{"id":37906,"date":"2015-12-22T04:09:17","date_gmt":"2015-12-22T09:09:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=37906"},"modified":"2015-12-22T04:09:31","modified_gmt":"2015-12-22T09:09:31","slug":"cumhuriyetin-kanli-kurt-bilancosu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=37906","title":{"rendered":"Cumhuriyet’in kanl\u0131 ‘K\u00fcrt bilan\u00e7osu’"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Ayse<\/a>Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr<\/b><\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca, devlet, ‘tenkil’ (cezaland\u0131rma), ‘tedip’ (terbiye), ‘harekat’ ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda, ‘isyanc\u0131’ diye niteledi\u011fi K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ‘operasyonlarda’ ka\u00e7 ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, bunu hi\u00e7 merak ettiniz mi? Son y\u0131llar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan biri, Orhan Pamuk\u2019un, 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda Das Magazin adl\u0131 haftal\u0131k \u0130svi\u00e7re dergisine verdi\u011fi bir r\u00f6portajda, “Bu topraklarda 30 bin K\u00fcrt ve 1 milyon Ermeni \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Benden ba\u015fka kimse bundan bahsetmeye cesaret edemedi” demesiyle patlak vermi\u015fti.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0O g\u00fcne kadar resmi \u00e7evrelerin a\u011fz\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015fmeyen \u201cPKK\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede 30 bin \u015fehit verdik\u201d ifadesinin ba\u015f\u0131na Orhan Pamuk, 1 milyon Ermeni\u2019yi ekleyince k\u0131yamet kopmu\u015ftu. Pamuk hakk\u0131nda \u201cT\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011fe hakaret\u201d davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, dava zaten nazik olan AB ile T\u00fcrkiye ili\u015fkilerini germi\u015f, i\u00e7erdeki ve d\u0131\u015fardaki tepkiler sayesinde 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda dava d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Pamuk\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen lin\u00e7 kampanyas\u0131 azalarak da olsa y\u0131llarca s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Hala da milliyet\u00e7i \u00e7evrelerin kara listesinde\u2026<\/p>\n

DEM\u0130REL\u2019\u0130N A\u00c7IKLAMASI<\/b><\/p>\n

Demirel\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: \u20191 milyon Ermeni\u2019 meselesi hala a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fmad\u0131 ama PKK ile devlet aras\u0131ndaki kanl\u0131 sava\u015fta ka\u00e7 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 biliyoruz. D\u00f6nemin Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 S\u00fcleyman Demirel, 1998’i de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fi bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda, “Ter\u00f6r eylemlerinin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 15 A\u011fustos 1984’ten Aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na kadar bilan\u00e7o; meydana gelen 32 bin 853 olayda g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinden 5 bin 555’i \u015fehit oldu, 11 bin 168’i yaraland\u0131. Sivil halk\u0131n u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar sonucu 5 bin 302 vatanda\u015f \u015fehit oldu, 5 bin 877 vatanda\u015f da yaraland\u0131. Ter\u00f6ristlere verdirilen toplam zayiat ise 35 bin 384’t\u00fcr. Bunlar\u0131n 23 bin 938’i \u00f6l\u00fc, 749’u yaral\u0131, 8 bin 693’\u00fc sa\u011f olarak ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f, 2 bin 304’\u00fc teslim olmu\u015ftur” demi\u015fti. (28 Aral\u0131k 1998, Cumhuriyet)<\/p>\n

Bu say\u0131lardan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, devlet g\u00f6revlileri y\u0131llarca \u201c35 bin \u015fehit verdik\u201d diyerek, kamuoyunda, t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin T\u00fcrk\/devlet cephesinden oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yerle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. (Ya da K\u00fcrt \u00f6l\u00fclerine de \u201c\u015fehit\u201d diyorlard\u0131!) Halbuki, S\u00fcleyman Demirel\u2019in ve daha sonra TSK\u2019dan baz\u0131 yetkililerin paralel a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015fti ki, \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin ezici b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc K\u00fcrt taraf\u0131ndand\u0131. (G\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin veya sivil halk\u0131n da bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn K\u00fcrt oldu\u011funu tahmin edebiliriz.) Yani bunlar\u0131 \u2018ilk s\u00f6yleyen \u00fcnl\u00fc\u2019 Orhan Pamuk, az bile s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Nitekim, bu tart\u0131\u015fmadan sonra, hi\u00e7bir devlet yetkilisi \u201cPKK\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fta 35 bin \u015fehit verdik\u201d demedi. Onun yerine \u201cPKK\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fta 35 bin vatanda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kaybettik\u201d dedi. \u201cVatanda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131\u201d derken y\u00fczlere sahte bir merhamet ve \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc ifadesi yerle\u015ftirilmesi de unutulmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

