{"id":19700,"date":"2012-11-02T02:45:47","date_gmt":"2012-11-02T07:45:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=19700"},"modified":"2012-11-02T02:46:09","modified_gmt":"2012-11-02T07:46:09","slug":"7-buyuk-tigran-doneminde-ermenistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=19700","title":{"rendered":"7. B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
M.\u00d6. 69 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n devleti<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

I. Arta\u015fes\u2019in halefleri olan I. Artavazd (M.\u00d6. 160-115) ve I. Tiran-Tigran\u2019\u0131n (M.\u00d6. 115-95) y\u00f6netim y\u0131llar\u0131 nispeten sakin ge\u00e7mi\u015f, olaylar ve sava\u015flar az olmu\u015ftur. Belki de tam bu y\u00fczden bu krallar\u0131n y\u00f6netim y\u0131llar\u0131yla ilgili veriler son derece k\u0131tt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Romal\u0131 tarih\u00e7i Hustinos\u2019a g\u00f6re, g\u00fc\u00e7lenen Part devletine kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen sava\u015fta Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n yenilmesi sonucunda, I. Tigran\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu veliaht Tigran rehin olarak Part kral\u0131 II. Mih\u0131rdat Ar\u015fakuni\u2019nin saray\u0131na yollan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Babas\u0131n\u0131n M.\u00d6. 95 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat\u0131yla II. Tigran, B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusundaki baz\u0131 topraklar\u0131 Part devleti lehine feragat ederek (\u201c70 vadiler\u201d), esaretten kurtulup, ata taht\u0131na oturur.<\/p>\n

Yetenekli diplomat, devlet adam\u0131 ve asker II. B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n 40 y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00f6netim d\u00f6nemi (M.\u00d6. 95-55) Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n askeri-siyasi, ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f y\u00fckseli\u015finin ve Ermeni devletinin rol\u00fc ve itibar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseldi\u011fi y\u0131llard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, M.\u00d6. 94 y\u0131l\u0131nda Dsopk\u2019u birle\u015ftirir ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk tamamlan\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Roma ve Part devletlerinin ilerlemelerine kar\u015f\u0131 koyabilmek ve Ermenistan\u2019a y\u00f6nelik tehditlerini etkisiz k\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla M.\u00d6. 94 y\u0131l\u0131nda Pontos ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk kral\u0131 VI. Mihrdat Yevpator\u2019la askeri-siyasi bir ittifak kurar. Tigran, bu ittifak\u0131 per\u00e7inlemek amac\u0131yla Mihrdat\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Kleopatra\u2019y\u0131 kendisine e\u015f al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ermeni-Pontos ordular\u0131 M.\u00d6. 93 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kapadokya\u2019y\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irir. Roma\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fcdahalelerine kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrekli m\u00fccadele sonucunda b\u00f6lge VI. Mihrdat\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011finde kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, akabinde \u0130beria ve A\u011fvank\u2019\u0131 (Albania) ele ge\u00e7irip, kuzeyde s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama alarak Part devletine kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fa haz\u0131rlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. 89-84 y\u0131llar\u0131nda birinci Mihrdat sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekilmi\u015f olan, do\u011fu \u00fclkelerinin genel d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 Roma, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyemezdi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Arta\u015fesyan Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bayra\u011f\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, M.\u00d6. 87-85 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Part devletine kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sava\u015fta Ermeni Mezopotamyas\u0131\u2019n\u0131, Korduk \u201c\u00fclkelerini\u201d ve \u201c70 vadileri\u201d kurtar\u0131r, ard\u0131ndan Partlar\u0131 At\u0131rpatakan\u2019dan (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde g\u00fcney Azerbaycan olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan b\u00f6lge) ve kuzey Mezopotamya\u2019dan, Migdonia\u2019dan, Osroyene\u2019den (Yedesia, Urfa), Adiabene\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r ve bu \u00fclkeler B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a tabi ve m\u00fcttefik krall\u0131klar olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. Part Ar\u015fakuniler ise Ermeni kral\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul ederek, \u201ckrallar kral\u0131\u201d unvan\u0131n\u0131 kendisine terk etmeye mecbur olur.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, ba\u015fl\u0131ca rakibi olan Part devletini yendikten ve bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalad\u0131ktan sonra bu devleti belli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in uluslar aras\u0131 arenadan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tigran, ard\u0131ndan dikkatini g\u00fcneye y\u00f6neltir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u0131gran\u2019\u0131n Yunanca yaz\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f sikkeleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M.\u00d6. 84-83 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Kommagene\u2019yi, Kilikia\u2019y\u0131, Asorik\u2019i (Suriye), P\u00fcnikia\u2019y\u0131 (Finike, L\u00fcbnan), Filistin\u2019i ve Nabatea\u2019y\u0131 fetheder.<\/p>\n

