edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n imparatorluk ba\u015fkentinde yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 benzer bir topra\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131lan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130ronik olan imparatorluk s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndaki tarihi yurtta geli\u015fen edebiyat\u0131n, benzer bir toprak, alan olu\u015fturamay\u0131p kendisini ba\u015fkente y\u00f6nlendirmesidir. Bu toprak vatandan \u00f6tedir, fakat vatan kavram\u0131yla bir g\u00f6r\u00fclemez. Burada suni bir durum s\u00f6z konusu olabilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130stanbul vatan de\u011fildi ve edebi yarat\u0131m i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle bir topra\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 daha kolay olacakt\u0131. Fikir ve \u00fcretim, toprak ve yurt ili\u015fkisi aras\u0131nda olu\u015fmakta . Alan ve vatan kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesi yeni bir zemin olu\u015fturabilir ve bu zemin bin y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce Naregatsi\u2019nin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130stanbul, her ne kadar da bu endi\u015fesini \u2018Yar\u0131n\u0131n edebiyat\u0131\u2019, \u2018Ermenistan edebiyat\u0131\u2019 gibi farkl\u0131 edebi hareketlerle form\u00fcle etmi\u015f olsa da bu anlay\u0131\u015fta bir alana sahip olamazd\u0131. Edebiyat\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 \u0130stanbulluluk kisvesini almal\u0131yd\u0131 \u00fczerine, ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde de \u0130stanbullu, edebiyat \u00fcreticisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecekti. Topraktan ileri gelen ortam, edebiyat-toplum ili\u015fkisini \u00f6yle bir zirveye ula\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ki, \u0130stanbullu ya yarat\u0131m\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131, yahut yaratan\u0131n ta kendisi.<\/p>\n

Edebiyat bu alan\u0131 \u0130stanbul \u00fczerinde \u00f6nce yaratm\u0131\u015f sonra fethetmi\u015fti. Ermeni edebiyat\u0131 tarihinde \u0130stanbul bir terimdir. Do\u011fan bir\u00e7ok soruyu \u0130stanbul\u2019da ayn\u0131 zaman diliminde yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Rumca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e edebiyatlarla bizimkini mukayese ederek cevaplayabiliriz belki.<\/p>\n

Felaket ortam\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y\u0131k\u0131m, Felaket, Soyk\u0131r\u0131m olurken edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z neredeydi? \u2018Mehyan\u2019, \u2018Navasart\u2019 dergileri ve onlar\u0131n yeni ufuklar a\u00e7an heyecanlar\u0131, Ermenistan edebiyat\u0131, \u00f6zellikle \u015fiirdeki neo-paganist hareket, di\u011fer yandan \u2018Yar\u0131n\u0131n edebiyat\u0131\u2019 terimleriyle form\u00fcle edilen aray\u0131\u015f, 1908-Nisan 1915 aras\u0131nda Medzarents\u2019le, Varujan\u2019la, \u0130ndra ile, Zaryan\u2019la ge\u00e7en zaman… Roman sanat\u0131n\u0131n modernizasyonu \u015fiirdeki k\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 nesire de ta\u015f\u0131yordu. \u0130\u015fte Felaket o anda gelir. Soru: Kurtarmaya m\u0131? Yenilemeye mi? Yoksa Bat\u0131 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 ebediyen mahvetmek i\u00e7in mi? Cevap me\u00e7hul gelecekte gizli…<\/p>\n

Felaketi b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kavramak imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r. Hemen sonras\u0131nda unutulacak kavrama hissi anl\u0131kt\u0131r sadece. Anlat\u0131lamaz bir olgu olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, \u00e7ift kimliklerin her Diaspora Ermenisi\u2019nde ve \u00f6zellikle sanat\u00e7\u0131da do\u011frulanmas\u0131d\u0131r Felaket. Felaket\u2019in devam\u0131 i\u00e7inde ya\u015f\u0131yor olma hissi, Felaket\u2019in yok olu\u015fundan ve unutulu\u015fundan sonra da devam eden bir durum i\u00e7ine sokar insan\u0131. G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famdaki tezah\u00fcr\u00fc her ne kadar ikincil de olsa, Felaket\u2019te ya\u015fanan hayatlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini ve onlar\u0131n karakter olarak edebiyat ve sanat\u0131n di\u011fer dallar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 ink\u00e2r edemeyiz.<\/p>\n

