{"id":33983,"date":"2015-03-14T02:30:40","date_gmt":"2015-03-14T07:30:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33983"},"modified":"2015-03-14T02:32:00","modified_gmt":"2015-03-14T07:32:00","slug":"33983","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33983","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiyeli Rumlar\u0131n kimli\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"C\u00e9line<\/a>
C\u00e9line Pierre Magnani
2008’den beri \u0130stanbul’da ya\u015fayan Frans\u0131z gazeteci ve \u00e7evirmen<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u00fcrekli azalan T\u00fcrkiyeli Rumlar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu Cumhuriyet’in ba\u015flar\u0131nda 100 000 ki\u015fiden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir ka\u00e7 bin ki\u015fiye inmi\u015f durumda. C\u00e9line Pierre Magnani bu makalede Rumlar\u0131n “vatanlar\u0131” olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri \u0130stanbul \u015fehriyle kurduklar\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6zel ba\u011f\u0131 inceliyor. Antakyal\u0131 Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fan Ortodokslar\u0131n geli\u015fiyle kimlik tan\u0131mlar\u0131 farkl\u0131la\u015fan \u0130stanbullu Rum toplumunun kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 da ele al\u0131yor.
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yunanca \u00ab\u00a0\u015fehir\u00a0\u00bb kelimesi, i Poli<\/em> (\u03b7 \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7<\/em>), bizi do\u011frudan \u0130stanbul\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyor\u2026\u00a0 Yunanca konu\u015fan Ortodokslar Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Yunan tarih\u00e7ili\u011finde Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Helen k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn en tepe noktas\u0131 olarak sunulur ve Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Rum1 <\/em><\/a><\/sup>toplumu taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcstlenilen devaml\u0131l\u0131k bu devasa \u015fehrin kozmopolit y\u00fcz\u00fcne katk\u0131da bulunmaya devam etti. 1923\u2019te Cumhuriyet\u2019in kurulu\u015fu ve T\u00fcrk ulus devletinin iradesi art\u0131k \u201caz\u0131nl\u0131k\u201d olarak tan\u0131nan Rumlar i\u00e7in hukuki bir stat\u00fc kurulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.2<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 ve Grek toplumuna mensup romiosini<\/em> (\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7<\/em>, \u00ab\u00a0\u0130stanbul Grek toplumu\u00a0\u00bb) iki boyutta ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor : referans olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimliksel alan (Yunanistan) ve somut siyasi alan\u0131 (T\u00fcrkiye). Devlet tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n klasik \u00e7er\u00e7evesine s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f zihinler milliyet ve topra\u011f\u0131n her zaman \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmayabilece\u011fini hayal etmekte zorlan\u0131yor. Bu ikili kimlik \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Rumlar\u0131n \u0130stanbul \u015fehriyle olan ili\u015fkilerini anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Resmi olarak Yunanistan Konsoloslu\u011fu \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Yunan vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n idari i\u015flemleriyle ilgilenir. Ama 1923 Lozan anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan beri Rum toplumunun stat\u00fcs\u00fcnden kaynaklanan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler konsoloslu\u011fu d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde m\u00fcdahalede bulunmaya y\u00f6neltti. Patrikhane gibi, konsolosluk toplumun eksikli\u011fini \u00e7ekti\u011fi temsil kurumunun yerine ge\u00e7ti. Resmi muhatap yoklu\u011funda konsolosluk \u00e7o\u011funlukla bu rol\u00fc \u00fcstlendi. Siyasi ya da ekonomik destek anlam\u0131nda toplum bu de\u011ferli destekten, konsoloslu\u011fun ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tutum her zaman fikir birli\u011fi yaratmasa da, vazge\u00e7mesi zordu.<\/p>\n

