\u00a0Askeri kamplar\u0131n (s\u0131\u011fnakhlar\u0131n) d\u00fczenlenmesi<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0130ran\u2019da h\u00e2s\u0131l olan siyasi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131ktan istifade eden da\u011fl\u0131 Lezgiler, \u015eirvan (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Azerbaycan b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan eski bir sultanl\u0131k-\u00e7ev. notu) ve Artsakh\u2019taki (Karaba\u011f-\u00e7ev. notu) yerle\u015fim yerlerine sald\u0131r\u0131r. Artsakh\u2019\u0131n melikleri, bu sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 koyabilmek i\u00e7in birle\u015fir. Artsakh\u2019\u0131n Ermeni halk\u0131, Rus ilerleyi\u015fi haberleriyle \u00fcmitlenerek, askeri destek elde edilmesi halinde yabanc\u0131 boyunduru\u011funu tamamen \u00fczerlerinden atmaya haz\u0131rd\u0131. Askeri konularda uzman organizat\u00f6rler Avan ve Tarkhan y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131lar, kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine destek verebilmek amac\u0131yla \u015eirvan\u2019\u0131n Ermeni yerle\u015fimlerinden Artsakh\u2019a gelir. Artsakh Ermenilerini m\u00fccadeleye te\u015fvik eden ve meliklikleri birle\u015ftiren, Gandzasar Ermenilerinin katolikosu Yesayi Hasan-Calalyan olmu\u015ftur. Artsakh\u2019ta savunma surlar\u0131, s\u0131\u011fnakhlar d\u00fczenlenir. Bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde en \u00fcnl\u00fcleri G\u00fclistan, \u015eo\u015f (\u015eu\u015fi), Avetaranots, Craberd ve Karaglukh s\u0131\u011fnakhlar\u0131d\u0131r. Ermenilerin bu g\u00fc\u00e7leri, savunman\u0131n haricinde sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmeye muktedirdi. Bu durum, Ermeni devletinin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonraki uzun zaman dilimi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir husustu.<\/p>\n
Rus ordular\u0131n\u0131n 1722 Hazar ak\u0131n\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n
I. Piyotr, hen\u00fcz kuzey sava\u015f\u0131 esnas\u0131nda, \u0130ran\u2019da ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda vuku bulan olaylar\u0131 dikkatle takip etmekteydi. 1715 y\u0131l\u0131nda, A. Volinski ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130ran\u2019a yeni bir el\u00e7ilik g\u00f6nderir. Volinski\u2019ye, \u00fclkede s\u00fcregelen durumu ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ve Pers egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda bulunan halklar hakk\u0131nda veri toplama talimat\u0131 verilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
\u0130srayel Ori\u2019nin Rusya\u2019daki faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren rahip Minas Tigranyan, Ermeni halk\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi elde etmek i\u00e7in Ermenistan\u2019a yollan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
XVIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde \u0130ran\u2019da durum k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmeye ba\u015flar. \u0130\u00e7inde Ermenilerin de bulundu\u011fu, Pers boyunduru\u011fu alt\u0131nda bulunan halklar Pers egemenli\u011finden kurtulmak i\u00e7in uygun bir f\u0131rsat beklemekteydi. Silah zoruyla itaat alt\u0131nda tutma denemeleri art\u0131k ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7lan\u0131yordu. Pers egemenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 en faal m\u00fccadeleyi y\u00fcr\u00fcten Afganlar, 1722 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fkent \u0130sfahan\u2019\u0131 ku\u015fat\u0131p, ele ge\u00e7irmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r.<\/p>\n
I. Pyotr, kuzeydeki sava\u015f\u0131n sona ermesinden hemen sonra Hazar Denizi\u2019nin bat\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmeye ba\u015flar. I. Pyotr, \u0130ran \u015fah\u0131n\u0131 isyanc\u0131lardan korumak bahanesiyle 1722 y\u0131l\u0131nda Transkafkasya\u2019ya bir ak\u0131n d\u00fczenler. Lakin I. Pyotr, Derbend\u2019i ele ge\u00e7irdikten sonra, ani bir \u015fekilde Astrakhan\u2019a d\u00f6n\u00fcp, ordular\u0131n, Hazar Denizi\u2019nin g\u00fcney k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na ilerlemesini ertesi y\u0131la b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcrcistan kral\u0131 VI. Vakhtang, \u0130ran\u2019da ba\u015flayan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar