{"id":33777,"date":"2015-03-02T02:06:19","date_gmt":"2015-03-02T07:06:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777"},"modified":"2015-03-02T02:07:11","modified_gmt":"2015-03-02T07:07:11","slug":"eger-almanya-yardim-etseydi-cok-sayida-ermeni-kurtulabilirdi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777","title":{"rendered":"\u2018E\u011fer Almanya yard\u0131m etseydi, \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni kurtulabilirdi\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Enver<\/a>Emre Can Da\u011fl\u0131o\u011flu<\/b><\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7en hafta, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n 100. y\u0131l\u0131na dair Almanya\u2019da s\u00fcren sessizli\u011fi bozan bir kitap yay\u0131mland\u0131. Taz gazetesi T\u00fcrkiye muhabiri J\u00fcrgen Gottschlich\u2019in Almanya ve T\u00fcrkiye ar\u015fiv belgeleriyle yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Beihilfe zum V\u00f6lkermord: Deutschlands Rolle bei der Vernichtung der Armenier\u2019 [Soyk\u0131r\u0131ma Yard\u0131m Etme: Ermenilerin Yok Edilmesinde Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Rol\u00fc] isimli kitap b\u00fcy\u00fck tart\u0131\u015fmaya sebep oldu. Gottschlich\u2019le, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131mdaki rol\u00fcn\u00fc ve soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan sonra ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tavr\u0131 konu\u015ftuk.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019ndaki rol\u00fc, olduk\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir konu. Neden bu konuyu se\u00e7tiniz?<\/b><\/p>\n

10 y\u0131ldan uzun s\u00fcredir T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015f\u0131yorum ve Ermeni meselesi \u00fczerine ve Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7ok say\u0131da makale ve yaz\u0131 okumu\u015ftum. Hrant Dink\u2019le yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir r\u00f6portajda ve daha sonras\u0131nda bu mesele \u00fczerine kafa yoran meslekta\u015flar\u0131mla konu\u015fmalar\u0131mda, bana hep neden bu konuda Almanya\u2019n\u0131n rol\u00fc \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorsun diye soruyorlard\u0131. Ben de bu konunun \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir konu oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flad\u0131m. Fakat bir \u015feyler okumak istedi\u011fimde, bu konudaki literat\u00fcr\u00fcn olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Bu konuya de\u011finen birka\u00e7 kitap olsa da, do\u011frudan bu konuyu ele alan Almanca, \u00f6zellikle de uzmanlar\u0131n okuyabilece\u011fi kitaplar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yoktu. Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerine kitaplarda Almanlar\u0131n rol\u00fcne ili\u015fkin b\u00f6l\u00fcmler var elbette, fakat \u00f6zellikle Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda Almanya\u2019n\u0131n rol\u00fcne odaklanm\u0131\u015f bir kitap bulamad\u0131m. O y\u00fczden, bu konuyu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya karar verdim.<\/p>\n

Hangi kaynaklardan yararland\u0131n\u0131z?<\/b><\/p>\n

Almanya ar\u015fivlerinde rahat\u00e7a \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Fakat orada, I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ar\u015fivlerinin eksikli\u011fiyle ilgili sorunlar ya\u015fad\u0131m, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda bu ar\u015fivlerin \u00e7o\u011fu yok olmu\u015ftu. Orada bir \u015feyler buldum, fakat eksik belgeler oldu\u011funun fark\u0131na vard\u0131m. O y\u00fczden, T\u00fcrkiye ar\u015fivlere de bakt\u0131m. Osmanl\u0131 ar\u015fivleri ve Genelkurmay ar\u015fivlerine girdim.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015f\u0131 olarak Genelkurmay ar\u015fivlerine girmenize izin verdiler mi?<\/b><\/p>\n

Evet, fakat inan\u0131n \u00e7ok kolay olmad\u0131. Belgelerin orijinallerini g\u00f6rmeme izin vermediler elbette ki. \u0130stedi\u011fim belgeleri i\u015faretleyip ba\u015fvursam da, nihayetinde neyi g\u00f6r\u00fcp g\u00f6remeyece\u011fime yetkililer karar verdiler. Daha sonra arkada\u015flar\u0131mla konu\u015ftu\u011fumda, bunun bile bir nimet oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylediler. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc normalde gazetecilerin ar\u015fivlere girmesine izin vermiyorlarm\u0131\u015f. T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Alman profes\u00f6r\u00fcn Ankara\u2019da tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ki\u015filer sayesinde bu izni ald\u0131m. \u00d6nemli kaynaklara ula\u015ft\u0131m diyebilirim, fakat orada daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131n da oldu\u011funu biliyorum. \u00d6zellikle Almanca belgelere bakmak istemi\u015ftim, ancak bana \u201cBu belgeler Almanca oldu\u011fundan okuyam\u0131yoruz, o y\u00fczden orada ne yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyoruz. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sana g\u00f6steremeyiz\u201d dediler.<\/p>\n