Kimliklerinin \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle gurur duyan \u0130stanbullu Rumlar konsoloslu\u011fa sadece ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 gerektirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in ba\u011fl\u0131lar. Grek milliyetinden olsalar da her \u015feyden \u00f6nce politis<\/em> (\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>, \u201c\u015fehrin\u201d sakinleri) idiler. Kullan\u0131lan kelime da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n zenginli\u011fi bu \u00f6zelli\u011fe dair fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. G\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 terim Frans\u0131zcaya \u201cGrec\u201d olarak \u00e7evriliyor, Yunancan\u0131n kategorileri k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve co\u011frafi k\u00f6ken aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 belirtmeyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131l\u0131yor. Ellinas,<\/em> (\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>) terimi Yunan ulusal topra\u011f\u0131nda ya da ba\u015fka yerlerde ya\u015fayan ve kendini Grek k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne sahip olarak g\u00f6ren herkes i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir terim. K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 Rumlar, \u0130stanbul Rumlar\u0131, Diaspora Rumlar\u0131\u2026 Bu terimlerin do\u011fru \u00e7evirisi \u201cGrec\u201d yerine \u201cHelen\u201d olmal\u0131yd\u0131, klasik eserlerle yo\u011frulmu\u015f Frans\u0131z tahayy\u00fcl\u00fcnde bu kelime antik d\u00f6nemi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmasayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul : ger\u00e7ek “vatan”<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul toplumu ba\u011flam\u0131nda elladitis<\/em> (\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>) teriminin kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131n. Bu kelime Yunan ulusal topra\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar\u0131 Rum toplumundan ay\u0131rt etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Romios<\/em> (\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9\u03cc\u03c2<\/em>) terimi \u0130stanbul Greklerini, yani Rumlar\u0131<\/em> tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Rumca oldu\u011fu kadar T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de de kullan\u0131lan bu terim \u201cYunan dilini konu\u015fan Ortodoks T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131\u201dn\u0131 i\u00e7eriyor (terimin kullan\u0131m\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminden geliyor, \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun Ortodoks Hristiyanlar\u0131 \u201cRomal\u0131lar\u201dla bir tutularak Rum olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131). Rumlar romiosini<\/em>\u2019nin, \u0130stanbul\u2019da ya\u015fayan hellenizmin kolunun devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yorlar. Bu teminolojinin kullan\u0131m\u0131 zihinlerde net bir ayr\u0131ma i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

Yunancaya kimilerinin hakim olmamas\u0131 ve Rumlar\u0131n tipik aksan\u0131 \u00ab\u00a0Helladiklere\u00a0\u00bb kar\u015f\u0131 bazen bir kompleks yaratabiliyor. T\u00fcrk dilinin etkisinin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir kelime da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve deyimler kullan\u0131yorlar. Toprak kimli\u011fi somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor, ona kendini bulmas\u0131 ve geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sa\u011fl\u0131yor.Bu iki kavram etkile\u015fim i\u00e7inde. T\u00fcrk toplumu T\u00fcrk milliyetinden bireylerin kimli\u011fini yans\u0131t\u0131yorsa bir Rum\u00a0 i\u00e7in durum nas\u0131ld\u0131r ? Grek kimli\u011fi soyut kalma riskini ta\u015f\u0131yor, oysa g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n dinamizmi onlar\u0131 canl\u0131 bir T\u00fcrk kimli\u011fi geli\u015ftirmeye s\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fcyor.\u00a0 \u201cMemleketin neresi ?\u201d sorusuna cevap hep ayn\u0131 : i Poli<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0\u015eehir\u00a0\u00bb). Her\u015fey sanki kimliklerininYunan topra\u011f\u0131nda da T\u00fcrk topra\u011f\u0131nda da art\u0131k bir yans\u0131mas\u0131 yokmu\u015f gibi ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Grek milliyeti ve T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki sentez mekan\u0131 olarak yaln\u0131z \u0130stanbul ger\u00e7ek \u201cvatan\u201dlar\u0131 haline geliyor.<\/p>\n

