{"id":34944,"date":"2015-05-23T02:24:08","date_gmt":"2015-05-23T07:24:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=34944"},"modified":"2015-05-23T02:24:37","modified_gmt":"2015-05-23T07:24:37","slug":"gecis-donemi-adaleti-acisindan-kurt-meselesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=34944","title":{"rendered":"Ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan K\u00fcrt meselesi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Th\u00e9otime<\/a>
Th\u00e9otime Chabre
T\u00fcrkiye uzman\u0131 Frans\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

21 Mart 2015\u2019te T\u00fcrkiye’deki K\u00fcrt hareketinin tarihsel fig\u00fcr\u00fc Abdullah \u00d6calan silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in PKK’ya \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulundu. Bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve K\u00fcrt hareketinin temsilcileri aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin ilerledi\u011fini teyid ediyor. \u0130\u00e7 sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131 yava\u015f yava\u015f uzakla\u015f\u0131rken \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n miras\u0131 daha net ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor : 45 000\u2019den fazla can kayb\u0131, co\u011frafi, etnik ve sosyal b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeleri devasa hale gelmi\u015f bir \u00fclke. 2000\u2019li y\u0131llardan beri 1980 ve 1990\u2019larda insan haklar\u0131 m\u00fccadelesinde bile\u015fen farkl\u0131 akt\u00f6rler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n azalmas\u0131ndan istifade ederek bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde bir topluma ge\u00e7i\u015f i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131klara ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Uluslararas\u0131 deneyimlere dayanan haf\u0131za ve uzla\u015fma projeleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc oldular.<\/strong><\/p>\n

30 YILLIK M\u00dcCADELE<\/p>\n

Eyl\u00fcl 1980 ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de insan haklar\u0131 savunucusu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin do\u011fu\u015fu
\n<\/strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk insan haklar\u0131 derneklerinin 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980 darbesine bir tepki olarak kurulur. Temel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00fclkedeki entelekt\u00fcellerin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n hapse at\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Derne\u011fi (\u0130HD) 1986\u2019da kurulur. H\u0131zla ba\u015fka \u00f6rg\u00fctler hayata ge\u00e7er, 1990\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00fclkede etkin olan ona yak\u0131n insan haklar\u0131 kurulu\u015fu vard\u0131r. Bu tarihte art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ama birlikte hareket eden ve ortak idealleri payla\u015fan bir insan haklar\u0131 hareketinden bahsetmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131 Derne\u011fi\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Mazlumder ve Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc de t\u00fcm bireysel haklar\u0131 ihlallerini ele al\u0131rlar. \u0130\u015fkence \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fcten T\u00fcrkiye \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Vakf\u0131 (TIHV) gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctler de \u00f6zel bir konuda uzmanla\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

PKK ve K\u00fcrt hareketinin \u00f6zerkle\u015fmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar boyunca devlet ve PKK etraf\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015f K\u00fcrt ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketi aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 hareketinin yeni bir d\u00f6neme girmesine yol a\u00e7ar. Ordunun ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal b\u00f6lgesinde[1]<\/a>\u00a0sivillere y\u00f6nelik ihlallerini k\u0131nayan kampanyalar d\u00fczenlenir. 27 May\u0131s 1995\u2019te, Arjantin\u2019deki May\u0131s Meydan\u0131 annelerinden esinlenerek, IHD \u00fcyeleri ve kay\u0131p aileleri ilk defa \u0130stanbul\u2019da Galatasaray Lisesi\u2019nin \u00f6n\u00fcnde toplanarak \u201cg\u00f6zalt\u0131nda kay\u0131plar\u0131\u201dn ak\u0131betini sorarlar.\u00a0 \u00c7o\u011fu K\u00fcrt olan bu siviller devlet g\u00fc\u00e7leri ya da paramiliter yap\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra ortadan kaybolmu\u015flard\u0131r. 1999\u2019da bir s\u00fcre ara verene kadar her hafta Cumartesi anneleri toplanmaya devam eder. Devlet taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli bir \u015fekilde bask\u0131 g\u00f6ren bu eylem i\u00e7 sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n en karanl\u0131k d\u00f6neminin sembol eylemi olarak kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra K\u00fcrtler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n belirli sorunlar\u0131na odaklanan kendi \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerini kurarlar. 1997\u2019de kurulan G\u00f6\u00e7-Der k\u00f6y yakmalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlere g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeye mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131lan binlerce kurban\u0131na destek olur. Ba\u015fka bir \u00f6rnek 2001\u2019de\u00a0 kay\u0131plar\u0131n haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fatmak i\u00e7in kurulan Yakay-Der\u2019dir. Dernek ayn\u0131 zamanda kay\u0131plardan sorumlular\u0131n yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in verilen m\u00fccadeleye destek olma amac\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00fcder[2]<\/a>.<\/em>\u00a0K\u00fcrt hareketine yak\u0131n siyasi fig\u00fcrler taraf\u0131ndan bilinir hale getirilen bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerde aktivistler ilk deneyimlerini edindikleri b\u00fcy\u00fck derneklerle yak\u0131n ili\u015fkilerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Bu derneklerle ula\u015fmas\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman zor olan saha aras\u0131nda ili\u015fkiyi sa\u011flarlar.<\/p>\n

