{"id":42044,"date":"2016-09-26T01:54:45","date_gmt":"2016-09-26T06:54:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044"},"modified":"2016-09-26T01:54:45","modified_gmt":"2016-09-26T06:54:45","slug":"bitlis-ve-musta-ermeniler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044","title":{"rendered":"Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019ta Ermeniler"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Bitlis<\/a>Ferda Balancar<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Son y\u0131llarda s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih ve yerel kent tarihi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki yo\u011funla\u015fma, insanlarda farkl\u0131 \u015fehirlerin tarihine d\u00f6n\u00fck bir merak yaratt\u0131. Tarih\u00e7i ve yazar Richard G. Hovannisian taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlanan \u2018Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019 kitab\u0131 da bu merak\u0131 giderecek t\u00fcrde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biri. Aras Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan kitap, Hovannisian taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlanan ve 14 kitaptan olu\u015fan \u2018Tarihi Kentler ve Ermeniler\u2019 dizisinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede yay\u0131mlanan ilk eseri olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u0130lk kez ABD\u2019de 2002\u2019de yay\u0131mlanmaya ba\u015flayan kitap dizisinin di\u011fer kitaplar\u0131 da Aras Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yay\u0131n program\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Serinin ikinci kitab\u0131 olan \u2018Van ve Ermeniler\u2019 de Kas\u0131m\u2019da okurlarla bulu\u015facak.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2018Tarihi Kentler ve Ermeniler\u2019 dizisinin ilk kitab\u0131 olan \u2018Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019u yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlayan tarih\u00e7i Richard G. Hovannisian, kitab\u0131n giri\u015fi niteli\u011findeki \u2018Ermeni Pa\u011fe\u015f\/Bitlis ve Daron\/Mu\u015f\u2019 adl\u0131 makalesinde Bitlis (Pa\u011fe\u015f) ve Mu\u015f (Daron) hakk\u0131nda H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze uzanan tarihi bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131yor. Hovannisian, Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019un Ermeni tarihindeki \u00f6zel yerine dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fi makalesinde, bu iki kentin tarihiyle ilgili bug\u00fcne kadar akademik d\u00fcnyada yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n eksik y\u00f6nlerine de dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

Pa\u011fe\u015f ve Daron<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hovannisian\u2019\u0131n giri\u015f makalesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, kitapta 11 farkl\u0131 yazar\u0131n makaleleri yer al\u0131yor. Robert Hewsen, \u2018Pa\u011fe\u015f\/Bitlis ve Daron\/Mu\u015f\u2019un Tarihi Co\u011frafyas\u0131\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde, antik Pa\u011fe\u015f (Bitlis) ve Daron\u2019un (Mu\u015f), Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da \u2018Duruperan\u2019\u0131n ve modern \u00e7a\u011fda Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019un co\u011frafi ve tarihi arka plan\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Yazar bu yer adlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kenlerini de ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Nina Garso\u00efan, \u2018Erken D\u00f6nem Ermeni H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Merkezi Olarak Daron\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde, Daron\u2019un, E\u00e7miadzin ile ili\u015fkilendirilen ve Surp Krikor Lusavori\u00e7 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Kapadokya\u2019daki Kaisereia (Kayseri) ile ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olan resmi hiyerar\u015fik kiliseye k\u0131yasla, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u2018g\u00fcneyli\u2019 (ve daha demokratik) bir ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n odak noktas\u0131 oldu\u011funu, birincil kaynaklar\u0131 inceleyerek \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Levon Avdoyan \u2018Feodal Tarihler: Daronlu Mamigonyanlara ve Pakradunilere Sayg\u0131 Duru\u015fu\u2019 adl\u0131 makalesinde, Ermeni tarihinde Daron\/Duruperan\u2019\u0131n yerinin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmenin bir y\u00f6ntemi olarak Daron\u2019un iki \u00f6nemli \u2018nakharar\u2019 (soylu) s\u00fclalesi olan Mamigonyan ve Pakraduni s\u00fclalelerine odaklan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bizans\u2019ta durum<\/strong><\/p>\n

