{"id":32186,"date":"2014-10-27T04:51:35","date_gmt":"2014-10-27T09:51:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32186"},"modified":"2014-10-27T04:51:35","modified_gmt":"2014-10-27T09:51:35","slug":"abdulhamit-kirimlarinin-canli-bir-ornegi-1895-arapgir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32186","title":{"rendered":"Abd\u00fclhamit K\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n Canl\u0131 Bir \u00d6rne\u011fi: 1895 ARAPG\u0130R"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u0551\u0565\u0572\u0561\u057d\u057a\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576<\/a>Hovsep Hayreni<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 118 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, 1895\u2019in son \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k kesitinde Sultan Hamid Ermeni halk\u0131na \u00e7ok yo\u011fun bir kan banyosu yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O y\u0131l kabul etmek zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ermeni reformlar\u0131n\u0131 sabote etmenin yolu olarak k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ahaliyi, devlet g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerini ve Hamidiye alaylar\u0131n\u0131 her tarafta Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine salm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1894\u2019te bu olaylar\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olan Sasun katliam\u0131 ve 1896\u2019da art\u00e7\u0131 olarak devam eden Van, \u0130stanbul, Egin katliamlar\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131. Ama d\u00f6nemin en b\u00fcy\u00fck felaketi 1895 sonlar\u0131nda toplam 10 vilayetin \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u015fehir, kasaba ve k\u00f6ylerini bir t\u00fcr Cihad \u015feklinde saran zincirleme pogrom ve katliamlard\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bir \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak, 1895 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda Ermeni yo\u011fun n\u00fcfuslu Arapgir \u015fehrinde ya\u015fananlar\u0131, y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcne denk d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00fcnlerde vermek istiyorum. \u015eehrin bir bir b\u00fct\u00fcn mahallelerindeki geli\u015fmeleri inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde resmeden Minas Bebiryan\u2019\u0131n tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zellikle de\u011ferlidir. Bunu \u00f6ncelikle Bebiryan\u2019lar\u0131n neslinden oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm Arapgirli a\u011fabeyimiz Murat Bebiro\u011flu\u2019nun y\u00f6netti\u011fi Hyetert\u2019e sunuyorum.<\/p>\n

A. L. Polatyan\u2019\u0131n Arapgir Ermenileri Tarihi ile S. Paxdikyan\u2019\u0131n Vosgekedag isimli eserlerinde d\u00f6nemi ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin yerinden tan\u0131kl\u0131k ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 anlat\u0131mlar\u0131, ayr\u0131ca gazete ar\u015fivlerinden bilgiler ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak verilmi\u015ftir. Burada hepsinden yararlanarak geli\u015fmeleri ana hatlar\u0131 ile \u00f6zetleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

1890\u2019dan itibaren Bat\u0131 Ermenistan k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye giri\u015fen Ermeni partilerinden Sosyal-Demokrat H\u0131n\u00e7akyan\u2019lar\u0131n \u00f6ncelikli g\u00fc\u00e7 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yerdir Arapgir. Bunda d\u00f6nemin yerel ruhani lideri Yeznik Abahuni Yebisgobos\u2019un [1] ulusal uyan\u0131\u015f ve devrimci \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye destek olan cesur tutumu \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Arapgir\u2019in \u00e7ok erken b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlere gurbet\u00e7i g\u00f6nderen ve de\u011fi\u015fik merkezlerle s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkileri olan Ermeni yo\u011fun n\u00fcfuslu bir k\u0131rsal merkez olmas\u0131 da bu geli\u015fmeyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u0131n\u00e7akyan\u2019\u0131n kurucu kadrolar\u0131ndan Kafkas Ermenisi \u015e\u0131mavon [2] buraya gelince parti h\u0131zla k\u00f6k salmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

1890-95 ARASI DEVR\u0130MC\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/b><\/p>\n

\u015e\u0131mavon Arapgir\u2019de Yeznig Yebisgobos taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok s\u0131cak kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. \u015eehrin merkezi Ermeni ortaokuluna m\u00fcd\u00fcr ve genel e\u011fitim m\u00fcfetti\u015fi tayin edilir. O bir yandan sorumlulu\u011funu y\u00fcklendi\u011fi okullar\u0131n ihyas\u0131 ve daha iyi e\u011fitim vermesi i\u00e7in yenilikler yaparken, halk\u0131n ileri unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ve gen\u00e7li\u011fi devrimci fikirleriyle yo\u011fun \u015fekilde etkiler. Duyulan b\u00fcy\u00fck sempati onun kilise ayinleri sonunda k\u00fcrs\u00fcye davet edilip politik nutuklar \u00e7ekmesine bile imkan verir. B\u00f6ylece \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye ba\u015flayan parti ciddi taban tutturur. Arapgir\u2019den \u201cikinci Zeytun\u201d diye s\u00f6zedilir. \u015e\u0131mavon\u2019un \u00fcn\u00fc Arapgir s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015far. Kom\u015fu illerden onu g\u00f6rmeye, fikir dan\u0131\u015fmaya gelenler eksik de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar h\u00fck\u00fcmetin dikkatini celbeder. Polis komiseri Yusuf \u015fehirde ve k\u00f6ylerinde Ermeni muhbirler bularak ili\u015fkileri s\u0131k\u0131 takibe al\u0131r. Parti de onu kendi hedefine koyar ve 1891 \u015eubat\u0131nda ya\u011fmurlu bir gece metresinin evi yak\u0131n\u0131nda suikaste u\u011frat\u0131r. Ertesi g\u00fcn aramalar yap\u0131l\u0131p bir\u00e7ok Ermeni ve T\u00fcrk tutuklan\u0131r. Fakat cinayetin s\u0131rr\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemez ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet onu daha \u00e7ok komiserin hasm\u0131 olan telgraf m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u015eakir Bey\u2019in i\u015fi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Ne var ki \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden bat\u0131da yay\u0131nlanan ve Arapgir\u2019e de gelen H\u0131n\u00e7ak gazetesinde \u015fu haber okunacakt\u0131r: \u201cErmeni halk\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na bela kesilen Arapgir polis \u015fefi Yusuf Efendi devrimci mahkeme karar\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00fcme mahkum edildi. Zalim komiser bir gece aleminden d\u00f6nerken ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n

