{"id":2851,"date":"2010-11-15T08:52:14","date_gmt":"2010-11-15T13:52:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=2851"},"modified":"2012-05-25T05:55:29","modified_gmt":"2012-05-25T10:55:29","slug":"dersim-eremenileri-etnografyasi-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=2851","title":{"rendered":"Dersim Ermenileri etnografyas\u0131 – 3"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gevorg\u00a0 Hala\u00e7yan<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Miraklar, Miraklar\u0131n, Mirakyanlar, A\u015fire-Miraki ve hatta k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hali ile Mirolar soyad\u0131 sadece Dersim’de de\u011fil Erzurum, Tercan, Erzincan, Bayburt, Harput, Malatya, Sivas, Diyarbak\u0131r b\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7oktan beri bilinir. Milli karekterini korumu\u015f, kimi yerde Ermenice, kimi yerde K\u00fcrtce konu\u015fan, geleneklerini muhafaza eden bu soy hakk\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok \u015fey duyulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Mirakyanlar\u0131n ad\u0131 \u00fczerine anlat\u0131lan kahramanl\u0131k, sava\u015fkanl\u0131k, cesaret, k\u00f6t\u00fcy\u00fc cezaland\u0131rma, iyiyi koruma, namus i\u00e7in can verme hikayeleri efsane gibi anlat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131 ama hepsi gercektiler.<\/p>\n

Gercektende Mirakyan diye bir soy varm\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Evet Dersimin baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde Mirakyan diye an\u0131lan baz\u0131 Ermeniler ya\u015famaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mirakyan soyad\u0131 ile biri birinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z, biri birinden habersiz bir dizi k\u00f6yde ya\u015famalar\u0131 bunun kan\u0131t\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 seyahlar, notalar\u0131ndan dolayl\u0131 olarak Mirakyan’lardan bahsederler. Bazan Ermeni bas\u0131n\u0131nda da bu kahraman soya dair dolayl\u0131 de\u011finmelere raslan\u0131r.\u00a0 A. B. D’de, Fransa’da, M\u0131s\u0131r’da, Sovyet Ermenistan’\u0131nda Mirakyan soyad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yanlara rastlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ancak soyun do\u011fu\u015funa, Mirakyan’lar\u0131n k\u00f6kenine, da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na veya say\u0131s\u0131na dair somut bir bilgiye ula\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bunlardan her biri, ya\u015fam alan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, k\u00f6y\u00fc ve atas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bildiklerinide beraberinde g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, soyad\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya sar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ama ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan soyda\u015flar\u0131ndan bihaber kalm\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n

\u201cMirakyan’lar\u0131n atas\u0131 kimdir?\u201dsorusuna herbiri “dedemin dedesinin b\u00fcy\u00fck dedesi Mirak”diye cevap veriyor. “Sizin s\u00fclalenin ba\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nderi kim?\u201ddedem”<\/p>\n

Sadece Dersim’de de\u011fil, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda rastl\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z Mirakyan’lar\u0131n da verece\u011fi cevap budur.<\/p>\n

Soy atas\u0131 olmayan soy, a\u015firet reisi olmayan a\u015firet, iyide kim y\u00f6netiyor bu gurubu.<\/p>\n

Mirakyanlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 inkar edilemez. Bu ad alt\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131, yerel kaynaklara g\u00f6re sekiz bine ula\u015f\u0131yordu, bu da inkar edilemez, cesursava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lard\u0131 ve bir dizi a\u015firet sayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kazanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131, Ancak heryerde ve \u00f6zellikle Dersim’de darmada\u011f\u0131n olan, ancak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de\u011fin kimli\u011fini koruyan bu soyun, bunu ne \u015fekilde ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirsizli\u011fini korumakta.<\/p>\n

