\u00c7arl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve \u201cDa\u015fnaktsutyun davas\u0131\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
1905 devrimi yenilgisinden sonra gericilik, reaksiyon d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flar. \\<\/p>\n
Rusya\u2019da \u201cdirlik ve d\u00fczen\u201d tesis etme amac\u0131yla, bakanlar kurulu ba\u015fkan\u0131, ba\u015fbakan P. Stolipin, taraf\u0131ndan t\u00fcm \u00fclkede polis denetimleri s\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Siyasi takibatlar, milli bask\u0131larla paralel y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Ermeniler \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131lar, b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda Da\u015fnaktsutyun Partisi\u2019ne y\u00f6nelir.<\/p>\n
Gerici \u00e7arl\u0131k g\u00f6revlileri, \u00fclkeyi itaatk\u00e2r k\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla, \u015fiddet kullanmak i\u00e7in f\u0131rsat kollar. \\<\/p>\n
Benzer bir f\u0131rsat k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra olu\u015fur. Grupba\u015f\u0131 Mihran (Gabriel Ke\u015fi\u015fyan) Da\u015fnaktsutyun h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle bozu\u015fur. Mihran, partinin sadece Bat\u0131 Ermeni\u2019lerinin sorunlar\u0131yla ilgilenmesini talep etmekteydi. Parti \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan destek bulamayan Mihran, Da\u015fnaktsutyun\u2019un merkezini da\u011f\u0131t\u0131p, ge\u00e7ici askeri kurul olu\u015fturmaya karar verir.<\/p>\n
Bunu ba\u015faramayan Mihran, partiden at\u0131l\u0131r. M\u00fccadele sertle\u015fir ve cinayetler ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n
Suikasta maruz kal\u0131p, yaralanan Mihran, Da\u015fnaktsutyun Partisi ile ilgili bildi\u011fi s\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00e7arl\u0131k polisine anlat\u0131r. Tutuklamalar ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n
\u00c7arl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan \u201cDa\u015fnaktsutyun davas\u0131\u201d a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve bu dava Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131, Rusya kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 siyaset g\u00fctme su\u00e7lamas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u201cDa\u015fnaktsutyun davas\u0131n\u0131n\u201d esas duru\u015fmalar\u0131 Peterburg\u2019da, senatonun mahkeme salonunda, Ocak 1912 tarihinde ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n
159 ki\u015fiye su\u00e7lama y\u00f6neltilir. Da\u015fnaktsakanlarla birlikte, ayd\u0131nlar ve birka\u00e7 Ermeni sanayicinin de bulundu\u011fu hi\u00e7bir partiye mensup olmayan \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi de san\u0131k sandalyesine oturtulur.<\/p>\n
Bu durum, \u00e7arl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan davaya genel Ermeni kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 e\u011filim verme \u00e7abas\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bas\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan, Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n Rusya kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 e\u011filimli oldu\u011fu iftiras\u0131n\u0131, yarg\u0131lamalar esnas\u0131nda kan\u0131tlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcm dava s\u00fcreci, h\u00fcrriyet\u00e7i Rus bas\u0131n\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sert bir \u015fekilde tenkit edilir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7o\u011falan tepkileri hesap eden h\u00fck\u00fcmet, Mart 1912\u2019de 94 ki\u015fiyi su\u00e7suz ilan eder, di\u011ferleri de hafif cezalar al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu \u201cbar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u201d karar, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f siyasetindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmle de a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Rusya, daha 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda, k\u0131smen h\u00e2l\u00e2 Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011finde bulunan Balkanlardaki Slavonlar\u0131 himaye etme siyaseti g\u00fctmekteydi.<\/p>\n
Bu y\u00fczden de Rus h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Ermeni milli hareketine ve milli partilere daha m\u00fclayim ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcyle yakla\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 arifesinde Do\u011fu Ermenistan (1910-1914)<\/b><\/p>\n
Ermenistan, XX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n yirmili y\u0131llar\u0131nda sosyo-ekonomik geli\u015fme ya\u015famaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ermenistan\u2019da yeni demiryollar\u0131 ve karayollar\u0131 in\u015fa edilir. Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n demiryolu a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu 680 kilometreydi. 1909-1903 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Ermenistan\u2019da i\u015flenen bak\u0131r 278,2 bin puttan (eski Rus \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc birimi, 1 put = 16,380 kg -\u00e7ev. notu), 343,4 bin puta ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bilindi\u011fi gibi, bak\u0131r \u00fcretiminden sonra alkol-konyak \u00fcretimi gelmekteydi.<\/p>\n