Patrikhane, kiliseler, Bizans miras\u0131 \u201c\u015eehrin\u201d manzaras\u0131nda k\u00f6klerini ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n me\u015fruiyetini teyid eden mihenk ta\u015flar\u0131. Kimlik bilinci Antik \u00e7a\u011flar miras\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ok Bizans miras\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Romiosini<\/em>\u2019lerin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korumak i\u00e7in karma (Rum-T\u00fcrk) evliliklere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekinceler gibi baz\u0131 koruma mekanizmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konmu\u015f. 1923\u2019te Cumhuriyet\u2019in kurulu\u015funa kadar n\u00fcfusu fazla olan toplum kendili\u011finden \u201cendogamik\u201d refleksler geli\u015ftirmi\u015fti. G\u00f6\u00e7lerle birlikte toplum i\u00e7i evlilikler nadir hale geldi ve her karma evlilik romiosini<\/em>\u2019nin erozyonu anlam\u0131na geliyordu. Bu muhafazakarl\u0131k tarihsel devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131smen kayna\u011f\u0131yd\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc suland\u0131rma korkusuyla \u00e7evre toplum taraf\u0131ndan getirilen \u201cyeniliklerin\u201d s\u0131kl\u0131kla reddini getiriyordu. Toplumun y\u00fcksek ya\u015f ortalamas\u0131 bu dinamizm eksikli\u011finin belirtileri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Patrikhane geleneksel olarak bu muhafazakar kutbu canland\u0131r\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda dini t\u00f6renlerde Rumcan\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 Patrikhane\u2019yi Grek milliyetinin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan kurum haline getirmi\u015fti. Cumhuriyet boyunca Patrikhane T\u00fcrk kamuoyunda \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015f\u00fcphelerin nesnesi oldu. Stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn net olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fruydu : Cumhuriyet\u2019in \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerel dini kurum de\u011fildi ve \u0130stanbul Rum toplumuna kar\u015f\u0131 bir sorumluluk ta\u015f\u0131yarak uluslararas\u0131 bir mahiyet kazand\u0131. Patrikhane s\u0131ras\u0131yla Cumhuriyet i\u00e7in hain, yerel siyasi kurum ya da Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fcttefiki olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Rum toplumu ve T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti aras\u0131nda ray\u00fcz g\u00f6revi g\u00f6ren, T\u00fcrk-Yunan ili\u015fkilerine m\u00fcdahil ve d\u00fcnya din sahnesinde bir akt\u00f6r olarak \u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fcdahale seviyesine sahipti.<\/p>\n

1991\u2019de Patrik 1. Bartolomeos\u2019un atanmas\u0131 durumu de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. A\u00e7\u0131k zihinli olmas\u0131yla tan\u0131nan Bartolomeos yapt\u0131klar\u0131yla kuruma yeni bir nefes getirdi. \u00c7a\u011f\u0131n sorular\u0131na (ekoloji, medeniyetler diyalogu\u2026) g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ilgi ve y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131ndaki kurumun faaliyetleri Patrikhanenin imaj\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirdi. Konsoloslukla birlikte Patrikhane toplumun idaresinde etkin olmaya devam ediyor.\u00a0 Tavsiyeler ya da ba\u011f\u0131\u015flarla bu konuya katk\u0131da bulunuyor. Toplum nezdindeki dini rol\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019daki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gerek\u00e7elendiriyor. N\u00fcfusun azalmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla onun i\u00e7in do\u011frudan tehdit olu\u015fturuyor. 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda 160 bin ki\u015fiden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Rumlar 2000 ki\u015fiye d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda. Ortodoks T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131 art\u0131k var olmazsa \u0130stanbul Patrikhanesi\u2019nin de art\u0131k pek varl\u0131k sebebi olmaz. Kiliseye d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde gitmek k\u00f6klere ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n bir yoludur. Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc randevular\u0131 art\u0131k inan\u00e7 g\u00f6stergesi olmaktan daha \u00e7ok sosyalle\u015fme arac\u0131d\u0131r : \u201ckendi aralar\u0131nda\u201d bulunmalar\u0131n\u0131, geli\u015fmelerden haberdar olmay\u0131 ve toplum ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden kurmay\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Yeni kimlik sorgulamalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kiliseler i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu gibi n\u00fcfusun azalmas\u0131 okullar\u0131n iyi i\u015fleyi\u015fini de aksat\u0131yor. Okullar romiosini<\/em>\u2019nin aktar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ana arac\u0131 ama endi\u015feleri artt\u0131raran ve toplumun moralini bozan bir \u015fekilde \u00e7ok say\u0131da okul kapan\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sembolleri B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Okulu (1454), Zapyon (1885) ve Zografyon (1893) a\u00e7\u0131k kalan son okullardan. Az say\u0131daki \u00f6\u011frencileri neden merkezi bir okulda toplanmas\u0131n ? Bu soru sorulmuyor dahi. Etkinlik ve tasarruftan daha \u00e7ok toplumun kendine dair imaj\u0131 bu kurumlar\u0131n ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131nda rol oynuyor.<\/p>\n

