{"id":40246,"date":"2016-05-25T05:25:05","date_gmt":"2016-05-25T10:25:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=40246"},"modified":"2016-05-25T05:25:05","modified_gmt":"2016-05-25T10:25:05","slug":"edirnelilerin-bile-bilmedigi-edirneli-ermeniler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=40246","title":{"rendered":"Edirnelilerin bile bilmedi\u011fi Edirneli Ermeniler"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Edirne<\/a>Nazan \u00d6zcan<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn ailesi Edirneli ve anne taraf\u0131ndan Pomak, baba taraf\u0131ndan Selanik g\u00f6\u00e7meni olan ben, Edirne\u2019de ve Trakya\u2019da bir\u00e7ok halk\u0131n oldu\u011funun elbette fark\u0131ndayd\u0131m. Fakat Roy Arakelian\u2019\u0131n \u2018Edirne (Adrianupolis) ve Ermeni Toplumu\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 okurken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir harita Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n Edirne\u2019den ne kadar derinden silindi\u011fini g\u00f6rmeme sebep oldu.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Arakelian\u2019\u0131n kitab\u0131na koydu\u011fu ve Ermeni n\u00fcfusu g\u00f6steren minik bir grafik, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131yla i\u015faretli yerin Edirne\u2019deki tek Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fc oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyordu. \u0130\u015fin en vurucu yan\u0131 ise, \u015fimdi ismi Elmal\u0131 olan o k\u00f6y\u00fcn annemin do\u011fdu\u011fu k\u00f6y olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Sonras\u0131nda biraz ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131nca, k\u00f6y\u00fcn isminin de \u2018Elin Mal\u0131\u2019ndan Elmal\u0131\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rmek \u00e7ok acayip gelmedi. Acayip gelen, bizlere, h\u00e2l\u00e2 day\u0131m\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 o k\u00f6y\u00fcn Ermeni ge\u00e7mi\u015fine dair tek kelime edilmemesiydi.<\/p>\n

\u201cBaba taraf\u0131ndan ailem, \u00fcyeleri \u0130talyan uyru\u011funa kabul edilebildikleri i\u00e7in 1915 s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerinden etkilenmemi\u015fti. Atalar\u0131mdan, Viyana\u2019da mimarl\u0131k yapan biri, o zamanlar Avusturya \u2013Macaristan \u0130mparatorlu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olan Venedik\u2019te Avusturya Macaristan uyru\u011funa ge\u00e7mi\u015f, \u015fehrin 1866\u2019da \u0130talya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na ba\u011flanmas\u0131yla da \u0130talyan olmu\u015ftu. Dahas\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn ailesini \u0130talyan uyru\u011funa ge\u00e7irmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bizzat ben bu uyru\u011fu muhafaza ettim. Buna ra\u011fmen anne taraf\u0131ndan dedem, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu uyruklu M\u0131g\u0131rdi\u00e7 Avedisyan (M\u00fcjdesever) s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerden kurtulamad\u0131. O zamanlar 17-18 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. 27 Ekim 1915 gece yar\u0131s\u0131, annesi Kornilya, babas\u0131 Stepan ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karde\u015fi Aram\u2019la birlikte bask\u0131na u\u011frarlar. K\u0131smen yayan, k\u0131smen hayvan vagonlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u015fimendiferlerle s\u00fcr\u00fclen bu insanlar, \u00e7\u00f6lde, \u015eam yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki bir kampa g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrler. Dedem, Edirne\u2019de Ar\u015fagunyan okulundaki \u00f6\u011frenimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda Almanca da \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Suriye\u2019de \u00fcslenen Osmanl\u0131 ordusuyla Alman ordusu aras\u0131nda terc\u00fcmanl\u0131k yapar. Bu \u00f6l\u00fcm kamp\u0131na ailesiyle birlikte terk edip \u0130stanbul\u2019a gitmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r. Ancak Edirne\u2019deki ev ve Alipa\u015fa pazar\u0131ndaki d\u00fckkan ise m\u00fcsadere ve kesin olarak i\u015fgal edilir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Roy Arakelian, Paros Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k\u2019tan \u00e7\u0131kan Tomas Terziyan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7evirdi\u011fi kitab\u0131 \u2018Edirne (Adrianupolis) ve Ermeni Toplumu\u2019 kitab\u0131nda b\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor aile hik\u00e2yesini. Bu aile hik\u00e2yesi, asl\u0131nda kitab\u0131n sadece \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131. Yoksa 1968\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019da do\u011fan ve 35 y\u0131ld\u0131r Fransa\u2019da ya\u015fayan hukuk doktoru ve avukat Roy Arakelian, \u2018Edirne (Adrianupolis) ve Ermeni Toplumu\u2019 kitab\u0131n\u0131 yazarken ba\u015fka bir \u015feyi dert etmi\u015f: Roma d\u00f6neminden ba\u015flay\u0131p Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu egemenli\u011finde g\u00fc\u00e7 kazanan ve 1915\u2019le yok olan Edirne\u2019deki Ermeni varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tarihi ve sosyolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan incelemek.<\/p>\n

