{"id":32163,"date":"2014-10-24T03:10:01","date_gmt":"2014-10-24T08:10:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163"},"modified":"2014-10-24T03:10:01","modified_gmt":"2014-10-24T08:10:01","slug":"kilikya-ermeni-kralliginin-dogusu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163","title":{"rendered":"Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Kevork<\/a>Kevork Gallo\u015fyan<\/b><\/p>\n

Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ermeni tarihinin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6nemin siyas\u00ee \u015fartlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011fu zaman Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi ve b\u00f6lgenin en \u00f6nemli devletlerinden biri olmas\u0131 krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n anlam ve \u00f6nemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecektir.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Peki, Ermeniler, Kilikya b\u00f6lgesinde (\u015fimdiki \u00c7ukurova ve \u00e7evresi) ne zamandan beri vard\u0131 ve devletlerini nas\u0131l kurdular? Kilikya Ermeni tarihinin incelenmesine y\u00f6nelik makalemize bu sorunun cevab\u0131yla ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Kilikya olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu b\u00f6lge co\u011fraf\u00ee a\u00e7\u0131dan ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r: Da\u011fl\u0131k Kilikya ve Oval\u0131k Kilikya. M.\u00d6. 95-55 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemlerde b\u00f6lgede Ermeni n\u00fcfusu az olsa da bu tarihten itibaren h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren Ermeni \u0130mparatoru B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgeyi ele ge\u00e7irmesiyle birlikte Ermeni n\u00fcfusu da \u00e7o\u011falmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kilikya, Orta\u00e7a\u011f boyunca ve \u00f6zellikle 11. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Ermeni co\u011frafyas\u0131 haline gelmi\u015fti. As\u0131l Ermenistan\u2019daki son Ermeni devleti Bagratuni Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden (1045) sonra ba\u015flayan g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131 ile Ermeniler Kilikya b\u00f6lgesindeki \u00e7o\u011funluk haline geldi. 10. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 kendisine ba\u011flamak isteyen Bizans \u0130mparatoru do\u011frudan sava\u015f a\u00e7masa bile bu y\u00f6ndeki politikalar\u0131 ile Ermeni Bagratuni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 zay\u0131flatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Ermeniler ve Bizans aras\u0131ndaki mezhep fark\u0131 da Bizans\u2019\u0131n hi\u00e7bir zaman g\u00f6rmek istemedi\u011fi bir ger\u00e7ekti. Ermenilere mezhep farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden de bask\u0131 yapan Bizans, Ermenileri kendi mezhebine dahil edip b\u00f6ylece onlar\u0131n \u00fczerindeki siyas\u00ee etkisini de g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda 867-1056 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 imparatorlar iktidara ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Bu Ermeni hanedan \u00fcyelerinin ilki I.Basileios, Ermenistan\u2019dan (Anadolu\u2019dan) Makedonya\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f bir Ermeni ailenin \u00e7ocu\u011fuydu. Edirne\u2019de (Adrianoupolis) d\u00fcnyaya gelen, \u00e7e\u015fitli devlet hizmetlerinde bulunan ve cesaretiyle \u0130mparatorun sevgisini kazanan I. Basileios en sonunda iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f, III. Mikhail\u2019i devirip tahta \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. D\u00f6nemin baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7ileri I. Basileios\u2019un ana dilinin Ermenice oldu\u011funu ve hayat\u0131n\u0131n sonuna kadar Ermenice bir vurgu ve aksanla Rumca konu\u015ftu\u011funu aktarmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Ermeni aksan\u0131yla Rumca konu\u015fan bu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar d\u00f6neminde Do\u011fu Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu en parlak d\u00f6nemini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 geni\u015flemi\u015f ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlamda r\u00f6nesans ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

I.Basileios\u2019un tahta \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nem as\u0131l Ermenistan\u2019da Bagratuni ailesinin y\u00fckseli\u015f d\u00f6nemine denk gelmektedir. 