Kitap, 1915\u2019in \u00f6ncesini de ele al\u0131yor. Osmanl\u0131-Alman ili\u015fkileri ne zaman ba\u015fl\u0131yor?<\/b><\/p>\n

Almanya ile Osmanl\u0131 ili\u015fkileri resmi olarak 1879\u2019da Almanlar\u0131n resmi olarak II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019i ziyaret etmesiyle ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Ermenilerin yok edilmesini neden kabul etti\u011fini anlamak istiyorsak, Almanlar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan ne istedi\u011fini veya ne bekledi\u011fini anlamam\u0131z gerekiyor. Arada \u00f6nemli bir ihtiya\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi var. Bu anlamda, Almanya ile Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n iyi ili\u015fkileri de bu tarihte ba\u015fl\u0131yor diyebilirim.<\/p>\n

Sizce Almanya\u2019n\u0131n neden Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131?<\/b><\/p>\n

19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonunda, Almanya, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda giderek g\u00fc\u00e7lenen ve b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7ler aras\u0131na girmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir devletti. Bu y\u00fczden, kolonilere ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131. Fakat kolonilerin \u00e7o\u011fu \u0130ngilizler ve Frans\u0131zlar taraf\u0131ndan payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, Osmanl\u0131 gibi zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f bir imparatorlu\u011fa ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131. Onu kolonile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in de\u011fil belki, ancak siyasi ve ekonomik olarak Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fczerinde bir hegemonya yaratma ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131. Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 bu anlamda \u00f6zellikle \u015eark\u2019taki \u0130ngiliz varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kullanabileceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcler. Bu anlamda, I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda Almanlar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya bi\u00e7ti\u011fi M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da \u0130ngiltere\u2019yle sava\u015fma rol\u00fcn\u00fc hat\u0131rlatmakta fayda var. Almanya, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla y\u00f6netti\u011fi ticari ve askeri trafi\u011fi durdurmak istiyordu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Almanya-Osmanl\u0131 ili\u015fkilerinde Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6nemi ile \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti d\u00f6nemi aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131klar var m\u0131?<\/b><\/p>\n

1908\u2019de devrim oldu\u011funda, Osmanl\u0131\u2019yla Almanya aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki ger\u00e7ekten iyi durumdayd\u0131 diyebiliriz. Osmanl\u0131 ordusunu modernize etmesi i\u00e7in Almanya\u2019dan getirilen uzmanlar oldu. Krupp ve Mauser gibi Alman \u015firketlerine ilk kapsaml\u0131 silah sipari\u015fleri verildi ve Almanya, Ba\u011fdat Demiryollar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 destekledi. Colmar von der Goltz, Harbiye\u2019yi kurmas\u0131 i\u00e7in getirildi. Bu iyi ili\u015fkiler sebebiyle, Almanya, ilk ba\u015fta 1908 Devrimi\u2019ne kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. J\u00f6n T\u00fcrkler, Berlin\u2019den \u00e7ok, Londra\u2019ya yak\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Bu noktadaki t\u0131kanmay\u0131 y\u0131kan, Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Almanya\u2019ya askeri ata\u015fe olarak gelmesi oldu. Bu g\u00f6revi s\u0131ras\u0131nda Enver, Almanlarla \u00f6zel dostluklar kurdu. Bu dostlar\u0131ndan biri de, Hans Humann\u2019d\u0131. Humann, daha sonra Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sava\u015fta Almanya\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131nda yer almas\u0131nda ve Almanya i\u00e7in Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli isimlerden bir oldu. Enver\u2019den sonra da Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019yla da Almanlar iyi ili\u015fki kurarken, Cemal Pa\u015fa ve Cavit Bey bu ili\u015fkilerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sizce Osmanl\u0131 neden Almanya\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131nda sava\u015fa kat\u0131ld\u0131?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Almanya, Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya imparatorlu\u011fu yeniden kurma ve yeni yerleri ele ge\u00e7irme \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 verdi. Di\u011fer tarafta yer alan \u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n ise imparatorlu\u011fun bir \u015fekilde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 oldu\u011fu biliniyordu. Almanya ise Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 istemiyordu.<\/p>\n

Bu anlamda Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019ndaki rol\u00fcn\u00fc nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlars\u0131n\u0131z?<\/b><\/p>\n

Tek c\u00fcmleyle s\u00f6yleyeyim: Almanlar, Ermenilerin katledilece\u011fini biliyorlard\u0131, ancak do\u011frudan bir \u015fey yapmad\u0131lar. Yani Almanlar kimseyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrmediler. Almanya\u2019da da halen tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir konu bu. Kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc b\u00f6yle \u00f6zetleyebilirim.<\/p>\n