10 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/h4>\n

Roy Arakelian, kitap i\u00e7in 10 y\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Kolay bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan bahsetmiyoruz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Edirne co\u011frafi konumu nedeniyle tarihi Ermeni platosunda yer alm\u0131yor. Bu y\u00fczden eldeki veriler, kaynaklar \u00e7ok k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131. Arakelian\u2019\u0131n kitaptaki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 da burada yat\u0131yor. Bug\u00fcne kadar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f az say\u0131daki ve da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k b\u00fct\u00fcn kaynaklar\u0131 bir araya getirmeye gayret etmi\u015f. Kimi zaman d\u00f6nemin ticaret y\u0131ll\u0131klar\u0131, kimi zaman kilise kay\u0131tlar\u0131, kimi zaman Osmanl\u0131 ar\u015fivleri, kimi zaman tan\u0131kl\u0131klar, kimi zaman ailesinin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc, kimi zaman da Edirneli Ermeniler hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f birka\u00e7 kitap rehberi olmu\u015f ve ortaya derli toplu bir Edirne ve Ermeniler tarihi \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f. \u00dcstelik, kitapta Roy Arakelian\u2019\u0131n ki\u015fisel ar\u015fivinden ve ba\u015fka ar\u015fivlerden nefis foto\u011fraflar var. G\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fczle g\u00f6rmek, Roy Arakelian\u2019\u0131n tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmek, haf\u0131zaya kaz\u0131nmas\u0131na sebep olur.<\/p>\n

Arakelian kitab\u0131nda kentin tarihsel \u00e7izgisini izliyor. Tarihsel \u00e7izgisine Roma d\u00f6nemindeki ismiyle Andrianupolis\u2019teki Ermeni varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ba\u015fl\u0131yor, Bizans ve Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne de bak\u0131yor. Akabinde Adrianupolis\u2019in Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na ge\u00e7mesine ve Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131 ve 1915\u2019te yok olan Ermeni varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131yor. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ise Ermenilerin say\u0131s\u0131ndan mahallelerine, Ermenilerin icra etti\u011fi mesleklere ve Ermeni cemaatinin ileri gelenlerine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutuyor. En son b\u00f6l\u00fcm ise Arakelian\u2019\u0131n aile hat\u0131ralar\u0131na ait. S\u00f6z aile hat\u0131ralar\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fken, kitapla ilgili kendi ad\u0131ma en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 noktay\u0131 yazmadan ge\u00e7mek olmazd\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn ailesi Edirneli ve anne taraf\u0131ndan Pomak, baba taraf\u0131ndan Selanik g\u00f6\u00e7meni olan ben, Edirne\u2019de ve Trakya\u2019da bir\u00e7ok halk\u0131n oldu\u011funun elbette fark\u0131ndayd\u0131m. Rumlar, Yahudiler, Pomaklar, Gacallar, Muhacirler, yerliler, Yunanlar, \u00c7ingeneler hep hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7indeydi. Fakat Roy Arakelian\u2019\u0131n kitab\u0131n\u0131 okurken, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir harita Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n Edirne\u2019den ne kadar derinden silindi\u011fini g\u00f6rmeme sebep oldu. Roy Arakelian\u2019\u0131n kitaba koydu\u011fu ve Ermeni n\u00fcfusu g\u00f6steren minik bir grafik, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131yla i\u015faretli yerin Edirne\u2019deki tek Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fc oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyordu. \u0130\u015fin en vurucu yan\u0131 ise \u015fimdi ismi Elmal\u0131 olan o k\u00f6y\u00fcn annemin do\u011fdu\u011fu k\u00f6y olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Sonras\u0131nda biraz ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131nca, k\u00f6y\u00fcn isminin de \u2018Elin Mal\u0131\u2019ndan Elmal\u0131\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rmek \u00e7ok acayip gelmedi. Acayip gelen, hala day\u0131m\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 o k\u00f6y\u00fcn Ermeni ge\u00e7mi\u015fine dair bizlere tek kelime edilmemesiydi.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan \u00f6nce<\/h4>\n