885 y\u0131l\u0131nda XV. Abbasi halifesi Mutemid (Ebu Abbas Mutemid billah Ahmed bin Cafer M\u00fctevekkil) Bizans ile Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek ve Bagratuniler\u2019in sevgisini kazanmak i\u00e7in A\u015fot Bagratuni\u2019ye ta\u00e7 g\u00f6ndererek onu Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n kral\u0131 olarak tan\u0131yan ilk h\u00fck\u00fcmdar olmu\u015ftur. Onun ard\u0131ndan I. Basileios da A\u015fot\u2019a ta\u00e7 g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece Ermenistan Bagratuni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 arenada resmen tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bagratuni s\u00fclalesi Ermeni Ar\u015fakuni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde (66-428) krallar\u0131 ta\u00e7land\u0131rma g\u00f6revini yapan \u015f\u00f6valye s\u00fclalesi olarak bilinmekteydi. Baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler onlar\u0131n Yahudi k\u00f6kenli olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve sonradan Ermenile\u015ftiklerini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrseler de bunu net bir \u015fekilde ispatlayan tarih\u00ee bir veri ya da belge bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Tarih\u00e7ilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu da onlar\u0131n Yahudi k\u00f6kenli oldu\u011funu reddetmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bizans \u0130mparatoru I. Basileios Ermeni kral\u0131 A\u015fot Bagratuni\u2019ye ta\u00e7 g\u00f6nderdikten sonra ilgin\u00e7 ve dikkat \u00e7ekici bir jest yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. I. Basileios, Ermeni oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdikten sonra s\u0131radan bir aileden de\u011fil Ermeni Ar\u015fakuni Hanedan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n soyundan oldu\u011funu dile getirmi\u015f ve Ermeni Bagratuni Kral\u0131 A\u015fot\u2019tan kendisini ta\u00e7land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ar\u015fakuni Krallar d\u00f6neminde Bagratuniler\u2019in g\u00f6revi onlar\u0131 ta\u00e7land\u0131rmakt\u0131. A\u015fot \u0130mparatorun bu ricas\u0131n\u0131 reddetmemi\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece bir Bizans imparatoru Ermeni kral\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ta\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu ad\u0131m Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 \u015f\u00f6hretine sembolik de olsa b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

I.Basileios\u2019tan sonra tahta \u00e7\u0131kan Ermeni k\u00f6kenli Bizans imparatorlar\u0131 Ermenili\u011fe I. Basileios kadar ba\u011fl\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta \u00e7o\u011fu zaman Bizans\u2019\u0131n menfaatini savunarak Ermenistan\u2019a bask\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bizans\u2019\u0131n Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 kendi topraklar\u0131na dahil etme politikas\u0131 en \u00e7ok onlar\u0131n d\u00f6neminde uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun psikolojik altyap\u0131s\u0131 belki de onlar\u0131n Ermeni k\u00f6kenli olmalar\u0131nda yatmaktad\u0131r. Zira k\u00f6klerinin Ermeni olmas\u0131 Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 da kendi hakimiyetleri alt\u0131nda g\u00f6rmek istemeleri i\u00e7in bir neden olabilir. Ancak bu sadece bir yorumdur. Ortada olan ger\u00e7ek \u015fu ki bu d\u00f6nemde Ermenistan’\u0131n iyice y\u0131prat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fuydu. Hem Bizansl\u0131lar hem de Abbasiler asil Ermeni aileleri birbirine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmekle me\u015fguld\u00fc. Baz\u0131 Ermeni beyler yar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z beylikler kurup Bagratuniler\u2019in hakimiyetini reddetmi\u015flerdi. Bagratuniler \u00e7o\u011fu zaman onlar\u0131n isyanlar\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rmakla u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fclkenin geli\u015fmesine y\u00f6nelik faaliyetler aksam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ermeni asilzadelerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 i\u00e7 anla\u015fmazl\u0131klardan dolay\u0131 kendilerine sad\u0131k olan halkla beraber Bizans\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu eyaletlerine ve daha yo\u011fun olarak Kilikya\u2019ya yerle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu d\u00f6nemde Ermeniler, Bizans ordusunda ve devletin di\u011fer kademelerinde \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek makamlara ve \u00fcnvanlara sahip oldular. Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda Ermeniler\u2019in katk\u0131s\u0131 ve rol\u00fc, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funda oldu\u011fu gibi \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir konudur. \u00dcnl\u00fc tarih\u00e7i F.N. Busell \u00abThe Roman Empire from 81 to 1081\u00bb isimli kitab\u0131nda bu d\u00f6nemi \u00abErmeni Devri\u00bb olarak adland\u0131r\u0131r. Fakat bu makalede bundan \u00e7ok ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bahsetmeden as\u0131l konumuz olan Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’na ge\u00e7ece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

11. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun do\u011fu eyaletlerinde Ermeniler daha da etkili olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. As\u0131l Ermenistan\u2019da ise, 1045 y\u0131l\u0131nda son Ermeni Bagratuni Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6kmesiyle birlikte topraklar\u0131 da Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na dahil oldu. Ba\u015fkenti Ani olan (\u015fimdiki An\u0131 harabeleri) Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden sonra Ermeniler\u2019in g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc yo\u011funla\u015farak devam etti. Bizans\u2019\u0131n himayesine girdikten sonra, Ermeniler\u2019in bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Rum- Ortodoks Kilisesi\u2019ne kat\u0131ld\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece \u00abHayhurum\u00bb kavram\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ermeni ve Rum manas\u0131na gelen bu kavram Ermeni Apostolik (Havari) Kilisesi\u2019nden ayr\u0131l\u0131p Rum Ortodokslu\u011fu\u2019nu kabul eden Ermeniler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde Hayhurumlar\u2019\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 artm\u0131\u015f ve baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde Hayhurum asilzade Ermeniler beylikler kurmu\u015ftur. Daha sonra Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na da katk\u0131 sa\u011flayan bu beyliklerden birini de Hayhurum Pilartos Varajnuni kurmu\u015ftur. 1068 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bizans \u0130mparatoru IV. Romen Diyojen, Pilartos Varajnuni\u2019yi F\u0131rat Nehri \u00e7evresinde bulunan topraklarda Bizans ordusunun komutan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6revlendirmi\u015ftir. Fakat 1071 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sel\u00e7uklu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Alparslan’\u0131n IV. Romen Diyojen\u2019i ma\u011flup etmesinden sonra Pilartos Varajnuni Bizans hakimiyetinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve egemenli\u011fini Antiock (Antakya), Malatya, Urfa (Edessia) b\u00f6lgelerinde peki\u015ftirdi. 1071-1086 y\u0131llar aras\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren ve resm\u00ee olarak tan\u0131nmayan bu devletin ba\u015fkentli\u011fini Mara\u015f (Germanike) yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1082-1112 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ise biraz daha kuzeyde Ermenice ad\u0131 Kesun olan b\u00f6lgede (\u015eimdiki Harput-Elaz\u0131\u011f b\u00f6lgesi) Ermeni Go\u011f Vasil (H\u0131rs\u0131z Vasil) \u00f6nderli\u011finde bir beylik ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu iki beylik-devletler uluslararas\u0131 arenada etkili olup tan\u0131nmasa da Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n olu\u015fumuna b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ermeni Bagratuni Devleti\u2019nin son kral\u0131 II. Gagik\u2019in (1042-1045) suikaste u\u011framas\u0131ndan sonra komutan\u0131 Ruben Bey adamlar\u0131yla Kilikya\u2019ya yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve buradaki Ermeniler\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7erek 1080 y\u0131l\u0131nda kendi beyli\u011fini kurmu\u015ftur. Bu beylik ilk d\u00f6nemlerde Bizans\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015farak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve Bizans hakimiyetini reddetmi\u015ftir. Tabii Ermeni Bagratuni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 kendisine ba\u011flarken, Ermeniler\u2019in Bizans topraklar\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir beylik kurmas\u0131, Bizans i\u00e7in \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r bir darbe olmu\u015ftu. I. Ruben Bey\u2019in b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu I. Kostandin baz\u0131 kaleleri ve b\u00f6lgeleri Bizans\u2019tan alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1098 y\u0131l\u0131nda ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi Vahka (Feke) kalesini imar edip beyli\u011fin ba\u015fkenti yapt\u0131. Hem I. Ruben Bey\u2019in hem de I. Kostandin Bey\u2019in iktidar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde b\u00f6lgede olu\u015fan Ha\u00e7l\u0131 devletleriyle iyi ili\u015fkiler kurulmu\u015f ve bu ili\u015fkiler evlilik ba\u011flar\u0131yla peki\u015ftirilmi\u015fti. I. Kostandin\u2019den sonra iktidara ge\u00e7en b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu I. Toros Bey 1104 y\u0131l\u0131nda Oval\u0131k Kilikya\u2019y\u0131, Sis (\u015fimdiki Kozan) ve Anavarza kalesini Bizans\u2019tan ald\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde bu co\u011frafyada ilerleyen Sel\u00e7uklularla da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131. H\u0131rs\u0131z Vasil\u2019in verdi\u011fi destekle Toros Bey 1107 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131p onlar\u0131n ilerlemesini engelledi. 