{"id":36804,"date":"2015-10-05T03:10:34","date_gmt":"2015-10-05T08:10:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=36804"},"modified":"2015-10-05T03:10:34","modified_gmt":"2015-10-05T08:10:34","slug":"turkiye-nufusu-yaslaniyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=36804","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfusu ya\u015flan\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u0562\u0576\u0561\u056f\u0579\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\"<\/a>1 Ekim D\u00fcnya Ya\u015fl\u0131lar G\u00fcn\u00fc. T\u00fcrkiye, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle art\u0131k ya\u015fl\u0131 bir \u00fclke. 65 ve daha yukar\u0131 ya\u015ftaki n\u00fcfusun oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 8\u2019e dayand\u0131. <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Adrese Dayal\u0131 N\u00fcfus Kay\u0131t Sistemi Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 (2014) do\u011frultusunda T\u00fcrkiye’nin n\u00fcfusu 77 milyon 695 bin 904. N\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 8\u2019i 65 ya\u015f ve \u00fczeri. Bu 6 milyon 192 bin 962 ki\u015fi demek. Veriler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin art\u0131k ya\u015fl\u0131 bir \u00fclke oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler’in (BM) tan\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re bir \u00fclkede ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfusun oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 8 ile 10 aras\u0131ndaysa o \u00fclke ya\u015fl\u0131 \u00fclke demek. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfus oran\u0131, \u00fclke tarihinin en y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

8 y\u0131l sonra \u2018\u00e7ok ya\u015fl\u0131\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye bu ger\u00e7ekle 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda tan\u0131\u015facak ve ‘\u00e7ok ya\u015fl\u0131’ \u00fclkeler aras\u0131na girecek. Ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfus y\u00fczde 10\u2019u a\u015facak. Bu da 8 milyon 600 bin ya\u015fl\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. Bu say\u0131n\u0131n 2050 y\u0131l\u0131nda da y\u00fczde 21\u2019lik oranla 19,5 milyon olmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n

N\u00fcfusun ya\u015flanmas\u0131yla birlikte devletin sa\u011fl\u0131k, bak\u0131m hizmetleri, sosyal yard\u0131mlar ve emeklilik \u00fccretleri gibi harcamalar\u0131 da ciddi oranda artacak. \u00d6zellikle de 65 ve \u00fczeri ya\u015f grubunda g\u00f6r\u00fclen h\u0131zl\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sistemleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tehdit olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7im derdi<\/b><\/p>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sorunu ekonomik. Emeklisi de, sosyal g\u00fcvencesi olmayan da ge\u00e7inememekten \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7i. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ciddi bir ya\u015fl\u0131 ve yoksul bir kesim var. Say\u0131lar\u0131 her ge\u00e7en y\u0131l art\u0131yor. Ya\u015fl\u0131 yoksul n\u00fcfus y\u00fczde 17\u2019den (2011) y\u00fczde 18,7\u2019ye (2012) y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

