{"id":36480,"date":"2015-09-09T02:54:36","date_gmt":"2015-09-09T07:54:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=36480"},"modified":"2015-09-09T02:54:36","modified_gmt":"2015-09-09T07:54:36","slug":"ermenilerin-yerini-kurtler-aldi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=36480","title":{"rendered":"\u201cErmenilerin yerini K\u00fcrtler ald\u0131\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Vicken<\/a>Agos<\/b><\/p>\n

Gazeteci ve tarih\u00e7i Vicken Cheterian, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, y\u00fcz y\u0131ld\u0131r ya\u015fanan s\u00fcre\u00e7te k\u00fcresel siyasete, akademik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara, K\u00fcrt meselesine, T\u00fcrk ve Ermeni toplumlar\u0131na etkilerini de\u011ferlendiren bir kitap yazd\u0131. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131 d\u00f6neme odaklanan \u2018Open Wounds: Armenians, Turks, and a Century of Genocide\u2019 (A\u00e7\u0131k Yaralar: Ermeniler, T\u00fcrkler ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitapta, Hrant Dink suikasti \u00f6nemli bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak duruyor.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Size \u00e7ok \u015fey anlatan, \u00f6\u011freten kitaplar vard\u0131r da, olaylar\u0131 alg\u0131lay\u0131\u015f \u015feklinizi de\u011fi\u015ftirebilecek, toplumun iyile\u015fmesini h\u0131zland\u0131rabilecek kitaplara \u00e7ok az rastlan\u0131r. \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019de ya\u015fayan gazeteci ve tarih\u00e7i Vicken Cheterian\u2019\u0131n yeni \u00e7\u0131kan kitab\u0131 \u2018Open Wounds: Armenians, Turks, and a Century of Genocide\u2019 (A\u00e7\u0131k Yaralar: Ermeniler, T\u00fcrkler ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131), k\u00f6kten de\u011fi\u015fimleri tetikleyebilecek t\u00fcrden bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma. Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f bir trajedi yerine, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn sosyal ve siyasi ortam\u0131nda aktif rol oynayan bir olay olarak ele al\u0131yor Cheterian. Ve bu su\u00e7un ink\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131n sadece yerel de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel anlamda da derin yaralar a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n, ink\u00e2rla, su\u00e7un ve gasp\u0131n me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla h\u00e2l\u00e2 devam etti\u011fini g\u00f6steren Cheterian, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin demokratikle\u015fmesinin, Ermenistan ve T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin, Karaba\u011f sorununun, K\u00fcrt meselesinin ve sadece bu co\u011frafyada de\u011fil t\u00fcm insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan daha bir\u00e7ok \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n alt\u0131nda 1915\u2019in yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor. Ve \u2018karanl\u0131k g\u00fc\u00e7lerle sava\u015fmak\u2019 i\u00e7in soyk\u0131r\u0131mla hesapla\u015fman\u0131n hayati \u00f6nemini vurguluyor. Hen\u00fcz T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bask\u0131s\u0131 olmayan kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131 Cheterian\u2019la bir araya gelerek Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015ftuk; kitapta ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 noktalar\u0131 bir de Agos okurlar\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011ferlendirmesini istedik.<\/p>\n

Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019ndan bug\u00fcne kadar olan s\u00fcre\u00e7le ilgili yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z kitapta, Hrant Dink suikastini bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz. Neden?<\/b><\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir kitap yazmay\u0131 hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemi\u015ftim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lanlar\u0131 okumak bile bana ac\u0131 veriyordu. \u015eimdi fark ediyorum ki, ben asl\u0131nda \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcre bu ge\u00e7mi\u015ften ka\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f\u0131m. Hem annem, hem babam T\u00fcrkiye do\u011fumlu. Bense Beyrut\u2019ta do\u011fdum ve sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fcm. Bu ba\u011flamda kendimi, k\u0131y\u0131ma u\u011fram\u0131\u015f, s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmi\u015f, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yok edilmi\u015f bir halkla ili\u015fkilendirmek istemedim. Ne zaman soyk\u0131r\u0131m an\u0131lar\u0131 okumaya kalk\u0131\u015fsam, ac\u0131 \u00e7ektim.<\/p>\n