Speros Vryonis Jr., \u2018Bizans Egemenli\u011findeki Daron\u2019da Ermeniler ve Yunanlar\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde Bizans ve Daron ile kentin Ermeni se\u00e7kinleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri de\u011ferlendiriyor. Yazar, \u00f6zellikle 10. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan sonra Ermeni-Bizans ili\u015fkilerini etkileyen co\u011frafi ve tarihi fakt\u00f6rleri sunuyor. Daronlu ya da Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinden baz\u0131 \u00f6nde gelen ki\u015filer, daha sonra Bizans\u2019ta vali, general, hatta imparator ve patrik oldular. Bizans\u2019a entegre olan bu se\u00e7kinlerin Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zelliklerini ne derece koruduklar\u0131, bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde sorulan sorulardan biri olarak \u00f6nce \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Robert Thomson, \u2018Bitlis ve Ermeni Tarihleri\u2019 adl\u0131 makalesinde, Bitlis\u2019in, elyazmalar\u0131n\u0131n kopyalanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir hattatl\u0131k merkezi oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

Christina Maranci, \u2018Pa\u011fe\u015f\/Bitlis ve Daron\/Mu\u015f\u2019un Sanat ve Mimarisi\u2019 adl\u0131 makalesinde, Pa\u011fe\u015f ve Daron\u2019un sanat ve mimarisini inceliyor, \u00f6zellikle de Surp Arakelots (Havariler) ve Surp Garabed manast\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnde duruyor.<\/p>\n

Halk\u0131n nabz\u0131 olarak kolofonlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nona Manoukian, \u2018Ya\u015famsal Bilgi Kaynaklar\u0131 Olarak Duruperan\u2019\u0131n Ermeni Kolofonlar\u0131\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde Pa\u011fe\u015f ve Daron da dahil olmak \u00fczere Duruperan\u2019da \u00fcretilen elyazmalar\u0131n\u0131n kolofonlar\u0131n\u0131 inceliyor. Kolofon; yazmalar\u0131n ya da erken d\u00f6nem bas\u0131mlar\u0131n sonunda yer alan, kitaba ili\u015fkin bilgiler<\/p>\n

i\u00e7eren b\u00f6l\u00fcm anlam\u0131na geliyor. Yazar, k\u00e2tiplerin kopya ettikleri elyazmalar\u0131na eklenen kolofonlar\u0131 \u2018yaz\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 tarihteki ko\u015fullara ili\u015fkin, bize uzanan bilgi dalgalar\u0131\u2019 olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Kolofonlar, okuyucunun k\u00e2tiplerin b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 izlerden yola \u00e7\u0131karak ge\u00e7mi\u015fin par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmesine olanak sa\u011flar. Yazar, kolofonun, bir elyazmas\u0131n\u0131n nabz\u0131, \u2018n\u00fcfus k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131\u2019 oldu\u011funu ve par\u00e7a par\u00e7a olarak verdi\u011fi hayati bilgilerin \u2018bir halk\u0131n kalbinin \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019 haline geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Thomas Sinclair, \u2018Karakoyunlular D\u00f6neminde Ermeniler ve Bitlis\u2019in K\u00fcrt Emirleri\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde, K\u00fcrt a\u015firetlerinin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, bunlar\u0131n devletle, birbirleriyle ve n\u00fcfusun en b\u00fcy\u00fck unsurunu olu\u015fturan Ermenilerle ili\u015fkilerini yorumluyor.<\/p>\n

Vahram Shemmassian da, \u201819. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Halep\u2019te Sasunlu Bantukhdlar\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Bitlis vilayetinin da\u011fl\u0131k Sasun b\u00f6lgesindeki k\u00f6ylerinden gelmi\u015f Halep\u2019teki g\u00f6\u00e7menleri \u00fcst\u00fcnde yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131yor. Yazar onlar\u0131n k\u00f6klerinden ac\u0131kl\u0131 ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, zorlu yolculuklar\u0131n\u0131, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerleri, mesleklerini ve ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imlerini anlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u20181914-16\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019un yok edilmesi, Christopher Walker\u2019\u0131n birincil belgelere ve an\u0131lara dayanan \u2018Ermeni Daron ve Pa\u011fe\u015f\u2019in Sonu: 1914-1916\u2019 makalesinin konusunu olu\u015fturuyor. Walker, su\u00e7lular\u0131, kurbanlar\u0131 ve tan\u0131klar\u0131 anlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u2018Pa\u011fe\u015f\u2019in Dut Kokulu Havas\u0131: Saroyan\u2019\u0131n Bitlis Aray\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019 adl\u0131 makalesindeyse David Calonne, William Saroyan\u2019\u0131n zihninde ve kaleminde Bitlis\u2019in hangi bi\u00e7imlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc inceliyor.<\/p>\n