Almanya\u2019n\u0131n rol\u00fcn\u00fc izleyici olarak tan\u0131mlamak, sorumlulu\u011funu aza indirmek anlam\u0131na gelmez mi?<\/b><\/p>\n

Basit\u00e7e sadece izlediler demiyorum. Elbette ki Ermenilere ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyorlard\u0131. Hatta Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019ya yak\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Alman yetkililerin baz\u0131lar\u0131, tehcirin planlanmas\u0131nda aktif olarak rol ald\u0131lar. Uygulamaya konduktan sonra, bunun s\u0131radan bir tehcir plan\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131na vard\u0131lar. 1915 Temmuz\u2019unda Alman B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i Hans von Wangenheim, \u015eans\u00f6lye Bethmann Hollweg\u2019e \u201cOsmanl\u0131\u2019da bulunan Ermeniler yok etmek istiyorlar. Biz ne yapaca\u011f\u0131z?\u201d diye bir telgraf g\u00f6nderdi. Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmeti yetkililerinden gelen cevap ise, \u201cBunu biliyoruz, fakat bir \u015fey yapmayaca\u011f\u0131z\u201d oldu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Almanlar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya ve \u00f6zellikle Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019ya sava\u015fta ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131. E\u011fer Enver, Ermenileri yok etmek istiyorsa ve biz buna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karsak, T\u00fcrkleri kaybederiz diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Almanya\u2019n\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 engelleme g\u00fcc\u00fc yok muydu?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Hans von Wangenheim\u2019\u0131n 1915 Ekim\u2019inde kalp krizi sonucu \u00f6lmesinin ard\u0131ndan g\u00f6reve gelen Paul Wolff-Metternich, Ermenilerin katledilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten bir \u015feyler yapmak istedi. Hatta bu y\u00f6nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan en \u00fcst d\u00fczeydeki Alman yetkili diyebilirim. Aral\u0131k 1915\u2019te bunun i\u00e7in Alman D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Bethmann Hollweg\u2019in dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131na birer mektup yazd\u0131 ve bu s\u00fcreci durdurmalar\u0131n\u0131, yoksa Ermenilerin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmekten ba\u015fka se\u00e7enekleri olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Bu d\u00f6nem, tam olarak \u00c7anakkale Cephesi\u2019nde zaferin kazan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, fakat Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun b\u00fcy\u00fck kay\u0131plar verdi\u011fi d\u00f6neme denk geliyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Almanya\u2019dan gelecek olan yard\u0131ma \u00e7ok ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131. Yani e\u011fer Osmanl\u0131, o anda Almanya\u2019dan yard\u0131m alamasayd\u0131, sava\u015fa devam edemeyecek durumdayd\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tam bu d\u00f6nemde Almanya\u2019n\u0131n \u201cBu yard\u0131m\u0131 almak istiyorsan\u0131z, Ermenileri katletmeyi durdurmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z\u201d deme g\u00fcc\u00fc vard\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemden \u00f6ncesinde Almanya\u2019n\u0131n da b\u00f6yle bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulamas\u0131 zordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya giden yard\u0131mlar\u0131n gitti\u011fi trenler, S\u0131rbistan\u2019dan ge\u00e7iyordu ve bu y\u00fczden, yard\u0131mlarda sorun ya\u015fan\u0131yordu. Ancak Ekim ay\u0131nda S\u0131rbistan d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve yard\u0131mlar\u0131n kesintiye u\u011framadan Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya ula\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131. O d\u00f6nemde \u00e7ok say\u0131da katliam ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ancak tehcir kafileleri Suriye\u2019ye yeni yeni ula\u015f\u0131yordu. Hatta Urfa gibi \u015fehirlerde daha tehcir ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 bile. Yani e\u011fer Almanya yard\u0131m etseydi, daha \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan kurtulabilirdi. Fakat Wolff-Metternich\u2019e verilen cevap olumsuz oldu. Ona, \u201cBiz bunu yapamay\u0131z, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu sava\u015f\u0131n mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131\u201d dendi. Hatta ona yaz\u0131lan mektupta, \u201cSen \u00e7\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131n m\u0131? Bu, T\u00fcrkleri kaybetmemiz anlam\u0131na gelir. Ermenilerden bize ne? Onlar bizi ilgilendirmiyor\u201d \u015feklinde bir ifade var. Bu, soyk\u0131r\u0131m s\u00fcrecindeki son k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131 oldu. Bu anlamda, Almanya Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Ermenileri \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesine izin verdi.<\/p>\n