Mirakyanlar\u0131n yanl\u0131z veya K\u00fcrtlerle bir arada ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 her k\u00f6y, kendi i\u00e7inde \u00f6nderlerini bulmaktayd\u0131. Ayni k\u00f6y\u00fcn Miraklar\u0131n dedesi, veya her k\u00f6y ve b\u00f6lge esas Mirak’\u0131n kendisi oldu\u011funu san\u0131yordu. K\u00fcrt veya Ermeni olsun, herkes Miraklar\u0131n cok eski, Dersim kadar eski bir soy oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. Ama Mirak’\u0131n kim oldu\u011fu belirsizdi.<\/p>\n

Yerli halk\u0131n alg\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re her sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 Ermeni Mirak’t\u0131. Namusunu, vatan\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in k\u0131l\u0131c \u00e7eken, silah ku\u015fanan, att\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurana Mirak denirdi.\u00a0 Miark, bile\u011fi b\u00fck\u00fclmez Der ohan’d\u0131.<\/p>\n

Var olan Mirak soyunu biri birine ba\u011flayan en kuvetli soyad\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bir \u015fekilde Ermenili\u011fi inkar etti\u011finde, soyad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131ma hakk\u0131n\u0131da yitiriyordun. Seyit Munzur aslen Mirak’t\u0131r. Daha sonralar\u0131 alevi piri oldu\u011funda, soyad\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaktanda kac\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dersim’in muhtelif b\u00f6lgelerinde ya\u015fayan Miraklar’\u0131n habersiz ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftik. An\u00e7ak sava\u015flarda, da\u011fdan da\u011fa havar\u0131n ca\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 duyuldu\u011funda, Miraklarla sava\u015fan a\u015firetin ad\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yeri duyuldu\u011funda, Dersim’in d\u00f6rt yan\u0131ndan guruplar belirmekte, d\u00fc\u015fmana sald\u0131rmaktayd\u0131lar. Durum ortak d\u00fc\u015fman T\u011frklere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015flarda dei\u015fmekteydi.\u00a0 Bu durumda herkes b\u00f6lgesinin a\u015fireti ile kat\u0131lmaktayd\u0131 sava\u015fa, Mirak olarak de\u011fil, a\u015firetin bir bireyi olarak. Bir i\u00e7 te\u015fkilatlanma olmadan, bu soyun evlatlar\u0131 ancak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde var olabiliyordu.<\/p>\n

1-Soyun birli\u011finin parolas\u0131 soyad\u0131 idi “ben Ermeni Mirak’\u0131m”soy bilin\u00e7inin en \u00fcst tan\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

2-T\u00fcm Miraklar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar elveri\u015fsiz da\u011f etekleriydi, do\u011fal kalelerdi<\/p>\n

3-Etnik gelenek miras\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kac\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131, zira hepsinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u015fekli anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131, vatan severlikleri, silah tutkusu ayn\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

4-T\u00fcm Mirak’lar i\u00e7in oca\u011f\u0131n kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131, namus i\u00e7in kendini feda etme anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tutma ilkesi, vatan hayinini afetmeme iradesi, oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunan d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 afetme, kad\u0131na, \u00e7ocu\u011fa silah \u00e7ekmeme gibi yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmayan kurallar kutsal say\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Der ovan k\u00f6y\u00fc, Mirakyanlar soyunun do\u011fdu\u011fu yer de\u011fil ise de, \u015furas\u0131 mutlakt\u0131r ki bu k\u00f6y yo\u011fun Ermeni nufusu olan bir yerle\u015fim birimi idi.\u00a0 K\u00f6y\u00fcn kuzey do\u011fusundaki vadide b\u00fcy\u00fck bir manast\u0131r\u0131n harebeleri vard\u0131. Y\u00f6re kure\u015fan ve alan a\u015firetleri taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netiliyordu. K\u00f6y\u00fcn K\u00fcrt sakinleri k\u00f6klerini asla inkar etmiyorlard\u0131. A\u011fucanlar oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n piri, Dervi\u015f G\u00fclabinin torunu Seyit Ali, gururla anlat\u0131yordu oca\u011f\u0131n kurucusu, Diramayr (Meryemana) manast\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f rahibi Der ovan’\u0131 Seyit Ali taraf\u0131ndan kalma ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kutsall\u0131kla manast\u0131r y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki bir ma\u011farada saklanan hamayillerin, g\u00fcnl\u00fck dualar\u0131n, muhtelif ceylan derisi el yazmalar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 asla gizlemezdi. “Bu el yazmalar\u0131na bir g\u00f6z atamazm\u0131y\u0131m”? diye sordu\u011fumda.\u00a0<\/p>\n