\u2018Tarihi Kentler ve Ermeniler\u2019 dizisinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131mlanan ilk kitab\u0131 \u2018Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019, Ermenilerin sadece siyasi tarihine de\u011fil, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel tarihine dair de \u00e7ok zengin bir bilgi da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunuyor. Seride Kas\u0131m\u2019da yine Aras Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kacak \u2018Van ve Ermenilerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u015fu kitaplar yer al\u0131yor: \u2018Harput\u2019, \u2018Erzurum\u2019, \u2018Sivas\u2019, \u2018Diyarbak\u0131r ve Urfa\u2019, \u2018Kilikya\u2019, \u2018Pontus\u2019, \u2018\u0130stanbul\u2019, \u2018Kars ve Ani\u2019, \u2018\u0130zmir\u2019, \u2018Kayseri ve Kapadokya\u2019, \u2018K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019ve \u2018Musa Da\u011f\u2019.<\/p>\n

Kitaptan\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ki b\u00f6lge, iki s\u00fclale\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneybat\u0131 kesiminin, en erken Ermeni yerle\u015fim merkezlerinden biri oldu\u011fu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Yabanc\u0131 yaz\u0131tlarda, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan birka\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde, bilinen ilk Ermeni krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 hen\u00fcz ufukta belirmemi\u015fken, bu b\u00f6lgede proto-Ermeni ve Ermeni n\u00fcfuslar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na de\u011finilir. Toros Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kuzey yama\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki, F\u0131rat Nehri\u2019nin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kollar\u0131yla kesilen bu sarp, g\u00fczel topraklarda, biri stratejik bir da\u011f ge\u00e7idi boyunca uzanan, \u00f6teki bereketli bir yaylada konumlanm\u0131\u015f Pa\u011fe\u015f (Bitlis) ve Daron (Mu\u015f) do\u011fmu\u015ftur. \u0130ki b\u00f6lge, Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da Duruperan\u2019da, akabinde K\u00fcrt emirliklerinde ve daha da sonra, \u00f6nce Mu\u015f, ard\u0131ndan Bitlis vilayetlerinde oldu\u011fu gibi \u00e7o\u011fu kez ayn\u0131 eyalete dahil edilmi\u015ftir; ancak zaman zaman kendi soylu nakharar s\u00fclaleleri ya da beyliklerinin y\u00f6netiminde ayr\u0131 birimler olmu\u015flard\u0131r. MS 5. y\u00fczy\u0131la gelindi\u011finde b\u00f6lgenin hemen t\u00fcm\u00fc, Ermeni silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerinin komutanlar\u0131 (\u0131sbarabed) ve Ermeni H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n savunucular\u0131 olan yi\u011fit Mamigonyanlar y\u00f6netiminde birle\u015fmi\u015fti. Bu s\u00fclalenin y\u00fczy\u0131llar i\u00e7inde sava\u015flar nedeniyle zay\u0131flamas\u0131,\u00a0becerikli ve anlay\u0131\u015fl\u0131 Pakradunilerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7t\u0131. Bunlar Ba\u011fdat\u2019taki halife, yerel M\u00fcsl\u00fcman emirler ve Konstantinopolis\u2019teki imparator ile e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak m\u00fczakere eden, B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan\u2019daki son Ermeni krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131yd\u0131lar. Ama sonra, 11. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n \u2013Bizans, Sel\u00e7uklu, Mo\u011fol, K\u00fcrt, T\u00fcrkmen ve Osmanl\u0131\u2013 y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca kesintisiz s\u00fcrecek, genelde bask\u0131c\u0131 idaresi ba\u015flad\u0131. Gene de Sasun gibi birka\u00e7 da\u011fl\u0131k, \u00fccra yerde Ermeni \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ruhu ya\u015fad\u0131 ve zaman zaman alevlendi.<\/p>\n

(Richard G. Hovhannisian, \u2018Ermeni Pa\u011fe\u015f\/Bitlis ve Daron\/Mu\u015f\u2019)<\/em><\/p>\n

