{"id":31424,"date":"2014-09-03T07:36:10","date_gmt":"2014-09-03T12:36:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=31424"},"modified":"2014-09-03T07:38:20","modified_gmt":"2014-09-03T12:38:20","slug":"ittihatcilarin-yargilandigi-mahkeme-belgelerinde-1919-1921","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=31424","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n Yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mahkeme Belgelerinde (1919-1921) Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Ger\u00e7e\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Meline<\/a>Meline Anumyan<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, Ermenileri imha etme konusundaki siyasetleri, 1919-1921 tarihlerinde ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc askeri mahkemelerde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olan 60\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerindeki dava sonucunda kabul edilen kararlar sayesinde Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan resmi olarak telin edilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcm bu davalar, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda Ermenilerin tehciri ve taktili (kitlesel katliamlar) su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi ve h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00fcyeleri, Nisan-Temmuz 1919 tarihlerindeki yarg\u0131lanmalar\u0131nda, Ermenilerin tehciri ve imhas\u0131 konusunda rol oynam\u0131\u015f olan \u201cTe\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u201d \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc kurmu\u015f olman\u0131n haricinde, \u00fclkeyi sebepsiz yere sava\u015fa s\u00fcr\u00fcklemek, ekonomik \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flamak, karaborsada faaliyette bulunmak ve \u00fclke g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehlikeye atmakla su\u00e7lanmaktayd\u0131. Ermenistanl\u0131 profes\u00f6r Nikolay Hovhannisyan\u2019\u0131n belirtmi\u015f oldu\u011fu gibi, bu yarg\u0131lamalar sonucunda verilen h\u00fck\u00fcmler sayesinde Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 resmen tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu davalar, ayn\u0131 zamanda Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olgusunun tasdik edilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemlidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00f6neltilen su\u00e7lamalar, dava s\u00fcresince dinlenen \u015fahitler ve daval\u0131lar\u0131n ifadeleri, okunan \u015fifreli telgraflar ve \u00f6zellikle de kararlar\u0131 ihtiva eden belgeler, Ermenilerin toplu k\u0131y\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130ttihat Partisi ve h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan taamm\u00fcden ve planl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011funun ink\u00e2r edilemez kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil etmektedir.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130mparatorlu\u011fun nihai \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulunmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131ndaki ate\u015fkes d\u00f6neminde h\u0131zla de\u011fi\u015fen h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 sorumlular\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karma ve mahk\u00fbm etme giri\u015fimlerinin ard\u0131nda, \u00f6ncelikle bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131 maddeleri ile galip devletlerin yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yumu\u015fatma arzusu yatmaktayd\u0131. \u00d6zellikle, uluslararas\u0131 toplumun su\u00e7lular\u0131 beynelmilel bir mahkemeye teslim etme talebi, T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etki yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Belirtmek gerekir ki, daha Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Bat\u0131 Ermenilerinin toplu tehciri ve katliam\u0131 haberleri t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131l\u0131p Fransa, B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya ve Rusya h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri nezdinde m\u00fcttefik devletler, 24 May\u0131s 1915 tarihinde Bab\u0131\u00e2li\u2019ye protesto notas\u0131 yollayarak, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun bu yeni caniliklerinin insanl\u0131\u011fa ve medeniyete kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve bunlarla ilgili olarak Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n t\u00fcm fertleri ile katliamlara kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan yerel y\u00f6neticilerini sorumlu kabul edeceklerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda m\u00fcttefik devletler, katliamlar\u0131n sorumlular\u0131na y\u00f6nelik uluslararas\u0131 adalet prensiplerini uygulamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, fakat daha sonraki aylarda bu giri\u015fim giderek zay\u0131flar ve nihayetinde siyasi oyunlar\u0131n kurban\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu padi\u015fah\u0131 sultan Mehmet VI. Vahdettin ile s\u0131k-s\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fen h\u00fck\u00fcmet temsilcileri, uluslararas\u0131 toplumun bask\u0131lar\u0131na boyun e\u011ferek, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen canilikleri, \u00f6zellikle de Ermenilerin tehcir ve katliam\u0131 sorumlular\u0131n\u0131 cezaland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in