“Hay\u0131r b\u0131kko (evlat), o el yazmalar\u0131 ve kitaplar dedem dervi\u015f G\u00fclabi taraf\u0131ndan saklanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ne babam\u0131n, nede benim hakk\u0131m var o kutsall\u0131klara el s\u00fcrmeye. Babam Seyit Demen (der Manuel) olsun, ben olay\u0131m, o kutsal emanetlerin emanetcisiyiz.<\/p>\n

Atalar\u0131m\u0131zdan devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu g\u00f6revi evlatlar\u0131m\u0131za devredece\u011fiz.\u00a0 Bize vasiyet edilen g\u00f6rev, onlara el s\u00fcrmememizi, kimseye g\u00f6stemememizi, oca\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck erkek evlad\u0131ndan ba\u015fkas\u0131na yerini g\u00f6stermememizdir.<\/p>\n

“\u0130yide sakland\u0131klar\u0131 veya g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fckleri yerde \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcme, yok olma riski yokmu?”<\/p>\n

“Her kitap ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 me\u015fine sar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, sonrada o me\u015fin paketleri keci postundan tulumlara konmu\u015f, me\u015fe kerestesinden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sand\u0131k i\u00e7indedir”<\/p>\n

\u201cZaman\u0131nda der ovan’dan g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Ermenilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n daha sonralar\u0131 do\u011fduklar\u0131 yerlere geri geldikleri, ama sizin veya sizin y\u00f6netiminizdeki halk\u0131n onlar\u0131 rededdi\u011fi, topraklar\u0131n\u0131 geri vermedi\u011fi burada ya\u015famalar\u0131na izin vermedi\u011fi, bu sebelede siz ve geri gelenler aras\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n hatta kavgalar\u0131n oldu\u011fu do\u011frumu?”<\/p>\n

\u201cHepside do\u011fru. Babam Seyit Demenve yerli halk, K\u00fcrt olsun, Ermeni olsun topluca redettiler yeni gelenlerin taleplerini ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131m\u0131zdan kovdular. Zira geleneksel olarak bize \u00f6\u011fretildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, o\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 terk eden, tehlike an\u0131nda baba oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmas\u0131z b\u0131rakan, kacan, toplumun b\u00fct\u00fcn haklar\u0131ndan mahrum olur. Toplum tehlike kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda iken, niye terk edip uzakla\u015ft\u0131lar? Gidenler bizim g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczde bizim k\u00f6yl\u00fcler de\u011fillerdir art\u0131k, olsa olsa yeni gelenler veya yabanc\u0131lar”.<\/p>\n

\u201cAnla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki siz oca\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve geleneklerin uygulay\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nderi olarak, sizden \u00f6ncekilerden kalm\u0131\u015f olan her \u015feyi, topra\u011f\u0131, meralar\u0131, evleri, orman, hatta kitaplar\u0131 kendi mal\u0131n\u0131z saymaktas\u0131n\u0131z. Uzakla\u015fanlar\u0131n kendi paylar\u0131n\u0131 almalar\u0131na izin vermiyorsunuz. B\u00f6ylece, bu k\u00f6yden uzakla\u015fanlar Ermenilerdir, ve siz geri d\u00f6nmek isteyen Ermenilere hi\u00e7 de\u011filse atalar\u0131ndan kitaplara bile sahip olmalar\u0131na izin vermiyorsunuz.\u00a0 \u00dcstelik o kitaplar Ermeni\u00e7edir ve kalan Ermenilere aiittir.”<\/p>\n