Zaman\u0131n sonu, tarihin biti\u015fi, sanat\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak Felaket\u2019ten sonra gelene\u011fin geri d\u00f6n\u00fclemez olmas\u0131n\u0131n hayali, al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klara tak\u0131l\u0131 kalman\u0131n faydalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lan konu\u015fmalar… Felaket kendi ortam\u0131n\u0131 \u2018bask\u0131yla\u2019, fakat sessizce kabul ettirse de, insanlar bu durumun hissini ya\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in benzer d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler \u00fcretebilirler. Felaket\u2019ten sonra yeniden do\u011fu\u015f ak\u0131llarda tasavvur edilebilirdi ger\u00e7i, fakat bu, onun esteti\u011fine ters d\u00fc\u015fen bir fikir. Kavram\u0131 netle\u015ftirmenin imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftim. Yeniden do\u011fu\u015f s\u00f6zleri, Bat\u0131 Ermenileri\u2019nin gelene\u011fi \u00fczerine kurulu bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn yeniden in\u015fas\u0131, Bat\u0131 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131 benzeri yeni bir poetika yaratma \u00e7abas\u0131 kulaklara ho\u015f geliyor, fakat t\u00f6kezlemelerden sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak olan eserler Felaket esteti\u011fini nihai olarak kavramam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7e\u015fit eserler daha m\u0131 az de\u011ferliydi? Ku\u015fkusuz hay\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn yeni olandan tekrar do\u011fu\u015fun gelece\u011fi beklentisi i\u00e7ine girmek safl\u0131k olarak alg\u0131lanabilir, e\u011fer tabii yeniden do\u011fu\u015f, taklit ve kopya etmek demekse. \u015eairin ve okuyucunun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, kendilerini do\u011furan ger\u00e7eklik ve co\u011frafya ile beraber, ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ne olursa olsun, \u015fiirin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc demektir. Ger\u00e7ek t\u00fcm olumsuzlu\u011fu ile yeni de\u011fil, farkl\u0131d\u0131r art\u0131k. S\u00f6z konusu olan \u2018yeni\u2019nin de\u011fil, \u2018farkl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, \u2018\u00f6teki\u2019nin yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ise, \u015fairin yahut \u015fiirin \u00f6lmesi, gelecek nesil taraf\u0131ndan Felaket\u2019in do\u011fal bir sonucu olarak alg\u0131lanmay\u0131p, Felaket\u2019ten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak o \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 demekti. Bu durum edebi anlamda muhalefet etme, reddetme halinden kaynaklan\u0131r. Tersi, yani \u015fiirin Felaket\u2019in sonucu olarak \u00f6lmesi ise y\u0131k\u0131lan\u0131 yeniden in\u015fa etme \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Bu ikisinin m\u00fccadelesi, Diaspora Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmakta. \u00d6teki\u2019yi, ba\u015fka\u2019y\u0131 yaratanlar\u0131n ve eskiyi yeninin kisvesiyle sunanlar\u0131n m\u00fccadelesi…<\/p>\n

Zemininin tahrip olmas\u0131ndan, yani \u0130stanbul\u2019un \u2018d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u2019nden sonra, homojen bir yap\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fim edebiyat, Diaspora\u2019da \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcp yazar\u0131na d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr art\u0131k. \u0130stanbul\u2019un d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleyebilir miyiz acaba? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201c… d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden sonra mitleriyle, edebi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla, milli olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan mitolojisiyle devam eder en baya\u011f\u0131, plans\u0131z, tekd\u00fcze edebiyat\u0131n yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Diaspora\u2019da.\u201d\u00a0 Di\u011fer taraftan, \u201cTabii ki, Avrupa kentlerine ta\u015f\u0131nan ruh, zengin, en asil meziyetleriyle, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce \u0130stanbul\u2019a ait\u201d\u00a0 . Al\u0131nt\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar, B\u0131l\u0131dyan (1945 Beyrut do\u011fumlu) ve O\u015fagan (1883-1948, Bursa\u2019n\u0131n S\u00f6l\u00f6z k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011fup, Halep\u2019te \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f), tesad\u00fcfi isimler de\u011fil, edebiyat tarihimizin en iyi teorisyen-ele\u015ftirmenleri. Bir paradoksu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak de\u011fil amac\u0131m. Niyetim, yan yana var olabilen fikirlerin bu durumunu belirtmek. \u0130\u015fte \u0130stanbul\u2019dan \u00f6te bir edebiyat\u0131 var edebilen, budur.<\/p>\n