acele ederler. Aral\u0131k 1918 tarihinden itibaren y\u00f6netime gelmi\u015f olan h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin b\u00fcnyesinde, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n rakibi ve sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda takibata u\u011fram\u0131\u015f olan H\u00fcrriyet ve \u0130til\u00e2f Partisi \u00fcyelerinin yer bulmu\u015f olmas\u0131 da bu konuda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131n\u0131 takip eden aylarda, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu toplumunda, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda H\u0131ristiyanlara kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen katliamlar konusunda \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 su\u00e7layarak, onlardan soyutlanma yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 belirgindi. Bu d\u00f6nem Osmanl\u0131 bas\u0131n\u0131nda \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 sert su\u00e7lamalar yer bulmaktad\u0131r. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olduklar\u0131 siyaset sert bir \u015fekilde tenkide u\u011frar. Ermenilerin tehciri ve katliamlar\u0131 sorunu, o d\u00f6nemin Osmanl\u0131 meclisinin g\u00fcndemine de gelir ve 1918 Ekim-Kas\u0131m aylar\u0131nda sert tart\u0131\u015fmalara yol a\u00e7ar. Osmanl\u0131 meclisinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen tart\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi ile h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen yolsuzluklar ve caniliklerin ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi kan\u0131tlan\u0131r. Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla Osmanl\u0131 meclisinde olu\u015fturulan Be\u015finci \u015eube, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi\u2019ni, di\u011fer su\u00e7larla birlikte, sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131 sebepsiz yere tehcir etme, kitlesel katliam ve bu katliamlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa olarak an\u0131lan gayrikanun\u00ee bir kurulu\u015f te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmekle de su\u00e7lar. Osmanl\u0131 meclisinin Be\u015finci \u015eubesi, soru\u015fturulan bakanlar\u0131n yorumlar\u0131 ve itiraflar\u0131, i\u00e7lerinde katliamlarla ilgili \u00e7ok gizli talimatnamelerin de bulundu\u011fu, \u00e7ok say\u0131da belgeyi de ekler. Bu belgeler daha sonra Divan-\u0131 Harp savc\u0131lar\u0131na teslim edilir.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funda, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 sorumlular\u0131n\u0131n soru\u015fturulmas\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 soru\u015fturma komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan, hemen-hemen ayn\u0131 zamanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Mazhar Komisyonu olarak da an\u0131lan Su\u00e7lar\u0131 Soru\u015fturma Komisyonu da Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 sorumlular\u0131n\u0131 bulmak amac\u0131yla \u00f6nemli soru\u015fturmalar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Bu komisyon, iki ay i\u00e7inde, Ermeni katliamlar\u0131yla ilgili, aralar\u0131nda \u015fifreli telgraflar, resmi yaz\u0131\u015fmalar, talimatlar ve emirler ile g\u00f6rg\u00fc \u015fahitlerinin tan\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu \u00e7ok say\u0131da kan\u0131t elde ederek, bunlar\u0131 da 1919 Oca\u011f\u0131nda \u0130stanbul askeri mahkemesine teslim eder. Lakin 1. Divan-\u0131 Harp mahkemesi, belirtilen soru\u015fturma komisyonlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan elde edilen verileri eksik olarak kabul ederek olu\u015fturdu\u011fu 5 soru\u015fturma komisyonu da, bir dizi ek veri elde edip askeri mahkemelerin savc\u0131lar\u0131na teslim eder.<\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi \u00fcyelerinin yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131, 28 Nisan 1919 tarihinde ba\u015flar ve ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n 17 May\u0131s\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrer. Dava esnas\u0131nda, 11 ki\u015fi g\u0131yab\u0131nda, 20 parti lideri ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey g\u00f6revli ise tutuklu olarak yarg\u0131lan\u0131r. Tutuklu olarak yarg\u0131lananlar, ba\u015fbakan Sayit Halim Pa\u015fa, d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanlar\u0131 Halil Mente\u015fe ve Ahmet Nesimi, adalet bakan\u0131 \u0130brahim Pirizade, parti merkez komitesi \u00fcyesi K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Talat, Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa \u00fcyesi R\u0131za Bey, parti merkez komitesi genel sekreteri Mithat \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc, parti merkez komitesi ve Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa \u00fcyesi Ziya G\u00f6kalp, g\u0131da bakan\u0131 Kara Kemal, e\u011fitim bakan\u0131 \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey, \u0130stanbul muhaf\u0131z birli\u011fi komutan\u0131 Ahmet Cevat ve Ankara milletvekili ve Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa \u00fcyesi At\u0131f olmu\u015ftur. G\u0131yab\u0131nda yarg\u0131lananlar, i\u00e7i\u015fleri bakan\u0131 ve ba\u015fbakan Talat, sava\u015f bakan\u0131 Enver, bahriye bakan\u0131 Cemal, parti merkez komitesi \u00fcyesi, e\u011fitim bakan\u0131 ve Te\u015fkilat- Mahsusa liderlerinden Doktor Naz\u0131m, parti merkez