\u201cDedi\u011fim gibi, bunlar\u0131n hepsi, do\u011fdu\u011fu yerden ayr\u0131lmayan halka aiittir. Kitaplar o\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131na teslim edilmi\u015f emanetlerdir ve oradan oraya ta\u015f\u0131nacak \u015feyler de\u011fildir.\u00a0 Olduklar\u0131 yerde kal\u0131rlar ve bu oca\u011f\u0131n varisleri taraf\u0131ndan korunurlar. Burada kimin nas\u0131l anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi yok. \u00d6rne\u011fin benim rahmetli babam\u0131 K\u00fcrtler Seyit Demen diye anarlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ermeniler ise Der manuel bu durum gerce\u011fi asla de\u011fi\u015ftirmez. Aslolan o ki, oca\u011f\u0131n sahibi Seyit Demen’dir ve bende onun varisi Seyit Ali’yim.\u00a0 Siz Ermeniler din adamlar\u0131n\u0131za Derder diyorsunuz, biz aleviler ise Dede. O\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sahibi, toplumu y\u00f6neten Derder diyemi an\u0131l\u0131yor yoksa dede diyemi, ne \u00f6nemi var?\u201d Aslolan ben ve benim tebaam o\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 terk etmedik.”<\/p>\n

Dersim Eremenileri etnografyas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni bilimler Akademisi Yay\u0131n\u0131, Yerevan, 1973. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7eviren Miran P\u0131rgic G\u00fcltekin \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

S. 252 \u2013 254:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gevorg\u00a0 Hala\u00e7yan \u00a0 Miraklar, Miraklar\u0131n, Mirakyanlar, A\u015fire-Miraki ve hatta k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hali ile Mirolar soyad\u0131 sadece Dersim’de de\u011fil Erzurum, Tercan, Erzincan, Bayburt, Harput, Malatya, Sivas, Diyarbak\u0131r b\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7oktan beri bilinir. Milli karekterini korumu\u015f, kimi yerde Ermenice, kimi yerde K\u00fcrtce konu\u015fan, geleneklerini muhafaza eden bu soy hakk\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok \u015fey duyulmu\u015ftur. Mirakyanlar\u0131n ad\u0131 \u00fczerine anlat\u0131lan kahramanl\u0131k, sava\u015fkanl\u0131k, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,22,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenileri","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenistan","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\nDersim Ermenileri etnografyas\u0131 - 3 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=2851\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dersim Ermenileri etnografyas\u0131 - 3 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gevorg\u00a0 Hala\u00e7yan \u00a0 Miraklar, Miraklar\u0131n, Mirakyanlar, A\u015fire-Miraki ve hatta k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hali ile Mirolar soyad\u0131 sadece Dersim’de de\u011fil Erzurum, Tercan, Erzincan, Bayburt, Harput, Malatya, Sivas, Diyarbak\u0131r b\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7oktan beri bilinir. Milli karekterini korumu\u015f, kimi yerde Ermenice, kimi yerde K\u00fcrtce konu\u015fan, geleneklerini muhafaza eden bu soy hakk\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok \u015fey duyulmu\u015ftur. 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Mirakyanlar\u0131n ad\u0131 \u00fczerine anlat\u0131lan kahramanl\u0131k, sava\u015fkanl\u0131k, […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=2851","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2010-11-15T13:52:14+00:00","article_modified_time":"2012-05-25T10:55:29+00:00","author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=2851","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=2851","name":"Dersim Ermenileri etnografyas\u0131 - 3 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2010-11-15T13:52:14+00:00","dateModified":"2012-05-25T10:55:29+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=2851#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=2851"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=2851#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Dersim Ermenileri etnografyas\u0131 – 3"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/","name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e","name":"admin","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?author=7"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2851","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2851"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2851\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15312,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2851\/revisions\/15312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}