Yazar\u0131n takip etti\u011fi tarihsel \u00e7izgiye uyarak gidelim. Arakelian, ilk \u00f6nce Roma d\u00f6nemine bak\u0131yor, arkas\u0131ndan Bizans y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131nda Bizans imparatorlar\u0131n\u0131n Ermeni soylular\u0131ndan \u00e7ok say\u0131da temsilciyi maiyetleriyle birlikte Balkanlar\u2019a g\u00f6ndermeyi adet edindiklerini anlat\u0131yor. 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ermeni tarih\u00e7i Sebeos \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yor: \u201c\u0130mparator \u015fu ferman\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131: Ermenistan\u2019dan hara\u00e7 olarak al\u0131nacak 30 bin atl\u0131ya ihtiyac\u0131m var, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 30 bin ailenin bir araya gelip Trakya\u2019ya yerle\u015fmesi gerekmektedir.\u201d Elbette gelenlerin kaynak g\u00f6stererek kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ispatlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil ama kald\u0131klar\u0131 kesin. Adrianupolis Ermenilerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 9. ve 11. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131nda yani Bizans\u2019\u0131n Makedonyal\u0131 Hanedan\u0131 d\u00f6neminde daha da belirginlik kazan\u0131yor. Hi\u00e7bir kaynak Bizans d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in Adrianupolis\u2019teki Ermeni n\u00fcfusuyla ilgili bir de\u011ferlendirme vermiyor. Ama kitapta tarih\u00e7i Adonts, o d\u00f6nemdeki sava\u015flar s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u201c\u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni\u2019nin tutsaklar aras\u0131nda boy g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini\u201d yaz\u0131yor. \u201cYa da ganimetler aras\u0131nda Ermeni i\u015fi hal\u0131lar, y\u00fcn \u00f6rt\u00fcler ya da her t\u00fcrl\u00fc giysi oldu\u011fu\u201dnu kay\u0131tlar\u0131na ge\u00e7iriyor. T\u0131pk\u0131, Bulgarlara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fa kat\u0131lmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in Bizans taraf\u0131ndan Trakya\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilen Ermenilerin askeri i\u015flevleriyle ilgili \u00f6nemli mevkiler i\u015fgal ettikleri kay\u0131tlarda oldu\u011fu gibi.<\/p>\n

Adrianupolis \u0130ncili<\/h4>\n

\u201cErmenilerin Adrianupolis\u2019teki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli ve somut bir tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 11. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131na tarihlenmektedir. S\u00f6z konusu olan Adrianupolis \u0130ncili\u2019dir. Bilinen en eski Ermenice el yazmalar\u0131ndan biri olan Adrianupolis \u0130ncili, 1007\u2019de burada kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ermenice yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu \u015fehirle m\u00fcsemma \u0130ncil, Bug\u00fcn Venedik Aziz Lazarus Adas\u0131\u2019ndaki M\u0131khitaristlerin k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinde muhafaza edilen \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc en eski el yazmas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diye anlat\u0131yor Arakelian. Sonra devam ediyor: \u201cBir Ermeni\u2019nin tarihi Ermenistan topraklar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir Ermeni i\u00e7in kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu eser b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6neme sahiptir. Ger\u00e7ekten bizzat Adrianupolis ve bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgede hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r bir Ermeni kolonisinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r.\u201d \u0130ncili sipari\u015f eden Hovhannes isimli bir asker, kaleme alan ise Karikos isimli bir rahip.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Edirnesi<\/h4>\n