komitesi \u00fcyesi ve Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019n\u0131n Do\u011fu Vilayetleri k\u0131sm\u0131 y\u00f6neticisi Behaettin \u015eakir, parti merkez komitesi \u00fcyesi Doktor R\u00fcsuhi ile kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi bakan\u0131 ve Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa \u00fcyesi Aziz bulunmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu davan\u0131n ilk oturumunda mahkeme katibi \u015eefik taraf\u0131ndan iddianame okunur. \u015eifreli telgraflar ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey memur ile subaylar\u0131n vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu tan\u0131kl\u0131klardan derlenmi\u015f olan 41 resmi ve yar\u0131-resmi orijinal belge \u00fczerinden derlenen bu su\u00e7lama dosyas\u0131na \u00f6zellikle de\u011finmek yerindedir. Bu belgelerden her birinin, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Adalet ve Dahiliye bakanl\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 yetkili g\u00f6revliler taraf\u0131ndan incelenerek ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi tasdik edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, onlara \u00f6zel bir \u00f6nem atfetmektedir. Bunun haricinde, \u00e7o\u011fu kez san\u0131klara belgeler alt\u0131nda bulunan kendi imzalar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f ve onlar bu imzalar\u0131n kendilerine ait oldu\u011funu ikrar etmi\u015ftir. Ana iddianamede yer bulan belgelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, parti merkez komitesi ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilen gizli talimat ve \u015fifreli telgraflardan olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131. \u0130ddianamede, dava dosyas\u0131n\u0131n esas amac\u0131n\u0131n Ermenilerin tehciri esnas\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen trajedinin soru\u015fturulmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirtilmekteydi. \u0130ddianame, Ermenilerin imhas\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi Merkez Komitesi taraf\u0131ndan, ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler neticesinde \u00f6nceden karar verilmi\u015f oldu\u011funu vurgulamaktayd\u0131. B\u00f6ylelikle, yaz\u0131l\u0131 ifade vermi\u015f olan Osmanl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ordusu komutan\u0131 Mehmet Vehip Pa\u015fa, Ermenilere uygulanan vah\u015fet ve katliamlar ile mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131na, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi Merkez Komitesi taraf\u0131ndan karar verilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu ve bu k\u0131r\u0131mlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla Behaettin \u015eakir\u2019in, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ordu d\u00e2hilinde \u00f6zel katiller haz\u0131rlay\u0131p \u015fahsen y\u00f6netmi\u015f oldu\u011funu bildirmi\u015ftir. \u0130ddianamede, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki y\u00f6neticileri taraf\u0131ndan hapishanelerden sal\u0131verilen su\u00e7lulardan olu\u015fan Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019n\u0131n as\u0131l amac\u0131n\u0131n, cinayetler i\u015flemek oldu\u011fu vurgulanmakta ve bu te\u015fkilat\u0131n, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki ile s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu, bu \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00f6revlilerinin, parti merkez komitesi \u00fcyeleri oldu\u011fu belirtilmekte, Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa \u015fakilerinin daha sonra, tehcir edilen Ermenilerin imhas\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu vurgulanmaktayd\u0131. \u0130ddianamede, Ermenilerin tehciri esnas\u0131nda farkl\u0131 zamanlarda ve yerlerde vuku bulan su\u00e7lar\u0131n soru\u015fturulmas\u0131 neticesinde, bu c\u00fcr\u00fcmlerin yerel nitelikte olmay\u0131p, san\u0131klar taraf\u0131ndan te\u015fkil edilmi\u015f olan \u201c\u00f6zel bir merkezin\u201d s\u00f6zl\u00fc talimatlar\u0131 ve gizli emirleri do\u011frultusunda planlan\u0131p ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu ve Ermeni katliamlar\u0131n\u0131n Talat, Enver ve Cemal\u2019in do\u011frudan emirleri ve bilgileri d\u00e2hilinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011funun tamamen kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu vurgulanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130ddianamede, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sunmu\u015f oldu\u011fu imk\u00e2nlardan, gizli planlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla faydalanm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 vurgulanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130ddianamede, Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirenlerin ve ink\u00e2r eden T\u00fcrk tarih\u00e7ilerin, tehcirin bir sava\u015f gereklili\u011fi olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u00f6zde \u201carg\u00fcman\u0131\u201d da yalanlamaktad\u0131r. \u0130ddianameye istinaden, \u00f6rne\u011fin sava\u015f alan\u0131 olarak kabul edilmeyen Bolu\u2019dan Ermenilerin tehcir edilmesinin, askeri gereklilikten \u00f6teye, parti ama\u00e7lar\u0131 ve niyetlerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r. Bu i\u015flemler ne cezaland\u0131rma, ne de dirlik-d\u00fczen faaliyetleriydi. \u0130ddianame, Ermenilerin imha edilmesi metotlar\u0131na, Ermenilerin mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na el koyma ve yolsuzluklara \u00f6zellikle e\u011filmekteydi. \u0130ddianamede, J\u00f6n T\u00fcrk partisi \u00fcyelerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n, Ermenilerin ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ve ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131ndan zenginle\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fu da vurgulanmaktayd\u0131. \u0130ddianamede, Ermeni katliamlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a parti ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan emredilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu belirtilmekte, kan\u0131t olarak da yerlerinden edilen Ermenilerin imha edilmesiyle ilgili \u015fifreli telgraf g\u00f6sterilmekteydi. Bu belgede, Ermenilerin katledilmesi konusunda parti te\u015fkilat a\u011f\u0131yla birlikte sivil ve askeri y\u00f6neticilerin kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ve katliamlar\u0131n, \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fahsen Talat taraf\u0131ndan denetlendi\u011fi vurgulanmaktayd\u0131. \u0130ddianamede, Ermenileri korumaya c\u00fcret eden g\u00f6revliler ve basit insanlara g\u00f6revinden alma ve hatta \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131yla tehdit edilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu kaydedilmekteydi.<\/p>\n

Parti \u00fcyelerinin yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda san\u0131klar\u0131n mahkeme ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n vermi\u015f olduklar\u0131 sorular\u0131 cevaplarken, benzer ifadeler vermekteydi. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan, hapishanede san\u0131klara birbirleriyle sohbet etme, durum incelemesinde bulunma ve gelecekte verecekleri ifadeleri uyarlama verilmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynamaktayd\u0131. \u00d6zellikle ilk oturumlar esnas\u0131nda san\u0131klar ka\u00e7amak cevaplar verip, Ermeni katliamlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgileri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyip, ba\u015fkan\u0131n sorular\u0131n\u0131 anlamad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcs\u00fc verip, o d\u00f6nemin olaylar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 hat\u0131rlamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemekteydiler. Lakin davan\u0131n daha sonraki oturumlar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda san\u0131klar bu takti\u011fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcremez. Divan-\u0131 Harp heyeti, farkl\u0131 metotlara ba\u015fvurarak, onlar\u0131n bu konudaki inad\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131r. Parti \u00fcyelerinin yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n son oturumlar\u0131nda mahkeme \u00e7apraz sorgulama metoduna ba\u015fvurur ve beklenmedik bir \u015fekilde san\u0131klar\u0131n kendi imzalar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u015fifreli telgraflar\u0131 veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 ifadelerini kan\u0131t olarak okutur. T\u00fcm bu metotlar netice verir ve san\u0131klar, sert ink\u00e2r duru\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 terk edip, baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli bilgiler vermeye ba\u015flar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, yarg\u0131laman\u0131n alt\u0131nc\u0131 oturumu esnas\u0131nda Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa \u00fcyesi At\u0131f, parti merkez komitesinin, Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019ya destek vermi\u015f oldu\u011funu itiraf eder. Belirtilen san\u0131k, ayn\u0131 oturumda, Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019n\u0131n, hapishaneden sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan su\u00e7lulardan meydana getirilmi\u015f oldu\u011funu da tasdik eder.<\/p>\n

10 Nisan 1919 tarihinde Yozgat Ermenilerinin tehciri ve katli yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 sonucunda dara\u011fac\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan Bo\u011fazl\u0131yan kaymakam\u0131 Mehmet Kemal\u2019in idam cezas\u0131ndan sonra \u0130stanbul\u2019da kitlesel g\u00f6steriler d\u00fczenlenir. Hatta, \u00fcst d\u00fczey g\u00f6revlilerden olu\u015fan san\u0131klar\u0131n hapsedilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu ve \u201cBekira\u011fa B\u00f6l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d olarak an\u0131lan hapishanenin, zaman\u0131nda Bastille\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda \u015fehirde haberler dola\u015f\u0131r. 1919 May\u0131s\u0131nda, bu hapishanede en az 250 ki\u015fi tutuklu bulunmaktayd\u0131. 