Diaspora edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015finin \u2018do\u011fal\u2019 bir sonucu olarak \u0130stanbul \u00fczerine yerle\u015fti\u011fini belirtmekte fayda var. Buradan da farkl\u0131\u2019ya ve yeni\u2019ye bir ge\u00e7i\u015f yapabiliriz san\u0131r\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Farkl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ve yeni\u2019nin sorunsal\u0131 zemin kavram\u0131 ile alakal\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, uzakla\u015fma, terk etme, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn, vatan hasreti, \u00f6zlem ve benzer ruh halleri topraktan do\u011far. \u0130stanbullu i\u00e7in do\u011fum yeri olan alan, Diaspora i\u00e7in fethedilmesi gereken, hatta yabanc\u0131 bir b\u00f6lge sadece. Tam aksine, Diaspora edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n konu\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zemin ise \u0130stanbullu i\u00e7in yabanc\u0131 idi. Yani, \u0130stanbullunun do\u011fal olarak sahip oldu\u011fu \u015fey Felaket\u2019ten sonra kaybolmu\u015ftu ve Diaspora fikir ve unutu\u015f ile gelip oray\u0131 tekrar bulacakt\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada Diaspora, \u0130stanbullu olmaktan uzakla\u015f\u0131p, \u0130stanbul \u00fczerine konu\u015flanmaktan vazge\u00e7ip Diaspora\u2019y\u0131 yaratacakt\u0131. O halde farkl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 Diaspora\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndaki gayret olarak tan\u0131mlayabiliriz, \u0130stanbul ve Diaspora edebiyatlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki u\u00e7urumun ilk noktas\u0131.<\/p>\n

O\u015fagan ve B\u0131l\u0131dyan\u2019dan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m al\u0131nt\u0131lar z\u0131t kutuplar ortaya koysa da birbirinden uzak de\u011filler asl\u0131nda. \u0130stanbul etkisinin olumsuz y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koyan B\u0131l\u0131dyan da hakl\u0131, Avrupa\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclen ruhun \u0130stanbullu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen O\u015fagan da. Yar\u0131n\u0131n edebiyat\u0131, Ermenistan edebiyat\u0131, neo-paganizm, roman\u0131n Bat\u0131 etkisiyle modernle\u015fmesi, Demirciba\u015fyan\u2019dan \u0130ndra\u2019ya giden yol \u0130stanbul\u2019a m\u0131 mahsustur? Biz bug\u00fcn bunlarla anm\u0131yor muyuz \u0130stanbul\u2019u ve b\u00f6ylece bir\u00e7ok \u015feyi de g\u00f6rmezden gelmiyor muyuz? \u0130ndra\u2019y\u0131 ve Medzarents\u2019i kendilerini savunmaya zorlayan ele\u015ftirmenleri, Varujan\u2019\u0131 taciz edenleri nereye koymal\u0131 peki? Diaspora edebiyat\u0131 \u0130stanbul \u00fczerine bina ediliyordu ve haliyle \u0130stanbul\u2019a \u00f6zg\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klar\u0131 da i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131racakt\u0131. Topra\u011f\u0131 a\u015fan yarat\u0131m \u0130stanbul\u2019da do\u011fmu\u015ftu, Diaspora\u2019da devam etti, daha do\u011frusu Avrupa \u015fehirlerinde, Paris\u2019te. Peki neden?<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2026 Yine de s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ile serserilik aras\u0131nda bir ayr\u0131m koymam\u0131z gerekir: S\u00fcrg\u00fcnde \u00e7o\u011funlukla bir ilke vard\u0131r, serserilikte ise her zaman sadece gev\u015feme vard\u0131r\u2026 Serseri, edebi terimlerle, muhabirdir\u2026 hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131 herhangi bir derinlikte anlamas\u0131 olas\u0131 de\u011fildir\u2026 Fakat huzursuz bir toplum, bu t\u00fcr ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7ok kolayca kabul eder: bir d\u00fczlemde, tuhaf ve egzotik \u00fczerine haber; di\u011fer d\u00fczlemde, s\u0131n\u0131f ya da toplum, muhabirin s\u0131n\u0131f ve toplumuna daha yak\u0131n oldu\u011funda, kavray\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ele\u015ftiri.\u201d<\/p>\n