Bu kitap fikri, Londra\u2019daki yay\u0131nc\u0131mdan geldi. Bir \u00f6nceki kitab\u0131mla ilgili konu\u015fuyorduk ve birden bana, \u201cNeden soyk\u0131r\u0131m hakk\u0131nda bir \u015feyler yazm\u0131yorsun?\u201d diye sordu. Ben de o anda, \u201cSoyk\u0131r\u0131m hakk\u0131nda nas\u0131l yazabilece\u011fimi bilmiyorum; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc zaten bu konuda \u00e7ok iyi kitaplar var. Ama soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m miras\u0131yla ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda yazmak isterim\u201d diye cevap verdim.<\/p>\n

Ard\u0131ndan bu konunun T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcncel durumuyla \u00e7ok yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Taner Ak\u00e7am, Rag\u0131p Zarakolu ve Hrant Dink, y\u0131llard\u0131r takip etti\u011fim ve tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m insanlard\u0131. Bu kitapta, son d\u00f6nemlerde soyk\u0131r\u0131m meselesinin neden bu kadar \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. T\u00fcrkiyeli entelekt\u00fceller ve daha bir\u00e7ok insan neden birdenbire bunun \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir konu oldu\u011funa karar verdi? Yok edilen Osmanl\u0131 Ermenileriyle ilgili bu konuyu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yeniden g\u00fcndeme getiren de\u011fi\u015fimler neydi? Ve bunun olmas\u0131 neden bu kadar uzun s\u00fcrd\u00fc? \u00dclkelerindeki bir t\u00fcr bo\u015flu\u011fun \u00e7oktan fark\u0131nda olan T\u00fcrkiyeli entelekt\u00fcellerin, sanat\u00e7\u0131 ve \u015fairlerin, 2000\u2019lere kadar sessiz kalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an ko\u015fullar neydi?<\/p>\n

Bu y\u00fczden de kitaba Hrant Dink\u2019in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle de\u011fil, cenazesiyle ba\u015flad\u0131m. Onun cenazesinde on binlerce insan sokaklarda, \u201cHepimiz Hrant\u2019\u0131z, hepimiz Ermeni\u2019yiz\u201d diye ba\u011f\u0131rarak y\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Ben bunu, T\u00fcrkiye kamuoyunda ya\u015fanan bir devrim olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n