Hak m\u00fccadelesi y\u00fcr\u00fctenler i\u00e7in kolay bir d\u00f6nem de\u011fildir, bu alanda m\u00fccadele vermek \u00e7o\u011fu zaman askerlerin \u015fiddetli bask\u0131s\u0131na maruz kalmak anlam\u0131na gelir. 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n sonunda ancak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar azal\u0131r ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan iki taraf aras\u0131nda daha olumlu bir hava olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmet ve PKK aras\u0131nda m\u00fczakerelerin ba\u015flamas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

1999\u2019da Abdullah \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n yakalanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu azal\u0131r. 2002\u2019de \u00d6calan AB uyum yasalar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla idam edilmekten kurtulur. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Kademeli olarak AKP h\u00fck\u00fcmeti sivil kurumlar\u0131 K\u00fcrt meselesinde en sert tutumu alan, Cumhuriyetin omurgas\u0131 niteli\u011findeki orduya hakim k\u0131lar. K\u00fcrt hareketi de \u0130mral\u0131\u2019da mahkum ancak hala \u00e7ok etkili olan \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n direktifleri ve \u00f6nce DTP, daha sonra BDP ve HDP \u00fcyelerinin giri\u015fimleriyle yava\u015f yava\u015f ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 taleplerinden vazge\u00e7er. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zerklik etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenen yeni talepler K\u00fcrt projesini yetkililer nezdinde daha kabul edilebilir hale getirir.<\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmet 28 Aral\u0131k 2012\u2019de 2005\u2019te ba\u015flayan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonucunda \u00d6calan ve M\u0130T \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini kabul eder. \u0130ni\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131na ra\u011fmen 21 Mart 2013\u2019te PKK taraf\u0131ndan yeni bir ate\u015fkes ilan edilir. Bu tarihten beri ate\u015fkes bozulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve ge\u00e7en 28 \u015eubat\u2019ta do\u011frudan m\u00fczakerelerin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilan\u0131 i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f siyasi geli\u015fmelere \u00e7ok hassas olan s\u00fcrecin derinle\u015fti\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt meselesi daha az hassas denebilir ve bu sakinle\u015fme insan haklar\u0131 aktivistlerinin i\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hedefleri de de\u011fi\u015fiyor. 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda yerel ve ulusal derneklerin ve siyasi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n amac\u0131 s\u00fcrekli aciliyet arz eden bir durum i\u00e7inde ihlallerle m\u00fccadele etmekti. 2000\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren insan haklar\u0131 hareketi \u00fclkeyi b\u00f6len kitlesel \u015fiddetin miras\u0131na y\u00f6neldi. Bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7indeki bir topluma ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok say\u0131da ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti giri\u015fimleri hayata ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

CEZALANDIRMAK, AFFETMEK VE HATIRLAMAK\u00a0: Ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti yerel giri\u015fimleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti mekanizmalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Afrikal\u0131 sosyolog Siphiwe Dube ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaletini \u201cbask\u0131 rejiminden demokratik bir rejime ge\u00e7meyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan bir kurallar ve uygulamalar\u201d olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Bir toplumda ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011finde yarg\u0131lanmay\u0131 bekleyen kitlesel \u015fiddet eylemlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 demokratikle\u015fme s\u00fcrecine engel olu\u015fturabilir. Somut olarak ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti hukuk sisteminin i\u00e7 siyasal, sosyal ya da finansal k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmak ve toplumun katharsis s\u00fcrecini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in ortaya konan bir mekanizmalar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti kavram\u0131 bilinmezken yerel akt\u00f6rler taraf\u0131ndan bu \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlanmasa da bu alanda yer alan pek \u00e7ok giri\u015fim g\u00f6zlemlenir.<\/p>\n