23 May\u0131s 1919 tarihinde \u0130stanbul\u2019da, yarg\u0131lamalara kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenen en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6steriye, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu 200 bin ki\u015fi kat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6steriler, J\u00f6n T\u00fcrklerin \u00fclkede h\u00e2l\u00e2 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olu\u015fturdu\u011funu g\u00f6stermekteydi. Ba\u015fbakan Damat Ferit Pa\u015fa h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, gerginli\u011fi yumu\u015fatmak niyetiyle, yukar\u0131da belirtilen hapishaneden, \u00f6zellikle Ermeni katliamlar\u0131yla ilgili olmaktan zan alt\u0131nda bulunan 41 tutukluyu serbest b\u0131rak\u0131r. Damat Ferit, parti \u00fcyelerinin yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131na da ge\u00e7ici olarak durdurulmas\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu olaylar\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya y\u00fcksek komiser yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, amiral Web, B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya\u2019n\u0131n art\u0131k T\u00fcrk hapishanelerine g\u00fcvenmedi\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca kendi mahkemesi vas\u0131tas\u0131yla sava\u015f su\u00e7lular\u0131n\u0131 yarg\u0131lamay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden dolay\u0131, \u201cBekira\u011fa B\u00f6l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d hapishanesinde tutuklu di\u011fer mahk\u00fbmlar\u0131 daha g\u00fcvenilir bir yere nakletme karar\u0131 al\u0131r. Amiral Web, \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde en tehlikeli su\u00e7lular\u0131n listesini haz\u0131rlar. 28 May\u0131s 1919 tarihinde \u0130ngilizler, 67 tutukluyu\u00a0\u201cBekira\u011fa B\u00f6l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d hapishanesinden gemiyle Malta Adas\u0131\u2019na nakleder. General Miln son anda 11 su\u00e7luyu daha gemiye bindirir. B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya, aralar\u0131nda Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 sorumlular\u0131n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu, Malta\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen sava\u015f su\u00e7lular\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta ger\u00e7ekten mahk\u00fbm etmeye niyetli olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, zaman i\u00e7inde kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 giderek zay\u0131flar ve \u0130ngiltere, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f olan canileri, nihayetinde \u0130ngiliz sava\u015f esirleriyle takas eder. Malta s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye d\u00f6ner, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na kat\u0131l\u0131r ve cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonra \u00f6nemli siyasi mevkiler elde ederler. B\u00f6ylece, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 sorumlular\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin kurucu kadrosunu olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc askeri mahkeme, 3 Haziran 1919 tarihinde ana davaya yeniden bakmaya ba\u015flar. Bu oturumda Malta\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen san\u0131klar\u0131n isimleri de okunmakla birlikte, san\u0131klar\u0131n \u0130ngilizlere teslimi konusundaki raporun \u0130stanbul muh\u00e2f\u0131z\u0131, m\u00eerliv\u00e2 Seyyid Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan okunmas\u0131ndan sonra bu ki\u015filerin dosyalar\u0131 ayr\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece, ana davan\u0131n ikinci a\u015famas\u0131nda veya h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00fcyelerinin duru\u015fmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda eski \u015eeyh\u00fclislam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m, eski posta ve telgraf bakan\u0131 H\u00fcseyin Ha\u015fimi ve eski senato ba\u015fkan\u0131 R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131n dosyalar\u0131 incelemeye al\u0131n\u0131r. Bu dava esnas\u0131nda, eski sadrazam Talat Pa\u015fa, eski harbiye naz\u0131r\u0131 Enver Pa\u015fa, eski bahriye naz\u0131r\u0131 Cemal Pa\u015fa ve eski maarif naz\u0131r\u0131 Doktor Naz\u0131m da g\u0131yaplar\u0131nda yarg\u0131lanmaya devam eder. 22 May\u0131s 1919 tarihinde savc\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Feridun Bey taraf\u0131ndan, partinin kanunsuzluk ve yolsuzluklar\u0131n\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddianame takdim edilir. \u0130ddianameye g\u00f6re, tehcir edilen Ermenilerin kervanlar\u0131, onlar\u0131 imha eden ve t\u00fcm mal varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u011fmalayan \u00f6zel d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f \u00e7etelerin sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na maruz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ddianamede, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin, tehciri ve katliamlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeyi reddeden t\u00fcm vali ve kaymakamlar\u0131 g\u00f6revden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmekte, Ermeni katliamlar\u0131n\u0131n, partinin \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nceden planlanm\u0131\u015f ve ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu vurgulanmakta, bu gizli grubun liderlerinin, partinin merkez komitesi \u00fcyelerinden Doktor Bahaettin \u015eakir, Doktor Naz\u0131m ile R\u0131za ve At\u0131f beylerden olu\u015ftu\u011fu, komitenin ana planlar\u0131n\u0131n ise sadrazam Talat ile harbiye naz\u0131r\u0131 Enver ile bahriye naz\u0131r\u0131 Cemal taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir. Esasen ana davan\u0131n ikinci a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n oturumlar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda san\u0131klar\u0131n sorgulanmas\u0131, sava\u015f zaman\u0131nda \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi\u2019nin faaliyetleri, sava\u015fa kat\u0131lma konusunda g\u00f6sterdikleri