Burada sordu\u011fum bir soru daha var: Bir toplumda, \u00fclkede ya da k\u00f6yde bir su\u00e7 i\u015flendi\u011finde, buradaki insanlar hi\u00e7bir \u015fey olmam\u0131\u015f gibi davranmaya devam ederlerse ne olur? Su\u00e7 ortadan kalkar m\u0131? Peki su\u00e7luya ve ma\u011fdura ne olur? Ben de bu su\u00e7un etkilerine bakmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum. Projeye ilk ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131mda, genellikle Ermeni toplumuna odaklanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordum; h\u00e2l\u00e2 tan\u0131nmayan ve onlar\u0131 y\u0131llard\u0131r kurban pozisyonunda tutan bu su\u00e7a\u2026 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ne zaman ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz; ama ne zaman sona erdi\u011fini bilmiyoruz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc soyk\u0131r\u0131m hen\u00fcz tan\u0131nmad\u0131. Fakat sonunda bu durumun genel olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi ne kadar \u00e7ok etkiledi\u011fini fark etti\u011fimde ben de \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\u201cHrant Dink, 1915\u2019ten sonra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir entelekt\u00fcel olarak toplum i\u00e7erisinde bir yer talep eden ilk Ermeni oldu. Kendinden \u00f6nceki ku\u015faklardan farkl\u0131 olarak, Ermeni kimli\u011fini saklamak yerine, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini ve duygular\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ifade etmek istedi.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki entelekt\u00fceller aras\u0131nda bir t\u00fcr uyan\u0131\u015ftan bahsediyorsunuz. Hrant Dink suikasti \u015f\u00fcphesiz bu uyan\u0131\u015f\u0131 tetikleyen en \u00f6nemli etmenlerden oldu. Peki sizce bahsetti\u011finiz entelekt\u00fcellerin ard\u0131ndan, T\u00fcrkiye halk\u0131 da benzer bir uyan\u0131\u015f m\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131yor?<\/b><\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Hrant Dink hakk\u0131nda. O, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Ermeni sorununa y\u00f6nelik kamuoyunu ger\u00e7ekten de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Hrant Dink, 1915\u2019ten sonra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir entelekt\u00fcel olarak toplum i\u00e7erisinde bir yer talep eden ilk Ermeni oldu. Kendinden \u00f6nceki ku\u015faklardan farkl\u0131 olarak, Ermeni kimli\u011fini saklamak yerine, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini ve duygular\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ifade etmek istedi. Bir taraftan da, bunu yaparken \u00e7ok dikkatli davrand\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ge\u00e7ilmemesi gereken baz\u0131 \u00e7izgiler oldu\u011funun fark\u0131ndayd\u0131. Fakat o bu rol\u00fc \u00fcstlendi\u011fi andan itibaren, bu \u00e7izgileri de a\u015fmak zorundayd\u0131. Bu da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ben Hrant Dink\u2019in tarihsel bir fig\u00fcr oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o, daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 kimsenin cesaret edemedi\u011fi bir \u015fey yapt\u0131. Di\u011fer taraftan Rag\u0131p Zarakolu, Taner Ak\u00e7am ve Hasan Cemal gibi isimleri de unutmamak gerek. Rag\u0131p Zarakolu \u00f6nemli bir fig\u00fcr; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u0131llarca kitaplar yay\u0131mlad\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de akademisyenlerin, tarih\u00e7ilerin ve entelekt\u00fcellerin Ermeni meselesini konu\u015fup tart\u0131\u015fabilece\u011fi bir alan yaratt\u0131. Onun fikirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 olan insanlar bile, yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 literat\u00fcre kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalamazlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli karakter ise Taner Ak\u00e7am. Ak\u00e7am, kendisini Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na adayan ilk T\u00fcrk akademisyen. Onun bu yolu se\u00e7mesine neyin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya bunu neyin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak istedim.<\/p>\n

Hasan Cemal, faillerin, yani etnik bir grubu t\u00fcm\u00fcyle ortadan kald\u0131rma karar\u0131n\u0131 verenlerin taraf\u0131ndan geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in sembolik olarak \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Hasan Cemal neden \u20181915: Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kitap yazmaya karar verdi? Entelekt\u00fcel yolculu\u011fu nas\u0131l oldu da onu bu noktaya getirdi? Bence bunlar, \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eden insanlar. Cesaretleriyle de\u011fi\u015fimi ba\u015flatt\u0131lar. Fakat biz, hen\u00fcz bu yolculu\u011fun sonuna ula\u015fmad\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Kitapta, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Ermeni toplumunun sessizli\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor ve bu sessizli\u011fin nas\u0131l k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsediyorsunuz. Yani sadece T\u00fcrk toplumunun tutumu de\u011fil; Ermeniler de de\u011fi\u015fiyor.<\/b><\/p>\n