Bu anlamda, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n planlanma s\u00fcrecine katk\u0131 sundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilir miyiz?<\/b><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131\u2019da politik olarak aktif olan bir avu\u00e7 insandan, 10 veya 12 ki\u015fiden bahsediyoruz. Bunlardan en \u00f6nemlisi daha \u00f6nce bahsetti\u011fim Wangenheim. Soyk\u0131r\u0131ma dair telgraflar\u0131 s\u00fcmen alt\u0131 ediyor. Bir di\u011feri, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Bronsart von Schellendorf. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Schellendorf\u2019un g\u00f6revi sava\u015f planlar\u0131 yapmak ve kendisi Ermenileri Sar\u0131kam\u0131\u015f\u2019tan bile \u00f6nce, yani Aral\u0131k 1914\u2019te bile tehlike olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtiyor. J\u00f6n T\u00fcrkler, Ermenileri tehcir etme karar\u0131n\u0131 verdiklerinde daha sava\u015f\u0131n yeni ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da unutmamak gerekir. Alman yetkililer, Sar\u0131kam\u0131\u015f ve ard\u0131ndan Van\u2019da ya\u015fananlar\u0131 J\u00f6n T\u00fcrklerden dinlediklerinde, Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011fine kolayca ikna oluyorlar. Fakat yap\u0131lan\u0131n \u2018normal\u2019 bir s\u00fcrg\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, \u201cEvet, bu ho\u015f de\u011fil ama yapacak bir \u015fey yok\u201d diyorlar genellikle. Ama Humann gibi birka\u00e7 isim daha, Ermenisiz bir Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden, bu karar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda duruyorlar. Humann\u2019\u0131n Enver\u2019in yak\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve Ermenilere y\u00f6nelik kararlar\u0131 plan a\u015famas\u0131ndayken bildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek gerekir. Enver\u2019in arkada\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 o d\u00f6nemde Osmanl\u0131\u2019daki en muteber Alman\u2019d\u0131 diyebiliriz.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde, Almanya\u2019daki gazeteler soyk\u0131r\u0131m hakk\u0131nda bir \u015fey yaz\u0131yorlar m\u0131?<\/b><\/p>\n

Almanya\u2019da ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n olup bitenden \u00e7ok fazla haberi olmuyor. Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda gazetelerde sans\u00fcrlendi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu konuda bir \u015fey bulam\u0131yorsunuz. Devlet yetkilileri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapan din g\u00f6revlileri ise soyk\u0131r\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131 bir \u015feyler yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Bunlardan en \u00fcnl\u00fcleri de Johannes Lepsius. 1915 yaz\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelip Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019yla da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeyi de Humann ayarl\u0131yor. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeden sonra Lepsius, Almanya\u2019ya geliyor. Soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporu yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, fakat rapor Almanya\u2019da yasaklan\u0131nca, Almanya\u2019y\u0131 terk etmek zorunda kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu duruma kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan, engellemek isteyen Alman yetkililer var m\u0131yd\u0131?<\/b><\/p>\n

O d\u00f6nemde, Erzurum\u2019da Scheubner-Richter, Halep\u2019te R\u00f6ssler ve Musul\u2019da Holstein isimli Alman el\u00e7ileri g\u00f6rev yap\u0131yordu. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fc de Ermenilere y\u00f6nelik uygulamalara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. \u0130stanbul ve Berlin\u2019e defalarca kez b\u00f6lgelerinde neler oldu\u011funu anlatan telgraflar g\u00f6nderdiler. Scheubner-Richter, el\u00e7i olarak g\u00f6rev alsa da, asl\u0131nda askerdi. B\u00f6lgedeki \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Ordu\u2019nun faaliyetlerini de yak\u0131ndan takip ediyordu. \u0130stanbul\u2019a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi bir telgrafta, meselenin Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi askeri bir mesele olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgedeki Ermenilerin askeri tehdit olu\u015fturmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Ona g\u00f6re, s\u00fcrg\u00fcne yollananlar, tehlike olu\u015fturmayacak kad\u0131nlar, \u00e7ocuklar ve ya\u015fl\u0131lard\u0131. Fakat bunu g\u00f6rmezden geldiler. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, R\u00f6ssler ve Holstein\u2019\u0131n telgraflar\u0131 da g\u00f6rmezden gelindi. Hatta bir s\u00fcre sonra, susturmak i\u00e7in Scheubner-Richter\u2019in g\u00f6rev b\u00f6lgesi de\u011fi\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n

Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 cezaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, Holokost\u2019un ya\u015fanmayaca\u011f\u0131na dair g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler de var. Siz bu konuda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/b><\/p>\n