esnas\u0131nda, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu niyetiyle isyan haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Rusya\u2019dan destek elde etmek i\u00e7in I. Pyotr ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yapmaktayd\u0131. I. Pyotr, Rus ordular\u0131n\u0131n Transkafkasya\u2019ya ak\u0131n\u0131yla ilgili kendisine bilgi vermi\u015f ve G\u00fcrcistan\u2019a yard\u0131m vaat etmi\u015fti. VI. Vakhtang ise bu konuda Artsakh\u2019\u0131n Ermeni kurtulu\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerine haber verip, Pers boyunduru\u011funa kar\u015f\u0131 ortak kar\u015f\u0131 koyma \u00f6nerisi sunmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Ermeni kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesi liderleri, h\u00e2s\u0131l olan \u015fartlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ilgisiz kalamazd\u0131. Davit Beg, kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesini d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in, Ermeni g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerden olu\u015fan birli\u011fiyle G\u00fcrcistan\u2019dan S\u00fcnik\u2019e gider. Artsakh\u2019ta, melikler on iki bin ki\u015filik bir ordu toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Melikler, Gandzasar katolikosu Yesayi Hasan-Celalyan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131yla yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 bin ki\u015filik ortak orduyla Gandzak yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bulunan \u00c7olak b\u00f6lgesine gider. Bu ordu, VI. Vakhtang\u2019\u0131n ordusuyla birlikte, I. Pyotr\u2019\u0131n ordular\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fini bekleyecekti.<\/p>\n
Yakla\u015f\u0131k iki ay bekledikten sonra, 1722 sonbahar\u0131nda, I. Pyotr\u2019\u0131n Derbent\u2019ten d\u00f6n\u00fcp ak\u0131n\u0131 ertelemi\u015f oldu\u011fu haberi ula\u015f\u0131r. G\u00fcrc\u00fc ordusu Tiflis\u2019e d\u00f6ner. Ermeni g\u00fc\u00e7leri evlerine d\u00f6nerek, Artsakh\u2019\u0131n savunmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeye giri\u015firler.<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Transkafkasya\u2019ya sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ve 1724 Rus-Osmanl\u0131 antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n
Pers devletinin zay\u0131flamas\u0131, Ruslar\u0131n Transkafkasya\u2019ya ak\u0131n\u0131 ve Afganlar\u0131n \u0130sfahan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgali, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n ezeli d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 Osmanl\u0131lar i\u00e7in uygun bir f\u0131rsat olup, hemen \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerini ve Transkafkasya\u2019y\u0131 i\u015fgal etmeye giri\u015firler. Osmanl\u0131lar, kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131ndan rahats\u0131zl\u0131k duyup, Ermeni ve G\u00fcrc\u00fc halklar\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f hareketlerini bast\u0131rma, ayn\u0131 zamanda, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Transkafkasya\u2019daki etkisinin g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi ile bu b\u00f6lgeleri etkisi alt\u0131na almas\u0131n\u0131 engelleme niyetindeydi.<\/p>\n
1723 Haziran\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 ordusu Tiflis\u2019e sald\u0131r\u0131r, \u015fehri ele ge\u00e7irerek Gandzak \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcr. VI. Vakhtang Tiflis\u2019i terk edip, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kafileyle Rusya\u2019ya ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
Ertesi y\u0131l, Do\u011fu Ermenistan ve At\u0131rpatakan\u2019a (\u0130ran Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131-\u00e7ev. notu) sald\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla Karin\u2019de (Erzurum-\u00e7ev. notu) yeni bir Osmanl\u0131 ordusu toplan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Transkafkasya ve \u0130ran i\u00e7in m\u00fccadeleye soyunmu\u015f olan Rusya ve Osmanl\u0131 devleti aras\u0131ndaki rekabet, yeni bir Rus-Osmanl\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilirdi. \u0130ki taraf da bundan ka\u00e7\u0131nmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Uzun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler neticesinde nihayet 12 Haziran 1724\u2019te Konstantinopel\u2019de, aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi d\u00fczenleyecek olan bir antla\u015fma imzalarlar.<\/p>\n