Ermeniler aras\u0131ndaki sessizli\u011fin farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrleri var. Birincisi, geleneksel Ermeni Diasporas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 1965 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar, yani 50 y\u0131l boyunca sessiz kalmas\u0131. Bu sessizlik, do\u011frudan ya\u015fanan travman\u0131n bir sonucu de\u011fildi; asl\u0131nda hen\u00fcz hi\u00e7 kimsenin onlar\u0131 dinlemeye haz\u0131r olmamas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131yordu. \u00dczerlerinde bir t\u00fcr sans\u00fcr uygulan\u0131yordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Franz Werfel\u2019in \u2018Musa Da\u011f\u0131\u2019nda 40 G\u00fcn\u2019 isimli kitab\u0131ndan, 1930\u2019larda bir Hollywood filmi yap\u0131lacakt\u0131. Fakat T\u00fcrkiye devletinin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131 sonucunda, kitab\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n alan Hollywood st\u00fcdyosu, filmi yapmaktan vazge\u00e7ti. Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan kurtulan Ermeni Diasporas\u0131, olanlar\u0131 hen\u00fcz kimseye anlatam\u0131yor; sadece kendi i\u00e7inde konu\u015fabiliyordu. Bence bug\u00fcn Ermenilerin soyk\u0131r\u0131m hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok\u00e7a konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n nedeni de, 50 y\u0131l boyunca susturulmu\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer taraftan Sovyetler Birli\u011fi topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fanan farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrde bir sessizlik vard\u0131; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Stalin soyk\u0131r\u0131m an\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rd\u0131. Kendisi de su\u00e7lu olan bir lider olarak, y\u00f6netti\u011fi imparatorlukta b\u00f6yle bir ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n konu\u015fulmas\u0131n\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve an\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemedi. Kemalist hareketle Sovyetler Birli\u011fi aras\u0131nda da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ittifak vard\u0131. Kemalist hareket, Frans\u0131z ve \u0130ngiliz birliklerine kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmak i\u00e7in Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nden para, cephane ve silah yard\u0131m\u0131 al\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Son olarak, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de daha uzun s\u00fcren bir sessizlik s\u00f6z konusu. Asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 dahilinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sessizli\u011fin de farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrleri var; \u0130stanbul\u2019da ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin sessizli\u011fi, Bitlis, Diyarbak\u0131r, Antep\u2019tekilerden, Anadolu\u2019nun M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Ermenilerinden farkl\u0131. Bug\u00fcn y\u0131llarca gizledikleri Ermeni kimliklerini a\u00e7\u0131klayan ve bu kimli\u011fe yeniden sahip \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan var. Ve biz bu s\u00fcrecin gelecekte nas\u0131l ilerleyece\u011fini hen\u00fcz bilmiyoruz.<\/p>\n

Bununla ili\u015fkili olarak kitapta, Rize\u2019deki Hem\u015finlilerin Ermeni k\u00f6kenlerinden bahsediyorsunuz. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe dair bu t\u00fcr alternatif anlat\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131karmak, sizce s\u00fcreci nas\u0131l etkileyecek?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u015eu anda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin demokratikle\u015fmesi ve sessizlik duvar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7leri el ele, beraber ilerliyor. Y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca susturulmu\u015f olan bu insanlar yava\u015f\u00e7a ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak ve Ermeni kimlikleri \u00fczerinde yeniden hak iddia edecekler. Fakat bunu yaparken, farkl\u0131 yollardan ilerlediklerine dikkat \u00e7ekmek gerek. \u00d6rne\u011fin ben, Diyarbak\u0131r ve Gaziantep\u2019te sadece Ermeni miraslar\u0131na yeniden sahip \u00e7\u0131kmakla kalmay\u0131p, bir de tekrar Ermeni Apostolik Kilisesi\u2019ne d\u00f6nen insanlarla tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Bir di\u011fer grup da Ermeni k\u00f6kenlerini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yordu; fakat \u0130slam dininden vaz ge\u00e7miyordu. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerinde anadilleri olan Ermeniceyi koruyabilmi\u015f olan Hem\u015finliler var. H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k dinine geri d\u00f6nmek gibi bir arzular\u0131 olmasa da, g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e Ermeni ge\u00e7mi\u015fleri ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel k\u00f6kenleriyle ilgili fark\u0131ndal\u0131klar\u0131 art\u0131yor. Bu da, siyasi otoritelere, karanl\u0131k 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca bu ulusu h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131nda tutan totaliter ideolojiye meydan okuyan, s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir durum.<\/p>\n