1111 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rumlardan birka\u00e7 kale daha ele ge\u00e7irildi. Bizans \u0130mparatoru I. Aleksios, Toros Bey\u2019in hakimiyetini mecburen tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6zerk bir b\u00f6lge olarak Kilikya\u2019y\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir. Toros Bey\u2019in iki o\u011flu da daha kendisi hayattayken vefat ettikleri i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra iktidar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karde\u015fi I. Levon Bey\u2019e ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. \u0130ktidar\u0131n\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00fclkenin kuzey ve do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in hem Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar\u2019\u0131n hem de Sel\u00e7uklular\u2019\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir m\u00fccadele verdikten sonra I.Levon Bey Bizans\u2019a y\u00f6nelmi\u015f ve 1132 y\u0131l\u0131nda onlar\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131p Oval\u0131k Kilikya\u2019y\u0131 tamamen kendi hakimiyeti alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin Musul ve Halep Atabeyi ve Zengi hanedan\u0131n\u0131n kurucusu Ak Sunguro\u011flu \u0130madeddin Zengi\u2019nin verdi\u011fi destekle I. Levon Bey Antioch (Antakya) D\u00fck\u00fc ve Yeru\u015falim (Kud\u00fcs) Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011fratarak beyli\u011fin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcney do\u011fuda geni\u015fletmi\u015f oldu. 1137 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bizans Kilikya\u2019ya tekrar sald\u0131rd\u0131 ve 35 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren direni\u015ften sonra I. Levon ailesiyle beraber esir d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Kostandinoupolis\u2019e (\u0130stanbul) getirilen I. Levon Bey ve o\u011flu Ruben \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ancak di\u011fer o\u011flu II. Toros Bey ka\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f ve Kilikya\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fcp karde\u015fleri Stepane ve Mleh\u2019in yard\u0131m\u0131yla beyli\u011fi tekrar g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmi\u015fti. Bizans Kilikya\u2019y\u0131 kaybetmek istemese de Toros Bey\u2019in hakimiyetini tan\u0131mak zorunda kald\u0131 ve Kilikya Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Ermeni Beyli\u011fi’ni tan\u0131d\u0131. Toros Bey d\u00fczenli bir ordu olu\u015fturdu ve \u00fclkeyi her alanda geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. S\u0131n\u0131rlar geni\u015fledi, imar faaliyetlerinin \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ile yeni kiliseler, kaleler ve binalar in\u015fa edildi. II. Toros Bey\u2019den sonra karde\u015fi M\u0131leh Bey iktidara ge\u00e7ti. M\u0131leh Bey\u2019in d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131 sayesinde Kilikya Ermeni Beyli\u011fi g\u00fc\u00e7lendi. M\u0131leh Bey Halep amiras\u0131 Nureddin Zengi\u2019nin en sevdi\u011fi arkada\u015f\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda silah arkada\u015f\u0131yd\u0131. H\u0131ristyan bir devletin \u00f6nderi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen M\u0131leh Bey Nureddin Zengi\u2019ye Ha\u00e7l\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 destek vermi\u015f, bu sayede hem kendi devletini Ha\u00e7l\u0131lardan korumu\u015f hem de kom\u015fu m\u00fcsl\u00fcman devletle \u00e7ok iyi ili\u015fkiler kurmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Baz\u0131 Ermeni din adamlar\u0131 onu k\u00f6t\u00fclemi\u015f, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia edip k\u0131nam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. M\u0131leh Bey’in Kilikya Ermeni Devleti’nin olu\u015fmas\u0131ndaki rol\u00fc \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Baz\u0131 iddialara g\u00f6re kendisi hi\u00e7 bir zaman m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmam\u0131\u015f sadece m\u00fcsl\u00fcman kom\u015fu devletleriyle \u00e7ok s\u0131cak ve iyi ili\u015fkiler kurarak Kilikya Ermeni Beyli\u011fi’ni yok olmaktan kurtarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u0131leh Bey 1114 y\u0131l\u0131nda depremden hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f Sis (\u015fimdiki Kozan) \u015fehrini 1173 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeniden imar etmi\u015f ve beyli\u011fin ba\u015fkenti yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kendi siyas\u00ee \u00e7izgisine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kanlara, \u00f6zellikle latin yanl\u0131s\u0131 olan Ermeniler\u2019e zulmetti\u011fi i\u00e7in M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 Latin yanl\u0131s\u0131 Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. M\u0131leh Bey\u2019in faaliyetleri Kilikya\u2019da Ermeni devleti olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yolunu a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u0131leh Bey belki de Kilikya’n\u0131n Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar ve Latinler taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmesini engellemi\u015f ve bu b\u00f6lgede bir Ermeni devleti kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra yerine ge\u00e7en ye\u011feni III. Ruben Bey Ermeni ordusunun ba\u015f komutan\u0131 ve karde\u015fi Levon Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nderli\u011finde Aleksandret\u2019ten(\u0130skenderun) Silifke’ye kadar uzanan b\u00f6lgede Kilikya Ermeni Beyli\u011fi’nin hakimiyetini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmi\u015fti. III.Ruben Bey\u2019den sonra tahta \u00e7\u0131kan II.Levon Bey d\u00f6nemi Kilikya Ermeni Beyli\u011fi’nin zirveye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemdir. 