KA\u00c7 \u2018FA\u0130L\u0130 ME\u00c7HUL\u2019 VAR?<\/b><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca y\u0131llard\u0131r \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e7evrelerce dile getirilen \u201917 bin faili me\u00e7hul\u2019 meselesi var ki, bu rakama \u201c\u00e7ok az\u201d diyen de oldu, \u201co d\u00f6nemdeki t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmleri K\u00fcrt hanesine yazmak do\u011fru de\u011fil\u201d diyen de oldu, \u201cbu rakam t\u00fcm\u00fcyle uydurma\u201d diyen de\u2026 Nitekim \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Derne\u011fi (\u0130HD) bir raporunda 1989-1999 aras\u0131ndaki faili me\u00e7hul cinayet say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 1964 olarak verirken, \u0130HD Diyarbak\u0131r \u015eubesi 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 348 toplu mezarda 4.201 ki\u015finin g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011funu iddia etti. T\u00fcrkiye \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Vakf\u0131 (T\u0130HV) ise 1990-2011 aras\u0131nda 1901 ki\u015finin faili me\u00e7hul cinayete gitti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Rakamlar farkl\u0131yd\u0131 ama maktullerin neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fcrt kesiminden oldu\u011funda ittifak vard\u0131. (Yaz\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131nda Zaza\/Dersimli\/K\u00fcrt ayr\u0131mlar\u0131na girmedim \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc devletin bu gruplar i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kod ad\u0131: \u2018K\u00fcrt\u2019\u2026)<\/p>\n

2003-2011 ARASININ KAYIPLARI<\/b><\/p>\n

1999\u2019da Abdullah \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n Kenya\u2019da yakalanarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye getirilmesi ve yarg\u0131lanarak \u0130mral\u0131\u2019ya hapsedilmesinden sonra sakin bir d\u00f6neme girildi. Ancak 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar yine ba\u015flad\u0131. 19 Aral\u0131k 2015 tarihli Milliyet gazetesinde \u201c28 y\u0131l\u0131n ac\u0131 bilan\u00e7osu: 35 bin 300 ki\u015fi ter\u00f6r kurban\u0131 oldu\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kla haberin \u201cTer\u00f6r h\u0131z kesmedi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kutucuklar\u0131nda kaynak belirtilmeden, 2003 ila 2011 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bilan\u00e7o 1348 \u201c\u00f6l\u00fc ter\u00f6rist\u201d, 433 \u201c\u00f6len vatanda\u015f\u201d, 714 \u201c\u015fehit asker\u201d, 88 \u201c\u015fehit polis\u201d ve (s\u0131k\u0131 durun tam) 62.145 \u201cyakalanan ter\u00f6rist\u201d \u015feklinde verilmi\u015f. E\u011fer bu son rakamlar do\u011fruysa, ya K\u00fcrt gen\u00e7li\u011fi ak\u0131n ak\u0131n PKK\u2019ya kat\u0131l\u0131yor ya da devletimiz \u00f6n\u00fcne gelen K\u00fcrt gencini \u2018ter\u00f6rist\u2019 diye yaftalayarak hapse at\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