Yerevan Eyaleti\u2019nin Kars b\u00f6lgesindeki (Ka\u011f\u0131zman) tuz madenleri de i\u015fletilmekteydi. Karaba\u011f\u2019da \u00e7ok say\u0131da hal\u0131 at\u00f6lyelerinin \u00fcretimi, Transkafkasya\u2019da ba\u015far\u0131yla pazarlanmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Yerevan Eyaleti\u2019ndeki ipek \u00fcretimi \u00fclke i\u00e7inde m\u00fc\u015fteri bulmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Devrimci hareketlerin yeniden parlamas\u0131, XX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n yirmili y\u0131llar\u0131na damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurur. Daha 1910 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rusya\u2019da grevler patlak verir, 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rusya\u2019da ba\u015flayan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7i hareketleri ise t\u00fcm \u00fclkeye yay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Duma toplan\u0131r. 1907 y\u0131l\u0131nda toplanan ve hi\u00e7bir iz b\u0131rakmayan \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Duma\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131n, D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Duma, Rusya tarihinde \u00f6nemli siyasi rol oynar.<\/p>\n
Ermeni halk\u0131 i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli konu olan Bat\u0131 Ermenistan\u2019daki reformlar konusu ciddi bir \u015fekilde ortaya konur.<\/p>\n
Bu konu, yeniden a\u00e7\u0131lan Ermeni sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131yla uyu\u015ftu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen Rus \u201ckadet\u201d partisi liderleri taraf\u0131ndan hararetli bir \u015fekilde savunulur.<\/p>\n
1910-1914 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Do\u011fu Ermenistan\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen i\u015f\u00e7i hareketlerinin hayli zay\u0131f olup, kolayl\u0131kla bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek gerekir.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkenin farkl\u0131 y\u00f6relerinde tutu\u015fan k\u00f6yl\u00fc hareketleri ise daha uzun s\u00fcreli olup, giderek daha kitlesel bir hal al\u0131r. Lakin bu talepler ekonomik olmaktan \u00f6teye gitmedi\u011finden, bunlar da devlet taraf\u0131ndan kolayl\u0131kla bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Rusya\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi, Transkafkasya ve Ermenistan\u2019da konu\u015flanm\u0131\u015f olan askeri birliklerde, Kars, Yerevan, Aleksandrapol, Ka\u011f\u0131zman, Sar\u0131kam\u0131\u015f ve Oltu\u2019da hayli g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc gerginlikler ba\u015f g\u00f6sterir. Lakin t\u00fcm \u00fclkede oldu\u011fu gibi, Transkafkasya ve Ermenistan\u2019daki silahl\u0131 ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131lar, patlak veren Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sebebiyle t\u00fcm \u00fclkedeki e\u011filimlerin de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finden dolay\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k bir ayaklanmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmez.<\/p>\n
Sava\u015f, Rusya halklar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yeni sorunlar olu\u015fturdu\u011fundan, devrimci m\u00fccadele sorunlar\u0131 arka plana at\u0131l\u0131r ve vatan savunmas\u0131 konusu \u00f6n plana gelir. \u00dclke \u00fczerinde \u00e7\u00f6reklenen tehlike t\u00fcm partileri birle\u015ftirir. Sadece sol te\u015fkilatlar, \u00e7arl\u0131k d\u00fczenine kar\u015f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme y\u00f6nelimini terk etmez.<\/p>\n
http:\/\/www.findarmenia.com\/arm\/history\/25\/499<\/p>\n
\u00c7eviren: Diran Lokmag\u00f6zyan<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00c7arl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve \u201cDa\u015fnaktsutyun davas\u0131\u201d 1905 devrimi yenilgisinden sonra gericilik, reaksiyon d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flar. \\ Rusya\u2019da \u201cdirlik ve d\u00fczen\u201d tesis etme amac\u0131yla, bakanlar kurulu ba\u015fkan\u0131, ba\u015fbakan P. Stolipin, taraf\u0131ndan t\u00fcm \u00fclkede polis denetimleri s\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi takibatlar, milli bask\u0131larla paralel y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ermeniler \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131lar, b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda Da\u015fnaktsutyun Partisi\u2019ne y\u00f6nelir. Gerici \u00e7arl\u0131k g\u00f6revlileri, \u00fclkeyi itaatk\u00e2r k\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla, \u015fiddet […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ermenilerin-tarihi","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\n