Tigran, Asorik\u2019in ele ge\u00e7irmekle bir zamanlar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Selevkos devletini ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran M.\u00d6. 83 y\u0131l\u0131nda Selevkos\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Antiok\u2019ta (Antakya) Selevkos taht\u0131na oturur. B\u00f6ylelikle g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Ermenistan imparatorlu\u011fu kurulur.<\/p>\n

Tigran\u2019\u0131n \u00fclkesinde 15\u2019in \u00fczerinden dil konu\u015fulmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tigran, yeni kurulan Ermeni devletini kolayl\u0131kla y\u00f6netebilmek i\u00e7in bir dizi beylikler ve eyaletler kurarak, ba\u015flar\u0131na yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131n\u0131 ve sad\u0131k asilzadeleri getirir.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, \u00f6zellikle \u015fehircilik ve yol yap\u0131m\u0131 konusunda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 in\u015faat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n

Yeni devletinin yeni ba\u015fkenti olan Tigranakert\u2019i, A\u011fdznik b\u00f6lgesinde kurar ve mamur eder. Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n iki ba\u015fkentlerini birle\u015ftiren Arta\u015fat-Tigranakert \u201ckral yolunu\u201d yapt\u0131r\u0131r, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde Tigranakert ve Tigranavan ad\u0131nda ba\u015fka \u015fehirler de kurar. Helenistik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve ekonomisini, \u00f6zellikle zanaatlar\u0131 ve ticareti geli\u015ftirir, kendi resmi ile, Yunanca yaz\u0131l\u0131 paralar basar.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Yeni kurdu\u011fu \u015fehirlerin n\u00fcfusunu h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde artt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in fethetti\u011fi \u00fclkelerden \u00e7ok say\u0131da zanaatk\u00e2r ve ticaret erbab\u0131n\u0131 getirip buralara yerle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l in\u015fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, M.\u00d6. 74 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma ve Pontos aras\u0131nda patlak veren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Mihrdat sava\u015flar\u0131yla kesintiye u\u011frar.<\/p>\n

Roma, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 do\u011fudaki en tehlikeli ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 olarak ilan edip bir dizi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ayaklanma tertip ederek, B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n VI. Mihrdat\u2019a yar\u0131m etmesini engeller.<\/p>\n

Ermenistan kral\u0131n\u0131n iki o\u011flu s\u0131rayla kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklan\u0131r, fakat yenilerek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Roma\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fudaki ordular\u0131n\u0131n komutan\u0131 Lukios Lukullus, M.\u00d6. 71 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mihrdat\u2019\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131r. Mihrdat, ailesi ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da asilzade ile birlikte Ermenistan\u2019a s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Lukullus, onlar\u0131n teslim edilmesini talep eder, fakat Tigran bunu kesinlikle reddeder.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran M.\u00d6. 69 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Navatea ve Huda krall\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ayaklanmalar\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rmakla me\u015fgulken, bu durumdan faydalanan Lukullus, ordusunu Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerine s\u00fcrer ve ba\u015fkent Tigranakert\u2019i ku\u015fat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Artsakh\u2019ta (Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f) bulunan Tigranakert \u015fehrinde kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, Romal\u0131lar\u0131n Ermenistan\u2019a sald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberini Pt\u011fomayis \u015fehrinde al\u0131r. General Merujan y\u00f6netiminde 3000 ki\u015filik bir s\u00fcvari birli\u011fini Romal\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fczerine yollar, fakat bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck birlik Lukullus\u2019un ordusunu durdurmak i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildi. Merujan, yakla\u015f\u0131k on misli \u00fcst\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015fmanla sava\u015fa girer ve kahramanca \u015fehit olur. B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, 70\u00a0000 ki\u015filik ordusuyla d\u00fc\u015fman taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Tigranakert\u2019e var\u0131r ve burada da sava\u015fmaya karar verir. M.\u00d6. 6 Ekim 69 tarihinde yap\u0131lan Tigranakert sava\u015f\u0131nda Lukullus, Tigran\u2019\u0131 ma\u011flup etmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r ve ba\u015fkenti zapt eder, fakat Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 nihai olarak yenmeyi ba\u015faramaz.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. 68 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonbahar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Aradsani meydan sava\u015f\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, Lukullus\u2019u yenerek, Ermenistan\u2019dan kovar.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. 67 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Zela meydan muharebesinde Lukullus, Ermeni ordular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan nihai olarak yenilgiye u\u011frar ve Pontus\u2019ta da kovulur.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylelikle B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, sadece \u00fclkesinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden tesis etmekle kalmay\u0131p, Pontos taht\u0131n\u0131 da yeniden Mihrdat\u2019a teslim eder.<\/p>\n

