{"id":19313,"date":"2012-10-18T08:43:17","date_gmt":"2012-10-18T13:43:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=19313"},"modified":"2012-10-26T04:19:53","modified_gmt":"2012-10-26T09:19:53","slug":"yervanduniler-doneminde-ermenistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=19313","title":{"rendered":"5. Yervanduniler d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Yervanduniler d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Anlat\u0131lara g\u00f6re, Ninue\u2019nin ele ge\u00e7irilmesinde (M.\u00d6. 612) Ermenilerin \u00f6nderi Paruyr S\u0131kayordi, Marlara destek verir ve Marastan kral\u0131, kendisini Ermenistan kral\u0131 ilan eder.<\/p>\n

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Behistun Yaz\u0131tlar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Paruyr\u2019un akrabalar\u0131ndan olan Yervand Sakavakyats, yeni bir Ermeni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurar ve bu hanedanl\u0131k kendi ad\u0131yla Yervanduni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Van, h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00fclkenin ba\u015fkenti kal\u0131r ve ancak IV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015fkent Armavir \u015fehrine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Yervanduni Ermeni krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, eski Van krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019nu kaplamakta olup, Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n etnik s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na uymaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. VI.-V. y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131n Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 Yunan tarih\u00e7i Herodotos taraf\u0131ndan homojen bir \u015fekilde Ermenilerle kapl\u0131 ve \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0g\u00fcneydo\u011fuda K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Zav Nehri\u2019nin kaynaklar\u0131na ve Marastan\u2019a, g\u00fcneyde Adiabene\u2019ye (Asur), kuzeybat\u0131da Pontos\u2019a, bat\u0131da ise Kilikya\u2019ya kadar uzanan geni\u015f bir \u00fclke olarak sunulmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

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II. Yervand\u2019\u0131n resmiyle para<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk\u2019a muadil olan ve Yeprat\u2019\u0131n (F\u0131rat) bat\u0131s\u0131nda kalan Paktike, Herodotos taraf\u0131ndan Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak kabul edilmekte, di\u011fer bir s\u00f6yleyi\u015fle, Herodotos\u2019un bildi\u011fi Ermenistan, t\u00fcm Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019nu i\u00e7ermekteydi.<\/p>\n

Yervand Sakavakyats, Marastan\u2019\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul ederek, vergi \u00f6demeye, sava\u015f durumunda ise ordunun yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 vermeye mecbur olur. Yunan tarih\u00e7i Ksenofon\u2019un yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, Ermeniler 8.000 s\u00fcvari ve 40.000 piyadeye sahipti.<\/p>\n

Ermenistan, \u00f6nceki y\u00fczy\u0131llarda sa\u011flam temeller \u00fczerine konmu\u015f olan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, dini-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zerkli\u011fini ve canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tam manas\u0131yla korumaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yervand Sakavakyats, Marastan kral\u0131 Ajdahak\u2019a (M.\u00d6. 585-550) kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklanmaya te\u015febb\u00fcs eder, fakat Ajdahak\u2019\u0131n generali K\u00fcros, Ermeni kral\u0131n\u0131 kand\u0131rarak ailesiyle birlikte esir almay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcros\u2019un arkada\u015f\u0131 olan, Ermeni veliaht Tigran\u2019\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla anla\u015fma sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u0546\u0565\u0574\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569 \u056c\u0565\u057c\u0561\u0576 \u057e\u0580\u0561 \u0563\u057f\u0576\u057e\u0578\u0572 \u0561\u0580\u0571\u0561\u0576\u0561\u056d\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0562\u0568-Nemrut Da\u011f\u0131\u2019nda bulunan heykel grubu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Marastan\u2019\u0131n, \u00d6n Asya\u2019daki egemenli\u011fi uzun s\u00fcrmez. Pers Akemenik soyundan olan K\u00fcros, Ajdahak\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklan\u0131r. Ermenistan kral\u0131 Tigran (M.\u00d6. 560-530) Yervandyan da ona kat\u0131l\u0131r. Marastan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Ekbatan, Ermeni-Pers ortak ordusu taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131l\u0131r ve Ajdahak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