1910\u2019dan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni Kilisesi, Bitlis vilayetini \u00fc\u00e7 piskoposluk b\u00f6lgesine ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131: Mu\u015f\u2019ta bir ba\u015fpiskopos, Bitlis ve Siirt\u2019te piskoposlar vard\u0131. Ermeni Patrikli\u011fi\u2019ne g\u00f6re 1910\u2019da vilayette 462 kilise b\u00f6lgesi ile 361kilise bulunuyordu. Buna g\u00f6re, 100 k\u00fcsur b\u00f6lgenin ibadethanesinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k bir manzara ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Ermeni Katolik Kilisesi b\u00fcnyesinde Van ve Bitlis vilayetleri birlikte tek bir kilise b\u00f6lgesi olu\u015fturuyor, piskopos Mu\u015f\u2019ta ikamet ediyordu. Ancak, 200 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre sonra b\u00f6lgede Ermeni Katolikli\u011fi\u2019nin yitip gitmek \u00fczere oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 1914\u2019te Mu\u015f Ovas\u0131, Mu\u015f\u2019taki 125 Ermeni Katolik<\/p>\n

hanenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, t\u00fcm \u00e7evrede yaln\u0131zca \u00fc\u00e7 Ermeni Katolik k\u00f6y\u00fc bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yordu. Bir zamanlar Cizvitlerin misyonerlik \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n merkezlerinden olan Bitlis\u2019teki Katolik cemaat 1913\u2019e var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda<\/p>\n

da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Cizvitler \u00e7oktan misyonlar\u0131n\u0131 Mezopotamya d\u00fczl\u00fcklerinin \u00e7ok daha g\u00fcneyine, Musul\u2019un daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 iklimine ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Amerikan misyonerlik faaliyetleri sonucu Bitlis\u2019te Protestanlar vard\u0131 ama Mu\u015f\u2019ta bunlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 azd\u0131. Daha \u00f6nce belirtildi\u011fi gibi \u00e7ok say\u0131da Keldani Katoli\u011fin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Siirt kazas\u0131nda Keldanilerin en az \u00fc\u00e7 piskoposlu\u011fu bulunuyordu. Bitlis\u2019in de kendi Keldani Katolik piskoposu vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bitlis vilayeti Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda a\u011f\u0131r bir darbe yedi. Sasun, \u00e7ok \u00f6nceden, daha 1894\u2019te k\u0131y\u0131mlara sahne oldu; 1895\u2019te ise Mu\u015f ve Bitlis katliama u\u011frad\u0131 ve yaln\u0131zca Bitlis\u2019te 600 ila 800 Ermeni \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, k\u00f6ylerde \u00e7ok daha fazlas\u0131 \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 benimsemeye zorland\u0131. Ancak 1915 yaz\u0131nda vilayetin t\u00fcm Ermeni n\u00fcfusu \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ya da Mezopotamya\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bitlis\u2019in Ermeni piskoposu Ye\u011fi\u015fe ile<\/p>\n

Keldani Katolik Piskopos Monseny\u00f6r Adday \u015eer diri diri yak\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bundan k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra Mu\u015f\u2019un Ermeni Katolik Piskoposu Monseny\u00f6r Hagop Topuzyan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra Mustafa Kemal (Atat\u00fcrk) taraf\u0131ndan kurulan yeni T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde, T\u00fcrk eyaletlerinin idaresinde b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131ld\u0131. Eski Osmanl\u0131 vilayetleri da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n<\/p>\n