Hen\u00fcz bu durum if\u015fa olmadan \u00f6nce, Arapgir ve \u00e7evre k\u00f6ylerden gelen 112 delegeyle \u015e\u0131mavon \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki H\u0131n\u00e7akyanlar belli taleplerle ayaklanma karar\u0131 da al\u0131r, fakat bunun bildirildi\u011fi Merzifon\u2019dan itidalli davranma uyar\u0131s\u0131 gelince ikinci toplant\u0131da riskleri dikkate alan \u00e7o\u011funluk fikrini de\u011fi\u015ftirir, b\u00f6ylece daha sessiz ve uzun erimli politik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc benimsenir. Ancak gazetenin kendi kendini ele veren if\u015fas\u0131 \u00fczerine bir sabah bask\u0131n verilen evlerde g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan gen\u00e7ler tutuklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u0131rada \u015e\u0131mavon ve baz\u0131 arkada\u015flar\u0131, hem bir s\u00fcre g\u00f6zden kaybolmak, hem de Dersim\u2019le i\u015fbirli\u011fi geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kom\u015fu \u00c7emi\u015fgezek\u2019e y\u00f6nelmi\u015ftir. Orada Diab A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131na gider ve ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta iyi kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Fakat Diab A\u011fa onlar\u0131 oyuna getirip h\u00fck\u00fcmeti haberdar eder. Gece uykudayken kald\u0131klar\u0131 eve bask\u0131n yapan h\u00fck\u00fcmet askerleri Ermeni devrimcilerini zincirleyip Harput\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u015e\u0131mavon\u2019la birlikte Taniel Ekmek\u00e7iyan, M\u0131g\u0131rdi\u00e7 X\u0131zarc\u0131yan, Gagik Deveciyan ve Mardiros Terziyan vard\u0131r. [3]<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrece tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden Suren Surenyan ekliyor ki, \u015e\u0131mavon ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n tutuklanmas\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra Yeznik Yebisgobos \u0130stanbul\u2019a s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ba\u015fka \u00f6nde gelen ruhani ve ulusal liderler de Sivas\u2019a s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilir. 50 ki\u015fi ise \u00e7e\u015fitli su\u00e7 isnatlar\u0131yla Harput hapishanesine g\u00f6nderilir. B\u00f6ylece Arapgir\u2019in devrimcilerden temizlendi\u011fi san\u0131l\u0131rken h\u00fck\u00fcmete \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Siraganyan\u2019\u0131n iki katl\u0131 evi bombayla tahrip edilir. Bu vesileyle bir tutuklama dalgas\u0131 daha yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ki, bu defa h\u00fck\u00fcmet kona\u011f\u0131nda yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar ve ard\u0131ndan bunun benzeri Harput\u2019ta ya\u015fan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Komiser Yusuf\u2019un \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden 1895 Arapgir k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na kadar d\u00f6rt y\u0131ldan uzun bir s\u00fcre Arapgir Ermenileri karga\u015fa i\u00e7indedir. Kanunsuz tutuklama, dizginsiz zul\u00fcm ve keyfi yarg\u0131lamalar eksik olmaz. Halk \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Ermeni Patrikhanesi\u2019ne \u015fikayet mektuplar\u0131 g\u00f6nderir, bunlardan birinde \u015f\u00f6yle denmi\u015ftir: \u201cYa bir yolu bulunup kanunsuz uygulamalar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fc al\u0131ns\u0131n, yada bir yer g\u00f6sterilsin ki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fehir oraya g\u00f6\u00e7elim.\u201d<\/p>\n

Arapgir\u2019de 1895\u2019e b\u00f6yle bir gerilim atmosferi i\u00e7inde gelinmi\u015ftir. H\u00fck\u00fcmetin g\u00f6z\u00fcnde buras\u0131 bir Zeytun, Sasun gibi isyan oda\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in k\u00f6kl\u00fc \u00e7areler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 1895\u2019te Ermeni halk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik yayg\u0131n pogromlar tezg\u00e2hlan\u0131rken Arapgir gibi zaten di\u015f bilenen bir yerin en \u015fiddetli imha sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na hedef olmamas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Giri\u015filen eylemler \u201cf\u0131rsat budur\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla adeta \u015fehri havaya u\u00e7urma ve b\u00fct\u00fcn Ermenilere mezar etme hiddetini ku\u015fanarak gelir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k direni\u015f de olur. Fakat \u00f6nc\u00fclerden \u00e7o\u011fu tutuklanm\u0131\u015f ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Arapgir\u2019in \u015fan\u0131na yara\u015f\u0131r bir d\u00fczeyde olamaz.<\/p>\n