1187 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ravin Ovas\u0131 Muharebesi’nde Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti topraklar\u0131ndan Kilikya\u2019ya girmi\u015f T\u00fcrkmen \u00e7etelerini yenilgiye u\u011fratan II. Levon Bey Kilikya\u2019ya sald\u0131ran \u015eam ve Halep Sultan\u0131n\u0131 da yenmi\u015f ve egemenli\u011fini kabul ettirmi\u015ftir. M\u0131s\u0131r Sultan\u0131 ve \u015eam Emiri Selahaddin Eyyubi de Kilikya Ermeni Beyli\u011fi i\u00e7in tehdit haline gelmi\u015fti. Fakat II.Levon Bey\u2019in siyaseti neticesinde bu tehlike de etkisiz hale getirildi. II. Levon Bey siyas\u00ee ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ak\u0131ll\u0131ca atarak Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n ilan edilmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. B\u00f6ylece 6 Ocak 1198 tarihinde Tarsus\u2019taki (Tarson) Ana katedralde II. Levon Bey Kral I. Levon olarak ta\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.haber10.com\/makale\/39915\/#.VEj08aBUnCN <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kevork Gallo\u015fyan Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ermeni tarihinin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6nemin siyas\u00ee \u015fartlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011fu zaman Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi ve b\u00f6lgenin en \u00f6nemli devletlerinden biri olmas\u0131 krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n anlam ve \u00f6nemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecektir. Peki, Ermeniler, Kilikya b\u00f6lgesinde (\u015fimdiki \u00c7ukurova ve \u00e7evresi) ne zamandan beri vard\u0131 ve devletlerini nas\u0131l kurdular? Kilikya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":32164,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nKilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kevork Gallo\u015fyan Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ermeni tarihinin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6nemin siyas\u00ee \u015fartlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011fu zaman Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi ve b\u00f6lgenin en \u00f6nemli devletlerinden biri olmas\u0131 krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n anlam ve \u00f6nemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecektir. Peki, Ermeniler, Kilikya b\u00f6lgesinde (\u015fimdiki \u00c7ukurova ve \u00e7evresi) ne zamandan beri vard\u0131 ve devletlerini nas\u0131l kurdular? 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Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Kevork Gallo\u015fyan Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ermeni tarihinin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6nemin siyas\u00ee \u015fartlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011fu zaman Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi ve b\u00f6lgenin en \u00f6nemli devletlerinden biri olmas\u0131 krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n anlam ve \u00f6nemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecektir. Peki, Ermeniler, Kilikya b\u00f6lgesinde (\u015fimdiki \u00c7ukurova ve \u00e7evresi) ne zamandan beri vard\u0131 ve devletlerini nas\u0131l kurdular? Kilikya […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2014-10-24T08:10:01+00:00","og_image":[{"width":128,"height":160,"url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2014\/10\/Kevork-Galoshyan.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"11 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"headline":"Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu","datePublished":"2014-10-24T08:10:01+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163"},"wordCount":2288,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2014\/10\/Kevork-Galoshyan.jpg","articleSection":["Haberler","Makaleler","Tarih Sayfalar\u0131"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163","name":"Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2014\/10\/Kevork-Galoshyan.jpg","datePublished":"2014-10-24T08:10:01+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2014\/10\/Kevork-Galoshyan.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2014\/10\/Kevork-Galoshyan.jpg","width":128,"height":160},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=32163#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/","name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e","name":"admin","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?author=7"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=32163"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32165,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32163\/revisions\/32165"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/32164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=32163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=32163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=32163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}