Edirne, 1316\u2019da I. Murat taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131yor ve ba\u015f\u015fehir oluyor.\u00a0 Arakelian anlats\u0131n: \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck bir ihtimalle Ermeni t\u00fcccarlar, sultanlar\u0131n getirdi\u011fi canl\u0131l\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, saray\u0131n ya da ordunun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tatmin i\u00e7in kalabal\u0131k bir halde oraya y\u00f6nelmi\u015f olmal\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylece Ermenilerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili belli say\u0131da tan\u0131kl\u0131k zikredebiliriz. S\u00f6z gelimi 1605\u2019te Malatya \u015fehrindeki bir Ermeni aileden Ermeni S\u00fcleyman Pa\u015fa ad\u0131nda biri, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p gerekli kademeleri a\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra Osmanl\u0131 hiyerar\u015fisi i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli bir simaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr ve Sultan\u2019\u0131n saray\u0131n\u0131n idareci\u011finin yapar.\u201d Fakat tats\u0131z olaylar da ya\u015fan\u0131r. Lamartine\u2019in aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u201cEvlendi\u011fi g\u00fcn adet oldu\u011fu \u00fczere sar\u0131 terlikler giyen gen\u00e7 bir Ermeni, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn alay\u0131 ve ni\u015fanl\u0131s\u0131ndan kopar\u0131larak \u00f6l\u00fcmle cezaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Delikanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara has giysiler ku\u015fanmak su\u00e7unu i\u015flemi\u015ftir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Selimiye\u2019nin minareleri<\/h4>\n

Elbette neredeyse Selimiye Camii\u2019yle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmi\u015f olan Edirne\u2019yi anlat\u0131rken Roy Arakelian Mimar Sinan\u2019a atlamayacakt\u0131r. \u2018Sinan sayesinde y\u00fccelme\u2019 \u00fcst ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00f6zel b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Arakelian \u015funlar\u0131 anlat\u0131yor: \u201cEn \u00f6nemli olaylardan biri Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 dev\u015firme Mimar Sinan\u2019\u0131n 1569\u2019da Sultan II. Selim\u2019in buyurdu\u011fu Selimiye Camii\u2019nin in\u015faat\u0131na ba\u015flamak \u00fczere \u015fehre gelmesidir. Sinan, Selimiye Camii d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Edirne\u2019ye on be\u015f kadar eser kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cami kadar \u00f6nemli olan Ali Pa\u015fa \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131\u2019d\u0131r.\u00a0 Bug\u00fcn Sinan\u2019\u0131n Ermeni k\u00f6kenli olu\u015fu ve \u00fcn\u00fc ile ilgili belli bir siyasi arka-planla orant\u0131l\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131. Oysa \u015fehrin Ermenilerinin bu konuda herhangi bir ku\u015fkular\u0131 yapt\u0131. Toplayabildi\u011fim\u00a0 tan\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n hepsi, bu noktada birle\u015fiyor. Edirneli Ermenilerin ortak belle\u011finde Ermeniler, Sinan ve i\u015f\u00e7ileri aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcyd\u00fc.\u201d\u00a0 Arakelian\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ok\u00e7a referans ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hagop A\u011fasyan\u2019\u0131n 1935\u2019te Plovdiv\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan \u2018Adrianupolis\u2019in Ermeni Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 kitab\u0131ndan da al\u0131nt\u0131 yapar: \u201cTan\u0131yabildi\u011fim, bu \u015fehrin yerlisi Ermeniler, aile \u00fcyelerinin Sinan\u2019\u0131n idaresi alt\u0131ndaki caminin in\u015faat\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 gururla anlat\u0131yorlard\u0131. O d\u00f6nemde bir\u00e7ok Ermeni meslekta\u015f\u0131 ve zanaatk\u00e2r\u0131n, Selimiye Camii\u2019nin in\u015faat\u0131n\u0131 kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in Edirne\u2019ye yerle\u015fmeye geldiklerine hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphe yok. Kendisi de Ermeni oldu\u011fundan, eserlerini icra etmek i\u00e7in ata vergiyi ustal\u0131klar\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fc Ermeni i\u015f\u00e7ileri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 pek tabiidir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften gelen bilgilerimiz, Selimiye Camii\u2019nin in\u015faat\u0131nda Sinan\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 gereken ta\u015f\u00e7\u0131, duvarc\u0131, demirci, marangoz ve di\u011fer mesleklerden iki y\u00fcz elli kadar Ermeni\u2019den bahsediyor. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131, sonradan bulunduklar\u0131 yere yerle\u015ferek \u015fehirde ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Sinan\u2019\u0131n Ermenili\u011fi, 1785 tarihli Pyssonnel isimli birini yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitapta \u015f\u00f6yle bir anekdotta yer al\u0131r: \u201cSultan Selim, biri \u0130stanbul di\u011feri Edirne\u2019de bulunan muhte\u015fem ibadethanelerini in\u015fa i\u015fini bir Ermeni\u2019ye emanet eder.\u201d<\/p>\n