Dokunulmazl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lk a\u015fama kurbanlara hukuk nezdinde tan\u0131nma ve telafi sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131n\u0131n failleri yarg\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in \u00e7abalar\u0131 sonu\u00e7 getirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2009\u2019dan beri Cemal Temiz\u00f6z alt\u0131 ba\u015fka \u015f\u00fcpheliyle birlikte ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal d\u00f6neminde i\u015fledikleri su\u00e7lar sebebiyle yarg\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r[4]<\/a>. Temiz\u00f6z davas\u0131 pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi i\u00e7in \u2013davaya konu su\u00e7lar yarg\u0131lanmay\u0131 bekleyenlerin \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131na tekab\u00fcl etse ve kat edilmesi gereken daha uzun bir yol olsa bile -1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda askerler taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rten perdenin aralanmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Bu durumu hat\u0131rlatmak i\u00e7in Cumartesi anneleri ayn\u0131 y\u0131l toplanmalar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar ba\u015flatt\u0131lar. Ge\u00e7en 25 Ekim\u2019de 500. defa \u201cg\u00f6zalt\u0131nda kay\u0131plar\u201d i\u00e7in hakikat ve adalet aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 hayk\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Dokunulmazl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele haf\u0131za mekanlar\u0131 \u015feklini de al\u0131yor. K\u00fcrt b\u00f6lgelerinde HDP-DBP\u2019li belediyeler kurbanlar\u0131n kamu nezdinde tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ulusal \u00f6l\u00e7ekte bir giri\u015fim beklemediler ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n an\u0131s\u0131na Lice ve Van\u2019da parklar a\u00e7t\u0131lar.[5]<\/a> Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Diyarbak\u0131r cezaevini \u201cUtan\u00e7 m\u00fczesi\u201d yapmak i\u00e7in y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen medyatik kampanya da sava\u015f\u0131n vah\u015fetine tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden bir miras\u0131 koruma iradesini simgeliyor.<\/p>\n

Uzla\u015fma\u00a0: haf\u0131zalar\u0131 ortak bir hikayeyle a\u015fmak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka giri\u015fimler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bat\u0131s\u0131 ve K\u00fcrt b\u00f6lgeleri aras\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fcler kurarak ortak bir haf\u0131za olu\u015fturma gere\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdiler. Sosyolog Leyla Neyzi\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00ab\u00a0Gen\u00e7ler Anlat\u0131yor\u00a0\u00bb projesi Mu\u011fla ve Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019dan \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencilerini \u00fclkenin yak\u0131n tarihine dair ki\u015fisel alg\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in bir araya getirdi. Gen\u00e7ler daha sonra 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sabanc\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde bir at\u00f6lye d\u00fczenledi. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde 16 May\u0131s-8 Haziran 2014 aras\u0131nda \u201cTwo Faces of Suffering (Ac\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ki Y\u00fcz\u00fc \/ Du R\u00fby\u00ean \u00ca\u015f\u00ea)\u201d <\/em>sergisi \u0130stanbul\u2019da T\u00fct\u00fcn Deposu\u2019nda d\u00fczenlendi. Bu sergide foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131 Kamuran Erka\u00e7maz iki taraftan kurbanlar\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n portrelerini yan yana koyarak \u00fclkeyi kemiren k\u00f6r ac\u0131lar\u0131n evrenselli\u011fini g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bu giri\u015fimler bir uzla\u015fma s\u00fcrecinin gerekli a\u015famalar\u0131d\u0131r : adalet hakk\u0131, \u201chaf\u0131zala\u015ft\u0131rma\u201d, ortak bir haf\u0131za in\u015fas\u0131. Ancak \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir uzla\u015fma r\u00fczgar\u0131 estirmek i\u00e7in gereken koordinasyon ve yayg\u0131nla\u015fmadan yoksunlar. Bu tespit yeni ku\u015fak dernekleri 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n sonundan itibaren insan haklar\u0131 m\u00fccadelesi y\u00f6ntemlerini yenilemeye ve uluslararas\u0131 uzla\u015fma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden esinlenerek ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti giri\u015fimlerini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a talep etmeye y\u00f6neltti.<\/p>\n