Bu antla\u015fmaya istinaden Osmanl\u0131lar, Hazar \u00e7evresindeki b\u00f6lgelerin Rusya\u2019ya ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131r, Ruslar ise \u015eamakh\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda kalan topraklar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131r. Rus komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, bu antla\u015fmadan sonra art\u0131k Ermeni kurtulu\u015f hareketi g\u00fc\u00e7lerine yard\u0131ma gelmeye imk\u00e2n\u0131 kalmaz. Antla\u015fman\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131, Transkafkasya\u2019da geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 bir sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenleyebilmek i\u00e7in Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n ellerini serbest b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yerevan\u2019\u0131n 1724 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki kahramanca savunmas\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n
1724 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 ordusu Ararat (A\u011fr\u0131-\u00e7ev. notu) Ovas\u0131\u2019na sald\u0131r\u0131r. Karbi K\u00f6y\u00fc sakinleri 40 g\u00fcn boyunca Osmanl\u0131 ordusuna kar\u015f\u0131 koyar ve ancak d\u00fc\u015fman ordusunun Karbi\u2019ye girmeyece\u011fi \u015fart\u0131yla silah b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n Haziran ay\u0131nda Yerevan \u015fehri ku\u015fat\u0131l\u0131r. Yerevan\u2019\u0131n savunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fehirlilerin haricinde, \u00e7evredeki Ermeni k\u00f6ylerinin sakinleri de aya\u011fa kalkar. Yerevan, askeri garnizona d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u015eehri savunan Ermeni g\u00fc\u00e7leri b\u00f6l\u00fcklere ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Her bir b\u00f6l\u00fck kendi b\u00f6lgesi ve komutan\u0131na sahipti.<\/p>\n
Rakip taraf\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011framaktayd\u0131. Padi\u015fah\u0131n emriyle, Gandzak y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ilerleyen Osmanl\u0131 ordusu da Yerevan\u2019a getirilir. D\u00fc\u015fman kuvvetleri ikiye katlan\u0131r. Ermeniler, rakip taraf\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kahramanca direnerek, b\u00fcy\u00fck zayiata sebep olur. Yerevan savunmas\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 ay s\u00fcrer. G\u0131da ve cephane eksikli\u011finden dolay\u0131 \u015fehir kar\u015f\u0131 koyma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kaybeder. Yerevan han\u0131, Osmanl\u0131larla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yapmay\u0131 kabul eder. 26 Eyl\u00fcl 1724\u2019te, ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fehir teslim olur. Osmanl\u0131lar, ancak 20 bin asker kaybettikten sonra Yerevan\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmeye muvaffak olur.<\/p>\n
Yerevan savunmas\u0131, Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n S\u00fcnik ve Artsakh\u2019a y\u00f6nelik h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerlemesini durdurur.<\/p>\n
http:\/\/www.findarmenia.com\/arm\/history\/22\/386<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00a0Askeri kamplar\u0131n (s\u0131\u011fnakhlar\u0131n) d\u00fczenlenmesi \u0130ran\u2019da h\u00e2s\u0131l olan siyasi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131ktan istifade eden da\u011fl\u0131 Lezgiler, \u015eirvan (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Azerbaycan b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan eski bir sultanl\u0131k-\u00e7ev. notu) ve Artsakh\u2019taki (Karaba\u011f-\u00e7ev. notu) yerle\u015fim yerlerine sald\u0131r\u0131r. Artsakh\u2019\u0131n melikleri, bu sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 koyabilmek i\u00e7in birle\u015fir. Artsakh\u2019\u0131n Ermeni halk\u0131, Rus ilerleyi\u015fi haberleriyle \u00fcmitlenerek, askeri destek elde edilmesi halinde yabanc\u0131 boyunduru\u011funu tamamen \u00fczerlerinden atmaya haz\u0131rd\u0131. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ermenilerin-tarihi","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\n