19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ermeni n\u00fcfus<\/h4>\n

Yazar, Sinan\u2019dan sonra Edirne\u2019ye daha detayl\u0131 bakabiliyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc art\u0131k kaynaklar biraz daha fazlala\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201c 1700 ve 1750 aras\u0131nda, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 200 bin ki\u015fi tahmin edilen n\u00fcfusuyla Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerinden biri. Ermeni t\u00fcccarlar da oraya yerle\u015firler. Faal bir Ermeni kilisesi tan\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131, \u015fehirde hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r ve etkili bir dini varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6sterebilecek onlarca tan\u0131kl\u0131k var\u201d diye ba\u015fl\u0131yor bu b\u00f6l\u00fcme ve devam\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle getiriyor: \u201cEdirne muhtemelen 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki kadar \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni\u2019yi bir arada g\u00f6rmemi\u015fti. Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz, bizzat \u015fehirde be\u015f binden fazla ki\u015fi ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. 1874\u2019te demiryolunun gelmesi daha da \u00e7ok Ermeni\u2019yi b\u00f6lgeye \u00e7ekerek \u0130stanbul\u2019la olan ba\u011flar\u0131 ziyadesiyle peki\u015ftirecektir. \u015eehrin tarihi surlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunan At Pazar\u0131 Mahallesi, bu d\u00f6nemde geli\u015fecek ve bir Ermeni Kilisesi ile okulu yine bu d\u00f6nemde hayata ge\u00e7irilecektir. Edirne\u2019deki Ermeni toplumunun yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 da yine 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecektir. \u015eehir elli y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde ve tarihinde ilk kez, e\u011fitimdeki geli\u015fme sayesinde \u0130stanbul\u2019a iki patrik verecektir. 1. Bo\u011fos Kirkoryan (1815-1823) ve Sarkis Kuyumcuyan (1860-1861).\u201d \u015eehir ve hayat geli\u015firken, Osmanl\u0131 siyaseti ve entelekt\u00fcel hayat\u0131 da bundan pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015feni alacakt\u0131r. 1876\u2019n\u0131n I. Kurucu Meclisi\u2019ne Edirne mebusu Rupen Yaz\u0131c\u0131yan gidecek, ayn\u0131 g\u00f6revi 1908 Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ilan\u0131ndan sonra II. Kurucu Meclis s\u0131ras\u0131nda Tekirda\u011f mebusu olarak Hagop Babikyan \u00fcstlenecektir.<\/p>\n