Okul meselesi ba\u015fka bir problemi ortaya koyuyor : Antakyal\u0131 Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fan Rumlar\u0131n geli\u015fi yeni kimlik sorgulamalar\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getiriyor. T\u00fcrk makamlar\u0131n\u0131n kuland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Rum kategorisi Ortodoks dininden T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kaps\u0131yor. Oysa 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llardan beri birbirini izleyen g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgalar\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fan Antakyal\u0131 Ortodoksu \u0130stanbul\u2019a yerle\u015fmeye sevk etti. Onlar da en az\u0131ndan b\u00fcrokrasi baz\u0131nda Rum toplumunda kabul ediliyor ve kanun nezdinde\u00a0 Rum milliyetinden bireylerle ayn\u0131 \u00f6nceliklerden yararlan\u0131yor. Rum olarak toplumun okullar\u0131na gidebiliyor ama Rumca bilmedikleri i\u00e7in zorluk \u00e7ekiyorlar. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta okula giden \u00e7ocuklar dili h\u0131zl\u0131ca \u00f6\u011frenebilse de daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olanlar Arap\u00e7a anadil, empoze edilen T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve art\u0131k yeni e\u011fitim dili olan Rumca aras\u0131nda ciddi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Son y\u0131llarda say\u0131lar\u0131 devaml\u0131 olarak artt\u0131 ve art\u0131k bu \u00f6\u011frenciler s\u0131n\u0131flarda mevcudun %50\u2019sine yak\u0131n bir oran\u0131 temsil ediyor. \u00d6\u011frencilerin seviyesi meselesi mevcut ama ikincil bir konumda. Tepkiler \u00e7e\u015fitli : kesin redden entegrasyon iste\u011fine kadar de\u011fi\u015fkenlik g\u00f6steriyor. Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fanlar\u0131n n\u00fcfus dinami\u011fi Rumlar\u0131n tersine bir geli\u015fim g\u00f6steriyor. Mevcutlar\u0131 artt\u0131rarak bu n\u00fcfusun geli\u015fi eskiden tehdit alt\u0131nda olan okullar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Bu dinamiklik uzun vadede g\u00fc\u00e7 dengesinin tersine d\u00f6nece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmeyi de sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fmek durumundaysa Romiosini<\/em>\u2019yi ya\u015fatmaya devam etmek gerekir mi ? T\u00fcrk makamlar\u0131n\u0131n nezdinde Rumlarn \u00e7o\u011fu ileride Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fanlardan olu\u015facak, oysa helen romiosini <\/em>kaybolmaya y\u00fcz tutacak.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u00e7ler meselesi bu herkesin birbirini tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fi ve orijinal romiosini\u2019<\/em>yesadakatle \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fcnyada tabu konulara dahil. Rakamlar baz\u0131nda toplumun durumu yenilenme umuduna az yer b\u0131rak\u0131yor. Ama \u00e7ok aktif birka\u00e7 ki\u015filik bu romiosini<\/em>\u2019nindevam\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ediyor ve temsiller etkin bir \u015fekilde aktar\u0131l\u0131yor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Yunanistan\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de di\u011ferinin k\u00f6keni alg\u0131larda temel bir rol oynuyor. K\u00f6kenler ikinci, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ku\u015fa\u011fa giderek anlat\u0131l\u0131r, \u201c\u015fehirden\u201d gelen dededen nas\u0131l gurur duyuldu\u011fu anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Geldi\u011fi yerden daha \u00e7ok di\u011ferinin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel atmosferi bizi ilgimizi \u00e7eker. Burada ve ba\u015fka bir yerde romiosini <\/em>\u015fekle b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00a0: yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na yerle\u015fmi\u015f \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u0130stanbullu Rum k\u00f6ken toplumla ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ve onlar i\u00e7in romiosini\u2019<\/em>nin ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131 elzem bir oyun, sanki toplumun \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6ken k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc n\u00fcn ya\u015fayan bir referans\u0131 olmadan anlam\u0131 olmazm\u0131\u015f gibi.<\/p>\n