Roma senatosu taraf\u0131ndan, Lukullus\u2019un yerine do\u011fu generali tayin edilen Gneos Pompeos, Mihrdat Yevpator\u2019u nihai olarak yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Part kral\u0131 III. Hrahat ile Roma bu esnada, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n veliahd\u0131 ve Dsopk\u2019un y\u00f6neticisi K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n liderli\u011finde, B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n arkas\u0131nda yeni bir ayaklanma tertip ederler. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Tigran M.\u00d6. 67 y\u0131l\u0131nda yenilerek Part \u00fclkesine ka\u00e7ar ve III. Hrahat\u2019\u0131n damad\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Tigranakert \u015fehri surlar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Tigran, M.\u00d6. 66 y\u0131l\u0131nda, ba\u015fkent Arta\u015fat\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek kral olmak niyetiyle Part ordusunun ba\u015f\u0131nda Ermenistan\u2019a girer. Lakin tekrar a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgi al\u0131r ve bu sefer Pomopeos\u2019a s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131r. Pompeos, M.\u00d6. 66 y\u0131l\u0131nda VI. Mihrdat\u2019\u0131 yenerek Kapadokya, Pontos ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irir ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n e\u015fli\u011finde B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a sald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devlet olan Roma ve Part devletinin sald\u0131r\u0131 tehdidi alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu hesaplayan B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, Pompeos\u2019la M.\u00d6. 66 y\u0131l\u0131nda Arta\u015fat\u2019ta bar\u0131\u015f imzalar ve ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131ndan feragat etmesine ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta sava\u015f vergisi vermesine ra\u011fmen B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korur.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran \u201ckrallar kral\u0131\u201d unvan\u0131n\u0131 da elinde tutar. Arta\u015fat antla\u015fmas\u0131yla Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 \u201cm\u00fcttefik ve dost\u201d \u00fclke olarak ilan eden Roma\u2019n\u0131n, do\u011fudaki temel amac\u0131 Part devletini ele ge\u00e7irmek olur.<\/p>\n

Roma\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu siyasetini dengelemek ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak amac\u0131yla B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran ve halefleri, kom\u015fu Part devletiyle yak\u0131nla\u015fma ve askeri-siyasi i\u015fbirli\u011fi siyaseti g\u00fcderler. Bu siyasete M.\u00d6. 64 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalanan Ermeni-Part antla\u015fmas\u0131yla ba\u015flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n y\u00f6netiminin son on y\u0131l\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7eviren: Diran Lokmag\u00f6zyan<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

http:\/\/hayenq.do.am\/index\/tigran_mec\/0-14<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

(Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar i\u00e7in buraya t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z: http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=350<\/a> )<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 I. Arta\u015fes\u2019in halefleri olan I. Artavazd (M.\u00d6. 160-115) ve I. Tiran-Tigran\u2019\u0131n (M.\u00d6. 115-95) y\u00f6netim y\u0131llar\u0131 nispeten sakin ge\u00e7mi\u015f, olaylar ve sava\u015flar az olmu\u015ftur. Belki de tam bu y\u00fczden bu krallar\u0131n y\u00f6netim y\u0131llar\u0131yla ilgili veriler son derece k\u0131tt\u0131r. Romal\u0131 tarih\u00e7i Hustinos\u2019a g\u00f6re, g\u00fc\u00e7lenen Part devletine kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen sava\u015fta Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n yenilmesi sonucunda, I. Tigran\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu veliaht […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":19702,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19700","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermenilerin-tarihi","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\n7. B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=19700\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"7. B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0 I. Arta\u015fes\u2019in halefleri olan I. Artavazd (M.\u00d6. 160-115) ve I. Tiran-Tigran\u2019\u0131n (M.\u00d6. 115-95) y\u00f6netim y\u0131llar\u0131 nispeten sakin ge\u00e7mi\u015f, olaylar ve sava\u015flar az olmu\u015ftur. Belki de tam bu y\u00fczden bu krallar\u0131n y\u00f6netim y\u0131llar\u0131yla ilgili veriler son derece k\u0131tt\u0131r. Romal\u0131 tarih\u00e7i Hustinos\u2019a g\u00f6re, g\u00fc\u00e7lenen Part devletine kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen sava\u015fta Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n yenilmesi sonucunda, I. 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