\u015eEH\u0130RDE TALAN, KUNDAKLAMA VE KATL\u0130AM<\/b><\/p>\n

1895 Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda ilk felaket belirtileri kendini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flar. \u015eehir \u00e7evresi yollarda tek tek sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frayanlar olur. \u015eehirde T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusa Martin t\u00fcfekler da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylentileri dola\u015f\u0131r. Bir mahalleden \u00f6tekine ge\u00e7mek Ermeniler i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015fmeye ba\u015flar. Ruhani \u00f6nc\u00fcler Harput valili\u011fine koruyucu \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmas\u0131 ricas\u0131yla temsilci g\u00f6nderir. Fakat vali s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen olaylar\u0131n \u201cm\u00fcnferit ve ehemmiyetsiz \u015feyler\u201d oldu\u011funu belirterek kayg\u0131ya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mesaj\u0131n\u0131 verir. Oysa h\u00fck\u00fcmet kona\u011f\u0131ndan k\u0131\u015flaya ve polis merkezine kadar g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir hareketlilik vard\u0131r. Halk\u0131n koruma bekledi\u011fi g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri tam tersine birazdan ba\u015flat\u0131lacak toplu k\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n organizasyonuyla me\u015fguld\u00fcr. Arapgir\u2019deki askeri birliklerin ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan ve Ermenilerle ili\u015fkileri iyi olan binba\u015f\u0131 tam o s\u0131rada Harput\u2019a \u00e7ekilir, yerine merhametsiz biri atan\u0131r. \u00c7ok say\u0131da T\u00fcrk erkekleri redif ilan\u0131yla silah alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. Salt Ermeni n\u00fcfuslu Derbeder ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Ermeni yo\u011fun bir \u00e7ok mahallede karakol kurulur, ak\u015fam hava karard\u0131ktan sonra gezme yasa\u011f\u0131 ilan edilir, ki T\u00fcrk mahalleleri ve n\u00fcfusu i\u00e7in bunlar ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra ku\u015fat\u0131lan \u015fehirde Ermenilere silahlar\u0131n\u0131 teslim etmeleri \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00fckkanlar kapanm\u0131\u015f, sokaklar bo\u015falm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halk evlerinde tedirgin bir bekleyi\u015fe girer. Sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00e7ok \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya ve kilise-okul gibi kurumlara y\u00f6nelik olaca\u011f\u0131 san\u0131l\u0131r. Fazlas\u0131 tasavvur edilmez. Bu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc yetersizli\u011fi de \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc direni\u015f konusunda gev\u015fekli\u011fe neden olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Nihayet 5 Kas\u0131m (eski takvimle 25 Ekim) sabah\u0131 Amb\u0131rga ve \u015eahroz\u2019dan sald\u0131r\u0131 haberleri gelir. Ak\u015fam ise s\u0131ra \u015fehre gelmi\u015ftir. Bir ka\u00e7 yerden \u00f6tt\u00fcr\u00fclen boru ile genel sald\u0131r\u0131 sinyali verilmi\u015f olur. \u201cKutsal cihad\u201d ate\u015fi ve ya\u011fma-talan i\u015ftah\u0131yla dolu kalabal\u0131klar her taraftan ate\u015f a\u00e7arak h\u00fccuma ge\u00e7er. K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u015fehrin u\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri cehenneme \u00e7evrilir. Sald\u0131rganlar gazya\u011f\u0131 p\u00fcsk\u00fcrterek evleri boydan boya ate\u015fe verirler. Surp Lusavori\u00e7, Derbeder, Surp Hagop ve Surp Kevork mahalleleri alevler i\u00e7indedir. Halk evleri b\u0131rak\u0131p bah\u00e7elere ve da\u011flara ka\u00e7ar. Yer yer silahla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k veren gen\u00e7ler etkisiz kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yerel askeri birlikler ve \u015fehrin T\u00fcrkleri yan\u0131nda, Arapgir ve \u00e7evre kazalar\u0131n T\u00fcrk ve K\u00fcrt k\u00f6ylerinden gelen ba\u015f\u0131bozuk \u00e7eteler vard\u0131r, ki toplam\u0131 10 binden fazla tahmin ediliyor. K\u00fcrtler h\u00fck\u00fcmetin k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtma ve davetiyle \u00f6zellikle talan i\u00e7in gelmi\u015flerdir. Katliamlar daha \u00e7ok T\u00fcrk asker ve milisleri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131r. Onlar Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n erkek n\u00fcfusunu azami \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yok etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Din adamlar\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere \u00e7oklar\u0131n\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011fa zorlay\u0131p direnenleri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n

On g\u00fcn s\u00fcren sald\u0131r\u0131larda \u00f6len Ermenilerin say\u0131s\u0131 2800 civar\u0131nda tespit edilir. Kundaklamalar sonucu \u015fehirdeki 3000 Ermeni evinden b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc tahrip olmu\u015f, 325 d\u00fckkan da yanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