Ve 1915<\/h4>\n

\u201cOsmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun tamam\u0131n\u0131 etkisi alt\u0131na alan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k d\u00f6nemi, Edirne n\u00fcfusunun dalgalar halinde s\u00fcr\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 1915\u2019te en trajik noktas\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131r\u201d diye anlatmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor Arakelian ve \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyor: \u201cA\u011fasyan\u2019a g\u00f6re bir\u00e7ok Ermeni\u2019nin tutuklanmas\u0131, cemaati \u00f6nc\u00fc belirtiler olarak tela\u015fland\u0131rmaya yetmemi\u015fti. Karaa\u011fa\u00e7\u2019ta s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler, 27 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de ba\u015f g\u00f6sterecektir. \u015eehrin merkezindeki tutuklama ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler A\u011fasyan\u2019a g\u00f6re 14, Kevarkyan\u2019a g\u00f6re ise 27-28 Ekim 1915 ak\u015fam\u0131 ba\u015flayacak, bir ba\u015fka dalga da 16 \u015eubat 1916\u2019da ba\u015f g\u00f6sterecektir. Tan\u0131klar, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn emirlerini gece yar\u0131s\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gizlilikle icra edildi\u011fin de birle\u015fiyor. Edirneli Ermeniler, bask\u0131na u\u011frat\u0131l\u0131p Babaeski, Muratl\u0131, Tekirda\u011f \u00fczerinden gemiyle ya \u0130stanbul\u2019a ya da \u0130zmit\u2019e do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, sonra iki kafile halinde, \u0130stanbul-Konya-Pozant\u0131 ekseninde, hayvan vagonlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde demiryoluyla Suriye ya da Mezopotamya\u2019ya yayan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrler.\u201d<\/p>\n

Geriye kalmayanlar<\/h4>\n

Sonra rakamlara geliyor: \u201c1919 sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru Edirne Vilayeti\u2019nde, 1914\u2019ten \u00f6nceki say\u0131ma g\u00f6re 19 bin ki\u015fiden 6 bin ki\u015fi sa\u011f kalm\u0131\u015f olsa gerek. Bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Bulgar yetkililerin m\u00fcdahalesi sayesinde kurtulabilmi\u015f. A\u011fasyan, Yunanlardan bo\u015fald\u0131ktan sonra \u015fehirde 1922\u2019de 127 Ermeni, 1935\u2019te ise 50 Ermeni kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Edirneli tarih\u00e7i Oral Onur, Edirneli Ermenilerle ilgili kitab\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 vesilesiyle yap\u0131lan bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede, \u015fehirde 1950\u2019den itibaren art\u0131k daimi olarak ikamet eden Ermeni kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yordu. \u015eahsen ben 1970\u2019lere kadar bir avu\u00e7 Ermeni kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ama bildi\u011fim kadar\u0131yla bug\u00fcn hepsinin ortadan kayboldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Bug\u00fcn \u015fehirdeki bin y\u0131ll\u0131k Ermeni varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan harabeler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda neredeyse hi\u00e7bir iz kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir zamanlar Ermeni toplumuna ait yap\u0131y\u0131 se\u00e7ebilmek i\u00e7in dikkatli g\u00f6zle bakmak gerekir, b\u00f6ylece Gazi Pa\u015fa Caddesi\u2019nde, Doktor Vasil Mayisyan\u2019\u0131n ailesine ait olan ve bug\u00fcn Mihran Han\u0131m Kona\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan butik otel gibi tipik Ermeni evlerini saptamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Ermeni kilisesi ve okuluna ait, Serhat K\u0131z Meslek Lisesi adl\u0131 okulun yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 binay\u0131, Ermeni ruhban s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ait oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u2018papaz evi\u2019 tabir edilen eski Vali Kona\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bulmak h\u00e2l\u00e2 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Ekrem Demiray Spor Salonu, Surp Toros Kilisesi arsas\u0131 \u00fczerinde yer al\u0131yor. Doktor Artin Bey\u2019in ah\u015fap evini Meydan Mahallesi\u2019nde, Kay\u0131k Caddesi 67 numarada h\u00e2l\u00e2 g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. Evin avlusuna biti\u015fik, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkli ba\u015fka bir bina, bug\u00fcn art\u0131k var olmayan di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 binayla birlikte Ermeni papazlara aitti.\u201d<\/p>\n