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Persepolis bareliyefinde bir Ermeni fig\u00fcr\u00fc (M.\u00d6. VI. y\u00fczy\u0131l)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck K\u00fcros, M. \u00d6. 550 y\u0131l\u0131nda, eski d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devletlerinden biri olan, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n m\u00fcttefiki Akemenik \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nu kurar.<\/p>\n

Ermeni kral\u0131 Tigran, M. \u00d6. 538 y\u0131l\u0131nda, K\u00fcros\u2019la birlikte Yeni Babil krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclkeler, M.\u00d6. 522-520 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Akemenik kral\u0131 I. Dareh\u2019e (M.\u00d6. 522-486) kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklan\u0131r. Bu ayaklanma ve verilen meydan sava\u015f\u0131yla ilgili kay\u0131tlar, Dareh\u2019in Behistun kayas\u0131 \u00fczerinde, \u00fc\u00e7 dilde yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dareh, ayaklanan \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 saymamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ordular\u0131 Ermenistan\u2019a da girmi\u015f ve en \u015fiddetli mukavemete burada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu durum, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n o zamana kadar ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyarak, Akemeniklere kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklanan \u00fclkelere destek dahi sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r. Ermeni Arakha\u2019n\u0131n kral ilan edildi\u011fi Babil dahi bu ayaklanmaya kat\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

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Yerz\u0131nka\u2019dan (Erzincan) bulunan g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f kupa (riton) (M.\u00d6. V. y\u00fczy\u0131l)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

T\u00fcm bunlar, Ermenilerin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc askeri-siyasi rollerini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Dareh, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerine Pers Vahumisa ve Ermeni Dadar\u015fi\u015f komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iki ordu g\u00f6nderir.<\/p>\n

Meydan sava\u015flar\u0131, ba\u015fl\u0131ca Kuzey Mezopotamya ve Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde vuku bulur.<\/p>\n

Ancak be\u015f meydan sava\u015f\u0131 verdikten sonra Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 yenip, durultmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Ayaklanmay\u0131 bast\u0131ran Dareh, Akemenik devletini 20 satrapl\u0131\u011fa ay\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ermenistan 13. ve 18. satrapl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeleri d\u00e2hilinde olur.<\/p>\n

Satrapl\u0131k g\u00f6revi, genel olarak, haklar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u00e7 \u00f6zerkliklerini korumu\u015f olan Yervantuni krallar\u0131na teslim edilmekte, baz\u0131 durumlarda ise asilzade bir Persli satrap tayin edilmekteydi.<\/p>\n

Bu durum B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender\u2019in seferlerine kadar devam eder.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender, M.\u00d6. 334 y\u0131l\u0131nda Akemenik \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na sald\u0131rarak do\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerini i\u015fgal eder.<\/p>\n

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1. Yervandakert harabeleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0130skender, M.\u00d6. 331 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Gavgamela meydan muharebesinde III. Dareh\u2019in ordular\u0131n\u0131 yenerek Akemenik \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nu y\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

III. Yervand ve Mitraustes komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk ordular\u0131 da Gavgamela meydan sava\u015f\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve sava\u015f alan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterdikleri becerileriyle g\u00f6z kama\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M. \u00d6. 336 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019ta h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren III. Yervand, Akemenik \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra kendisini ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kral ilan eder (M.\u00d6. 331-300), Mitraustes de K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk\u2019ta ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapar.<\/p>\n

Yervand, Makedonyal\u0131 \u0130skender\u2019in komutanlar\u0131ndan Memnonos ve Selefkios Nikator\u2019un tacizlerine kar\u015f\u0131 darbeler indirerek B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yla savunur.<\/p>\n