giri\u015fim ile yap\u0131lan yolsuzluklarla ilgiliydi. B\u00f6ylece, 5 Temmuz 1919 tarihinde nihayetlenen dava sonucunda Talat, Enver, Cemal ve Doktor Naz\u0131m idama, Cavit, Mustafa \u015eeref ve \u015eeyh\u00fclislam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m ise 15 y\u0131l s\u00fcrg\u00fcne mahk\u00fbm olurken, R\u0131fat ve Ha\u015fim beyler beraat eder. Genelde Ermeni tehciri ve katliamlar\u0131 su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen davalar\u0131n sonunda, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc askeri mahkemelerin yarg\u0131 heyetleri, idam cezalar\u0131 verirken \u00f6zellikle firari san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda daha \u201cbonk\u00f6r\u201d davranm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ermeni tehciri ve katliamlar\u0131 su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lan yakla\u015f\u0131k 63 dava sonucunda genel olarak 20 idam h\u00fckm\u00fc verilmi\u015ftir. Bu idamlardan sadece 3\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn yerine getirilmi\u015f olup kalan 17\u2019sinin ise, san\u0131klar\u0131n firarda bulunduklar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 g\u0131yab\u0131nda verilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu ilgin\u00e7tir. \u0130dam cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lan mahk\u00fbmlar Bo\u011fazl\u0131yan kaymakam\u0131 Mehmet Kemal (Yozgat Davas\u0131), Erzincan jandarma komutan\u0131 Haf\u0131z Abdullah Avni (Erzincan Davas\u0131) ve Bayburt y\u00f6neticisi olup daha sonra Urfa kaymakam\u0131 olan Behramzade Nusret (Bayburt Davas\u0131) olmu\u015ftur. Dara\u011fac\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan ilk ki\u015fi olan Yozgat davas\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bo\u011fazl\u0131yan kaymakam\u0131 Mehmet Kemal\u2019in idam cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, T\u00fcrk toplumu aras\u0131nda \u00f6fkeye neden oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 Divan-\u0131 Harb-i \u00d6rfiler, mahkemede haz\u0131r bulunan san\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131rmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, g\u0131yab\u0131nda verilen \u00f6l\u00fcm cezalar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirmek amac\u0131yla hi\u00e7bir ad\u0131m atmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ana dava sonucunda \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lanlardan Talat, 15 Mart 1921 tarihinde Berlin\u2019de, Ermeni bir intikamc\u0131 olan So\u011fomon Tehliryan taraf\u0131ndan, Enver, 4 A\u011fustos 1922 tarihinde Orta
\nAsya\u2019da, K\u0131z\u0131l ordu birliklerinden biriyle girmi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma esnas\u0131nda, Cemal, intikamc\u0131lar Petros Ter-Po\u011fosyan ve Arta\u015fes Gevorgyan taraf\u0131ndan 25 Temmuz 1922 tarihinde Tiflis\u2019te, Sait Halim\u00a0 ise, Roma\u2019da 1921 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ar\u015favir \u015eirakyan taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ayn\u0131 \u015eirakyan, 17 Nisan 1922 tarihinde Berlin\u2019de Cemal Azmi\u2019yi ve Behaeddin \u015eakir\u2019i \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Doktor Naz\u0131m ise, Mustafa Kemal\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 suikast d\u00fczenleme su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ankara\u2019da dara\u011fac\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi gibi, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi b\u00f6lge sorumlu sekreterleri, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinde \u00f6nemli rol \u00fcstlenmi\u015f, \u00f6zellikle Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerindeki Ermenilerin tehcir ve katlini yerinde d\u00fczenleyerek denetlemi\u015flerdir. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi b\u00f6lge sorumlu sekreterlerinin davas\u0131, 21 Haziran 1919 tarihinde \u0130stanbul askeri mahkemesinde ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, fakat 28 Haziran 1919 tarihli duru\u015fmadan sonra mahkemede de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sebebiyle, 6 Ekim 1919 tarihine kadar davan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine ara verilmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131, 7 ay s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Daval\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta 7 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fmu\u015f, daha sonraki duru\u015fmalarda daval\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 12\u2019ye \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve h\u00fck\u00fcm 12 ki\u015fiye okunmu\u015ftur. Parti sorumlu sekreterleri hakk\u0131nda verilen h\u00fckme istinaden, san\u0131klardan Kastamonu sorumlu sekreteri Hasan Fehmi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ahaliyi s\u00fcrekli olarak Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015fahsi inisiyatifiyle valiyi g\u00f6revinden azletti\u011fi, Ermenilere ait mallar\u0131 zimmetine ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi, kendisi taraf\u0131ndan tayin edilen yeni vali Atif\u2019le birlikte Ermenilerin tehcirini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in 10 y\u0131l k\u00fcrek cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Mahkeme h\u00fckm\u00fcne istinaden, Bolu Ermenilerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n az olmas\u0131na ve kanuna g\u00f6re tehcire tabi olmamalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, san\u0131klardan eski Bolu sorumlu sekreteri Mithat, halk\u0131 \u201cErmenileri istemiyoruz\u201d diyerek g\u00f6steri yapmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonra, yukar\u0131da ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan, tehcire kar\u015f\u0131 duran Bolu vali yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Ali Hilmi Bey de g\u00f6revinden azledilmi\u015ftir. Bu su\u00e7lardan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc, Bolu sorumlu sekreteri Mithat da mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan 10 y\u0131l k\u00fcrek cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. San\u0131klardan Edirne delegesi Abdulgani, dava h\u00fckm\u00fcne istinaden, tehcir eylemi \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck etki etmi\u015f, silahl\u0131 \u00e7etelerle her yeri dola\u015fm\u0131\u015f, Ermenilerin maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131na el koyarak b\u00fcy\u00fck zenginlik elde etmi\u015ftir. Dava h\u00fckm\u00fcnde belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere, ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en san\u0131\u011f\u0131n Edirne\u2019deki tehcirin bir gece i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve sadece bir Ermeni kafilesi g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen mahkeme, Edirne\u2019ye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvuru sonucunda, Edirne Ermenilerinin \u00fc\u00e7 kafile halinde tehcir edilerek Der-Zor\u2019a g\u00f6nderildikleri bilgisine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Edirne tehciri davas\u0131 d\u00e2hilinde de Abdulgani\u2019ye ayn\u0131 su\u00e7lamayla dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 mahkeme, san\u0131k hakk\u0131ndaki h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc bu davan\u0131n karar\u0131na g\u00f6re vermeye karar vermi\u015ftir. Sorumlu sekreterlerle ilgili dava h\u00fckm\u00fcne istinaden, san\u0131klardan Manisa sorumlu sekreteri Avni Bey, baz\u0131 ki\u015fileri gayrihukuki olarak hapsetmekten dolay\u0131 9 ay hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Di\u011fer san\u0131klar mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan beraat ettirilir.<\/p>\n

Ermeni katliamlar\u0131 tertip\u00e7ilerinin sorumlulu\u011fu sorunu, \u0130stanbul divan-\u0131 harp mahkemelerinde, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerine g\u00f6re de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ana davalar da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere, Ermeni tehciri ve katliamlar\u0131 su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla yakla\u015f\u0131k 63 ayr\u0131 dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ermeni tehciri ve taktili su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fclen yarg\u0131lamalar aras\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle, Ermenilerin s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve yok edilmesinin h\u00fck\u00fcmetten talimat alm\u0131\u015f yerel y\u00f6neticiler taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenip, koordine edilmesiyle ilgili yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcresince en \u00e7ok ifadenin ve kan\u0131tlar\u0131n sunulmu\u015f oldu\u011fu, ilk g\u00f6r\u00fclen Yozgat ve Trabzon davalar\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Bunun haricinde, bu davalar esnas\u0131nda ifade vermi\u015f olan tan\u0131klar, b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda T\u00fcrkler ve di\u011fer milletlere ait M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar olup, T\u00fcrk tarih\u00e7i ve diplomat Bil\u00e2l \u015eim\u015fir ve T\u00fcrk resmi tarihi temsilcisi Ferudun Ata\u2019n\u0131n belirtmi\u015f oldu\u011fu gibi \u201csadece Ermeniler\u201d olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dahas\u0131, Trabzon davas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda san\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 ifade vermi\u015f olan ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda, Van eski valisi Naz\u0131m, Erzurum eski valisi Tahsin, bahriye naz\u0131r\u0131 Avni, adliye m\u00fcfetti\u015fi Kenan, Trabzon ve Lazistan ordular\u0131 kurmay ba\u015fkan\u0131 Albay Muhtar, Te\u011fmen Ahmet ve benzer \u015fahsiyetler bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkedeki siyasi atmosfer de yarg\u0131lamalar esnas\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir. Art\u0131k esasen milliyet\u00e7ilerden olu\u015fan son Osmanl\u0131 meclisinin mebuslar\u0131 tarafindan 20 \u015eubat 1920 tarihinde, Ermeni katliamlar\u0131 sorumlular\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hayli tutarl\u0131 bir yol izleyen ba\u015fbakan Damat Ferit Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zel divana verilmesi istemiyle hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Damat Ferit, Kemalistlerin bask\u0131lar\u0131 neticesinde, 17 Ekim 1920 tarihinde istifas\u0131n\u0131 sunmaya mecbur olur. Yerine, Kemalistlere kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcspet yakla\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7inde olan Tevfik Pa\u015fa getirilir. Tevfik Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresinde, 8 Kas\u0131m 1920 tarihinde, Bayburt