Aijaz Ahmad\u2019\u0131n Williams\u2019dan aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ifadeler s\u00fcrg\u00fcnl\u00fck ve serserilik aras\u0131nda bir farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa i\u015faret eder. Serseriyi anlatmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn halini anlatmaz. Kabaca, serserinin olmad\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r s\u00fcrg\u00fcn. Yani hakk\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayat\u0131 derinlemesine anlayan, toplumun kendisini zor kabul etti\u011fidir serseri. S\u00fcrg\u00fcn ise topluma yak\u0131n de\u011fildir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onun ilkesel bir duru\u015fu vard\u0131r, pop\u00fclizme kap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir. \u015eahan \u015eahnur onlardan biridir. Farkl\u0131 olan kendisinde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr, edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n diasporala\u015fmas\u0131 onun sat\u0131rlar\u0131nda fark edilir.<\/p>\n

Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2019dan kurtulanlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

1915 sonras\u0131nda, Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n ve \u00fclkede milliyet\u00e7ilik dalgas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckselmesi neticesinde yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelere gitmek zorunda kalan m\u00fclteciler ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler birka\u00e7 nesii olu\u015fturdu. Hepsi de \u201cSoyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2019dan kurtulan nesiller\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda literat\u00fcrde yer bulmu\u015ftur. M\u00fclteciler, yurtlar\u0131ndan zorla g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilmi\u015f ve yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n merhametine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir toplulukken, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn; yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yabanc\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u00e7men ruh halini tek ba\u015f\u0131na ya\u015fay\u0131p bunlar\u0131 kendi \u015fahs\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r . Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, Ermenilerin ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc yazarlar\u0131n ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve onlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131na yans\u0131m\u0131\u015f olarak g\u00f6rmem bir yanl\u0131\u015f say\u0131lmaz umar\u0131m. Entellekt\u00fcel ki\u015fi toplumdan farkl\u0131 bir d\u00fczlemde bulundu\u011fundan, farkl\u0131 endi\u015felere ve ama\u00e7lara sahip biri olarak, bazen g\u00f6\u00e7 ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok daha \u015fiddetli, \u00e7ok daha derin ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve b\u00fct\u00fcn sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla olay\u0131n farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nlerini \u2018ke\u015ffedebilmi\u015ftir\u2019. O halde, 1915\u2019i bodrumlarda kar\u015f\u0131layan O\u015fagan, 1923\u2019te kendi r\u0131zas\u0131yla solu\u011fu Paris\u2019te alan \u015eahnur ve g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yetimhanelerde a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olan Dzarukyan do\u011fal olarak ayn\u0131 olaya kar\u015f\u0131 farkl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlara sahip olacaklard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Basit bir s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma denemesi:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Ger\u00e7ek S\u00fcrg\u00fcnler: 1915\u2019e gelindi\u011finde yeti\u015fkin ve \u00fcn sahibi olan, isimleri kara listede bulunan yazarlar. \u00dclkeden uzakla\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 takdirde Varujan\u2019\u0131n, Siamanto\u2019nun, Zartaryan\u2019\u0131n kaderine ortak olmalar\u0131 i\u015ften bile de\u011fildi. Hagop O\u015fagan, Zabel Esayan, Vahan Tekeyan gibi\u2026 Bu nesil Felaket\u2019ten sonra yabanc\u0131 g\u00f6kler alt\u0131nda hayatlar\u0131na devam ettiler.<\/li>\n