SON BE\u015e AYIN KAYIPLARI<\/b><\/p>\n

Peki, 7 Haziran 2015\u2019ten sonraki kanl\u0131 bilan\u00e7o nedir? (Ba\u015fl\u0131kta da kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u2018bilan\u00e7o\u2019 terimini \u00e7ok yak\u0131\u015f\u0131ks\u0131z biliyorum ama daha uygununu bulamad\u0131m, \u00f6z\u00fcr) Bu konuda de\u011fi\u015fik rakamlar dola\u015f\u0131yor ortada ama devletin resmi haber ajans\u0131 olan Anadolu Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (AA) 21 Kas\u0131m 2015 tarihli a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na g\u00f6re son d\u00f6rt ayda \u201c102 ter\u00f6ristin \u00f6l\u00fc olarak ele ge\u00e7irildi\u011fi, etkisiz hale getirilen 304 ter\u00f6ristin cesetlerinin di\u011fer \u00f6rg\u00fct mensuplar\u0131nca ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, 77 ter\u00f6ristin yaral\u0131 olarak yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirildi. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n polis sorumluluk b\u00f6lgesinde bu d\u00f6nemde 53 polis memuru ile 10 asker, jandarma b\u00f6lgesinde de 20 polis \u015fehit oldu.\u201d \u201c79 ilde PKK, DAE\u015e ve di\u011fer ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine \u00fcye 7 bin 303 \u015f\u00fcpheliye y\u00f6nelik operasyon d\u00fczenlendi.\u201d Mahkemeye sevk edilen 10’u yabanc\u0131 uyruklu bin 602 PKK’l\u0131 ter\u00f6rist tutukland\u0131.\u201d \u00a0AA hen\u00fcz, devletin Aral\u0131k 2015 raporunu a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Gayri resmi kaynaklara g\u00f6re ise son be\u015f ay\u0131n rakamlar\u0131 devletin a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek. Sonu\u00e7 olarak y\u00fcrek paralayan bir tablo ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. Benim muhayyilemde T\u00fcrkiye, kan\u0131n oluk oluk akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir salhaneye benziyor. \u00dcstelik Diyarbak\u0131r-Sur, \u015e\u0131rnak-Cizre ve Silopi\u2019de g\u00fcnlerce s\u00fcren hukuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131 soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131 ile birlikte tanklarla \u201cev ev temizlik harekat\u0131\u201d (terim Ba\u015fbakan Davuto\u011flu\u2019na ait) y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Demek ki daha \u00e7ok kan akacak. Daha \u00e7ok g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6kece\u011fiz\u2026<\/p>\n

Peki, Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca, devlet, \u2018tenkil\u2019 (cezaland\u0131rma), \u2018tedip\u2019 (terbiye), \u2018harekat\u2019 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda, \u2018isyanc\u0131\u2019 diye niteledi\u011fi K\u00fcrtlere (o zamanlar \u2018ter\u00f6rist\u2019 terimi icad edilmemi\u015fti) kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u2018operasyonlarda\u2019 ka\u00e7 ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, bunu hi\u00e7 merak ettiniz mi? Ben ettim. Baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z \u201cniye ge\u00e7mi\u015fi de\u015feliyorsun, niye yaralar\u0131 kan\u0131rt\u0131yorsun?\u201d diyorsunuzdur. K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in anlatacaklar\u0131m \u2018ge\u00e7mi\u015f\u2019 de\u011fil, hala kanayan bir yara. K\u00fcrtlerin \u00e7o\u011fu 100 y\u0131l\u0131n kanl\u0131 bilan\u00e7osunu sadece say\u0131 olarak de\u011fil, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir duygu olarak biliyor. S\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih kaynaklar\u0131ndan biliyor. Dedesinin g\u00f6z ya\u015flar\u0131ndan biliyor, nenesinin a\u011f\u0131d\u0131ndan biliyor. Y\u0131k\u0131k evinden, \u00e7orak topra\u011f\u0131ndan biliyor. Hapisteki o\u011flundan, da\u011fdaki k\u0131z\u0131ndan biliyor. Bilmeyenler, devletin s\u00f6ylediklerinden ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 duymayanlar, g\u00f6sterdiklerinden ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmeyenler\u2026 Genelle\u015ftirerek s\u00f6ylersem ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 deveku\u015fu gibi kuma sokan \u2018T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131\u2019 i\u00e7in yaz\u0131yorum bu yaz\u0131y\u0131.<\/p>\n

Merak ettim ama, say\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak kolay olmad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6ld\u00fcren de devlet, kay\u0131tlar\u0131 tutan da devlet. \u00dcstelik erken d\u00f6nemlerde \u00e7o\u011fu zaman devlet \u00f6l\u00fcleri saymaya kalkmam\u0131\u015f. Atm\u0131\u015f uzaktan topu, atm\u0131\u015f havadan bombay\u0131, dizmi\u015f u\u00e7urum kenar\u0131na tetiklemi\u015f mitraly\u00f6z\u00fc, doldurmu\u015f ma\u011faraya vermi\u015f gaz\u0131, doldurmu\u015f samanl\u0131\u011fa, yakm\u0131\u015f ate\u015fi\u2026 Yine de elimizde baz\u0131 veriler var. Bunlar\u0131 kabaca bir araya getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. (Unuttu\u011fum olaylar olabilir, ayr\u0131ca a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki harekatlar\u0131n bahanesi olan olaylar\u0131n niteli\u011fine dair bilgi vermedim \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015eeyh Said ve A\u011fr\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131 hari\u00e7, hepsini daha \u00f6nce ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde \u015fu yaz\u0131mda anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m:\u00a0 Okumak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n)<\/p>\n