Sizce 2015\u2019te, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n 100. y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de neler oluyor? Bununla ilgili g\u00f6zlemlerinizi payla\u015f\u0131r m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/b><\/p>\n

Bence T\u00fcrkiye bu konuda ilerleme kaydetti; ancak h\u00e2l\u00e2 teredd\u00fctlere sahip. T\u00fcrkiye, ancak kendisi haz\u0131r oldu\u011funda adaleti sa\u011flayacak. Kendi vatanda\u015flar\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte sistematik bir bi\u00e7imde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen eski vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 da sayg\u0131yla anabilecek. Fakat T\u00fcrkiye hen\u00fcz bu a\u015famaya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f de\u011fil. Kemalist modelden uzakla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor olsa da, nereye do\u011fru gitti\u011fini hen\u00fcz tam olarak bilmiyoruz.<\/p>\n

Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyemeyiz; o bug\u00fcn, h\u00e2l\u00e2 bizimle. 100 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olsa da, hen\u00fcz bu ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelebilmi\u015f de\u011filiz. T\u00fcrkiye Devleti ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bir \u015feyler ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ortada baz\u0131 kurbanlar oldu\u011funu kabul ediyor. 2014 Nisan\u2019\u0131nda, o d\u00f6nemin ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, Ermenilere taziye dileklerini iletti. Bu durum, ilk defa T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki yetkili bir makam\u0131n Ermeni toplumunun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ac\u0131lar\u0131 tan\u0131mas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyordu. Fakat yine de bu, tuhaf bir tan\u0131ma \u015fekli. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc birbirleriyle sava\u015f\u0131rken \u00f6len askerler ya da katiller, soyk\u0131r\u0131m kurbanlar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 seviyede kabul ediliyorlar. \u00d6ld\u00fcrme eylemi ya me\u015frudur ya da su\u00e7. Bence Ba\u015fbakan bir su\u00e7la, askerler aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en m\u00fccadeleyi birbirinden ay\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015faramad\u0131. Bug\u00fcne kadar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki hi\u00e7bir yetkili makam, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlenmedi.<\/p>\n

Ermeniler i\u00e7in bu bir tan\u0131nma meselesi; y\u00fcz y\u0131ll\u0131k ac\u0131ya bir son vermek ve sembolik de olsa adalet elde etmek istiyorlar. Fakat T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in bu bir demokrasi sorunsal\u0131. Y\u00fcz binlerce insan\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesini ve mallar\u0131n\u0131n gasp edilmesini me\u015fru k\u0131lan bir \u00fclkenin, demokratikle\u015fmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. B\u00f6yle bir \u00fclkede hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6z konusu olamaz.<\/i><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer taraftan T\u00fcrk toplumu da 1915\u2019te ya\u015fananlar\u0131n sadece Ermeniler i\u00e7in de\u011fil; genel olarak T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu fark edecek noktaya hen\u00fcz ula\u015fmad\u0131. Bug\u00fcn bu durum, Ermeniler, T\u00fcrkler ve K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lardan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Ermeniler i\u00e7in bu bir tan\u0131nma meselesi; y\u00fcz y\u0131ll\u0131k ac\u0131ya bir son vermek ve sembolik de olsa adalet elde etmek istiyorlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6yle muazzam ki, adalete hi\u00e7 yer b\u0131rakm\u0131yor. Fakat T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in bu bir demokrasi sorunsal\u0131. Y\u00fcz binlerce insan\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesini ve mallar\u0131n\u0131n gasp edilmesini me\u015fru k\u0131lan bir \u00fclkenin, demokratikle\u015fmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. B\u00f6yle bir \u00fclkede hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6z konusu olamaz.<\/p>\n

Peki T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in bir sonraki a\u015fama ne olabilir?<\/b><\/p>\n