Bence bu do\u011frudan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir bir \u015fey de\u011fil. Osmanl\u0131lar, Ermenilerin Ruslarla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmas\u0131ndan korkuyorlard\u0131. Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019nda di\u011fer uluslar\u0131n Ruslarla bir araya gelerek kendilerine y\u00f6neldi\u011fini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdi. Bunlar, yap\u0131lan\u0131 me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131yor elbette ki. Nazi rejiminde ise Yahudilere y\u00f6nelen \u015fiddetin alt\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir korku yoktu. Orada ya\u015fanan saf bir \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda Osmanl\u0131\u2019da g\u00f6rev alan ve sonra Nazilere destek veren Alman yetkililer yok mu?<\/b><\/p>\n

Evet, b\u00f6yle isimler var. Sava\u015f\u0131n sonunda Osmanl\u0131\u2019da kurmay subay olarak yer alan ve sonra Nazi rejimine b\u00fcy\u00fck destek veren Franz von Papen, bunlardan birisi. Humann, bu isimlerden biri olarak yine kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Humann, sava\u015ftan sonra 20\u2019li y\u0131llarda Nazi Partisi\u2019ne b\u00fcy\u00fck destek veren Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung isimli gazetenin sahibi. Bu gazete, Talat Pa\u015fa, 1921\u2019de Berlin\u2019de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine ve sonras\u0131nda Tehlirian\u2019\u0131n serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7ok tepki g\u00f6steriyor. Bunun ard\u0131ndan, gazetede Schellendorf, Osmanl\u0131 I. Ordu Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Otto von Feldmann ve III. Ordu Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Felix Guse, Ermenilerin katletmenin neden gerekli oldu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik yaz\u0131lar yaz\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

\u2018Almanya\u2019n\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n 100. y\u0131l\u0131nda ne yapaca\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fulmuyor\u2019<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019na y\u00f6nelik tavr\u0131 ne oluyor?<\/b><\/p>\n

2005\u2019te, Alman Parlamentosu\u2019nda Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ve Almanya\u2019n\u0131n o d\u00f6nem yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu ve bunun i\u00e7in devlet olarak \u00fczg\u00fcn oldu\u011funu belirten bir bildiri yay\u0131mland\u0131. O d\u00f6nemde, Almanya, bunun soyk\u0131r\u0131m oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnse de, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yle ili\u015fkilerinden dolay\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m demedi. Bug\u00fcn de ayn\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce hakim. Ben de bunu nas\u0131l adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na bakm\u0131yorum asl\u0131nda. Ancak Almanya daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 yapmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

Almanya ne yapabilir bu konuda?<\/b><\/p>\n

Nisan 2015\u2019te Almanya, Yerevan\u2019daki anmaya \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir yetkiliyle kat\u0131lmayacak. \u015eans\u00f6lye Merkel, bu konuyu akl\u0131na bile getirmemi\u015ftir hen\u00fcz. Almanya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Frank-Walter Steinmeier\u2019\u0131n da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sanm\u0131yorum. Belki Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Yerevan B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi kat\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak garip olan Almanya\u2019da bunun tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 bile yap\u0131lm\u0131yor. Bu kitapla, umar\u0131m b\u00f6yle bir tart\u0131\u015fma a\u00e7abilirim.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Soyk\u0131r\u0131m tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, Holokost\u2019a olan benzerlikleri 1915\u2019in soyk\u0131r\u0131m oldu\u011funun ispat\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131rken, Holokost\u2019tan farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 da 1915\u2019in soyk\u0131r\u0131m olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n delili olarak ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hamburg \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Prof. J\u00fcrgen Zimmerer ise Holokost ile Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7ok temel bir benzerli\u011fi vurguluyor: \u2018Her iki soyk\u0131r\u0131m da, kriz zamanlar\u0131nda g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7isi ilan edilen i\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fmandan kurtulma giri\u015fimiydi.\u2019\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

20. y\u00fczy\u0131l, Almanya ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda \u2018rahats\u0131z eden n\u00fcfusun yok edilmesi\u2019 mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n uygulamaya konulmas\u0131na tan\u0131kl\u0131k etti. Neden bu iki \u00fclkede uygulamaya kondu bu mant\u0131k?<\/b><\/p>\n

Esas\u0131nda homojen ulus-devletler yaratma arzusu, Frans\u0131z Devrimi\u2019yle birlikte y\u00fckselen modern milliyet\u00e7iliklerin sonucu. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca, biyolojik \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k pop\u00fclerlik kazanm\u0131\u015f ve milli aidiyet veya ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k giderek artacak bi\u00e7imde biyolojik terimler, \u00f6rne\u011fin \u0131rk \u00fczerinden tan\u0131mlanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te y\u00fckselen sosyal Darwinizm, t\u00fcm uluslar\u0131n di\u011ferleriyle devaml\u0131 m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde oldu\u011funu ve m\u00fccadele sonunda \u2018en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u2019 olan\u0131n hayatta kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayar. Sosyal homojenlik ve \u2018\u0131rksal ar\u0131l\u0131k\u2019, bu m\u00fccadeleyi kazanman\u0131n \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rleri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Almanya ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu elitleri, kriz anlar\u0131nda, toplum ve devletin reforma ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funu en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fekilde hissettikleri anlarda, bu fikirleri kullan\u0131ma soktular.<\/p>\n