N\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h4>\n

Yazar bir\u00e7ok kaynaktan n\u00fcfusla ilgili bilgi toplam\u0131\u015f ve bunlar\u0131 belli bir anlay\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde okuyucuya sunuyor. 1915 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u015eark Y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6re Edirne\u2019de toplam 83 bin ki\u015fi ya\u015f\u0131yor ve bunlar\u0131n 40,437\u2019si T\u00fcrk, 23,342\u2019si\u00a0 Yunan ve Bulgar, 15,420\u2019si Yahudi, 3,300\u2019u Ermeni ve 500\u2019\u00fc Katolik. Onun \u00f6ncesindeki say\u0131mlara da g\u00f6z at\u0131yor yazar. Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan say\u0131mlara g\u00f6re, 1870-71\u2019de 771 hanede 3,657 Ermeni, 1890-91\u2019de 3,779, 1897-98\u2019oe 4,021 rakamlar\u0131 veriyor. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok belge bilgiye g\u00f6re Edirne\u2019deki Ermeni n\u00fcfusu 1915 \u00f6ncesi 3500-5000 aras\u0131nda oynuyor. Patrikli\u011fin notlar\u0131na g\u00f6re Edirne, \u015fimdiki ad\u0131 K\u0131rklareli olan K\u0131rkkilise, Dedea\u011fa\u00e7 ve G\u00fcm\u00fclcine\u2019deki \u201cm\u00fcminlerin say\u0131s\u0131 8 bin, yerel y\u00f6netim say\u0131s\u0131 4, kilise say\u0131s\u0131 ise 5 idi.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ermeni kiliseleri<\/h4>\n

Elbette yerinde yeller esiyor hepsinin, ama Edirne\u2019de sur i\u00e7inde Surp Toros adl\u0131 bir, sur d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda At Pazar\u0131\u2019nda Surp Garabed ve Karaa\u011fa\u00e7\u2019ta Surp Krikor olmak \u00fczere toplamda \u00fc\u00e7 kilise bulundu\u011fu kay\u0131tlarla sabit.\u00a0 Surp Toros Kilisesi\u2019nin yan\u0131ndaki iki okulun binalar\u0131, bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 Caddesi \u00fczerinde bulunan Ak\u015fam K\u0131z Meslek Okulu ve \u015eehit As\u0131m \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim Okulu\u2019na hizmet veriyor. Arakelian, \u201cH\u0131ristiyan simgesi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck melekleri\/Kerubi bezemeleri b\u00fcy\u00fck giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinde g\u00f6rmek h\u00e2l\u00e2 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bu okullar toplam 450 \u00f6\u011frenci ve 17 \u00f6\u011fretmene sahipti\u201d diye yaz\u0131yor. \u0130ki y\u0131l \u00f6nce restore edilerek kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131lan Edirne Sinagog\u2019unun \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n bu kiliseler ve okullara da u\u011framas\u0131n\u0131 temenni etmekten ba\u015fka \u00e7aremiz yok gibi.<\/p>\n