ULUSLARARASI DENEY\u0130MLERDEN YARARLANMAK<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaletinin uluslararas\u0131 alan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da ele al\u0131nan \u00f6rnekler ve uluslararas\u0131 uzla\u015fma s\u00fcre\u00e7leri aras\u0131ndaki en \u00f6nemli fark uygulamaya dairdir. Esas\u0131nda bu deneyimler 1980\u2019li y\u0131llardan beri uluslararas\u0131 fikir al\u0131\u015f veri\u015flerinin ve Latin Amerika\u2019da ilk ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z komisyonlar\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7mesinin sonucudur. Bu alan\u0131n kurallar\u0131 ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 elliden fazla ulusal uzla\u015fma s\u00fcrecinin deneyimine dayan\u0131r ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in deste\u011fine sahiptir. Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ler standartla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir okuma tablosuna dayan\u0131rlar, bu \u015fekilde s\u00fcre\u00e7leri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u0130\u015flenen adaletsizlikleri \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in bu prensipleri benimseyerek ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti savunucular\u0131 buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak uluslararas\u0131 uzmanl\u0131k ve me\u015fruiyetten de faydalanabilirler.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu alanda faaliyet g\u00f6steren yeni kurumlar
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aralar\u0131nda \u201cAdalet Hakikat Haf\u0131za Merkezi\u201d (HAHM), Tesev ve 78\u2019liler Vakf\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bu kurumlar ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaletinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na uluslararas\u0131 belgeleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evirerek, uluslararas\u0131 konferanslar d\u00fczenleyerek ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin meselelerine standartla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir okuma tablosu getirerek katk\u0131da bulunurlar. \u00d6rne\u011fin HAHM \u201cg\u00f6zalt\u0131nda kay\u0131plar\u201d ile ilgili bir veri taban\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. IHD ve Yakay-Der taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen benzer projelerde bulunmayan bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131racak titiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olas\u0131 bir Hakikat ve uzla\u015fma Komisyonu\u2019nun kurulmas\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131k amac\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.[7]<\/a> Bu projenin tamam\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir : kurallar International center for transitional justice (ICTJ)\u2019in getirdi\u011fi kurallard\u0131r, kullan\u0131lan program \u0130svi\u00e7reli Huridocs kurumuna aittir, Birmanya\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen proje model al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r, Arjantin\u2019den CELS ve Memoria Abierta ile S\u0131rbistan\u2019dan Humanitarian Law Center\u2019dan dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca i\u00e7eriklerin \u0130ngilizce haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ba\u015fka \u00fclkelere d\u00f6n\u00fck bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m getirmektedir. Bu durum \u00e7o\u011fu zaman tek dilde, kimi zaman T\u00fcrk\u00e7e-K\u00fcrt\u00e7e yay\u0131n yapan daha \u00f6nceki derneklerin sahip olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir medyatik yank\u0131y\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu yank\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 me\u015fruiyet yabanc\u0131 fonlardan daha kolay faydalanmay\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

SONU\u00c7
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131n\u0131n giri\u015fimleri bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu katk\u0131lar son derece gerekli olsalar da \u00e7o\u011fu zaman yerel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte kalmakta ve ana ak\u0131m medyada s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yer almaktad\u0131rlar. Ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaletine odaklanan yeni kurumlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 hareketinin etkinli\u011fini ve koordinasyonunu artt\u0131rmaya katk\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir, ancak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yank\u0131lar\u0131 hen\u00fcz marjinal d\u00fczeydedir. Bu giri\u015fimlerin tamam\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkiye sahip olma potansiyeline sahiptir ama g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sadece devlet ve PKK m\u00fczakereleriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olan \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n deste\u011fine ihtiya\u00e7 duymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi b\u0131rakman\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmet K\u00fcrtlerin bireysel haklar\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zerkli\u011fini garanti alt\u0131na alan \u00f6nlemler \u00f6nermektedir. Bu \u00f6nlemler, \u00f6zellikle de anayasal vatanda\u015fl\u0131k tan\u0131m\u0131ndan etnik \u00f6zellikte at\u0131flar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, K\u00fcrt halk\u0131n\u0131n tarihsel taleplerinden biridir. Ancak otuz y\u0131lda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 devasa yaray\u0131 tedavi etmeye dair hi\u00e7bir \u00f6neri dile getirilmemektedir. M\u00fczakereleri \u00fclkenin birli\u011fi ve ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele ad\u0131na k\u0131nayan MHP se\u00e7imlerde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc parti olmaya devam etmektedir. K\u00fcrtlerin a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hareketin sars\u0131lmaz lideri olarak kalsa da \u00d6calan tam bir kontrole sahip de\u011fildir. \u00c7e\u015fitli desteklere sahip pek \u00e7ok ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z grup \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zetilmedi\u011fine inan\u0131rlarsa \u015fiddete ba\u015fvurabileceklerini Kobane eylemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00f6ncelik \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n bitmesidir. Ancak bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n uzun vadeli olabilmesi i\u00e7in devlet ve PKK aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen diyalogun sivil topluma da a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015flar\u0131na s\u00f6z hakk\u0131 verilmesi gerekir. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fan t\u00fcm taraflarca i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131racak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir komisyonun kurulmas\u0131 gereklidir. Bu komisyon hem devletin hem de K\u00fcrt hareketinin silahl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin deste\u011fini almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu komisyon d\u00fcnyada ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir kurum haline gelen \u201cHakikat ve uzla\u015fma komisyonlar\u0131\u201d gibi uluslararas\u0131 modellerden esinlenebilir. Kas\u0131m 2013\u2019te yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcreci meclis komisyonunun raporunda bu se\u00e7enek detayl\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcrt hareketinde \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan t\u00fcm taraflarca i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir komisyonun kurulmas\u0131 tekrarlanan bir taleptir. Ancak sadece m\u00fczakerelerin sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131 iki taraf\u0131n da siyasi g\u00fc\u00e7lerine T\u00fcrkiye toplumunun uzla\u015fmas\u0131 ve yeniden kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenecek ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir komisyona gereken me\u015fruiyeti sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in imkan sa\u011flayabilir<\/p>\n