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2. Yervandakert harabeleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Yervand\u2019\u0131n deste\u011fiyle K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk, Pontos ve Kapadovkia (Kapadokya) krall\u0131klar\u0131 da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 korurlar.<\/p>\n

Makedonyal\u0131 \u0130skender M.\u00d6. 323 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat eder ve imparatorlu\u011fu birka\u00e7 par\u00e7aya b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu par\u00e7alardan en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Selevkos devletidir. Bu \u00fclke, B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck rakibi olur ve bir\u00e7ok defa Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgale yeltenir, fakat Ermeni ordular\u0131, Selevkoslara gereken kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 verir<\/p>\n

Dsopk ve Kommagene y\u00f6neticisi Samos (\u015eam) Yervanduni, M.\u00d6. 260 y\u0131l\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk kral\u0131na tabi olmay\u0131 reddederek kendisini ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kral ilan eder.<\/p>\n

Samos, Samosat (Kommagene\u2019de) ve Samokert (Dsopk\u2019ta) \u015fehirlerini kurar.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Argi\u015ftikhinili-Armavir\u2019in i\u00e7kalesinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n rekonstr\u00fcksiyonu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Samos\u2019u, o\u011flu Ar\u015fam (M.\u00d6. 240-220) takip eder ve Ar\u015fama\u015fat ba\u015fkenti (Dsopk\u2019ta) ile Arsamea adl\u0131 iki \u015fehir (Kommagene\u2019de) kurar.<\/p>\n

Kommagene, Selevkoslar\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesiyle Dsopk\u2019tan ayr\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle, M.\u00d6. III. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ermenistan B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk, Dsopk ve Kommagene olarak, d\u00f6rt krall\u0131\u011fa b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6l\u00fcnen \u00fclke, art\u0131k yabanc\u0131 istilac\u0131lara gereken darbeleri vurmak i\u00e7in laz\u0131m olan eski g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip olmaz.<\/p>\n

Yervanduni\u2019lerin B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019taki son temsilcisi IV. Yervand (M.\u00d6. 220-201) olur. IV. Yervand, Akhuryan (Arpa\u00e7ay) ve Araks (Aras) nehirlerinin birle\u015fti\u011fi yerde yeni bir ba\u015fkent kurar ve Yervanda\u015fat olarak adland\u0131r\u0131r (Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar i\u00e7in buraya t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z: http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=572<\/a>)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

. Bu \u015fehrin kuzeyinde ise Yervandakert ve Yervandavan, Akhuryan\u2019\u0131n sa\u011f k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda ise, \u00f6nemli bir kutsal mek\u00e2na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecek olan Bagaran \u015fehirlerini kurar.<\/p>\n

Selevkos kral\u0131 III. B\u00fcy\u00fck Antiokos\u2019un ordular\u0131, Ermeni General Arta\u015fes komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, M.\u00d6. 201 y\u0131l\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131 istila eder ve Arta\u015fes, y\u00f6netici (strategos) olarak tayin edilir.<\/p>\n

Dsopk\u2019un Yervanduni kral\u0131 Kserkses (M.\u00d6. 220-201), \u00f6nce Selevkos kral\u0131 III. Andiokos\u2019a yar\u0131-ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olur, M.\u00d6. 201 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise bir komplo sonucunda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk ve Kommagene de Selevkos devletinin strategialar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