Hem devletten hem de e\u015f, dost, kom\u015fudan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yard\u0131mla hayat\u0131n\u0131 idame ettirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n oran\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfusun en \u00f6nemli gelir kayna\u011f\u0131, sosyal transferler yani yard\u0131mlar. Yard\u0131mlarla ayakta kalmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfus oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 76,6. Bu oran kad\u0131nlarda daha y\u00fcksek. Ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 86,3’\u00fc yard\u0131ma muhta\u00e7. Yani ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar, ya\u015fl\u0131 erkeklerden daha yoksul.<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/b><\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k ya\u015fl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7im derdinden sonra gelen en \u00f6nemli g\u00fcndem maddesi. Ya\u015flanmayla birlikte hastal\u0131klar da art\u0131yor. Kolesterol, \u015feker, tansiyon ve demans en fazla g\u00f6r\u00fclen rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n yar\u0131ya yak\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu erkeklere oranla daha k\u00f6t\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131kta en s\u0131k rastlanan hastal\u0131klardan biri Alzheimer demans\u0131.\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 600 bin civar\u0131nda Alzheimer hastas\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. T\u00dc\u0130K\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeni verilerine g\u00f6re, Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6len ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfus oran\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f var. 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu oran y\u00fczde 2,7’ydi; 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 2,9, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise y\u00fczde 3,4\u2019e y\u00fckseldi. Alzheimer hastalar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 toplumun ya\u015flanmas\u0131yla do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131. Alzheimer gelecekte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131ndan biri olacak.<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine eri\u015fim kentli ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfus i\u00e7in de, k\u0131rsaldaki ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfus i\u00e7in de \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Bu noktada Aile Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezleri, ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n imdad\u0131na ko\u015fmu\u015f durumda. \u00c7ocuklarla birlikte kendilerine \u2018s\u0131ra\u2019 \u00f6nceli\u011finin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcld\u00fcren geli\u015fmelerden. Birinci basamak sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri k\u0131rsalda ya\u015fayan ya\u015fl\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k polikliniklerinin (geriatri) a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131kla birlikte gelen hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisinde b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir bak\u0131\u015f getiriyor. Hastal\u0131klar tek elden koordine ediliyor. Ancak n\u00fcfusu, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde daha da ya\u015flanacak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de geriatri polikliniklerinin say\u0131s\u0131 da, uzman hekim say\u0131s\u0131 da yeterli de\u011fil. Uzman say\u0131s\u0131 sadece 60.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u015eu anda da Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesi, Ankara \u00dcniversitesi, GATA, S\u00fcleyman Demirel \u00dcniversitesi, Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi, Ege \u00dcniversitesi, Adnan Menderes \u00dcniversitesi, Nam\u0131k Kemal \u00dcniversitesi, \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi \u0130stanbul ve Cerrahpa\u015fa T\u0131p fak\u00fcltelerinde geriatri b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc var. Geriatri merkezleri ya da poliklinikleri daha \u00e7ok kent merkezlerinde. K\u0131rsalda hen\u00fcz yayg\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015f de\u011fil. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tedavi i\u00e7in mutlaka kent merkezine seyahat etmek zorunda.<\/p>\n

Kognitif N\u00f6roloji ve Demans Uzman\u0131 ve 65+ Ya\u015fl\u0131 Haklar\u0131 Derne\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 G\u00fcl\u00fcst\u00fc Kaptano\u011flu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 2023 y\u0131l\u0131 sonras\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131k yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde. Kaptano\u011flu ge\u00e7 kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde sosyal, ekonomik ve sa\u011fl\u0131k politikalar\u0131 alan\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunun bu olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor:<\/p>\n

“\u015eunu biliyoruz ki beklenen \u00f6m\u00fcr 10 y\u0131l uzad\u0131 ama maalesef bunun 7 y\u0131l\u0131 kronik hastal\u0131kla ge\u00e7ebiliyor. Hal b\u00f6yle olunca bunun sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemine ve ekonomiye y\u00fck\u00fc bir yana, hasta ve mutsuz ya\u015fl\u0131lar yan\u0131nda onlara bakmaya yeti\u015femeyen mutsuz aileler de bizi bekliyor olabilir. Kald\u0131 ki giderek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclen aileler ya\u015fl\u0131 yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ya\u015fl\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir toplumsal meseleye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme ihtimalini de art\u0131r\u0131yor. \u00dcstelik sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri giderek daha teknolojiye ve pahal\u0131 hizmetlere dayal\u0131 bir hale geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in art\u0131k ba\u015fka etik tart\u0131\u015fmalar da ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r hale gelecek. \u0130\u015fin sa\u011fl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131 evlerinde, mahallelerinde tutmay\u0131 beceremezsek toplumsal yap\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, sosyal haf\u0131za olu\u015fturmam\u0131z, ku\u015faklararas\u0131 dayan\u0131\u015fma da hayal olabilir.”\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