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\n
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[1]<\/a> OHAL (Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc Hal B\u00f6lge Valili\u011fi) 1987\u2019de kurulur, 20 novembre 2002\u2019de kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2]<\/a> \u0130stanbul G\u00f6\u00e7 Edenler Sosyal Yard\u0131mla\u015fma ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi (G\u00f6\u00e7-Der), et Yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 Kaybeden Ailelerle\u00a0 Yard\u0131mla\u015fma ve Dayan\u0131\u015fma Derne\u011fi (YAKAY-DER).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/a> 2009\u2019dan itibaren bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecine dair detayl\u0131 bir analiz i\u00e7in Jean Marcou\u2019nun 2 Mart 2015 tarihli Ovipot makalesine bak\u0131labilir\u00a0: http:\/\/ovipot.hypotheses.org\/10958<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[4]<\/a> 2008 sonunda bir mahkum aralar\u0131nda Albay Cemal Temiz\u00f6z\u2019\u00fcn de bulundu\u011fu pek \u00e7ok ki\u015finin 1993 ve 1995 aras\u0131nda \u015e\u0131rnak\u2019ta yirmiye yak\u0131n sivilin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden sorumlu oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ifade verir. \u0130ki \u015fahit taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nan Teniz\u00f6z 2009 Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131ndan beri yarg\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal d\u00f6neminde i\u015flenen su\u00e7larla ilgili yarg\u0131lanan en \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde askerdir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[5]<\/a> 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 yerle\u015fim biriminde sava\u015f kurban\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n an\u0131s\u0131na Ceylan \u00d6nkol\u2019un -28 Eyl\u00fcl 2009\u2019da askerler taraf\u0131ndan vurularak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu- ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan parklar a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[6]<\/a> Gezi eylemleri sonras\u0131nda kurulan Cafera\u011fa Dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda da sergilenmi\u015ftir ve ba\u015fka \u015fehirlerde de a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[7]<\/a> Zorla Kaybedilenler veritaban\u0131\u00a0: http:\/\/www.zorlakaybedilenler.org<\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/repairfuture.net\/index.php\/tr\/oezur-uzlasma-diyalog-baska-bir-bakis\/gecis-doenemi-adaleti-acisindan-kurt-meselesi<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

21 Mart 2015\u2019te T\u00fcrkiye’deki K\u00fcrt hareketinin tarihsel fig\u00fcr\u00fc Abdullah \u00d6calan silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in PKK’ya \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulundu. Bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve K\u00fcrt hareketinin temsilcileri aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin ilerledi\u011fini teyid ediyor. \u0130\u00e7 sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131 yava\u015f yava\u015f uzakla\u015f\u0131rken \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n miras\u0131 daha net ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor : 45 000\u2019den fazla can kayb\u0131, co\u011frafi, etnik ve sosyal b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeleri […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nGe\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan K\u00fcrt meselesi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=34944\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi adaleti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan K\u00fcrt meselesi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"21 Mart 2015\u2019te T\u00fcrkiye’deki K\u00fcrt hareketinin tarihsel fig\u00fcr\u00fc Abdullah \u00d6calan silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in PKK’ya \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulundu. 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