SALDIRIYA U\u011eRAYAN MAHALLELER<\/b><\/p>\n

Uzun bir yaz\u0131l\u0131 tan\u0131kl\u0131k yapan Minas Bebiryan\u2019\u0131n 1895\u2019te sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011fram\u0131\u015f Arapgir mahalleleri hakk\u0131nda verdi\u011fi bilgiler \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrk, K\u00fcrt \u00e7eteler ve asker b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7lerini Derbeder\u2019e d\u00f6km\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Birle\u015fik kuvvetlerle ve her\u015fey pahas\u0131na buray\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek istiyordu. Burada say\u0131lar\u0131 az da olsa \u00e7etin direni\u015f g\u00f6steren gen\u00e7ler vard\u0131. Kendi g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle sald\u0131r\u0131ya kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan a\u015firet reisi Battal, bir bir adamlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnce binba\u015f\u0131ya diklenir; ya kendi bildi\u011fi gibi davranmay\u0131 yada adamlar\u0131yla \u00e7ekip gitmeyi dayat\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece insiyatifi ele ald\u0131ktan sonra Ermenilere \u015feref s\u00f6z\u00fc verir ve e\u011fer \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya son verirlerse mahallenin zarar g\u00f6rmeyece\u011fini s\u00f6yler. Ermeniler bunu kabul eder. Fakat Battal bir evde misafirken sokaklarda n\u00f6betle g\u00f6revlendirdi\u011fi adamlar\u0131 evlere ate\u015f vermeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gelen \u015fikayet \u00fczerine Battal denetlemeye gider ve Ermenilerin elinden yakas\u0131n\u0131 kurtar\u0131r. Sald\u0131rganlar mahalleye h\u00fckmetmeye ba\u015flar, b\u00fct\u00fcn Derbeder k\u00fcle d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ke\u015fi\u015fler mahallesinin k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 daha deh\u015fetli oldu. Burada bulduklar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn erkekleri toplay\u0131p mahallenin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131s\u0131ndaki dereye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr ve kur\u015funa dizerler. Mahallenin papaz\u0131n\u0131 da eziyet ederek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Birka\u00e7 ki\u015fi T\u00fcrkle\u015ferek kurtulur. Ezo ve \u00c7aput Melhem denilen caniler k\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131yla \u00fcnlenir. Ke\u015fi\u015fler katliam\u0131na Bostancu\u011f ve Saracu\u011flular i\u015ftirak etmi\u015ftir. Ortal\u0131k durulduktan sonra yaln\u0131z birka\u00e7 ev yeniden yap\u0131l\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hayatta kalan erkekler \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. Oysa \u00f6nceden mahallenin Surp Hagop ad\u0131nda kendine mahsus kilisesi ve okulu bile vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u011eazanciler mahallesinden yukar\u0131 \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya kadar T\u00fcrk ve K\u00fcrt sald\u0131rganlar ta\u015f \u00fcst\u00fcnde ta\u015f b\u0131rakmaz. Bu mahallenin ba\u015fl\u0131ca k\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u011easo nam\u0131nda biri ve Haci Aslan\u2019\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131d\u0131r. Mahallenin T\u00fcrkleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca \u00e7ok ev yakmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ki bir daha Ermeniler ikamet etmesin. Ben kendi kulaklar\u0131mla duymu\u015fum \u2018Mala bakma, cana bak!\u2019 nidalar\u0131n\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmet tenekelerle gazya\u011f\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Evleri soyduktan sonra gazya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcyor, bir silah bo\u015falt\u0131p uzakla\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u015eahroz (S\u0131ra G\u00e2vur) mahallesi de b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc. Kendi kilisesi ve okulu vard\u0131. Buran\u0131n gen\u00e7leri daha cesurdu. \u00c7ar\u015famba ak\u015fam\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131m ba\u015flarken ilk elden \u015eahroz\u2019un Der Husig Ka\u00e7uni isimli papaz\u0131n\u0131n evini ate\u015fe verdiler. Mahallenin yukar\u0131s\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek da\u011flardan T\u00fcrkler ta\u015f yuvarlayarak evleri damlar\u0131 tahrip ederken kar\u015f\u0131 taraftan da \u011eulu Beg denilen canilerin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ate\u015fle mahalle k\u0131skaca al\u0131nd\u0131. Yeram Bala B\u0131loyyan \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan direni\u015f\u00e7iydi. Burada da erkeklerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu katledildi. Mahalle yukardan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 harabeye \u00e7evrildi.<\/p>\n

Katliama u\u011frat\u0131lan bu mahallelerden ka\u00e7anlar serbest kalan mahallelere s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131yordu. Basmaciler bunlardan biriydi. Silahl\u0131 ve silahs\u0131z gen\u00e7ler buraya dolmu\u015ftu. Burada h\u00fckm\u00fc ge\u00e7en Fad\u0131llu\u2019lar\u0131n M\u0131sdo\u2019ya adam g\u00f6nderilip korunma talep edildi. O silahlar\u0131n toplan\u0131p getirilmesi \u015fart\u0131yla kabul eder g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc. Silahlar verilmesine ra\u011fmen, Fad\u0131llu\u2019nun evinden \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7eteler \u2018\u0130slam evi mi, g\u00e2vur evi mi?\u2019 diye kap\u0131lar\u0131 vurmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Biz orada Amanat\u2019lar\u0131n evindeydik. \u00dc\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki karde\u015fimi s\u0131rtlay\u0131p a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kap\u0131dan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131m, ba\u015fkalar\u0131 da beni izledi\u2026 S\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dere barut ve duman kokusuna bo\u011fulmu\u015ftu\u2026 \u00c7eteler dereyi ge\u00e7ip \u00fcst\u00fcm\u00fcze geldi. \u2018Selavat getirin\u2019 diye ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131. Kurtulmak i\u00e7in nakarat halinde \u2018La ilahe illalla\u2019 tekrarl\u0131yorduk\u2026 (Nice dolanmadan sonra) Galug\u2019a yeti\u015ftik. Orada binlerce ki\u015fi vard\u0131. Battal kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7etelere kar\u015f\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in n\u00f6bet\u00e7iler koymu\u015ftu. Annemi, karde\u015flerimi ve nihayet babam\u0131 da buldum o kalabal\u0131k i\u00e7inde\u2026<\/p>\n