1925 \u015eEYH SA\u0130D \u0130SYANI<\/b><\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet tarihinin ilk K\u00fcrt isyan\u0131 13 \u015eubat 1925\u2019te patlak veren \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131 idi. \u0130syan k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, jet h\u0131z\u0131yla yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lamalar sonucu, 27 May\u0131s\u2019da alt\u0131 ki\u015fi, 29 Haziran 1925 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u015eeyh Said\u2019in de i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu 47 ki\u015fi idam edilmi\u015fti. Ancak idamlardan sonra da cezaland\u0131rma harekatlar\u0131 devam etmi\u015fti. Milletler Cemiyeti\u2019nin bir raporuna g\u00f6re bu harekatlarda 15-20 bin isyanc\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, 206 k\u00f6y, 8.758 ev y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Resmi rakamlara g\u00f6re ise isyan b\u00f6lgesindeki \u0130stiklal Mahkemeleri, 12 Nisan 1925\u2019ten 1 Mart 1927\u2019ye kadar 5.110 ki\u015fi yarg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f, 420 idam, 1911 \u00e7e\u015fitli hapis cezas\u0131 verilmi\u015fti. 1927\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir s\u00fcrg\u00fcn kanunu ile Diyarbak\u0131r ve Bayazit (A\u011fr\u0131) Vilayeti\u2019nden 1400 ki\u015fi Bat\u0131 illerine s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, bunlar\u0131n yerine Dobruca\u2019dan, Bulgaristan\u2019dan, K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019tan, Kafkasya\u2019dan gelen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

1924 NASTUR\u0130 TENK\u0130L\u0130<\/b><\/p>\n

Genelkurmay Belgelerinde K\u00fcrt \u0130syanlar\u0131 I-II (Kaynak Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1992) adl\u0131 kitaba g\u00f6re 12-28 Eyl\u00fcl 1924 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Nasturilere kar\u015f\u0131 devam eden tenkil harekat\u0131nda ne kadar Nasturi\u2019nin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmiyor ama \u015fu ifadeler var: \u201c22 Eyl\u00fcl 1924 Durumu: Nuhup deresi dolay\u0131nda Semdar s\u0131rtlar\u0131 hatt\u0131na kadar olan k\u0131s\u0131mda Nasturilerden eser kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d \u201c24 Eyl\u00fcl g\u00fcn\u00fc Valto da\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde Nuhup deresi kuzeyindeki tepelere kadar olan k\u0131s\u0131mda Nasturilerden eser kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d T\u00fcrk\/devlet taraf\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131plar\u0131 konusunda \u015fu bilgi veriliyor kitapta: \u201c20 Eyl\u00fcl 1924 Durumu: (\u2026) Bu hava taarruzunda 6 er \u015fehit, 15\u2019i a\u011f\u0131r, 10\u2019u halif olmak \u00fczere 25 er ve 9 hayvan yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d \u201cD\u00f6rt g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde biri subay olmak \u00fczere 14 \u015fehit 15\u2019i a\u011f\u0131r olmak \u00fczere 43 er yaral\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ra\u00e7kotan, Raman, Ko\u00e7u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 tedibi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Genelkurmay kitab\u0131na g\u00f6re 9-12 A\u011fustos 1925\u2019teki Ra\u00e7kotan ve Raman Tedip Harekat\u0131\u2019nda ka\u00e7 k\u00f6y\u00fcn yak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ka\u00e7 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmiyor ama 7-30 Ekim 1926 aras\u0131ndaki Ko\u00e7u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Tedip Harekat\u0131\u2019nda \u201cma\u011faralara s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f isyanc\u0131lar teker teker imha edildiler\u201d deniyor. Ko\u00e7u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 harekat\u0131na paralel olarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen Bicar Tenkil Harekat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bilan\u00e7osu ise\u00a0 \u201c280\u2019den fazla k\u00f6y yak\u0131ld\u0131, 2 binden fazla asi kur\u015funa dizildi\u201d diye veriliyor.<\/p>\n