  2. \u2018G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc\u2019 S\u00fcrg\u00fcnler: Diaspora Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatan nesil; \u015eahan \u015eahnur, Nigo\u011fos Sarafyan, H\u0131ra\u00e7 Zartaryan, N\u0131\u015fan Be\u015fikta\u015fl\u0131yan, Bedros Zaroyan vs. 1922-23 tarihlerinde Milli ordular\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019a geli\u015fini yeni bir felaket olarak alg\u0131lay\u0131p \u0130stanbul\u2019u terk ettiler ve Bat\u0131\u2019ya, \u00f6zellikle Paris\u2019e gittiler. Bu nesil \u0130stanbul\u2019da do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc, Felaket\u2019i do\u011frudan ya\u015famad\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6llerden ge\u00e7medi. M\u00fctareke y\u0131llar\u0131nda, bu nesil okulluydu hen\u00fcz ve belki de gelece\u011fini \u0130stanbul\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Yeni dergiler yay\u0131nlanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131, 1915\u2019te \u0130stanbul\u2019u terk etmi\u015f yazarlar ve ayd\u0131nlar geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyor, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve edebi hayat yeniden canlanma emareleri g\u00f6steriyordu. \u0130stanbul d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda edebi bir alan olu\u015fturma gibi bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri yoktu o y\u0131llarda. Milli kuvvetlerin \u0130stanbul\u2019a geli\u015fi ile 1915\u2019in korkusunu ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ayd\u0131nlar beraberinde gen\u00e7leri de s\u00fcr\u00fckleyerek \u015fehri terk ettiler. Kimse onlar\u0131 gitmeye zorlamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7o\u011funun ailesi \u0130stanbul\u2019da kald\u0131 hatta. \u0130stanbul\u2019da kalan arkada\u015flar\u0131 da oldu ve onlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 (mesela Areg Dirazan, Yetvart Simke\u015fyan, Avedis Aliksanyan vs.) burada \u00fcretmeye devam ettiler.<\/li>\n
  3. Kerhen S\u00fcrg\u00fcnler: Bunlar genelde Anadolulu ailelerin evlatlar\u0131yd\u0131. Felaket\u2019i do\u011frudan ya\u015fad\u0131lar, yetim kald\u0131lar, evsiz, sahipsiz, \u00e7ocuklu\u011fu olmayan bir nesli olu\u015fturdular. Vatan nedir bilmediler, sadece bir an\u0131 olarak sahip oldular ona. Antranik Dzarukyan, Vahe Vahyan, Mu\u015fe\u011f \u0130\u015fkhan bu nesle aittirler. Kendilerini bir yere ba\u011fl\u0131 hissetme halini ya\u015famadan yetimhanelerde b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fcler \u00e7o\u011funlukla. 1910-1914 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda do\u011fmu\u015f olan bu nesil i\u00e7in memleketteki ev, t\u0131pk\u0131 bir \u00e7ocukluk an\u0131s\u0131, bir sis gibi ya\u015fand\u0131 g\u00f6zlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde. Edebi ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlukla Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da, Halep-Beyrut \u00e7izgisinde idame ettirdiler.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Diaspora Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ranlar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan isimler son iki nesildir. \u0130lk s\u0131radakiler Bat\u0131 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde kal\u0131rlar h\u00e2l\u00e2. O\u015fagan\u2019\u0131n ve Esayan\u2019\u0131n romanlar\u0131, Tekeyan\u2019\u0131n \u015fiiri Diaspora Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n \u015fimdiye kadar \u00e7izilmi\u015f co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131r, fakat onlar\u0131 kendi \u015fahsi Diaspora\u2019lar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inden, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn pencerelerinden seyretti\u011fimizde, \u00e7izilen s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 geni\u015fletmek durumda kal\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n