Sosyal haklar: Yard\u0131mlar<\/b><\/p>\n

Yard\u0131mlar sosyal haklar i\u00e7indeki en nazik ba\u015fl\u0131klardan biri ve \u2018verili\u015f \u015fekli\u2019 tart\u0131\u015fma konusu.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 3 milyon 100 bin hane sosyal yard\u0131m deste\u011fi al\u0131yor. Bar\u0131nmadan g\u0131daya, nakitten k\u00f6m\u00fcre geni\u015f bir yelpaze var. Sosyal yard\u0131mlar\u0131n Gayri Safi Yurti\u00e7i Has\u0131la’daki pay\u0131 da y\u00fczde 1,35. Yani, devlet kasas\u0131ndan 1 katrilyon 561 milyar 510 bin TL’sini sadece sosyal yard\u0131mlar i\u00e7in harc\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00dc\u0130K\u2019in \u0130statistiklerle Ya\u015fl\u0131lar 2013 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re sosyal yard\u0131mlar, ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u00fcfusun en \u00f6nemli gelir kayna\u011f\u0131. Destek alan ya\u015fl\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131nda ge\u00e7en y\u0131la oranla art\u0131\u015f var. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 77\u2019si sosyal yard\u0131mlarla ge\u00e7inmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Sosyal yard\u0131m yoksullukla do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131. \u0130htiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kendisi kar\u015f\u0131layamayan, maddi a\u00e7\u0131dan darda olanlar yard\u0131m almak i\u00e7in ya devletin ya da kurumlar\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmete g\u00f6re, ya\u015fl\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye bir sosyal devlet. Anayasa’n\u0131n sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 62. maddesinde yer alan \u201cYa\u015fl\u0131lar devlet\u00e7e korunur. Ya\u015fl\u0131lara devlet yard\u0131m\u0131 ve sa\u011flanacak di\u011fer haklar ve kolayl\u0131klar kanunla d\u00fczenlenir\u201d ifadesi bunun en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6stergesi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Sosyal politika uzmanlar\u0131ysa konuya daha derin yakla\u015f\u0131yor. Yard\u0131mlarla sosyal devlet olunmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar. Daha \u00e7ok \u201chak\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Mevcut sisteme g\u00f6re ya\u015fl\u0131lar hak talep etme, talep ettikleri haklara kavu\u015fabilme a\u015famas\u0131nda de\u011filler. Zira T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fl\u0131lar \u00f6zelinde tan\u0131mlanan sosyal haklar\u0131 yok.<\/p>\n

Yoksullukla m\u00fccadele haklar de\u011fil, hay\u0131rseverlik s\u00f6ylemi \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k Eylem Plan\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k ilk kez AKP iktidar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde sorun olarak ele al\u0131nd\u0131. 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda Devlet Planlama Te\u015fkilat\u0131 (DPT) ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131kla ilgili geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 bir rapor yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Bu raporda mevcut durum ve uygulamaya konmas\u0131 gereken politikalar s\u0131raland\u0131. Bu T\u00fcrkiye’nin ilk ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k eylem pl\u00e2n\u0131 oldu.\u0130kinci eylem pl\u00e2n\u0131, Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlad\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Al Jazeera\u00a0<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.yonelishaber.com\/turkiye-nufusu-yaslaniyor-65659hd.html<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1 Ekim D\u00fcnya Ya\u015fl\u0131lar G\u00fcn\u00fc. T\u00fcrkiye, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle art\u0131k ya\u015fl\u0131 bir \u00fclke. 65 ve daha yukar\u0131 ya\u015ftaki n\u00fcfusun oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 8\u2019e dayand\u0131. Adrese Dayal\u0131 N\u00fcfus Kay\u0131t Sistemi Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 (2014) do\u011frultusunda T\u00fcrkiye’nin n\u00fcfusu 77 milyon 695 bin 904. N\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 8\u2019i 65 ya\u015f ve \u00fczeri. Bu 6 milyon 192 bin 962 ki\u015fi demek. Veriler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfusu ya\u015flan\u0131yor - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=36804\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfusu ya\u015flan\u0131yor - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1 Ekim D\u00fcnya Ya\u015fl\u0131lar G\u00fcn\u00fc. T\u00fcrkiye, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle art\u0131k ya\u015fl\u0131 bir \u00fclke. 65 ve daha yukar\u0131 ya\u015ftaki n\u00fcfusun oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 8\u2019e dayand\u0131. Adrese Dayal\u0131 N\u00fcfus Kay\u0131t Sistemi Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 (2014) do\u011frultusunda T\u00fcrkiye’nin n\u00fcfusu 77 milyon 695 bin 904. N\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 8\u2019i 65 ya\u015f ve \u00fczeri. Bu 6 milyon 192 bin 962 ki\u015fi demek. 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T\u00fcrkiye, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle art\u0131k ya\u015fl\u0131 bir \u00fclke. 65 ve daha yukar\u0131 ya\u015ftaki n\u00fcfusun oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 8\u2019e dayand\u0131. Adrese Dayal\u0131 N\u00fcfus Kay\u0131t Sistemi Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 (2014) do\u011frultusunda T\u00fcrkiye’nin n\u00fcfusu 77 milyon 695 bin 904. N\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 8\u2019i 65 ya\u015f ve \u00fczeri. Bu 6 milyon 192 bin 962 ki\u015fi demek. 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