1925-1937 Sason ve Mutki harekatlar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Yine ayn\u0131 kaynakta 1925-1937 aras\u0131nda aral\u0131klarla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen Sason harekatlar\u0131n\u0131n bilan\u00e7osu da atlanarak verilmi\u015f. Ayr\u0131ca baz\u0131 olaylarda \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131lar\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131rken, baz\u0131 olaylarda \u201c\u00e7ok say\u0131da e\u015fk\u0131ya \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u201d, \u201c\u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi imha edildi\u201d gibi ifadeler var. Bu y\u00fczden t\u00fcm say\u0131y\u0131 bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil ama rakamlar topland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u201ce\u015fkiyadan\u201d 451 \u00f6l\u00fc, 79 yaral\u0131, 380 yakalanm\u0131\u015f, 2497 ki\u015fi kendili\u011finden teslim olmu\u015f,\u00a0 2.400 ki\u015fi b\u00f6lgeden s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00f6\u011freniliyor.<\/p>\n

Yine ayn\u0131 kaynakta Mutki b\u00f6lgesindeki harekat 25 A\u011fustos 1927\u2019de bitti\u011finde Genelkurmay\u2019\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (!) anlatan c\u00fcmle \u015f\u00f6yle: \u201cBirliklerin, emir esaslar\u0131 dahilinde ve e\u015fk\u0131ya muharebeleri takti\u011fine uygun yapt\u0131klar\u0131 harekatta, asiler k\u0131smen ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, \u00e7o\u011fu yok edilmi\u015f ve bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da yakalanm\u0131\u015f, ayaklanma b\u00f6lgesinde taranmam\u0131\u015f yer kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cYok edilen\u201d n\u00fcfusun ne kadar oldu\u011funu bilemiyoruz.<\/p>\n

1929 Tend\u00fcr\u00fck, 1930 Savur tenkilleri<\/b><\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde 14-17 Eyl\u00fcl 1929\u2019daki Tend\u00fcr\u00fck Harekat\u0131\u2019nda s\u0131ras\u0131nda ka\u00e7 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenemiyoruz ama \u015fu ifadelerden bir fikrimiz oluyor: \u201c20 Eyl\u00fcl 1929\u2019da T\u00fcmen Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015eeyh Abd\u00fclkadir ve a\u015fireti \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 hava ke\u015fiflerinde: Saat 10.00\u2019a kadar Abd\u00fclkadir ve a\u015firetinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ile Tend\u00fcr\u00fck tepesindeki g\u00f6l civar\u0131nda, di\u011fer k\u0131s\u0131m ile de Gevri\u015femyan civar\u0131ndaki vadilerden \u0130ran\u2019a do\u011fru gitmekte olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve her iki kolun havadan bombaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

20 May\u0131s-9 Haziran 1930 aras\u0131nda Savur Tenkil Harekat\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki bilan\u00e7o da me\u00e7hul: \u201cKaymaz, Ha\u00e7an, K\u00f6lesor, Cilli ve Osmanl\u0131 k\u00f6yleri havadan bombalanm\u0131\u015f, Patnos b\u00f6lgesinde ayaklananlara kat\u0131lan k\u00f6yler bomba ve makineli t\u00fcfek ate\u015fi alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