    \u015eahnur\u2019a Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00dcsk\u00fcdar\u2019da do\u011fup, ilk \u00f6\u011frenimini orada alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r \u015eahnur Keresteciyan (1903-1974). Ayn\u0131 zamanda vaftiz babas\u0131 da olan amcas\u0131, Onnik Kerestecian, \u00fcnl\u00fc yazar Madteos Mamuryan\u2019\u0131n mahlas\u0131n\u0131 ye\u011fenine isim olarak verir. Bir d\u00f6nem devam etti\u011fi Berberyan Okulu\u2019nun m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u015eahan Berberyan\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 sayg\u0131s\u0131 ve hayranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc ki, onun ad\u0131n\u0131 kendine mahlas olarak al\u0131p ilerde \u015eahan \u015eahnur ad\u0131 ile edebiyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131na girecektir. 1923\u2019te Paris\u2019e gitmeden evvel, \u0130stanbul\u2019da edebiyat ad\u0131na pek bir \u015fey yapmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r asl\u0131nda. Sadece Berberyan Okulu\u2019ndan mezun oldu\u011fu y\u0131l, 1921\u2019te, \u015fiir yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir birincilik onun bu alanda ger\u00e7ekten \u2018biri\u2019 olaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclere mahal vermi\u015ftir. B\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenlerden biri de j\u00fcri \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda olan \u015fair Vahan Tekeyan\u2019d\u0131r. \u0130stanbul bas\u0131n\u0131ndaki ilk yay\u0131nlar\u0131 edebi yaz\u0131lar de\u011fil, karikat\u00fcrler olmu\u015ftur. Burada da parlak bir gelecek \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fse de, \u015eahan \u015eahnur kendisini, resim imgesine ve g\u00f6rsel sanata ara ara ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu, edebiyat alan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterecekti. \u015eahan \u015eahnur imzal\u0131 ve resim sanat\u0131 hakk\u0131nda olan ilk makalesi 1929\u2019da day\u0131s\u0131 Teotig\u2019in \u0130stanbul\u2019dan sonra Paris\u2019te s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc salnamesinde yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Paris\u2019te yay\u0131mlanan Hara\u00e7 gazetesinde tefrika edilen roman\u0131, \u015eark\u0131s\u0131z Ricat\u00a0 (\u00ab\u0546\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0576\u057b\u0568 \u0561\u057c\u0561\u0576\u0581 \u0565\u0580\u0563\u056b\u00bb Sessiz Ricat ad\u0131yla ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz ay Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan bas\u0131ld\u0131)\u00a0 ve 1933\u2019te yay\u0131nlayaca\u011f\u0131 Haralezlerin \u0130haneti (\u00ab\u0545\u0561\u0580\u0561\u056c\u0567\u0566\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0578\u0582 \u0564\u0561\u0582\u0561\u0573\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0569\u056b\u0582\u0576\u0568\u00bb) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6yk\u00fclerini toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131 ayn\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa sahiptirler: \u201cResimli Ermeni Tarihi\u201d (\u00ab\u054a\u0561\u057f\u056f\u0565\u0580\u0561\u0566\u0561\u0580\u0564 \u057a\u0561\u057f\u0574\u0578\u0582\u0569\u056b\u0582\u0576 \u0570\u0561\u0575\u0578\u0581\u00bb).<\/p>\n

    May\u0131s-Eyl\u00fcl 1929\u2019de tefrika edilen Sessiz Ricat roman\u0131 \u015eahnur\u2019un bir \u00e7ok yaz\u0131s\u0131 gibi provakatif, k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6\u011feler bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yordu , hatta yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden d\u00f6v\u00fclecekti de ilerde. \u00d6yle ki, Hara\u00e7\u2019\u0131n editor\u00fc \u015eavar\u015f Misakyan\u2019a, Diaspora\u2019da tutunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Bat\u0131 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n bu ilk roman\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131mlanmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in bask\u0131lar dahi yap\u0131ld\u0131. Roman\u0131n yay\u0131n\u0131 bitti\u011finde ve ileriki g\u00fcnlerde ayr\u0131 bir kitap halinde bas\u0131l\u0131p da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Diaspora Ermeni edebiyat\u0131 denilecek yepyeni bir d\u00f6nemin kap\u0131lar\u0131ndan resmen girilecekti.<\/p>\n