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1. <\/a>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Rum\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> (Yunanca \u00ab\u00a0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03af<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb) terimi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki T\u00fcrkiye topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Rumca konu\u015fan Ortodoks toplumun mensuplar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret ediyor. G\u00fcnl\u00fck dilde K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 Rumlar i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. \u201cOrtodoks Rum\u201d idari kategorisi Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fan Antakya Rumlar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7eriyor. Lozan antla\u015fmas\u0131ndan beri (1922-1923) Rum toplumu Yahudi ve Ermeni toplumlar\u0131 gibi resmi \u201caz\u0131nl\u0131k\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fcne sahip.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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2.<\/a> T\u00fcrkiyeli Rum toplumu 1923\u2019ten itibaren d\u00fczenli olarak azald\u0131. Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda 100\u00a0000 ki\u015fi olarak tahmin edilen Rum toplumu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u00e7o\u011fu 60 ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerinde birka\u00e7 bin ki\u015fiden ibaret (Patrikhanenin verilerine g\u00f6re 1500 ki\u015fi). 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca Yunanistan\u2019a ve Rum diasporas\u0131n\u0131n geleneksel olarak yerle\u015fti\u011fi \u00fclkelere (Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkeleri, Amerika, Avusturya, Kanada..) g\u00f6\u00e7 ya\u015fand\u0131. K\u00fclt\u00fcr tektiple\u015ftirilmesi politikalar\u0131yla de facto uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k i\u00e7inde olan \u00ab\u00a0romiosini\u00a0\u00bb(\u00ab\u00a0\u03b7<\/em>\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>), iki ulus devlet mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda kalarak, bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6sterdi. G\u00f6\u00e7 s\u00fcrecini pek \u00e7ok tarihsel a\u015fama h\u0131zland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir : 1942 \u201cvarl\u0131k vergisi\u201d, 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl 1955 olaylar\u0131 diye adland\u0131r\u0131lan Rum az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenen pogromlar, 1963-64 ve 1974 K\u0131br\u0131s krizleri.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/repairfuture.net\/index.php\/tr\/identite-baska-bir-bakis\/gunumuzde-turkiyeli-rumlarin-kimligi<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00fcrekli azalan T\u00fcrkiyeli Rumlar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu Cumhuriyet’in ba\u015flar\u0131nda 100 000 ki\u015fiden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir ka\u00e7 bin ki\u015fiye inmi\u015f durumda. C\u00e9line Pierre Magnani bu makalede Rumlar\u0131n “vatanlar\u0131” olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri \u0130stanbul \u015fehriyle kurduklar\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6zel ba\u011f\u0131 inceliyor. Antakyal\u0131 Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fan Ortodokslar\u0131n geli\u015fiyle kimlik tan\u0131mlar\u0131 farkl\u0131la\u015fan \u0130stanbullu Rum toplumunun kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 da ele al\u0131yor. Yunanca \u00ab\u00a0\u015fehir\u00a0\u00bb kelimesi, i Poli (\u03b7 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-turkiye-azerbaycan"],"yoast_head":"\nG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiyeli Rumlar\u0131n kimli\u011fi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33983\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiyeli Rumlar\u0131n kimli\u011fi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"S\u00fcrekli azalan T\u00fcrkiyeli Rumlar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu Cumhuriyet’in ba\u015flar\u0131nda 100 000 ki\u015fiden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir ka\u00e7 bin ki\u015fiye inmi\u015f durumda. C\u00e9line Pierre Magnani bu makalede Rumlar\u0131n “vatanlar\u0131” olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri \u0130stanbul \u015fehriyle kurduklar\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6zel ba\u011f\u0131 inceliyor. Antakyal\u0131 Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fan Ortodokslar\u0131n geli\u015fiyle kimlik tan\u0131mlar\u0131 farkl\u0131la\u015fan \u0130stanbullu Rum toplumunun kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 da ele al\u0131yor. 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