Bence farkl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 odaklar\u0131, 1915 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019yla birlikte, S\u00fcryani ve Pontus Rum soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini anlayacak. Bu sadece Ermeniler, K\u00fcrtler veya T\u00fcrkler i\u00e7in de\u011fil; t\u00fcm insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fcresel siyasi k\u00fclt\u00fcr, bu ya\u015fananlardan dolay\u0131 \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck darbe ald\u0131. Siyasi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn seviyesi \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu su\u00e7un tan\u0131nmas\u0131, \u015fu anda b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fi Orta Do\u011fu i\u00e7in acil olarak gerekli. Tan\u0131may\u0131 reddetti\u011fimiz ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fte olanlar hakk\u0131nda bir haf\u0131za olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00fcrece, t\u00fcm toplumlar\u0131n i\u00e7ine i\u015flemi\u015f olan karanl\u0131k g\u00fc\u00e7lere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmam\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki on y\u0131lda bir araya gelmeli, hem ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanan, hem de gelecekte ya\u015fanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan su\u00e7lara kar\u015f\u0131 birlikte nas\u0131l sava\u015fabilece\u011fimizi ke\u015ffetmeliyiz. T\u00fcrkiye, iki farkl\u0131 yol izleyerek bu konuda lider olabilir ve ahlaki zemini i\u015fgal edebilir: Birincisi sembolik de olsa bu su\u00e7un islendi\u011fini kabul ederek. \u0130kincisi ise T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir Ermeni R\u00f6nesans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in zemin haz\u0131rlay\u0131p, bu su\u00e7un do\u011furdu\u011fu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 somut bir bi\u00e7imde tersine \u00e7evirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131z bir taraftan soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131 d\u00f6neme odaklan\u0131rken, di\u011fer taraftan tarihsel s\u00fcrece de bir g\u00f6z at\u0131yor. Ve belki de, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fananlarla g\u00fcncel olaylar aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve g\u00fcncel ba\u011flam\u0131 birlikte ele al\u0131rken yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z neydi?<\/b><\/p>\n

Bu kitap \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ilk ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131mda, bir su\u00e7 tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda o su\u00e7un devam edece\u011fini net bir \u015fekilde ortaya koyabilece\u011fimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordum. Bu y\u00fczden de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fayan Ermeni, Rum ve S\u00fcryanilerin \u00e7ekti\u011fi ac\u0131lara odaklanmay\u0131 planl\u0131yordum. Fakat daha sonra g\u00f6rd\u00fcm ki, olay sadece bu etnik gruplardan ibaret de\u011fil; su\u00e7un faillerinin de kendilerine ait, ortak bir haf\u0131zalar\u0131 var. \u00d6rne\u011fin T\u00fcrkiye Devleti\u2019nin \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir belle\u011fi var ve 1915\u2019e dair an\u0131lar da bu bellekte duruyor. Hem kurbanlar\u0131n, hem de faillerin 1915\u2019ten \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi bir \u015feyler var. Faillerin bu olaydan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131 \u015fu: \u201cSiyasi anlamda bir problemle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m takdirde \u2013Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda Ermenilerin konumu da buydu\u2013 siyasi arenada, parlamentoda, kanunlara g\u00f6re, m\u00fczakere veya reformlara dayal\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulmak yerine, insanlar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edebilir, katledebilir ve sonra da yapt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131 ink\u00e2r edebilirim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sonu\u00e7 idare eder.\u201d Ve ard\u0131ndan bu tutum, siyasetin etkili ve me\u015fru bir arac\u0131 haline gelir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc soyk\u0131r\u0131m su\u00e7unu i\u015fleyen insanlar, h\u00e2l\u00e2 ulusal kahraman olarak an\u0131l\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer su\u00e7 gelene\u011fini gayrime\u015fru k\u0131lmak istiyorsan\u0131z, su\u00e7lar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131na inmek ve bu su\u00e7u i\u015fleyen kurumun, devletin, derin devletin onu tan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmek zorundas\u0131n\u0131z. Ancak bunun sonucunda, gizli komplo zihniyeti yerine hukuki yasalarla y\u00f6netilen bir devlet yaratabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

\u2018\u015eiddet, bir sab\u0131ka k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc yarat\u0131r ve daha da \u00e7ok ac\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n