    \u0130stanbul\u2019dan ve di\u011fer Anadolu \u015fehirlerinden Paris\u2019e gelip hayata tutunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Ermeni gen\u00e7lerin ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r \u015eahnur bu romanda. Frans\u0131z kad\u0131nlar\u0131yla cilvele\u015fip \u0130stanbul\u2019da kalm\u0131\u015f ailelerinden, anadilleri Ermenice\u2019den uzakla\u015fan, hatta anadillerini unutan, Fransa\u2019da yad\u0131rganmamak i\u00e7in isimlerini de\u011fi\u015ftiren gen\u00e7 insanlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckleri \u00e7\u0131kmazlar\u0131, ge\u00e7mi\u015f d\u00f6nemin azizlerini, kutsallar\u0131n\u0131, al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, geleneklerini anlat\u0131r. Bir bak\u0131ma \u2018resmi\u2019 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 roman kahramanlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131yla yerden yere vurur yazar. Bu asl\u0131nda yukar\u0131da da bahsetti\u011fim farkl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 yaratma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n bir tezah\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u015eahan \u015eahnur, Paris\u2019te yaz\u0131n hayatlar\u0131na ba\u015flayacak olan di\u011fer yazar arkada\u015flar\u0131 gibi, i\u00e7erik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 denemeler yaparken, ayn\u0131 zamanda arada s\u0131rada ele\u015ftirilerin hedefinde olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n dili de farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma, yenileme pe\u015findeydi.<\/p>\n

    Yazar topraktan kopmu\u015f, yabanc\u0131 memleketlerde olman\u0131n ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 hisseder, geri d\u00f6nemeyeceklerini de bilir. \u0130stanbul\u2019dan ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f nihaidir, bir sondur, sonun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olacak bir geli\u015ftir. Diaspora\u2019n\u0131n kaderi olacak olan bir \u2018gerilemenin\u2019 ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131 daha o y\u0131llarda at\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u015eahnur\u2019un roman\u0131 ve ileriki y\u0131llarda yay\u0131mlayaca\u011f\u0131 hik\u00e2yeleri bu durumu aktarmaktad\u0131r. Bu gerileme \u015fanl\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r, sessizce, suskunca ya\u015fanacakt\u0131r\u2026<\/p>\n

    Da\u011f\u0131lma hik\u00e2yesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Zaman onlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rd\u0131. Felaketin ilk aylar\u0131nda Paris kald\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u00e7ocuk ya\u015fta olan gen\u00e7ler sonsuz bir sevgi ve \u015fefkatle birbirlerine sokulmu\u015f, ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Do\u011fdu\u011fu yerden, ailesinden, gelecekten kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Ermeni \u00e7ocuklar o g\u00fcnlerde yollar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f, bir m\u00fcddet ge\u00e7ip de ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine basmaya ba\u015flay\u0131p, b\u0131y\u0131klar\u0131 terleyene kadar birbirine yaslanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Fakat ge\u00e7en y\u0131llar onlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rd\u0131. Yeni yeni olu\u015fan benlikler, yelpaze misali hayat\u0131n ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yollar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p birbirlerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131. Zor hayat ko\u015fullar\u0131, ihtiya\u00e7lar, hele bir de hareketli bir hayat bu mecalsiz grubun \u00fczerinden esti ge\u00e7ti. Hepsi bir da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131lar, t\u00fcyler u\u00e7u\u015ftu. Marianne kar\u015f\u0131 konulmaz cazibesiyle her birine yana\u015ft\u0131, oraya buraya s\u00fcr\u00fckledi. Neresi olursa olsun, kazanan hep ayn\u0131yd\u0131. Hep ayn\u0131 Nenettelerin, Manonlar\u0131n, Ninonlar\u0131n, Nanalar\u0131n torunuydu. Kimisi evlendi, \u00e7o\u011fu sevgilileriyle ya\u015fad\u0131, Ermeni Kilisesi bo\u015fald\u0131, giden mektuplar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 azald\u0131 ve tabii ki, uzaklarda analar hep a\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

    \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un eserleri iki elin parmaklar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7mez. Bu noktada Armen Lubin mahlas\u0131 ile Frans\u0131zca yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiirleri hesaba katm\u0131yorum. \u0130leriki y\u0131llarda roman yazmayacak, hik\u00e2yeler yazmayacak, uzun y\u0131llar kalaca\u011f\u0131 hastane kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan arada s\u0131rada Hara\u00e7\u2019a yollayaca\u011f\u0131 kuvvetli, her c\u00fcmlesi uzun uzun irdelenmesi gereken, \u00e7o\u011fu kez b\u00fcy\u00fck tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da beraberinde getiren makaleleriyle varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatacakt\u0131. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden y\u0131llar sonra bug\u00fcn dahi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi\u2026<\/p>\n