Bu tarz \u2018nihai \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler\u2019in neden kriz anlar\u0131nda uygulanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oluyor?<\/b><\/p>\n

Ekonomik veya siyasi kriz, tehlike duygusunu, yani sosyal Darwinizm m\u00fccadelesinde geride kalma hissini y\u00fckseltir. Siyasi ve ekonomik sistemi modernize etmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan bask\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir rakibin modeline g\u00f6re kendi toplumunu \u015fekillendirmek zorunlu bir hal al\u0131r. 19. ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, aralar\u0131nda Almanya ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\/T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bulundu\u011fu birka\u00e7 ulus, b\u00f6ylesi birbirini \u00f6rnek alarak modernle\u015fme y\u00f6ntemini denediler. Bu anlarda, d\u00f6nen \u2018oyunlar\u2019\u0131n arkas\u0131ndaki krizleri ve stratejileri a\u00e7\u0131klamak ve en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnen rakibi yakalamak i\u00e7in g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7ileri belirlenir. Bu g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7ilerine yap\u0131labilecekleri gizlemek i\u00e7in kriz anlar\u0131 \u00f6nemli f\u0131rsatlar da sunar. Bu anlarda, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun radikal \u00f6nlemlere kar\u015f\u0131 tolerans\u0131 y\u00fckselir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, sava\u015f da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u015fiddet eylemlerini gizlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir maske halini al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu mant\u0131k aktar\u0131labilir, devlet gelene\u011fi haline gelebilir bir \u015fey mi?<\/b><\/p>\n

Soyk\u0131r\u0131m stratejileri \u00f6\u011frenilebilir \u015feylerdir. Ki\u015fisel veya kurumsal haf\u0131za veya hoca-\u00f6\u011frenci ili\u015fkisi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla aktar\u0131labilirler. \u00d6zellikle de bu y\u00f6ndeki bilimsel fikirler, hocalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bir nesilden di\u011ferine kolayca ge\u00e7er. Kurumlar da \u00f6nlemler ve stratejiler geli\u015ftirirler ve bunlar\u0131n etkinli\u011fini tayin ederler. \u2018Do\u011fru pratik\u2019 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri bu eylemleri, her yeni nesil i\u00e7in \u00f6rnek olarak kullanarak yeniden in\u015fa ederler. Bu anlamda, soyk\u0131r\u0131m e\u011filimi, belirli toplumlara i\u00e7kin bir \u015fey olmasa da, nesilden nesle aktar\u0131labilen ve \u00f6\u011fretilebilen bir \u015feydir.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Almanya\u2019n\u0131n kolonyal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Nazilerin y\u00fckseli\u015fini etkiledi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebilir miyiz?<\/b><\/p>\n

I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan \u00f6nce Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Afrika politikas\u0131 ile II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda Avrupa\u2019daki politikas\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli benzerlikler ve farkl\u0131l\u0131klar var. En \u00f6nemli benzerlik, topraklar\u0131 i\u015fgal ederek, \u0131rk temelinde yeniden d\u00fczenleme giri\u015fimi. Almanya, G\u00fcneybat\u0131 Afrika\u2019da \u0131rksal bir devlet yaratmaya giri\u015fti\u011fi gibi, Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019da da bir Aryan kolonisi, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 bir h\u00e2kimiyet sistemi kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Fakat kolonyal d\u00f6nemdekinden farkl\u0131 olarak, Avrupa\u2019da \u015fiddet Almanlar\u0131 da hedef ald\u0131. Alman Yahudiler, i\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fman olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131 ve yok edildi. Bu noktada, anti-semitizm ve onun Almanya\u2019daki y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k gelene\u011fi de merkezi bir rol oynad\u0131. Yine de, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 planlar\u0131n\u0131n Yahudilerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmek \u00f6nemli. Sinti ve Romanlar ile \u00f6zellikle milyonlarca Slav da Almanlar\u0131n devasa yerle\u015fimci-kolonyal projesine alan a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in yok edildiler. Fakat elbette ki, Yahudilere uygulanan \u015fiddet, Slavlar da bu d\u00fczeyde tekrar etmedi.<\/p>\n

20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131ndaki soyk\u0131r\u0131mlara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda genellikle Almanya\u2019y\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Almanya, neden b\u00f6ylesi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fiddet eylemlerinin i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131yor?<\/b><\/p>\n