1930 Zeylan (A\u011fr\u0131) harekat\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Zeylan Ayaklanmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (ayr\u0131nt\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fu yaz\u0131ma bak\u0131labilir: Okumak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n) 1927-1930 aras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli safhalar\u0131 var. Bunlarda ka\u00e7 asker, ka\u00e7 isyanc\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fc, giri\u015fte ad\u0131n\u0131 and\u0131\u011f\u0131m Genelkurmay kitab\u0131 belirtmemi\u015f ama son a\u015faman\u0131n bilan\u00e7osunu d\u00f6nemin gazeteleri benzer ifadelerle aktarm\u0131\u015f kamuoyuna. Bunlardan biri 16 Temmuz 1930 tarihli Cumhuriyet gazetesi: \u201cA\u011fr\u0131 Da\u011f\u0131 tepelerinde kovuklara iltica eden 1.500 kadar \u015faki kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tayyarelerimiz \u015fakiler \u00fczerine \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli bombard\u0131man ediyorlar. A\u011fr\u0131 Da\u011f\u0131 daimi olarak infilak ve ate\u015f i\u00e7inde inlemektedir. T\u00fcrk\u00fcn demir kartallar\u0131 asilerin hesab\u0131n\u0131 temizlemektedir. E\u015fk\u0131yaya iltica eden k\u00f6yler tamamen yak\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Zeylan harek\u00e2t\u0131nda imha edilenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 15.000 kadard\u0131r. Zeylan Deresi lebaleb [a\u011fz\u0131na kadar] ceset dolmu\u015ftur (…) Bu hafta i\u00e7inde A\u011fr\u0131 Da\u011f\u0131 tenkil harek\u00e2t\u0131na ba\u015flanacakt\u0131r. Kumandan Salih [Omurtak] Pa\u015fa bizzat A\u011fr\u0131\u2019da tarama harek\u00e2t\u0131na ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r. Bundan kurtulma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tasavvur edilemez.\u201d<\/p>\n

Yazar\u0131n m\u00fcjdeledi\u011fi yeni a\u015famada ka\u00e7 kay\u0131p var bilmiyoruz. Resmi kaynaklar, 17 Eyl\u00fcl 1930\u2019da \u2018tenkil harekat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bitti\u011fini ilan etmi\u015flerdi ancak bombard\u0131man Kas\u0131m\u2019a kadar s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, bu d\u00f6nemde de ne kadar \u00f6l\u00fcm oldu\u011funu bilmiyoruz. Devletin kay\u0131plar\u0131 konusunda da resmi bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yok. Ermeni \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc Hoybun\u2019un bir raporunda T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131n\u0131n 50 bin kay\u0131p verdi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ki, bu kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kayb\u0131 i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f kamuoyundan saklamak da, esas olarak hava bombard\u0131man\u0131 ile y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir harekatta bu kadar kay\u0131p vermek de mant\u0131\u011fa s\u0131\u011fm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u2018\u0130syanc\u0131lar\u0131n\u2019 yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131na ait dosyalar halen a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in mahkeme safahat\u0131 da bilinmemekle birlikte, 23 May\u0131s 1932 tarihli \u0130sve\u00e7 gazetesi Dagens Nyheter\u2019deki bir habere g\u00f6re, Adana\u2019da yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lamalar sonunda 44 \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 verilmi\u015f, firardakiler ve ya\u015f\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan 31 ki\u015fi (adlar\u0131 bilinmemektedir) idam edilmi\u015fti. Celali A\u015fireti\u2019nin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Tebriz ve Tahran b\u00f6lgelerine; bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Ege ve Trakya b\u00f6lgelerine s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmi\u015fti. Baz\u0131 K\u00fcrt kaynaklar\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarihe dayanarak daha fazla say\u0131da ki\u015finin tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu ki\u015filerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Adana cezaevinde kitlesel olarak zehirlendi\u011fini iddia ediyorlar ki buna dair de somut bilgi yok elimizde. K\u0131sacas\u0131, A\u011fr\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bekliyor hala\u2026<\/p>\n

1937-1938 DERS\u0130M HAREKATLARI<\/b><\/p>\n

Haz\u0131rl\u0131k olarak 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda, fiilen 1937 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n May\u0131s ay\u0131nda ba\u015flayan I. Dersim Harekat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bilan\u00e7osunu d\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc 18 Eyl\u00fcl 1937 g\u00fcn\u00fc TBMM\u2019de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada vermi\u015fti. \u201c\u015eimdi size, Tunceli\u2019ndeki vaziyetin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc halini arzetmek isterim. Cumhuriyet\u2019in imar ve \u0131slah program\u0131na muhalefet eden, n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 az olmakla beraber, alt\u0131 a\u015firettir. Bug\u00fcn bu alt\u0131 a\u015firetin ne kadar adam\u0131 varsa, bunlar reisleriyle beraber faaliyet imkan\u0131ndan tamamen mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (\u2026) Buna g\u00f6re 1 subay 28 er ve bir bek\u00e7i \u015fehit 4 subay 46 er ve bir bek\u00e7i de yaral\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130syana i\u015ftirak eden zavall\u0131lardan zayiat ise 265 maktul ve 20 yaral\u0131 27 ki\u015fi yakalanm\u0131\u015f ve 849 ki\u015fi de teslim olmu\u015ftur. Bilerek bilmeyerek muhalefet yoluna sap\u0131p kan\u0131n \u015fiddetli tedibat\u0131na maruz kalm\u0131\u015f olarak hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybedenler hakk\u0131nda da B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinin teess\u00fcrlerini ve bunun di\u011fer vatanda\u015flara ibret olmas\u0131n\u0131 temennileri ifade ediyorum.\u201d<\/p>\n