Murdiglerin bah\u00e7esine ge\u00e7tik. Manzara y\u00fcrek paralay\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131. Onlarca ceset ve bir\u00e7ok yaral\u0131 yatan tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u2026 Geceyi \u015eabolar\u0131n bah\u00e7esinde ge\u00e7iriyorduk, Tansux\u2019un tepesinden ate\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131lar, bir duvar dibine siperlendik, bir saat kur\u015fun ya\u011fmuru alt\u0131nda kald\u0131k. Sabah duyduk ki \u00c7elik\u2019lerin Bekir bizim mahallenin yaral\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131rayla han\u00e7erleyip \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f\u2026 Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn bizi Paxdigents (Paxdik\u2019lerin) mahallesine g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Oras\u0131 hen\u00fcz yak\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Her bir odaya birden fazla aile t\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn orda kald\u0131k. Bu defa da T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme meselesi \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131lar. Ona s\u0131ra gelmeden hepimizi d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p bu mahalleyi de ate\u015fe verdiler. Tekrar k\u0131r\u0131m korkusu sarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 milleti. Ama bizi k\u0131rmak yerine s\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar\u2026<\/p>\n

Yolumuzun \u00fczerinde kur\u015funlanm\u0131\u015f, yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, koku\u015fan pek\u00e7ok cesetler g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Ana kiliseye kadar neredeyse hep cesetler aras\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fck. Ba\u015fka mahallelerden de hayatta kalan Ermenileri toplay\u0131p getirmi\u015flerdi kiliseye. K\u0131zlar\u0131n okulunu ise k\u0131\u015flaya \u00e7evirmi\u015flerdi. \u015eahroz mahallesi papaz\u0131 Der Husig Ka\u00e7uni\u2019yi oraya g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, sakallar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekip tokatlayarak silah istiyorlard\u0131. \u2018Bu k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n sebebinin Ermeniler oldu\u011fu\u2019na dair ifade imazalatmaya zorluyorlard\u0131. Kilisede sakl\u0131 silahlar oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131yla gelip arama yapt\u0131lar. Fakat bulamad\u0131lar. Bir asker b\u00fcy\u00fck horan\u0131n arkas\u0131nda bir sand\u0131\u011fa cebinden mermiler bo\u015faltt\u0131. Onlar\u0131 bulunmu\u015f gibi kayda ge\u00e7tiler. Orada bulunan erkeklerden P\u00fcsk\u00fcll\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn Beos\u2019u, Der Mikayel\u2019in Garabed\u2019i, Sultan\u2019lar\u0131n M\u0131g\u0131rdi\u00e7\u2019i ve birka\u00e7 ba\u015fka ki\u015fiyi g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp Nigol\u2019lar\u0131n dam\u0131nda kur\u015funa dizdiler.<\/p>\n

Sekiz g\u00fcn kald\u0131k kilisede. Hayli s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ve a\u00e7l\u0131k \u00e7ektik. Sonra yukar\u0131 \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 mahallesine ge\u00e7ecektik. Herkes nesi varsa, yaral\u0131, hasta, d\u00f6\u015fek, s\u0131rtlay\u0131p asker denetiminde yola koyulduk. Mire\u015fents (Mire\u015f\u2019lerin) mahallesinden ge\u00e7erken oray\u0131 nispeten iyi durumda g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Erkeklerin \u00e7o\u011fu yine \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, fakat evler yak\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Zira burada oturan ve Mire\u015f\u2019lerden Krikor\u2019un k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 alan Depo Memuru onun hat\u0131r\u0131na mahalleyi korumu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Devam edip \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya yeti\u015ftik. B\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fckkanlar ate\u015fe verilmi\u015f, bu arada T\u00fcrklerin cami ve medresesini de alevler yutmu\u015ftu. Bizi bu harabelerin i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7irip h\u00fck\u00fcmet kona\u011f\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcne getirdiler. Oraya dolu\u015fmu\u015f kindar bir kalabal\u0131k bizi izlerken askerler etraf\u0131m\u0131zda koruma zinciri olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan 400-500 ki\u015fiyi se\u00e7ip hapsettiler. Zay\u0131f kad\u0131nlar\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetin yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki bo\u015f evlere doldurdular. H\u00fck\u00fcmet kendini temize \u00e7\u0131kartmak i\u00e7in o evleri saklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n

K\u00f6seyents (K\u00f6selerin) mahallesinde k\u0131r\u0131m ba\u015flamadan Cin Gazar\u2019lar\u0131n Yakub, Zayrmar, Ye\u011fiya ve ba\u015fka gen\u00e7ler mevzi tutmu\u015f ve sald\u0131ran g\u00fcruhla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar. Sald\u0131rganlar ancak askerin yard\u0131ma gelmesiyle \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011flar. Halka eziyet ve evleri tar\u00fcmar ederler\u2026<\/p>\n

Buradan \u00f6nce Surp Kevork mahallesi de \u00c7obano\u011flu \u00e7etesi taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131l\u0131r. Kad\u0131n \u00e7ocuk ay\u0131rt edilmeden katliam yap\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn mahalle alevler i\u00e7indedir. Bunu g\u00f6ren Ye\u011fiya Apkaryan mevzisinden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p Surp Kevorklular\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131na ko\u015far. Daha \u00c7obano\u011flu\u2019nun tarlas\u0131na inmeden K\u00fcrtler taraf\u0131ndan silahs\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. O s\u0131rada etkili bir K\u00fcrt olay \u00fczerine yeti\u015fir ve \u2018yi\u011fitler ya\u015famal\u0131\u2019 diyerek onu \u00f6l\u00fcmden kurtar\u0131r. Surp Kevork mahallesi yerle bir edilir. Ziyaret yeri olan eski manast\u0131r\u0131, Surp N\u0131\u015fan kilisesi, okulu k\u00fcle \u00e7evrilir. Eskiden beri Ermeni d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fc \u00c7obano\u011flu b\u00fct\u00fcn mahalleyi i\u015fgal eder ve hatta Surp Kevork ziyaretinin yerine kendi ikametini kondurur.<\/p>\n