h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc vermi\u015f olan h\u00e2kimler tutuklan\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n h\u00e2len askeri, i\u00e7i\u015fleri ve adalet bakanl\u0131klar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6revlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren ittihat\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan, divan-\u0131 harp h\u00e2kimleri ile mahkemede tan\u0131k olarak ifade vermi\u015f olan \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n s\u00fcrekli olarak tehdit edilmi\u015f olduklar\u0131, fakat hakimlerin tutuklanmas\u0131 olay\u0131n\u0131n emsalinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek gerekir. Behramzade Nusret\u2019i idam cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131rmaktan dolay\u0131 bu h\u00e2kimlere kar\u015f\u0131 ceza davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. 2 \u015eubat 1921 tarihinde h\u00e2kim Nemrut Mustafa Pa\u015fa 7, mahkeme \u00fcyelerinden Recep Pa\u015fa ve Recep Bey 5\u2019er, Fettah Bey ise 3 ay hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ermenilerin imha edilmesi nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lan topu-topu 3 caniden 2\u2019si olan Mehmet Kemal ve Behramzade Nusret, Kemalistler taraf\u0131ndan kahraman ilan edilir. Behramzade Nusret\u2019in idam edildi\u011fi g\u00fcn olan 5 A\u011fustos 1920 tarihinde Ankara Meclisi, bir sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterisi olarak oturumuna 10 dakika ara verir. Ayn\u0131 Ankara Meclisi 9 Aral\u0131k 1920 tarihinde kabul edilen bir kararla, Kemal\u2019in ailesine maa\u015f ba\u011flar ve ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n 25 Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Behramzade Nusret\u2019in ailesine de maa\u015f ba\u011flanmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak belirtmek gerekirse, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n davalar\u0131 belgeleri, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olgusunu ispat eden ink\u00e2r edilemez kan\u0131tlar i\u00e7ermekte olup, Ermeni katliamlar\u0131n\u0131n taamm\u00fct (kas\u0131t) olgusunu tasdik etmektedir. Bu dava belgelerinden her birinin, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Adalet ve \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri bakanl\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 yetkili g\u00f6revliler taraf\u0131ndan incelenerek ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi tasdik edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, onlara \u00f6zel bir \u00f6nem atfetmektedir. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, bu davalar, tarihi olmaktan \u00f6teye, hukuksal a\u00e7\u0131dan da son derece de\u011ferli kaynak \u00f6zelli\u011findedir. T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00fcyelerinin, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan hemen sonra, sava\u015f esnas\u0131nda Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ameliyeleri telin eden bir duru\u015f sergileyip, \u201c\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyduklar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 davalar, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu kanunlar\u0131na istinaden g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmakla birlikte, uluslar aras\u0131 hukukla ilgili \u00f6nemli normlar\u0131n \u015fekillenmesine de katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Meline Anumyan \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, Ermenileri imha etme konusundaki siyasetleri, 1919-1921 tarihlerinde ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc askeri mahkemelerde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olan 60\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerindeki dava sonucunda kabul edilen kararlar sayesinde Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan resmi olarak telin edilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcm bu davalar, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda Ermenilerin tehciri ve taktili (kitlesel katliamlar) su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi ve h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00fcyeleri, Nisan-Temmuz 1919 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[72,44,1,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-belge","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n Yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mahkeme Belgelerinde (1919-1921) Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Ger\u00e7e\u011fi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=31424\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n Yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mahkeme Belgelerinde (1919-1921) Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Ger\u00e7e\u011fi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Meline Anumyan \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, Ermenileri imha etme konusundaki siyasetleri, 1919-1921 tarihlerinde ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc askeri mahkemelerde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olan 60\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerindeki dava sonucunda kabul edilen kararlar sayesinde Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan resmi olarak telin edilmi\u015ftir. 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