{"id":40134,"date":"2016-05-18T02:09:10","date_gmt":"2016-05-18T07:09:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=40134"},"modified":"2016-05-18T02:09:10","modified_gmt":"2016-05-18T07:09:10","slug":"new-york-timestan-anlasmanin-yuzuncu-yilinda-yeni-harita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=40134","title":{"rendered":"New York Times’tan anla\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131nda yeni harita"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u0584\u0561\u0580\u057f\u0565\u0566\"<\/a>Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tan Sykes-Picot’un alternatifi olan Amerikan haritas\u0131na g\u00f6re, kalan b\u00f6lgeler alt\u0131 ayr\u0131 par\u00e7aya ayr\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Amerikan New York<\/a> Times gazetesi, Osmanl\u0131 topralar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131ran Sykes-Picot Anla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n 100. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde ar\u015fivden yeni bir haritay\u0131 sayfalar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemin ABD<\/a> Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Woodrow Wilson taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan harita, \u0130ngiltere<\/a> ve Fransa<\/a>‘n\u0131n masaya getirdi\u011fi Sykes-Picot’un alternatifi.<\/p>\n

Gazetenin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sayfas\u0131ndaki yaz\u0131da haritayla birlikte ‘S\u0131n\u0131rlar bu \u015fekilde \u00e7izilseydi Orta Do\u011fu kurtar\u0131labilir miydi?’ sorusu y\u00f6neltiliyor.<\/p>\n

Haritaya g\u00f6re Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130stanbul<\/a> ve \u00e7evresini i\u00e7ine alan Constantinopolitan State, \u0130zmir<\/a>‘in bulundu\u011fu Smyrna, K\u00fcrdistan<\/a>, Erzurum<\/a> ve \u00e7evresini de kapsayan Ermenistan<\/a>, Mezopotamya, Suriye<\/a> ve T\u00fcrkiye olarak alt\u0131 par\u00e7aya ayr\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

S\u00d6M\u00dcRGEC\u0130LER\u0130N KANLI M\u0130RASI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tam 100 y\u0131l \u00f6nce 16 May\u0131s’ta, \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa Ortado\u011fu<\/a>\u2019yu b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fmek i\u00e7in gizli bir anla\u015fma imzalad\u0131. \u0130ki s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci g\u00fcc\u00fcn imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ortado\u011fu halklar\u0131n\u0131n isteklerini ve ger\u00e7eklerini hi\u00e7e sayan Sykes-Picot anla\u015fmas\u0131 bug\u00fcn<\/a> de devam eden bir \u00e7ok sorunun temeli.<\/p>\n

Masadaki Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu haritas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde, Akdeniz<\/a> k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Akka\u2019ya koydu\u011fu parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kuzeye do\u011fru, ta Kerk\u00fck<\/a>\u2019e kadar s\u00fcr\u00fckledi: “Buradan E noktas\u0131ndan, Akka\u2019dan; K noktas\u0131na, Kerk\u00fck\u2019e kadar bir \u00e7izgi \u00e7ekmek istiyorum.”<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte Ortado\u011fu\u2019da bug\u00fcn de devam eden bir \u00e7ok sorunun ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n temellerini olu\u015fturacak gizli anla\u015fmaya giden yol, 36 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u0130ngiliz politikac\u0131 ve diplomat Sir Mark Sykes\u2019\u0131n bu s\u00f6zleriyle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

MASABA\u015eINDA PAYLA\u015eIM<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tarih\u00e7i James Barr\u2019\u0131n \u2018Kumda bir hat\u2019 (A line in the sand) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, tarih 16 Aral\u0131k 1915\u2019di. Kendisini Ortado\u011fu uzman\u0131 olarak pazarlam\u0131\u015f ama bu konudaki bilgisi \u015f\u00fcpheli Sykes, \u0130ngiltere sava\u015f kabinesine Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini anlat\u0131yordu:<\/p>\n

\u201cBu hatt\u0131n g\u00fcneyi bizim denetimimizde olmal\u0131. Kuzeyini Frans\u0131zlara b\u0131rakabiliriz. Fransa ile bu konuda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar \u00e7abuk anla\u015f\u0131p, Suriye konusunda da kesin bir anla\u015fmaya varmal\u0131y\u0131z.\u201d<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l payla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu toplant\u0131dan iki y\u0131l sonra, Filistin<\/a>\u2019de bir \u0130srail<\/a> Devleti kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atan zaman\u0131n Deniz Kuvvetleri<\/a> Amirali Arthur Balfour, Sykes\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nerisi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ku\u015fkuluydu:<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n 90-100 mil do\u011fusundaki topraklar\u0131 \u00f6nemsiyoruz ama siz bize daha da do\u011fuya \u00e7\u00f6le ve \u00e7ok az ekilebilir topra\u011f\u0131 olan bir alana do\u011fru gitmemizi \u00f6neriyorsunuz. Bu bizim M\u0131s\u0131r<\/a>\u2019daki pozisyonumuzu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek yerine zay\u0131flat\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 dinleyen d\u00f6nemin \u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Henry Asquith toplant\u0131ya noktay\u0131 koydu:<\/p>\n

\u201cFrans\u0131zlarla diplomatik bir anla\u015fma yapmal\u0131y\u0131z.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130NG\u0130LTERE’N\u0130N \u00c7IKARLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere, kazanaca\u011f\u0131na emin oldu\u011fu Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Ortado\u011fu\u2019yu kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda nas\u0131l \u015fekillendirece\u011fini belirlemek \u00fczere ilgili bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n temsilcilerinden olu\u015fan bir komite kurmu\u015ftu. Bu komitede Sava\u015f Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 da Skyes\u2019d\u0131. Komitenin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapora g\u00f6re, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki se\u00e7enekler \u015funlard\u0131:<\/p>\n