Po\u015fatar mahallesi k\u0131\u015flaya yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kundaklanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ger\u00e7i talan ve k\u0131r\u0131mdan bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde nasibini alm\u0131\u015f; Nalbant \u011eazarlar\u0131n d\u00f6rt karde\u015fi, Sarayan Bedros, Hunik\u2019lerin Krikor ve ba\u015fka g\u00f6ze d\u00fc\u015fen ki\u015filer \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Buran\u0131n nispeten g\u00fcvenli olmas\u0131 ba\u015fka mahallelerden gen\u00e7lerin gelip s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131nca, h\u00fck\u00fcmet bunlar\u0131 takip ederek \u00e7oklar\u0131n\u0131 yakalad\u0131 ve g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp kur\u015funa dizdiler. Bunlardan biri Basmaciler mahallesindeki evinde \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn boyunca sald\u0131rganlara silahl\u0131 mukavemet g\u00f6sterdikten sonra Po\u015fatar\u2019a s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan Barsumyan Sarkis\u2019ti, ki \u011eanara Tepe\u2019de i\u015fkenceyle \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmet binas\u0131nda, mahkemede ve s\u00fcvarihane i\u00e7inde hapis tutulanlar\u0131n durumu \u00e7ekilmezdi. Onlar 500\u2019den fazla mevcutlar\u0131yla dar yap\u0131lar i\u00e7inde, g\u00fcnlerce a\u00e7-susuz ayak\u00fcst\u00fc kal\u0131yor, h\u00fck\u00fcmet cesetleri g\u00f6md\u00fcrme bahanesiyle g\u00fcnde birka\u00e7 d\u00fczine d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor ve sonra kur\u015funa diziyordu.<\/p>\n

\u0130pekconts (\u0130pekcilerin) mahallesi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir savunma g\u00f6sterir. Efsane direni\u015f\u00e7i X\u0131zarc\u0131yan Setrak\u2019\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bunda belirleyici olmu\u015ftur. Setraklar\u0131n evi etraf\u0131nda \u015fiddetli \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fan\u0131r. Cepheden etkili olamayan sald\u0131rganlar arkadan dolanarak evi kundaklamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. K\u00fcrtlerin evden ka\u00e7an kad\u0131nlara ate\u015f etmedikleri durumda Setrak da kad\u0131n \u00e7ar\u015faf\u0131na b\u00fcr\u00fcnerek ku\u015fatmadan s\u0131yr\u0131lmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131r\u2026<\/p>\n

Berenge mahallesinde Ermeniler etkili T\u00fcrk \u015fahsiyetlerle yanyana ya\u015famalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen onlar\u0131n koruyucu hi\u00e7bir m\u00fcdahalesi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in buradaki katliam da deh\u015fetli olmu\u015ftur. Sadece birka\u00e7 ev esirgenmi\u015f, \u00f6tekiler -Protestan kilisesi ve okulu dahil olmak \u00fczere- k\u00fcle d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Mahallenin gen\u00e7lerinden 60-70 ki\u015fi \u015eexin Ard\u0131 (\u015eeyh Tarlas\u0131) denilen yerde katledilmi\u015ftir. Katiller aras\u0131nda Haci Nazik isimli d\u00f6nme de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Biz Yegavents (Yegavlar\u0131n) mahallesinde Te\u011finents Artin A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n evine yerle\u015fmi\u015ftik. Babam hapsedilmi\u015fti. Onlar\u0131n yiyece\u011fi yoktu. Karde\u015fimle y\u0131k\u0131k bir zahire d\u00fckkan\u0131 bulup bu\u011fday topluyorduk ki, ihtiyar bir T\u00fcrk \u2018yeniden k\u0131r\u0131m olacak, ka\u00e7\u0131n burdan\u2019 diye uyard\u0131. Gittik ki b\u00fcy\u00fckler damlara \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, h\u00fck\u00fcmet binas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde toplanan beyaz sar\u0131kl\u0131 kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 izliyor. Onlar h\u00fck\u00fcmetten hapisteki Ermenileri istemekteler, hepsini katletmek i\u00e7in\u2026 Derken g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc \u00c7oband\u00fcz\u00fc taraf\u0131na \u00e7evirdik ki, tozu dumana katarak atl\u0131lar geliyor. Bunlar Arapgir h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin \u2018Ermeniler teslim olmuyor\u2019 diye yard\u0131m talebi \u00fczerine Erzincan\u2019dan g\u00f6nderilen askeri birliklerdir. Gelenler fakat, \u015fehirdeki vaziyeti g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, kana doymam\u0131\u015f g\u00fcruhun i\u00e7ine girip dip\u00e7ikle onlar\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu sayede tutuklular ve hayatta kalan yak\u0131nlar\u0131 ikinci bir k\u0131r\u0131mdan g\u00fc\u00e7 bela kurtulmu\u015ftur\u2026<\/p>\n