Bu, elbette ki Almanlara i\u00e7kin \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 gelenekten kaynaklanm\u0131yor. Bu durum, daha \u00e7ok, 1871\u2019de Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, devletin \u2018geri kalm\u0131\u015f\u2019 Alman toplumunu modernize etme ve d\u00fcnyada \u00f6nde gelen bir rol oynama arzusundan ileri geliyor. Hem Herero Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 hem de Holokost, anti-semitizm gibi di\u011fer etmenlerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, Fransa veya B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya gibi di\u011fer Avrupal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerle yar\u0131\u015fabilmek ad\u0131na d\u00fczenli ve etkin bir ekonomik sistem yaratma mant\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ileri gelir. I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndaki yenilginin ard\u0131ndan, bu arzu iyice yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131 ve bu arzunun tatmin olmamas\u0131n\u0131n su\u00e7u g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7ilerine at\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6zellikle Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 i\u015fgal ve fetih politikas\u0131, bu y\u00f6nde bir ama\u00e7la, b\u00f6lgeyi g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7ilerinden temizlemek ve \u0131rksal anlamda yeniden d\u00fczenlemek ad\u0131na at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlard\u0131. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda Almanya\u2019n\u0131n ne kadar aktif bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise halen tart\u0131\u015fma konusu. En az\u0131ndan, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Ermenilere y\u00f6nelen \u015fiddeti g\u00f6rmezden geldi\u011fi \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya bir m\u00fcttefik olarak ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, J\u00f6n T\u00fcrklerin toplumu homojenize ederek modernize etme giri\u015fimine sempatiyle bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Bahsetti\u011finiz yok etme mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 uyar\u0131nca, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019yla Holokost\u2019u kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00fcm soyk\u0131r\u0131m vakalar\u0131, ortak davran\u0131\u015flar ve \u00f6zellikler i\u00e7erir ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilirler, hatta kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131lar. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc tarihsel \u00f6rneklerinin benzerliklerini veya farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlayamay\u0131z. Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ve Holokost\u2019ta, Herero Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ve II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndaki Slavlar\u0131n durumundan farkl\u0131 olarak, \u015fiddet \u2018i\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u2019a y\u00f6nelir. Ayr\u0131ca Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ve Holokost\u2019ta, \u015fiddet, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sava\u015f\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131 ge\u00e7erliyken uygulan\u0131r. Bu da, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 d\u0131\u015fardaki d\u00fc\u015fmanla ittifak halindeki i\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fman olarak kodlayan ideolojik su\u00e7lamay\u0131 me\u015fru k\u0131lar. Fakat her iki vakada da, farkl\u0131 siyasi atmosfer ve ideolojik me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Merkezi politikan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, i\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fman olarak kodlama ve yok etme mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 sivillere ne kadar ihtiya\u00e7 duyar? <\/b><\/p>\n

Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ve Holokost gibi su\u00e7larda, kurbanlar, toplumun i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n yok edilmelerinden toplumun geriye kalan do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 olarak fayda sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in, geriye kalan sivil n\u00fcfus genelde giri\u015filen adaletsizli\u011fin fark\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u015eiddetin boyutunu ve bunun en radikal sonucu olan binlerce insan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin detaylar\u0131na tam olarak vak\u0131f olamayabilirler. Fakat yine de, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcm ilkelerine kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen bir su\u00e7un toplumun \u00f6nemli bir kesiminin, \u00f6zellikle de elitlerinin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 veya en az\u0131ndan kabullenmesi olmadan vuku bulmas\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sizce Almanya, kendi kanl\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fiyle y\u00fczle\u015fti mi?<\/b><\/p>\n

Almanya, Holokost\u2019taki tarihi su\u00e7unu ve sorumlulu\u011funu g\u00f6rece b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kabul etti. Hatta bundan dolay\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7evrelerce takdir edildi. Fakat mesele, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n kolonyal su\u00e7lar\u0131na geldi\u011finde, bunlar\u0131 kabul etmekte zorluklar ya\u015fan\u0131yor. 2004\u2019te d\u00f6nemin Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Bakan Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul\u2019un \u015fahs\u0131nda, 1904-1908 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki su\u00e7lar i\u00e7in Namibya\u2019dan resmi olarak \u00f6z\u00fcr diledi ve i\u015flenen su\u00e7un bug\u00fcn soyk\u0131r\u0131m olarak adland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti. Alman sivil toplumunun bir k\u0131sm\u0131, daha resmi bir kabul, \u00f6z\u00fcr ve Namibya\u2019daki kurbanlar\u0131n torunlar\u0131na tazminat \u00f6denmesi i\u00e7in bask\u0131 yapmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor, fakat bu daha ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f de\u011fil. Yine de, bu meselenin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir konu oldu\u011funu ve toplumun giderek say\u0131s\u0131 artan bir kesiminin ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki hatalarla y\u00fczle\u015fmek i\u00e7in bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleyebilirim.<\/p>\n

Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, Almanya s\u00fcregelen ink\u00e2ra kar\u015f\u0131 \u2018tarafs\u0131z\u2019 pozisyonunu s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, Almanya i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015fle y\u00fczle\u015fmenin neresinde?<\/b><\/p>\n

Herero Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda oldu\u011fu gibi, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda da Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Holokost\u2019tan \u00f6nceki herhangi bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 kabul etmek konusunda olduk\u00e7a isteksiz. Bu, bir yan\u0131yla, Holokost\u2019u g\u00f6recele\u015ftirme korkusundan, bir yan\u0131yla da Almanya\u2019da ya\u015fayan b\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmama iste\u011finden kaynaklan\u0131yor. Bana g\u00f6re, Almanya, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Alman ordusunun davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu almal\u0131. T\u0131pk\u0131 Herero Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019ndaki sorumlulu\u011fuyla y\u00fczle\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi\u2026<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/10721\/eger-almanya-yardim-etseydi-cok-sayida-ermeni-kurtulabilirdi<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Emre Can Da\u011fl\u0131o\u011flu Ge\u00e7en hafta, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n 100. y\u0131l\u0131na dair Almanya\u2019da s\u00fcren sessizli\u011fi bozan bir kitap yay\u0131mland\u0131. Taz gazetesi T\u00fcrkiye muhabiri J\u00fcrgen Gottschlich\u2019in Almanya ve T\u00fcrkiye ar\u015fiv belgeleriyle yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Beihilfe zum V\u00f6lkermord: Deutschlands Rolle bei der Vernichtung der Armenier\u2019 [Soyk\u0131r\u0131ma Yard\u0131m Etme: Ermenilerin Yok Edilmesinde Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Rol\u00fc] isimli kitap b\u00fcy\u00fck tart\u0131\u015fmaya sebep oldu. Gottschlich\u2019le, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131mdaki […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,54,71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar"],"yoast_head":"\n\u2018E\u011fer Almanya yard\u0131m etseydi, \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni kurtulabilirdi\u2019 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u2018E\u011fer Almanya yard\u0131m etseydi, \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni kurtulabilirdi\u2019 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Emre Can Da\u011fl\u0131o\u011flu Ge\u00e7en hafta, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n 100. y\u0131l\u0131na dair Almanya\u2019da s\u00fcren sessizli\u011fi bozan bir kitap yay\u0131mland\u0131. Taz gazetesi T\u00fcrkiye muhabiri J\u00fcrgen Gottschlich\u2019in Almanya ve T\u00fcrkiye ar\u015fiv belgeleriyle yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Beihilfe zum V\u00f6lkermord: Deutschlands Rolle bei der Vernichtung der Armenier\u2019 [Soyk\u0131r\u0131ma Yard\u0131m Etme: Ermenilerin Yok Edilmesinde Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Rol\u00fc] isimli kitap b\u00fcy\u00fck tart\u0131\u015fmaya sebep oldu. 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Taz gazetesi T\u00fcrkiye muhabiri J\u00fcrgen Gottschlich\u2019in Almanya ve T\u00fcrkiye ar\u015fiv belgeleriyle yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Beihilfe zum V\u00f6lkermord: Deutschlands Rolle bei der Vernichtung der Armenier\u2019 [Soyk\u0131r\u0131ma Yard\u0131m Etme: Ermenilerin Yok Edilmesinde Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Rol\u00fc] isimli kitap b\u00fcy\u00fck tart\u0131\u015fmaya sebep oldu. Gottschlich\u2019le, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131mdaki […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2015-03-02T07:06:19+00:00","article_modified_time":"2015-03-02T07:07:11+00:00","author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"21 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"headline":"\u2018E\u011fer Almanya yard\u0131m etseydi, \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni kurtulabilirdi\u2019","datePublished":"2015-03-02T07:06:19+00:00","dateModified":"2015-03-02T07:07:11+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777"},"wordCount":4111,"commentCount":0,"articleSection":["Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131","Haberler","Kitaplar-Ele\u015ftiriler","M\u00fclakatlar"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777","name":"\u2018E\u011fer Almanya yard\u0131m etseydi, \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni kurtulabilirdi\u2019 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2015-03-02T07:06:19+00:00","dateModified":"2015-03-02T07:07:11+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=33777#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u2018E\u011fer Almanya yard\u0131m etseydi, \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni kurtulabilirdi\u2019"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/","name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e","name":"admin","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?author=7"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33777","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=33777"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33777\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33781,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33777\/revisions\/33781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=33777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=33777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=33777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}