15 Kas\u0131m 1937\u2019de devletin \u2018\u015fakilerin ba\u015f\u0131\u2019 diye niteledi\u011fi Seyit R\u0131za ve alt\u0131 arkada\u015f\u0131 idam edildi\u011fi halde 1938\u2019in Ocak ay\u0131nda Ovac\u0131k il\u00e7esinde asker ka\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n izini s\u00fcren jandarma birliklerine ate\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yedi jandarman\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u00fczerine yeniden kez harekat karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131 ancak k\u0131\u015f\u0131n atlat\u0131lmas\u0131 beklendi. 16 Haziran 1938\u2019de ba\u015flay\u0131p 16 Eyl\u00fcl 1938\u2019de bitirilen II. Dersim Harekat\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan imha y\u00f6ntemlerinden birini d\u00f6nemin Malatya Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u0130hsan Sabri \u00c7a\u011flayangil 1986 veya 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda o s\u0131ralar b\u00fcrokrat olan Kemal K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu\u2019na \u015f\u00f6yle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131: \u201c\u2026Ma\u011faralara iltica etmi\u015flerdi. Ordu zehirli gaz kulland\u0131. Ma\u011faralar\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inden. Bunlar\u0131 fare gibi zehirledi. Yediden yetmi\u015fe o Dersim K\u00fcrtlerini kestiler. Kanl\u0131 bir hareket oldu. Dersim davas\u0131 da bitti\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci harekatta devletin ka\u00e7 ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul etti\u011fini \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir tarihte \u00f6\u011frendik. 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda, d\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan, Jandarma Umum Kumandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 antetli bir ka\u011f\u0131t g\u00f6sterdi bas\u0131na. Bu ka\u011f\u0131tta harekat s\u0131ras\u0131nda 13.806 \u2018isyanc\u0131\u2019 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken h\u00fck\u00fcmet g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin 104 \u2018\u015fehit\u2019 ve 175 yaral\u0131 verdi\u011fi yaz\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca 10 binden fazla ki\u015fi s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Dersimli yazarlara g\u00f6re bu say\u0131lar \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek. \u0130ki hafta \u00f6nce bu sayfada anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi Dersimli olmayan Necip Faz\u0131l K\u0131sak\u00fcrek\u2019e g\u00f6re ise 50 bin Dersimli \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. (Dersim\u2019de olan biten neydi merak edenlere: Okumak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n)<\/p>\n

K\u00dcRT KOLEKT\u0130F HAFIZASI<\/b><\/p>\n

Rakamlar\u0131 alt alta yaz\u0131p toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bilan\u00e7o korkun\u00e7! Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca K\u00fcrt Meselesi\u2019ni \u2018\u00e7ivi-\u00e7eki\u00e7\u2019 mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6zmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan devletin asker, polis ve korucu olarak kay\u0131plar\u0131 (resmi terminoloji ile \u2018\u015fehit\u2019 say\u0131s\u0131) 6-7 bin civar\u0131nda. (Bu kesime K\u00fcrt taraf\u0131n\u0131n verdi\u011fi ad ise \u2018i\u015fgalci, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci ordusu\u2019 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri m\u00fcbah.) Devlet veya PKK taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclenlerin (resmi terminoloji ile \u2018siviller\u2019in say\u0131s\u0131 resmi rakamlara g\u00f6re 12 bin civar\u0131nda. Bunlar\u0131n etnik k\u00f6kenine dair istatistik yok. K\u00fcrt taraf\u0131 ise (resmi terminolojide bunlar\u0131n ad\u0131 \u2018isyanc\u0131\u2019, \u2018ter\u00f6rist\u2019) en az 100 bin kadar ferdini kaybetmi\u015f (resmi terminolojiye g\u00f6re \u2018etkisiz hale getirilmi\u015f\u2019). Bir bu kadar\u0131 yaralanm\u0131\u015f, sakatlanm\u0131\u015f, onbinlercesi evinden yurdundan s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Binlerce k\u00f6y, mezra yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Hayvan, ekin, tarla imha edilmi\u015f. Resmi kaynaklarda rakam verilmeden \u201ctemizlendi\u201d, \u201cimha edildi\u201d, \u201c\u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u201d t\u00fcr\u00fc genel ifadelerin say\u0131ca neye tekab\u00fcl etti\u011fini bilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in K\u00fcrt taraf\u0131n\u0131n \u2018en fazla\u2019 ne kadar ferdini kaybetti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemem de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Baz\u0131 K\u00fcrt kaynaklar\u0131nda say\u0131 200-300 bine kadar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Do\u011fru mu yanl\u0131\u015f m\u0131, ba\u015fta da s\u00f6yledi\u011fim gibi bilemiyorum\u2026 Ama K\u00fcrt kolektif haf\u0131zas\u0131nda durum bu merkezde\u2026 Bunu bilelim, buna g\u00f6re davranal\u0131m\u2026<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131m\u0131, Naz\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in giri\u015fteki T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc t\u0131n\u0131ya ra\u011fmen, genel mesaj\u0131n\u0131 sevdi\u011fim Davet\u2019iyle bitireyim:<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rtnala gelip Uzak Asya’dan<\/p>\n