Vel\u00e2kin ard\u0131ndan hastal\u0131k ve d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn getirdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00fcmler oldu. Her\u015fey harab edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in ikamet, i\u015f ve ge\u00e7im s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc. Yaral\u0131lar i\u00e7in derman ve g\u0131da yoktu. Yedi\u011fimiz yan\u0131k bu\u011fday, so\u011fan ve ottu. Neyse ki d\u0131\u015fardan misyonerler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yard\u0131m \u00e7ok gecikmedi. Onlar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 parayla yava\u015f yava\u015f yeni evler yap\u0131lmaya ve koyduklar\u0131 sermayeyle manusa i\u015fi geli\u015ftirilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Ticaret tekrar Ermenilerin eline ge\u00e7ti. K\u0131r\u0131m s\u0131ras\u0131nda Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u011fma ederek zenginle\u015fen ve manusa i\u015fine de giri\u015fen T\u00fcrkler vard\u0131. Ama onlar ba\u015faramad\u0131lar, o kadar kazan\u00e7l\u0131 bir i\u015f tekrar Ermenilere kald\u0131. Ganimetle semirmi\u015f T\u00fcrkler \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden tekrar Ermenilere muhta\u00e7 olacakt\u0131.\u201d [4]<\/p>\n

ARAPG\u0130R VE A\u011eIN K\u00d6YLER\u0130NDEK\u0130 DURUM<\/b><\/p>\n

Arapgir\u2019e \u00e7ok yak\u0131n, \u015fehrin bir saat kuzey-do\u011fusunda \u015eepik, yar\u0131m saat g\u00fcney-do\u011fusunda Ambarga Ermeni k\u00f6yleri vard\u0131r. Daha do\u011fuda F\u0131rat nehrine dayanan A\u011f\u0131n nahiyesi ve 12 k\u00f6ylerinde Ermeniler ya\u015far. A\u011f\u0131n ve k\u00f6yleri idari olarak o d\u00f6nem Egin kazas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olsa da, as\u0131l yak\u0131n olduklar\u0131 \u015fehir ve Ermeni cemaat ili\u015fkisinde ba\u011fl\u0131 bulunduklar\u0131 ruhani merkez Arapgir\u2019dir. 1895 talan ve k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131nda bu k\u00f6yler de yo\u011fun kay\u0131plar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u015eepik k\u00f6y\u00fc daha Arapgir\u2019de k\u0131r\u0131m ba\u015flamadan Battal A\u011fa y\u00f6netiminde K\u00fcrt ve T\u00fcrk \u00e7eteleri taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00f6y\u00fcn gen\u00e7leri bir s\u00fcre direni\u015f g\u00f6sterir, fakat g\u00fc\u00e7 yetiremeyip teslim olurlar. Ele ge\u00e7irilen erkekler \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. T\u00fcm\u00fcyle Ermeni n\u00fcfuslu 80 hanelik k\u00f6y boydan boya talana ve ate\u015fe verilir. Yang\u0131ndan etkilenmeyen yaln\u0131zca 18 ev kal\u0131r. Halk \u00fcmitsiz dere kenar\u0131 bah\u00e7e ve ba\u011flara ka\u00e7ar. Yerleri tespit edilip kur\u015fun ya\u011fmuruna tutulurlar. Ka\u00e7abilen ma\u011faralara s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131r. Can kayb\u0131 200\u2019e yak\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ambarga k\u00f6y\u00fcndeki 60 ev de b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle k\u00fcle \u00e7evrilir. 75 ki\u015fi katledilir, yol a\u00e7\u0131lan ba\u015fka \u00f6l\u00fcmlerle can kayb\u0131 170 civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok kad\u0131n, gelin ve k\u0131z tecav\u00fcze maruz kal\u0131r, intihara s\u00fcr\u00fcklenir. Arapgir\u2019e yak\u0131n bu iki k\u00f6yde zorla din de\u011fi\u015ftirme olay\u0131na rastlanmaz, ba\u015fka akla gelen ne varsa eksik de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

A\u011f\u0131n nahiyesi i\u00e7inde barbarl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla me\u015fhur Pul isimli T\u00fcrk k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fc d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f sakinleri, Emin Efendi, \u0130brahim \u00c7avu\u015f ve \u00d6mer Efendi \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde silahl\u0131 olarak A\u011f\u0131n\u2019a gelirler. Burada Saracu\u011flu Haci Mehemmed isimli kani\u00e7ici nahiye m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc, Mar\u00fcrgeli \u0130smayil ve Abd\u00fclrahman\u2019\u0131n silahl\u0131 adamlar\u0131yla birlikte harekete ge\u00e7erler. A\u011f\u0131n nahiye merkezinden sald\u0131r\u0131ya ba\u015flayan \u00e7eteler Va\u011f\u015fen, Ku\u015fna, Vank, G\u0131rani, Hatsg\u0131ni, Ehnetsik, Xoro\u00e7, Ma\u015fgerd, Sa\u011fm\u0131ga, An\u00e7\u0131rti, Dzak ve Dzab\u0131lvar k\u00f6ylerini ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerle talan eder, k\u0131smen ate\u015fe verir, katliam ve i\u011ffale u\u011frat\u0131rlar. Bu \u00e7evrede \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok kabar\u0131k de\u011fildir, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn erkekler zorla s\u00fcnnet edilerek \u0130slama \u00e7evrilir. \u00c7ok yerde halk\u0131 camiye toplayan \u00e7eteler, kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 rehin alarak erkekleri tehdit eder ve onlar\u0131 koruma i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fcnden hareketle iradelerini k\u0131r\u0131p din de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131rlar. Din adamlar\u0131na \u00f6zel eziyetler yapar ve direnenleri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Kiliseler soyulur, kirletilir, baz\u0131lar\u0131 temel ta\u015flar\u0131na kadar s\u00f6k\u00fclerek harabeye \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n

Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kimli\u011fi alt\u0131nda kalan bu k\u00f6ylerin Ermenileri, \u0130stanbul\u2019da yap\u0131lan bask\u0131larla Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in izin vermesi sonucu Hristiyanl\u0131\u011fa geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yapar. Fakat An\u00e7\u0131rti\u2019de kilisenin \u00e7an \u00e7almas\u0131na engel \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Mu\u015fe\u011f Vartabed Arapgir\u2019e geldikten sonra bu konuda m\u00fccadele verir ve tekrar \u00e7anlar\u0131n ses vermesini sa\u011flar. [5]<\/p>\n

\u00a0[1] Bu tarihten \u00e7ok \u00f6nce 1878\u2019de b\u00f6lgenin bir dizi k\u0131rsal merkezini gezmi\u015f olan Rahip Karekin S\u0131rvantsdyants\u2019\u0131n \u201cToros Ahpar Ermenistan Yolcusu\u201d isimli eserinde Yeznik isimli rahibin Arapgir\u2019e g\u00f6revli olarak geli\u015finden s\u00f6zediliyor. Arapgir \u015fehrinin daha o zamanlar on tane Ermeni okulu, hay\u0131rseverleri ve dayan\u0131\u015fma cemiyetleriyle \u00f6nemli bir ayd\u0131nlanma ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan S\u0131rvantsdyants \u015f\u00f6yle not etmi\u015f: \u201c\u2026 B\u00fcy\u00fck bir sevin\u00e7le yeni ruhani \u00f6nderleri Rahip Yeznik\u2019i bekliyorlard\u0131. Bence Rahip Yeznik b\u00f6ylesine haz\u0131r ve yeti\u015fkin bir tohum kendisine teslim edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in onlardan daha \u00e7ok sevin\u00e7li olmal\u0131yd\u0131\u201d (Aktaran Arsen Yalman, Palu-Harput 1878, II. Cilt\/Raporlar, s. 313).<\/i><\/p>\n

[2] As\u0131l ismi Kapriel Gafyan, politik ya\u015fam\u0131nda \u015e\u0131mavon olarak tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1887\u2019de Cenevre\u2019de Sosyal Demokrat H\u0131n\u00e7akyan partisini kuran Kafkas Ermenisi \u00fcniversiteli gen\u00e7lerden biridir. 15 Haziran 1890 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130stanbul Kumkap\u0131 mitinginde etkinlik g\u00f6sterir. Hemen ard\u0131ndan partinin k\u0131rsal merkezlerde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi i\u00e7in do\u011fuya hareket eder. Merzifon ve Sivas \u00fczerinden Harput\u2019a ge\u00e7mek \u00fczereyken Arapgir\u2019e demir atar. Buradaki faaliyetleri konumuz i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7iyor.<\/i><\/p>\n

[3] Bunu anlatan tan\u0131k \u015f\u00f6yle bir not d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f: \u201cY\u0131llar sonra i\u015f icab\u0131 \u00c7emi\u015fgezek\u2019e gitti\u011fimde, Tovmas Parunagyan\u2019\u0131n d\u00fckkan\u0131nda otururken Gako A\u011fa isminde bir K\u00fcrt geldi. O gen\u00e7lerin tutuklanma olay\u0131ndan bahsederek Diab A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc mahkum etti. \u2018Bir grup K\u00fcrtle o ay\u0131b\u0131 temizlemek i\u00e7in duyar duymaz harekete ge\u00e7tik, fakat yeti\u015femedik. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131 F\u0131rat\u2019\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7irmi\u015flerdi zaten ve biz k\u0131r\u0131k kalple geri d\u00f6nd\u00fck\u2019 dedi. (Sarkis Paxdikyan, Vosgekedag, 3. cilt, 1948, Beyrut, s. 69)<\/i><\/p>\n

[4] Minas Bebiryan\u2019dan aktaran; Antranik L. Polatyan, Arapgir Ermenileri Tarihi, New York, 1969, s.667-675<\/i><\/p>\n

[5] Antranik L. Polatyan, age, s.691-696<\/i><\/p>\n

http:\/\/ermenistan.de\/hovsep-hayreni-yazi-abdulhamit-kirimlarinin-canli-bir-ornegi-1895-arapgir\/<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hovsep Hayreni G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 118 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, 1895\u2019in son \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k kesitinde Sultan Hamid Ermeni halk\u0131na \u00e7ok yo\u011fun bir kan banyosu yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O y\u0131l kabul etmek zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ermeni reformlar\u0131n\u0131 sabote etmenin yolu olarak k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ahaliyi, devlet g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerini ve Hamidiye alaylar\u0131n\u0131 her tarafta Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine salm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1894\u2019te bu olaylar\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olan Sasun katliam\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":32187,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nAbd\u00fclhamit K\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n Canl\u0131 Bir \u00d6rne\u011fi: 1895 ARAPG\u0130R - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32186\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Abd\u00fclhamit K\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n Canl\u0131 Bir \u00d6rne\u011fi: 1895 ARAPG\u0130R - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hovsep Hayreni G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 118 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, 1895\u2019in son \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k kesitinde Sultan Hamid Ermeni halk\u0131na \u00e7ok yo\u011fun bir kan banyosu yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 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