III. Andiokos, Dsopk\u2019ta Zareh\u2019i, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk\u2019ta Mihrdat\u2019\u0131, Kommagene\u2019de Pt\u011fomeos\u2019u (Ptolome) y\u00f6netici olarak tayin eder. B\u00f6ylece, Yervanduni Ermeni krall\u0131klar\u0131 Selevkos \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun istilac\u0131 siyasetinin kurban\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Dsopk-Kommagene de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere, Yervanduni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 temsilcileri \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u015fehir kurmu\u015f, kendi adlar\u0131 ve resimleriyle para basm\u0131\u015f, \u00fclkenin ekonomik geli\u015fmesini te\u015fvik etmi\u015f, Helenistik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc desteklemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Yervanduni\u2019ler d\u00f6nemi Ermenistan\u2019\u0131nda, devletle\u015fme sa\u011flam temeller \u00fczerinde in\u015fa edilmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131, yabanc\u0131 egemenlik sadece on y\u0131l s\u00fcrer.<\/p>\n

Yervanduni <\/strong>hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 krallar\u0131 listesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. I. Kanaatk\u00e2r Yervand (M.\u00d6. yakla\u015f\u0131k 570-560)<\/li>\n
  2. Tigran Yervandyan (M.\u00d6. 560-535)<\/li>\n
  3. Vahagn Yervandyan (M.\u00d6. 530-515)<\/li>\n
  4. I. Hidarnes (M.\u00d6. VI. y\u00fczy\u0131l)<\/li>\n
  5. II. Hidarnes (M.\u00d6. V. y\u00fczy\u0131l)<\/li>\n
  6. III. Hidarnes (M.\u00d6. V. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortas\u0131)<\/li>\n
  7. Arta\u015fir (M.\u00d6. V. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131)<\/li>\n
  8. II. Yervand (M.\u00d6. 404-360)<\/li>\n
  9. III. Yervand (M.\u00d6. 330-300)<\/li>\n
  10. IV. Sonuncu Yervand (M.\u00d6. III. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011fi)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7eviren: Diran Lokmag\u00f6zyan<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    http:\/\/hayenq.do.am\/index\/ervandowniner\/0-12<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Anlat\u0131lara g\u00f6re, Ninue\u2019nin ele ge\u00e7irilmesinde (M.\u00d6. 612) Ermenilerin \u00f6nderi Paruyr S\u0131kayordi, Marlara destek verir ve Marastan kral\u0131, kendisini Ermenistan kral\u0131 ilan eder. Paruyr\u2019un akrabalar\u0131ndan olan Yervand Sakavakyats, yeni bir Ermeni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurar ve bu hanedanl\u0131k kendi ad\u0131yla Yervanduni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Van, h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00fclkenin ba\u015fkenti kal\u0131r ve ancak IV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015fkent Armavir \u015fehrine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Yervanduni […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":19314,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19313","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermenilerin-tarihi","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\n5. Yervanduniler d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=19313\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"5. Yervanduniler d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Anlat\u0131lara g\u00f6re, Ninue\u2019nin ele ge\u00e7irilmesinde (M.\u00d6. 612) Ermenilerin \u00f6nderi Paruyr S\u0131kayordi, Marlara destek verir ve Marastan kral\u0131, kendisini Ermenistan kral\u0131 ilan eder. Paruyr\u2019un akrabalar\u0131ndan olan Yervand Sakavakyats, yeni bir Ermeni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurar ve bu hanedanl\u0131k kendi ad\u0131yla Yervanduni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Van, h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00fclkenin ba\u015fkenti kal\u0131r ve ancak IV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015fkent Armavir \u015fehrine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. 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Yervanduniler d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=19313","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"5. Yervanduniler d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Anlat\u0131lara g\u00f6re, Ninue\u2019nin ele ge\u00e7irilmesinde (M.\u00d6. 612) Ermenilerin \u00f6nderi Paruyr S\u0131kayordi, Marlara destek verir ve Marastan kral\u0131, kendisini Ermenistan kral\u0131 ilan eder. Paruyr\u2019un akrabalar\u0131ndan olan Yervand Sakavakyats, yeni bir Ermeni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurar ve bu hanedanl\u0131k kendi ad\u0131yla Yervanduni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Van, h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00fclkenin ba\u015fkenti kal\u0131r ve ancak IV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015fkent Armavir \u015fehrine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. 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