Nas\u0131l ge\u00e7iniyorlard\u0131?<\/h4>\n

N\u00fcfusa bakarken elbette yazar, Ermenilerin Edirne\u2019deki mesleklerini es ge\u00e7memi\u015f. \u015e\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cErmeniler banker, avukat, mimar, doktor, eczac\u0131, foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131, kuyumcu, marangoz ya da pansiyon i\u015fletmecisi gibi her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mesle\u011fi icra etmekteydiler. Karaa\u011fa\u00e7 ile Edirne aras\u0131ndaki Ermenilerin \u00e7o\u011fu bostanc\u0131l\u0131kla ge\u00e7inirken, \u015fehirliler daha ziyade sanat ve ticaretle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. A\u011fasyan kitab\u0131nda Ermenilerin 19.y\u00fczy\u0131l sonu ile 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda icra ettiklerini mesleklerin uzun bir listesini yapar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli zanaatkarlar\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 zikreder. Yine de idare meslekleri g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemeli. Nitekim 1891 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u015eark Ticaret Y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019da Ticaret Mahkemeleri Reisi\u2019nin Artin Selyan Efendi, keza Beynelmilel Posta \u0130daresi Reisi\u2019nin Papazyan Efendi adl\u0131 Ermeniler oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Harbisan Efendi adl\u0131 biri 1867 ile 1870 aras\u0131nda Belediye Meclis \u00fcyeli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fct\u00fcn Rejisi ve \u015eimendifer Kunpanyas\u0131 da bir\u00e7ok Ermeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zeltle cemaat, Edirne\u2019de ya\u015fayan 800 kadar ailesiyle y\u00fczlerce ticarethaneye sahipti.\u201d<\/p>\n

Art\u0131k ne Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ne Ermeniler var Edirne\u2019de ama unutmamal\u0131, ne olursa olsun, Ermeni Sinan\u2019\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Selimiye\u2019nin kubbeleri \u015fehre nereden girerseniz girin, ilk g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcze g\u00f6r\u00fcnendir.<\/p>\n

Edirne\u2019nin \u00fcnl\u00fc Ermenileri<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eehirlerin \u00f6nemli insanlar\u0131yla \u00f6v\u00fcnmek adettendir. Art\u0131k hi\u00e7 hat\u0131rlanm\u0131yorlarsa, o zaman da \u015fartt\u0131r. Yazar da bunu yap\u0131yor: \u201cAyd\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda tarihin sayfalar\u0131nda yer alan en eski isim, Garadabed Vartabed Adrianatsi\u2019ninkidir. Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fckseltmek azmiyle yorulmak bilmeyen bu emek\u00e7i 1626\u2019da Edirne\u2019de do\u011far.\u00a0 Hagop Baronyan, Bat\u0131 Ermenicesi\u2019nde d\u00fczyaz\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcnde yerginin ilk yazarlar\u0131ndand\u0131r. Yazar Krikor Hagop Basmac\u0131yan, yergi yazar\u0131 Hagop Zekaryan ve elbette kitapta \u00e7ok\u00e7a an\u0131lan Edirne\u2019nin Ermeni Cemaati\u2019 kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 Hagop A\u011fasyan.\u201d<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/15263\/edirnelilerin-bile-bilmedigi-edirneli-ermeniler<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nazan \u00d6zcan\u00a0 B\u00fct\u00fcn ailesi Edirneli ve anne taraf\u0131ndan Pomak, baba taraf\u0131ndan Selanik g\u00f6\u00e7meni olan ben, Edirne\u2019de ve Trakya\u2019da bir\u00e7ok halk\u0131n oldu\u011funun elbette fark\u0131ndayd\u0131m. Fakat Roy Arakelian\u2019\u0131n \u2018Edirne (Adrianupolis) ve Ermeni Toplumu\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 okurken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir harita Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n Edirne\u2019den ne kadar derinden silindi\u011fini g\u00f6rmeme sebep oldu. Arakelian\u2019\u0131n kitab\u0131na koydu\u011fu ve Ermeni n\u00fcfusu g\u00f6steren minik […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":40247,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nEdirnelilerin bile bilmedi\u011fi Edirneli Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=40246\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Edirnelilerin bile bilmedi\u011fi Edirneli Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nazan \u00d6zcan\u00a0 B\u00fct\u00fcn ailesi Edirneli ve anne taraf\u0131ndan Pomak, baba taraf\u0131ndan Selanik g\u00f6\u00e7meni olan ben, Edirne\u2019de ve Trakya\u2019da bir\u00e7ok halk\u0131n oldu\u011funun elbette fark\u0131ndayd\u0131m. Fakat Roy Arakelian\u2019\u0131n \u2018Edirne (Adrianupolis) ve Ermeni Toplumu\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 okurken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir harita Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n Edirne\u2019den ne kadar derinden silindi\u011fini g\u00f6rmeme sebep oldu. 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