alt\u0131ndaki sancaklar, baz\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle yeni T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u2018il\u2019leri oldu. B\u00f6ylece, eski Daron beyli\u011fi bug\u00fcn Mu\u015f ili olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir, ama B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n eski Daron y\u00f6resi ile<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Bitlis vilayeti art\u0131k mevcut de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Mu\u015f Ovas\u0131 her zamanki kadar zengin ve bereketlidir ama n\u00fcfusu h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan Mu\u015f, iyi bir oteli ve birka\u00e7 Bat\u0131 tarz\u0131 d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 olan, hareketli bir kent haline gelerek baz\u0131 eski Ermeni k\u00f6ylerini i\u00e7ine alacak kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, \u015fimdi bu k\u00f6yler kentin banliy\u00f6leri olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n birinde yard\u0131msever bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir ambar\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p, \u00fcst\u00fcnde ha\u00e7lar \u00e7izili ve mum duman\u0131ndan kararm\u0131\u015f bir ni\u015fi g\u00f6steriyor. \u00c7ocuklu\u011funda ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n buraya gelip dua ettiklerini anlat\u0131yor. Modern Daron\u2019da dikkati \u00e7eken en h\u00fcz\u00fcnl\u00fc \u015fey ova k\u00f6ylerinin Ermenice adlar\u0131n\u0131n toptan de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesidir \u2013 T\u0131vnig (Durug\u00f6ze), Khoronk (Harman), Nor \u015een (Sungu), Marnig (G\u00f6kyaz\u0131), Vartenis (Alt\u0131nova), Hatsig (G\u00fcven), Til (Korkut), O\u011fagan (Mercimekkale), Me\u011fdi (Yayg\u0131n), Ts\u0131ronk (K\u0131rk\u00f6y), Arnist (Kap\u0131l\u0131), Koms (Bozbulutlar) bu k\u00f6yler durmaktad\u0131r ama isimleri yok olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6te yandan, en dokunakl\u0131 deneyim, Mu\u015flular\u0131n, b\u00fcy\u00fckannesi Ermeni oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kenti ziyaret eden Ermenilerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda onlara g\u00f6sterdikleri yak\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131r; daha \u00f6nce ba\u015fka bir Ermeni\u2019yle asla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Yerli ile ziyaret\u00e7i birlikte oturup sohbet ederler ama ac\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fe ili\u015fkin fazla bir \u015fey konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 ku\u015fkuludur.<\/p>\n

(Robert H. Hewsen, \u2018Pa\u011fe\u015f\/Bitlis ve Daron\/Mu\u015f\u2019un Tarihi Co\u011frafyas\u0131\u2019)<\/em><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/16584\/bitlis-ve-musta-ermeniler<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ferda Balancar\u00a0 Son y\u0131llarda s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih ve yerel kent tarihi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki yo\u011funla\u015fma, insanlarda farkl\u0131 \u015fehirlerin tarihine d\u00f6n\u00fck bir merak yaratt\u0131. Tarih\u00e7i ve yazar Richard G. Hovannisian taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlanan \u2018Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019 kitab\u0131 da bu merak\u0131 giderecek t\u00fcrde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biri. Aras Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan kitap, Hovannisian taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlanan ve 14 kitaptan olu\u015fan \u2018Tarihi Kentler […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":42045,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42044","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nBitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019ta Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019ta Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ferda Balancar\u00a0 Son y\u0131llarda s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih ve yerel kent tarihi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki yo\u011funla\u015fma, insanlarda farkl\u0131 \u015fehirlerin tarihine d\u00f6n\u00fck bir merak yaratt\u0131. Tarih\u00e7i ve yazar Richard G. Hovannisian taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlanan \u2018Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019 kitab\u0131 da bu merak\u0131 giderecek t\u00fcrde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biri. Aras Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan kitap, Hovannisian taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlanan ve 14 kitaptan olu\u015fan \u2018Tarihi Kentler […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-09-26T06:54:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/09\/Mu\u015f-Ovas\u0131nda-yoksul-k\u00f6yl\u00fcler.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"700\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"335\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044\",\"name\":\"Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019ta Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/09\/Mu\u015f-Ovas\u0131nda-yoksul-k\u00f6yl\u00fcler.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-09-26T06:54:45+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/09\/Mu\u015f-Ovas\u0131nda-yoksul-k\u00f6yl\u00fcler.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2016\/09\/Mu\u015f-Ovas\u0131nda-yoksul-k\u00f6yl\u00fcler.jpg\",\"width\":700,\"height\":335},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019ta Ermeniler\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/\",\"name\":\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?author=7\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019ta Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=42044","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019ta Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Ferda Balancar\u00a0 Son y\u0131llarda s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih ve yerel kent tarihi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki yo\u011funla\u015fma, insanlarda farkl\u0131 \u015fehirlerin tarihine d\u00f6n\u00fck bir merak yaratt\u0131. Tarih\u00e7i ve yazar Richard G. Hovannisian taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlanan \u2018Bitlis ve Mu\u015f\u2019 kitab\u0131 da bu merak\u0131 giderecek t\u00fcrde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biri. 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