Akdeniz’e bir k\u0131srak ba\u015f\u0131 gibi uzanan<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bu memleket, bizim.<\/p>\n

Bilekler kan i\u00e7inde, di\u015fler kenetli, ayaklar \u00e7\u0131plak<\/p>\n

ve ipek bir hal\u0131ya benziyen toprak,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bu cehennem, bu cennet bizim.<\/p>\n

Kapans\u0131n el kap\u0131lar\u0131, bir daha a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n,<\/p>\n

yok edin insan\u0131n insana kullu\u011funu,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bu d\u00e2vet bizim….<\/p>\n

Ya\u015famak bir a\u011fa\u00e7 gibi tek ve h\u00fcr<\/p>\n

ve bir orman gibi karde\u015f\u00e7esine,<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bu hasret bizim…<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.radikal.com.tr\/yazarlar\/ayse-hur\/cumhuriyetin-kanli-kurt-bilancosu-1494640\/<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca, devlet, ‘tenkil’ (cezaland\u0131rma), ‘tedip’ (terbiye), ‘harekat’ ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda, ‘isyanc\u0131’ diye niteledi\u011fi K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ‘operasyonlarda’ ka\u00e7 ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, bunu hi\u00e7 merak ettiniz mi? Son y\u0131llar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan biri, Orhan Pamuk\u2019un, 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda Das Magazin adl\u0131 haftal\u0131k \u0130svi\u00e7re dergisine verdi\u011fi bir r\u00f6portajda, “Bu topraklarda 30 bin K\u00fcrt ve 1 milyon […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37906","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nCumhuriyet'in kanl\u0131 'K\u00fcrt bilan\u00e7osu' - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=37906\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cumhuriyet'in kanl\u0131 'K\u00fcrt bilan\u00e7osu' - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca, devlet, ‘tenkil’ (cezaland\u0131rma), ‘tedip’ (terbiye), ‘harekat’ ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda, ‘isyanc\u0131’ diye niteledi\u011fi K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ‘operasyonlarda’ ka\u00e7 ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, bunu hi\u00e7 merak ettiniz mi? Son y\u0131llar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan biri, Orhan Pamuk\u2019un, 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda Das Magazin adl\u0131 haftal\u0131k \u0130svi\u00e7re dergisine verdi\u011fi bir r\u00f6portajda, “Bu topraklarda 30 bin K\u00fcrt ve 1 milyon […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=37906\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-12-22T09:09:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-12-22T09:09:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Ayse-Hur.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"16 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=37906#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=37906\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e\"},\"headline\":\"Cumhuriyet’in kanl\u0131 ‘K\u00fcrt bilan\u00e7osu’\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-12-22T09:09:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-12-22T09:09:31+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=37906\"},\"wordCount\":3216,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=37906#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/12\\\/Ayse-Hur.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Haberler\",\"Makaleler\",\"Tarih Sayfalar\u0131\",\"T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=37906#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=37906\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=37906\",\"name\":\"Cumhuriyet'in kanl\u0131 'K\u00fcrt bilan\u00e7osu' - 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