    *Roman Kahramanlar\u0131 dergisinin Ekim-Aral\u0131k 2014 tarihli 20. say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan yaz\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f ve geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f halidir.<\/p>\n

    http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/16872\/ermeni-ruhunun-kurnasi-istanbul-ve-sahan-sahnurun-donusu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Sevan De\u011firmenciyan\u00a0 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131, tarihi boyunca \u00fczerinde var oldu\u011fu co\u011frafyalarla ilgili olarak farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stererek de\u011fi\u015fik hallere b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc. Ermeni kimli\u011fi, dili ve bu ba\u011flamda \u2018kaybedilmi\u015f vatan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ok\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde edebiyat ele\u015ftirmeni Sevan De\u011firmenciyan, Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi, \u0130stanbul-Diaspora ikilemi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere sadece edebiyat\u0131n de\u011fil, kimli\u011fin de par\u00e7as\u0131 olan temel tart\u0131\u015fmaya \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 sorularla katk\u0131 sunuyor. Ermeni […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":42584,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54,70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\n\u2018Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019 ve \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc* - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u2018Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019 ve \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc* - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sevan De\u011firmenciyan\u00a0 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131, tarihi boyunca \u00fczerinde var oldu\u011fu co\u011frafyalarla ilgili olarak farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stererek de\u011fi\u015fik hallere b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc. Ermeni kimli\u011fi, dili ve bu ba\u011flamda \u2018kaybedilmi\u015f vatan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ok\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde edebiyat ele\u015ftirmeni Sevan De\u011firmenciyan, Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi, \u0130stanbul-Diaspora ikilemi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere sadece edebiyat\u0131n de\u011fil, kimli\u011fin de par\u00e7as\u0131 olan temel tart\u0131\u015fmaya \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 sorularla katk\u0131 sunuyor. Ermeni […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-11-03T08:08:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/11\/\u015eahan-\u015eahnur.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"450\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"19 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583\",\"name\":\"\u2018Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019 ve \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc* - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/11\/\u015eahan-\u015eahnur.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-11-03T08:08:46+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/11\/\u015eahan-\u015eahnur.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/11\/\u015eahan-\u015eahnur.jpg\",\"width\":300,\"height\":450},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u2018Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019 ve \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc*\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/\",\"name\":\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?author=7\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u2018Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019 ve \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc* - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u2018Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019 ve \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc* - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Sevan De\u011firmenciyan\u00a0 Ermeni edebiyat\u0131, tarihi boyunca \u00fczerinde var oldu\u011fu co\u011frafyalarla ilgili olarak farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stererek de\u011fi\u015fik hallere b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc. Ermeni kimli\u011fi, dili ve bu ba\u011flamda \u2018kaybedilmi\u015f vatan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ok\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde edebiyat ele\u015ftirmeni Sevan De\u011firmenciyan, Ermeni edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi, \u0130stanbul-Diaspora ikilemi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere sadece edebiyat\u0131n de\u011fil, kimli\u011fin de par\u00e7as\u0131 olan temel tart\u0131\u015fmaya \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 sorularla katk\u0131 sunuyor. Ermeni […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2016-11-03T08:08:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":300,"height":450,"url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/11\/\u015eahan-\u015eahnur.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"19 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583","name":"\u2018Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019 ve \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc* - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/11\/\u015eahan-\u015eahnur.jpg","datePublished":"2016-11-03T08:08:46+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/11\/\u015eahan-\u015eahnur.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/11\/\u015eahan-\u015eahnur.jpg","width":300,"height":450},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42583#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u2018Ermeni ruhunun kurnas\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019 ve \u015eahan \u015eahnur\u2019un d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc*"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/","name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e","name":"admin","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?author=7"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42583","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=42583"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42583\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42585,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42583\/revisions\/42585"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/42584"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=42583"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=42583"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=42583"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}