Ermenilerin sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc K\u00fcrt meselesiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde ele al\u0131yorsunuz. Bununla ilgili kitapta, \u201cKurds: From Perpetrator to Victim\u201d (K\u00fcrtler: Failden Kurbana) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm de var. Ve bu ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda, eskiden Ermenilerin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerin, bu tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te nas\u0131l K\u00fcrtle\u015fti\u011fi anlat\u0131l\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcncel siyasi atmosferini de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak, bu durumu yeniden de\u011ferlendirir misiniz?<\/b><\/p>\n

Bence bu konu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin demokratikle\u015fmesiyle ve tabii ki K\u00fcrt meselesiyle yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkili. Di\u011fer taraftan Ermenistan ve T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerle ve Karaba\u011f sorunuyla da alakal\u0131. Biraz derine indi\u011finizde, 1915\u2019in bu sorunlar\u0131n k\u00f6keninde durdu\u011funu ve t\u00fcm bunlarda olduk\u00e7a olumsuz rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sava\u015fmak, ayn\u0131 zamanda insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f su\u00e7lar\u0131n aklanmas\u0131 gelene\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 da sava\u015fmak anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki K\u00fcrt meselesinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u00fclkenin g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda ya\u015fayan S\u00fcryani ve Ermenilerin yok edili\u015finin hemen sonras\u0131na denk gelir. Bu da sorunlar\u0131n \u015fiddetle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyece\u011fini g\u00f6sterir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fiddet, bir sab\u0131ka k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc yarat\u0131r ve daha da \u00e7ok ac\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. K\u00fcrt tarihininse metafizik bir boyutu vard\u0131r: 1915\u2019te K\u00fcrtler faildi, 1920\u2019de ise kurbana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcler. Bir\u00e7ok anlamda K\u00fcrtler, Ermenilerin yerine ge\u00e7ti. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc demografik \u00f6zellikleri bile, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda ya\u015fayan Ermenilerinkiyle benzerlikler g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6rne\u011fin toplumun yar\u0131s\u0131 yoksul olan do\u011fuda ya\u015far; di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131ysa bat\u0131daki b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde. Bug\u00fcn K\u00fcrtler, Ermenilerin 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yerine hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn aray\u0131\u015f\u0131ndalar. Ermeniler 1915\u2019te kaybetti; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc reform taleplerine y\u0131k\u0131mla cevap verildi. Umar\u0131m K\u00fcrtler de ayn\u0131 tehditle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmayacaklar ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin demokratikle\u015fme s\u00fcrecindeki ana g\u00fc\u00e7lerden biri haline gelecekler.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.norzartonk.org\/ermenilerin-yerini-kurtler-aldi\/<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Agos Gazeteci ve tarih\u00e7i Vicken Cheterian, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, y\u00fcz y\u0131ld\u0131r ya\u015fanan s\u00fcre\u00e7te k\u00fcresel siyasete, akademik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara, K\u00fcrt meselesine, T\u00fcrk ve Ermeni toplumlar\u0131na etkilerini de\u011ferlendiren bir kitap yazd\u0131. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131 d\u00f6neme odaklanan \u2018Open Wounds: Armenians, Turks, and a Century of Genocide\u2019 (A\u00e7\u0131k Yaralar: Ermeniler, T\u00fcrkler ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitapta, Hrant Dink suikasti \u00f6nemli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,54,71,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36480","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cErmenilerin yerini K\u00fcrtler ald\u0131\u201d - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=36480\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cErmenilerin yerini K\u00fcrtler ald\u0131\u201d - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Agos Gazeteci ve tarih\u00e7i Vicken Cheterian, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, y\u00fcz y\u0131ld\u0131r ya\u015fanan s\u00fcre\u00e7te k\u00fcresel siyasete, akademik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara, K\u00fcrt meselesine, T\u00fcrk ve Ermeni toplumlar\u0131na etkilerini de\u011ferlendiren bir kitap yazd\u0131. 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